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(Eo{Vhm{gH$ H$mX§~ar) boIH$ : ñdpßZb am‘Xmg H$mobVo [email protected]

ݶy B©am npãbqeJ hmD$g

22, d¥§XmdZ AnmQ>©‘|Q>, nw.b. Xoenm§S>o JmS>©Zg‘moa, qghJS> amoS>, nwUo - 4110030 ’$moZ : 020 24252114, 8798202020 Email Id : [email protected] Website : www.newerapublish.com.

ISBN : 978-81-947828-5-8 copyright © ñdpßZb

am‘Xmg H$mobVo

‘wIn¥ð> : à‘moX ‘moVu. ‘mo. : 9960058542 {ÛVr¶md¥Îmr : {S>g|~a 2020 ‘yë¶ : 300

ALL RIGHTS ARE RESERVED NO PARTS OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED, STORED IN A RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC, MECHANICAL, PHOTOCOPYING, RECORDING, OR OTHERWISE, WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN PERMISSION OF THE COPYRIGHT OWNER, SHARAD TANDALE. THIS BOOK IS SOLD SUBJECT TO THE CONDITION THAT IT SHALL NOT, BY WAY OF TRADE OR OTHERWISE, BE LENT, RESOLD, HIRED OUT, OR OTHERWISE CIRCULATED WITHOUT THE PUBLISHER’S PRIOR CONSENT IN ANY FORM OF BINDING OR COVER OTHER THAN THAT IN WHICH IT IS PUBLISHED AND WITHOUT A SIMILAR CONDITION INCLUDING THIS CONDITION BEING IMPOSED ON THE SUBSEQUENT PURCHASER. UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES MAY ANY PART OF THIS BOOK BE PHOTOCOPIED FOR RESALE. ANY SIMILARITY BETWEEN THE CHARACTERS AND SITUATIONS WITHIN ITS PAGES AND PLACES OR PERSONS, LIVING OR DEAD, IS UNINTENTIONAL AND COINCIDENTAL.

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dmMZ H$aVm H$aVm EH$ Jmoï> ‘m¶m bjmV Ambr H$s, Am¡a§JOo~ hr EH$ 춺$s Amho Or 1636‘ܶo n{hë¶m§Xm X»IZ‘ܶo Ambr. Z§Va {edmOr ‘hmamOm§À¶m CËH$fm©À¶m H$mimV 1652 Vo 1658 øm H$mimV Vmo Xþgè¶m§Xm X»IZMm gw^oXma åhUyZ BWo hmoVm. ˶mM H$mimV ‘hmamOm§Zr Omdir qOHy$Z ñdamÁ¶mM§ Ama‘ma C^maʶmg gwédmV Ho$br hmoVr. ømM H$mimV XmoZ eVH$m§hÿZ A{YH$ H$mi gÎmoV Agboë¶m XmoZ X{jUr emøm, Am{Xbemhr Am{U Hw$Vw~emhr øm§Zm Am¡a§JOo~mZo XmVr V¥U Yam¶bm bmdbo. {Vgè¶m§Xm Vmo Ambm Vmo {edmOr ‘hmamOm§Mo ‘hm{Zdm©U Pmë¶mZ§Va g§^mOr ‘hmamOm§À¶m H$mimV (1681). ehmOramOm§Mm H$m¶©H$mi ˶mZo nm{hbm, {edmOr ‘hmamOm§Mm ‘¥Ë¶y nm{hbm, g§^mOr ‘hmamOm§Mm ‘¥Ë¶y nm{hbm, amOmam‘ ‘hmamOm§Mm A§V ˶mZo nm{hbm, VmamamUr gaH$mam§Mm C^aVm H$mi ˶mZo n{hbm; EdT>§M Zìho Va, Á¶m§Zr ˶mbm gdmªV OmñV Ìmg {Xbm, Á¶m§À¶m‘wio S>moŠ¶mdarb {H$‘m±e ˶mbm ’o$Hy$Z Úmdm bmJbm, Á¶m§Mm C„oI ˶mÀ¶m Xa~mamVrb B{VhmgH$mam§Zr {edmOrnojm XgnQ> VmnXm¶H$ amOm, ~mXehmg VmOr‘ Z XoUmam g§^mOr, Agm Ho$bm ˶m Amnë¶m H$Å>a Xþî‘ZmÀ¶m ‘wbmbm, AOmVeÌy Wmoabo emhÿ øm§Zm ˶mbm 26 df} gm§^mimd§ bmJb§! ~mH$s H$mhrhr Agb§ Var Am¡a§JOo~mZo amÁ¶ H$aUmè¶m ‘amR>çm§À¶m Mma {nT>çm nm{hë¶mV ho Amnë¶mbm ‘mݶ H$amd§M bmJob Oar Vmo eÌy Agbm Var. Amnë¶mbm ˶mbm Q>miVm ¶oUma Zmhr. {MÌnQ>, ‘m{bH$m, H$mX§~è¶m, H$Wm ¶m§‘YyZ XmIdbobm åhmVmam, Y‘©doS>m, H$moUmerhr ghO ~mobUmam Am¡a§JOo~ Am{U ˶mMo ‘yi ì¶{º$‘Îd ømV Iyn ’$aH$ Amho. Am¡a§JOo~ Ho$di Amnë¶mbm àmXo{eH$ nmVirda {MÌnQ> Am{U ‘m{bH$m§À¶m ~OoQ>EdT>mM {H$aH$moi XmIdbm OmVmo. Amnë¶mbm R>mD$H$ Agbobm Am¡a§JOo~ ’$ma ‘¶m©{XV Amho. Amnë¶mbm ‘mhrV Amho, Am½Œ¶mÀ¶m Xa~mamV {edmOr ‘hmamOm§À¶m g‘moa V»V-E-VmD$gda ~gbobm Am¡a§JOo~ Á¶mZo "Z ^yVmo Z ^{dî¶{V' Agm Amnbm Pmbobm An‘mZ nMdbm. g§^mOr ‘hmamOm§Mm H«y$a N>i H$ê$Z ˶m§Mr h˶m H$aUmam Am¡a§JOo~ Amnë¶mbm ‘mhrV Amho, nU Amnë¶mbm Vmo Am¡a§JOo~ ‘mhrV Zmhr, Omo d¶mÀ¶m npñVgmì¶m dfu ~wèhmUnwamV Amnë¶m ‘mderH$S>o Jobobm AgVmZm EH$m ~mB©À¶m ào‘mV nS>bm hmoVm. {VÀ¶m BíH$mV Vmo BVH$m ~o^mZ Pmbm hmoVm H$s, {VÀ¶mImVa Bñbm‘À¶m {damoYmV OmD$Z Vmo Xmê$hr ߶m¶bm gwÕm V¶ma Pmbm hmoVm. Amnë¶mbm Vmo Am¡a§JOo~ R>mD$H$M Zmhr, Á¶mZo V»V {‘idʶmgmR>r Amnë¶m g»»¶m ^mdm§Zm ‘mê$Z Q>mH$b§. Vmo Am¡a§JOo~ ‘mhrV Zmhr Á¶mZo {’$Vwar H$ê$Z Amnë¶m ^mdmbm ‘wH$Ôa / 8

¶wÕmV ‘XV Ho$br åhUyZ g»»¶m ‘wbmbm AmOÝ‘ H$mamdmgmV R>odb§. Amnë¶m g»»¶m ^mdmbm ‘mê$Z ˶mMo ‘w§S>Ho$ Zgboë¶m earamMr g§nyU© AmJ«m ehamVyZ qYS> H$mT>Umam Am¡a§JOo~ Amnë¶mbm ‘mhrV Zmhr. Mm¡Xm dfmªMm AgVmZm hÎmrg‘moa {ZS>a hmoD$Z C^m amhUmam Am¡a§JOo~ Amnë¶mbm ‘mhrV Zmhr. Ia§ Va gmR>rÀ¶m AmVbm Am¡a§JOo~ AmnU Amnë¶m H$ënZoVhr H$Yr AmUbm Zmhr. Amnë¶mbm R>mD$H$ Amho H$s, ~mam ‘mdim§Vrb H$mhr am§JS>çm ‘XmªZm ~amo~a KoD$Z ‘hmamOm§Zr Am½Œ¶mMo d¡^d ~{KVbo. Am¡a§JOo~mg‘moa ˶mÀ¶m Xa~mamV Vr Eo{Vhm{gH$ qghJO©Zm Ho$br. nU ‘hmamOm§Zr Á¶mMm An‘mZ Ho$bm ˶mMrhr C§Mr Amnë¶mbm g‘OyZ ¿¶m¶bm hdr. ‘hmamOm§À¶m M[aÌmMr C§Mr hr Z¸$sM Am¡a§JOo~mnojm Iyn ‘moR>r Amho, hoM OmUdyZ XoʶmgmR>r hm IQ>mQ>mon. Am¡a§JOo~ ho ì¶{º$‘Îd ‘bm A{^ZoVm ¶VrZ H$m¶}H$a ¶m§Zr gmH$maboë¶m "amOm {edN>ÌnVr' øm ^y{‘Ho$‘wio n{hë¶m§Xm ^mdb§. ˶mZ§Va goVw‘mYdamdm§Zr hmVmbm Yê$Z doimodoir ‘bm ˶m§Zm C‘Obobm Am¡a§JOo~ XmIdbm. ˶m‘wioM hr 춺$s ‘mZdr ‘¶m©Xm Am{U gr‘m Agbobr Amho Am{U {Vbm Hw$R>brhr X¡dr XoUJr Zmhr qH$dm Vmo IwXmMm AdVma XoIrb Zmhr, hr Jmoï> ‘bm àH$fm©Zo OmUdbr. AmnU ho bjmV ¿¶m¶bm hdo H$s, VËH$mbrZ qH$dm ‘ܶ¶wJmVrb à˶oH$ H¥$Vrbm Y‘m©Mm AmYma XoʶmMr ˶mH$miÀ¶m amÁ¶H$˶mªMr gd¶ hmoVr. Amnbr à˶oH$ H¥$Vr g‘mOmbm nQ>dyZ XoʶmgmR>r XodmM§ åhUm AWdm A„mM§ Zmd ¿¶mdM bmJm¶M§. AmnU Ho$bobo Hw$R>bohr H¥$˶ g‘W©Zr¶ Am{U g‘mO‘mݶ AgboM nm{hOo, ømgmR>r Ago Ho$bo Om¶Mo, ho ñnï> g˶ Amho Oo AmnU ZmH$mê$ eH$V Zmhr. ˶m‘wio Am¡a§JOo~mZo Amnbr gJir H«y$a H¥$˶o Y‘m©À¶m Zmdo Indbr. ~aoM B{VhmgH$ma Am{U gm‘mݶ bmoH$ øm ‘Vmda R>m‘ AmhoV H$s, Vmo Y‘mªY hmoVm Am{U H$Å>aVoZo Bñbm‘Mo nmbZ H$am¶Mm. ‘mÌ, øm Jmoï>rda ‘wimV ‘mPm {dœmgM Zmhr. n¡J§~amZo Bñbm‘‘ܶo em§VVm àñWm{nV H$aʶmgmR>r Omo g§Xoe {Xbm Vmo Am¡a§JOo~mÀ¶m H¥$VrV Hw$R>oM {XgV Zmhr. CbQ>, ˶mM§ nyU© Am¶wî¶ ho gÎmogmR>r Ho$boë¶m H«y$a H¥$˶m§Zm Hw$amUmVrb {bImdQ>r‘ܶo g§X^© {‘imdo åhUyZ AmoT>mVmU H$aʶmV Jobo. gÎmogmR>r ^mdmMm dY H$am, ~mnmbm {df XoD$Z R>ma H$am, Ago Bñbm‘ gm§JV Zmhr. ˶mMm OrdZnQ> åhUOo nmʶmBVH$m ñdÀN> Agm gÎmmg§Kf© Amho. Bñbm‘Mo AmMaU H$aʶmMm ˶mMm T>m|JrnUm Amnë¶mbm H¡$H$ CXmhaUm§VyZ XmIdVm ¶oB©b. ¶mdê$Z ho Amnë¶m bjmV ¶oV§ H$s, Am¡a§JOo~ hm "Bñbm‘' ¶m VmH$XrMm ’$º$ dmna H$ê$Z KoV hmoVm. ‘wH$Ôa / 9

øm nwñVH$mÀ¶m àdmgmV ~è¶mM J‘VrO‘Vr KS>ë¶m. ~arM ‘Ooera nm̧ ‘bm ^oQ>br. ˶mV {ZH$mobmAmo ‘ZwMr ^oQ>bm, Am~o H°$ao ^oQ>bm, ’«$m¶a ^oQ>bm, ~{Z©¶a ^oQ>bm, ’«|$M Xm{JZo {dH$Umam Vìh}{ZE ^oQ>bm. øm ‘§S>itMr J§‘V Aer H$s, Am¡a§JOo~mÀ¶m Xa~mamV OodT>o boIH$ hmoVo, Vo Oo H$mhr {bhm¶Mo Vo Am¡a§JOo~ EH$Xm ñdV… Amnë¶m S>moù¶mImbyZ Kmbm¶Mm, ˶m‘wio ˶mÀ¶m {dO¶mMm B{Vhmg ’$ma MT>dyZ gm§{JVbm Om¶Mm Am{U nam^dmMm B{Vhmg gm¡å¶ H$ê$Z ‘m§S>bm Om¶Mm. ‘moJbm§Mr qH$dm ~mXehmMr Pmbobr ’${OVr ˶m§Zr H$Yr ˶m§À¶m {bImUmV ¶oD$ {Xbr Zmhr. ˶mÀ¶m Am¶wî¶mV Aem H$mhr KQ>Zm KS>ë¶m Á¶m§Mm ‘moJb B{VhmgH$mam§Zr C„oI Ho$bobm Zmhr. ‘moJbm§À¶m à{Vð>obm VS>m XoUmè¶m H$mhr b‚mmñnX Jmoï>r KS>ë¶m Á¶m ˶m§Zr ‘m§S>ë¶m ZmhrV. nU hr naXoer ‘§S>ir Hw$Umbm XmIdʶmgmR>r Zìho, Va ñdV…gmR>r {bImU H$arV Agë¶m‘wio ‘moJbm§Mr ’${OVr, nam^d, {dZmoXr àg§J, H$Yrhr Z gm§{JVë¶m OmUmè¶m Am{U Hw$Umbm Z gm§Jy eH$Umè¶m Jmoï>r VgoM Am¡a§JOo~mMm YyV©nUm, ˶mMm ‘yI©nUm, ˶mÀ¶m MwH$m ho ˶m§À¶m nmZmnmZm§V Amnë¶mbm dmMm¶bm {‘iVmV. ømV AOyZ EH$ J‘VrXma Zmd åhUOo B§J«O dH$sb ga {d{b¶‘ Zm°arg. ˶mZo N>mdUrMo Ho$bobo dU©Z dmñVddmXr Amho, Á¶mVyZ ‘moJb g¡Ý¶mMm doiH$mTy> ñd^md Am{U H$m‘MwH$manUm øm§À¶mda àH$me nS>Vmo. øm gJù¶m naXoer boIH$m§Mo Am^maM ‘mZm¶bm hdoV. {d{eï> 춺$sbm ‘ܶ^mJr R>oD$Z {b{hbobr H$mX§~ar hr ˶mMm H$m¡VwH$gmohim hmoD$Z OmVmo. ‘mÌ, hr Jmoï> "‘wH$Ôa'À¶m ~m~VrV Pmbr Zmhr. ‘r EH$ a§Jmar åhUyZ øm H$bmH¥$VrH$S>o ~KVmo. "‘wH$Ôa' ZmdmÀ¶m øm ^ë¶m‘moR>çm H°$Zìhmgda ‘r bmb {H$ëë¶mnmgyZ amOJS>n¶ªV Am{U A’$Jm{UñVmZmnmgyZ gømÐrn¶ªV AZoH$ {MÌo eãXê$nmV {MVmabr AmhoV. ˶m gJù¶m {MÌm§‘ܶo EH$ AmH¥$Vr dma§dma Vwåhmbm {Xgob, Vr åhUOo Am¡a§JOo~! AmVm Vwåhr R>adm¶M§, H$s Am¡a§JOo~ ‘ܶ^mJr Amho, H$s gJù¶m {MÌm§‘Ybr Vr ’$º$ EH$ AmH¥$Vr Amho. EHo$ {R>H$mUr ‘ZwMrZo Z‘yX Ho$bo Amho H$s, 'Am¡a§JOo~mMr Or g‘d¶ñH$ ‘§S>ir hmoVr Vr øm bm§~boë¶m ‘mo{h‘o‘ܶo ‘obr. VéU hmoVr Vr åhmVmar Pmbr, Or AJXrM bhmZ hmoVr Vr VéU Pmbr Á¶m§Zr øm ‘mo{h‘oVM g§gma WmQ>bm. ˶m§À¶m ‘wbm§Zm R>mD$H$ XoIrb Zgob H$s Ka H$embm åhUVmV qH$dm amhV§ Ka H$g§ AgV. ˶m§Zm hohr R>mD$H$ Zgob H$s Amnbr ‘mV¥^y‘r hr {X„r, AmJ«m, amOñWmZ, H$m~yb dm bmhmoa Amho. H$Xm{MV Vo {’$aVrdaÀ¶m V§~ybmM Voìhm Ka g‘OV AgmdoV.' hm C„oI Am¡a§JOo~mÀ¶m g¡Ý¶mMr H$m¶ AdñWm Agob ho g‘OyZ KoʶmgmR>r ‘wH$Ôa / 10

nwaogm Amho. øm emoH$m§{VHo$nmgyZ ñdV… Am¡a§JOo~ gwÕm dmMbobm Zmhr. ~mXehm Pmë¶mZ§VaMr ˶mMr hr gJù¶mV ‘moR>r n{hbrM ‘mohr‘ hmoVr. ˶mbmhr dmQ>V Agob H$s, B{VhmgmV AOam‘a ìhmdo, nU Mma bj OZmda§ Am{U nmM bj ‘mUg§ (˶mV OZmZImZm Am{U ~mOma~wUJo gwÕm Ambo) EdT>r Wmoa Am{U ‘mVã~a ’$m¡O Vmo øm S>m|JXè¶m§‘ܶo KoD$Z Ambm. ‘amR>çm§M§ Bdb§g§ amÁ¶ {Jim¶bm EH$ df© nwaogo Amho, hm ˶mMm g‘O hmoVm. ˶mMo gm‘϶© nmhVm hm g‘O ImoQ>m hmoVm, Agohr åhUVm Zmhr ¶oUma. nU EdT>m ~bd§V gwbVmZ AgyZ XoIrb S>m|JaXè¶m§V Mni {Mζmà‘mUo dmdaUmè¶m ‘yR>^a ‘amR>çm§Zr ˶mbm H$go Zm‘moha‘ Ho$bo, ˶mMo naVrMo ‘mJ© H$go ~§X Ho$bo, Á¶m V»VmgmR>r Vmo {Zå‘r h¶mV Pw§Obm, Vo V»V ˶mÀ¶m Ñï>rnmgyZ ‘amR>çm§Zr H$go AÑí¶ Ho$bo, ¶mMr hr JmWm Amho. n{hë¶m§Xm Am¡a§JOo~mMm ‘hmamOm§er g§~§Y Ambm Vmo AmJ«m ^oQ>rV. Vmo n{hbm Am{U eodQ>Mm jU hmoVm Ooìhm XmoKm§Zr EH$‘oH$m§Zm n{hb§. ‘bm Amü¶© øm Jmoï>rM§ dmQ>V§ H$s, BWë¶m ñWm{ZH$, nma§n[aH$ eoVr-^mVrMm ì¶dgm¶ H$aUmè¶m, ‘mgo‘mar H$aUmè¶m, nmQ>rbH$s Am{U Xoe‘wIr dVZo ^moJUmè¶m A{Vgm‘mݶ ‘amR>çm§Zm ‘hmamOm§Zr Am½Œ¶mÀ¶m JJZMw§~r Am{U S>moio {XndyZ Q>mH$Umè¶m d¡^dmM§ Xe©Z KS>db§, ñdV… nm{hb§. {dMma H$am. Vmo ~mXehmMm nÞmgmdm dmT>{Xdg hmoVm. ’$º$ ‘hmb gOdʶmgmR>r {X„rhÿZ Am½Œ¶mbm gmoimeo ~¡bJmS>çm ^ê$Z gOmdQ>rMo gm{h˶ Job§ hmoV§. ‘J Am½Œ¶mMm Vmoam ˶m {Xder H$m¶ Agob? na§Vw qhXþñWmZÀ¶m ~mXehmbm EH$m gm‘mݶ O‘rZXmamÀ¶m ‘wbmbm ^oQ>mdg§ H$m dmQ>b§? ˶mbm qhXþñWmZmV eÌy H$‘r ZìhVo. ˶mMm gJù¶mV ‘moR>m eÌy hm n{e©¶Z ~mXehm hmoVm, Á¶mZo H§$XmhmagmaI§ ‘mVã~a R>mU§ qOHy$Z ‘moJbm§M§ ZmH$ Xm~yZ Yab§ hmoV§. ˶mbm CO~oJr Q>moù¶m§nmgyZ YmoH$m hmoVm, ˶mbm A’$JmUr bwQ>mé§nmgyZ YmoH$m hmoVm. Amgm‘‘ܶo ñdJ©Xod MH«$dVuqgJÀ¶m goZmnVr b{MV ~S>’w$H$ZZo ZwH$V§M S>moH§$ da H$mT>b§ hmoV§, Varhr ’$ma bm§~ Hw$R>oVar X»IZoV EH$m dVZXmamÀ¶m ‘wbmZo Vrg Mmirg {H$„o qOHy$Z ñdV…M§ amÁ¶ {Z‘m©U H$aʶmMm {ZU©¶ KoVbm, øm N>moQ>çmem ~§S>mZo Am¡a§JOo~ AñdñW H$m Pmbm? H$maU ‘m¶m ‘Vo, {edmOr ‘hmamOm§M§ ~§S> ho ’$º$ ~§S> ZgyZ Vr EH$m ñdV§Ì amï´>{Z{‘©VrMr Zm§Xr R>ê$ eH$Vo, ho gdmªV AmYr Am¡a§JOo~mbm g‘Ob§ Agmd§. {edmOr ‘hmamOm§Zr gwÕm {VWë¶m d¡^dmM§ XS>nU Amnë¶mda A{O~mV ¶oD$ {Xb§ Zmhr. Amnë¶m ‘wbmgmo~V ‘m¶^y‘rnmgyZ hOmamo ‘¡b Xÿa AgVmZm XoIrb ‘hmamOgmho~m§Zr Oo ~oXaH$ma ~mʶmMo am¡Ð ê$n {X„rnVr Am¡a§JOo~mbm XmIdbo, hr Jmoï> gm‘mݶ Zmhr. ‘wH$Ôa / 11

à‘moX ‘m§S>o (^mD$) Zoh‘r åhUm¶Mo H$s, {edmOr ‘hmamOm§Zm g‘Obobm EH$‘od ‘mUyg åhUOo Am¡a§JOo~ Am{U Am¡a§JOo~mbm g‘Obobm EH$‘od ‘mUyg åhUOo {edmOr ‘hmamO. hr Jmoï> Iar Agbr Var {edmOr ‘hmamO nyU©nUo Am¡a§JOo~mbm H$ibo ZmhrV, Ag§ BW§ Z‘yX H$amdogo dmQ>Vo. Oa Am¡a§JOo~mbm ‘hmamOm§Mo ܶo¶, ˶m§Mr C{Ôï>ço, ˶m§Mr amï´>{Z{‘©VrÀ¶m ‘mJMr Agbobr Zr{V‘Îmm, ‘mV¥^y‘rbm na{H$¶m§nmgyZ ñdV§Ì H$aʶmMr ‘hÎdmH$m§jm H$ibr AgVr, Va ‘hmamOm§Zm ˶mZo Am½Œ¶mÀ¶m ~mhoa nmD$b Q>mHy$M {Xbo ZgVo. {edmOr ‘hmamOm§Zm Vmo nyU©nUo g‘Oy eH$bm Zmhr. g‘Oy eH$bm Agob Va ’$º$ AmJ«m ^oQ>rn¶ªV. 1670 Vo 1680 øm Xhm dfmªV ‘hmamOm§Zr ~mJbmU àm§V qOHy$Z KoVbm Am{U gwaVoMm ‘moJbm§Mm ‘mJ© R>ßn H$ê$Z ‘amR>çm§gmR>r gwaVobm OmUmam EH$ amO‘mJ©M Iwbm Ho$bm. amÁ¶m{^foH$mÀ¶m doir ‘moJbm§Zm em§V R>odʶmgmR>r ‘hmamOm§Zr ~hmXÿaImZm~amo~a VmËnwaVm ImoQ>mImoQ>m Vh Ho$bm, ˶mbm ~mXehmMr ‘§Owar hmoVr. Oa ˶mbm Ia§M ‘hmamOm§nmgyZMm YmoH$m H$imbm AgVm Va Vmo Vhmbm ‘§Oya PmbmM ZgVm. Vmo A’$JmUr Q>moù¶m§Mm ~§Xmo~ñV H$aʶmgmR>r CÎmaoV Jw§Vbobm Oar Agbm Var ˶m Xhm dfmªV ˶mÀ¶m Hw$R>ë¶mM goZmnVrH$Sy>Z X»IZ XoemV C„oIZr¶ H$m‘{Jar Pmbobr Zmhr. CbQ>, ‘hmamOm§Zr ˶mÀ¶m ‘mVã~a gaXmam§Zm ‘yIm©VM H$mT>bob§ Amho. Z§Va Ooìhm 3 E{àb 1680 amoOr ‘hmamOm§Mo ‘hm{Zdm©U Pmbo Voìhm Vmo IS>~Sy>Z OmJm Pmbm. ˶mbm H$imb§ H$s AmnU {H$Vr J‘mdb§ Amho. ˶mbm H$imb§ H$s, AmnU 1652 Vo 1658 À¶m gw^oXmarV Á¶m gwä¶mMm ~§Xmo~ñV ‘w{e©XHw$brImZmH$Sy>Z ì¶dpñWV ~gdyZ KoVbm hmoVm, EH$ H$moQ>rMm dgyb Agbobm X»IZ gw^m AmnU gmS>oVrZ H$moQ>tda AmUyZ R>odbm hmoVm, ˶m gwä¶mMm n§MmhÎma Q>¸o$ ^mJ hm {edmOr ‘hmamOm§Zr {Jibobm Amho, hr OmUrd ˶mbm ˶m doir Pmbr Am{U nyU© gm‘϶m©{Zer Vmo Imbr Ambm. nU {edmOr ‘hmamOm§{déÕ Xhm df} bT>VmZm Am¡a§JOo~mÀ¶m g¡Ý¶mZo AmË‘{dœmg J‘mdbm. {OÔ hadyZ ~gbo. Vr {OÔ, Vr eº$s, Vmo AmË‘{dœmg Vo nwT>br 26 df© nwÝhm {‘idy eH$bo ZmhrV. Am¡a§JOo~mÀ¶m nam^dmM§ Ia§ H$maU ømV Amho. ˶mZ§Va Am¡a§JOo~mÀ¶m AmJ‘ZmbmM g§^mOr ‘hmamOm§Zr ˶mÀ¶mda gbm‘rMr Vmo’$ S>mJbr. ˶mMo n{hbo ào‘àH$aU Á¶m ehamV KS>bo Vo ~wèhmUnya eha g§^mOramOm§Zr bwQy>Z ’$ñV Ho$bo. ˶mbm H$imbo H$s, ‘amR>çm§Mr AmVm ^rS> Monbobr Amho. ˶mbm H$ibo, Oo ‘amR>o AmYr Amnë¶mgmR>r Vbdmar naOm¶Mo Vo AmVm Amnë¶m{déÕ Vbdma CJmam¶bm Km~aV ZmhrV. ˶mbm H$imbo Á¶mdoir {edmOr ‘hmamOm§Zr em{hñVoImZmMr ~moQ>o H$mnbr ˶mdoiog nyU© ‘amR>çm§V hm {dœmg {Z‘m©U Pmbm H$s, AmnU ~mXehmÀ¶m ‘wH$Ôa / 12

‘m‘mMr ~moQ>o H$mny eH$Vmo Va ~mXehmÀ¶m H$mã¶mbm gwÕm hmV Kmby eH$Vmo. nwT>o Va Á¶mdoir g§VmOr~m~m§Zr Am¡a§JOo~mÀ¶m V§~yMo H$ig H$mnbo ˶mdoir ‘amR>çm§Mr ‘Ob Hw$R>n¶ªV Jobr hmoVr ømMr H$ënZmM Z Ho$bobr ~ar. Oo ‘amR>o Amnë¶m bmI^a g¡Ý¶ Agboë¶m N>mdUrV KwgyZ Amnbm V§~y Omiy eH$VmV Vo ‘amR>o EH$ Zm EH$ {Xdg Amnë¶m Jù¶mbm gwÕm ZI bmdy eH$VmV, ho Am¡a§JOo~mbm H$ibo hmoVo. dmñV{dH$ {VWyZM ˶mZo naVrÀ¶m àdmgmbm {ZKm¶bm hd§ hmoV§, nU Vmo hÅ>r hmoVm. hr Jmoï> ˶mZo ˶mÀ¶m ñdm{^‘mZmda KoVbr, ˶m‘wio ˶mMo nwT>Mo gJio {ZU©¶ MwH$V Jobo. eodQ>r Vmo ~mbmKmQ> àm§VmV Kwgbm. dg§VJS>mÀ¶m nm¶Ï¶mbm bmJboë¶m ˶mÀ¶m n{hë¶m nmdbmZoM Añ‘mZmbm Tw>gʶm XoUmè¶m ˶mÀ¶m gÎmoÀ¶m JJZMw§~r ‘Zmoè¶mbm eodQ>Mr KaKa bmJbr. ˶m doir {edmOr ‘hmamOm§Zr ˶mÀ¶m A{YH$mè¶mbm nydu {b{hboë¶m EH$m nÌmVrb hr dmŠ¶o ˶mbm Hw$UrVar gm§Jm¶bm nm{hOo hmoVr- "Vwåhr gJio A{YH$mar Amnë¶m ~mXehmbm ImoQ>o d¥Îmm§V {bhÿZ H$idVm. Vwåhmbm øm Jmoï>rMr bmO H$er dmQ>V Zmhr? ‘mPm àm§V hm Vw‘À¶m ~mXehmÀ¶m ‘wbImgmaIm ‘¡XmZr Zmhr, Va S>m|JaXè¶m§Zr doT>bobm Amho. ‘m¶m ‘wbImV {OWo Vw‘Mm H$ënZoMmhr Aœ ZmMdUo AdKS> Amho {VWo Vwåhr hm ‘wbyI qOH$m¶À¶m dëJZm H$aVm! ‘m¶m ‘mV¥^y‘rMo g§ajU H$aUo ho ‘mPo H$V©ì¶ Amho.' Am¡a§JOo~ {OVŠ¶m H$Å>aVoZo ‘amR>çm§er bT>bm, VodT>r ‘amR>çm§Mr XoemgmR>r bT>ʶmMr Vi‘i dmT>br, VodT>mM H$S>dm à{VH$ma ‘amR>çm§Zr Ho$bm. am¶JS>mda ~Îmrg ‘U V»Vmda noQ>bobr H«$m§VrMr {R>UJr hr Am¡a§JOo~mÀ¶m Ah‘XZJabm nyU© ZoñVZm~yV H$ê$ZM em§V Pmbr. ‘J ‘amR>o nyU© qhXþñWmZmV g§Mma H$ê$ bmJbo. Á¶m doir {edmOr ‘hmamOm§Zr àW‘ AmJ«m eha nm{hbo, ˶mdoirM H$Xm{MV ˶m§Zm H$ibo Agmdo H$s, dê$Z hÎmrà‘mUo e{º$embr Am{U ~iH$Q> dmQ>Umar hr ‘moJbemhr AmVyZ nyU© nmoIabobr Amho. BWo AZmJm|Xr H$ma^ma MmbVmo Am{U ¶mda AmnU Z¸$sM Amnbm A§‘b àñWm{nV H$ê$Z nyU© qhXþñWmZmda amÁ¶ H$ê$ eH$Vmo. nwT>o Pmbohr VgoM. Z§Va qeXo, hmoiH$a, ndma, Jm¶H$dmS>, nm¶JwS>o øm ‘X© ‘amR>çm§Zr nyU© qhXþñWmZmV Amnbr KmoS>r ZmMdbr. ^r‘WS>rÀ¶m VÅ>m§Zm IamoIaM ¶‘wZoM§ nmUr nmOb§. EdT>oM Zmhr, Va I¡~aqIS>rn¶ªV YS>H$hr ‘mabr. ¶m g§nyU© n[aH«$‘obm gJù¶mV OmñV H$maUr^yV H$moU Agob Va Vmo Am¡a§JOo~. H$maU ˶mÀ¶m H$Å>aVoZo ‘amR>çm§Mo ~i Am{U AmË‘{dœmg hm dmT>VM am{hbm. nwñVH$mMo Zmd Oar ‘wH$Ôa Agbo Var, ˶mZ§Va Omo {gH§$Xa øm ^maVmbm bm^bm (e§^ynwÌ Wmoabo emhÿ) ‘wH$Ôa / 13

˶mZo ‘moJbm§Zm Zm‘‘mÌ ~mXehm H$ê$Z R>odbo. ‘r Oa Ho$di {edmOr ‘hmamOm§Mo M[aÌ {b{hbo Va, Vo nÞmg dfmªMo hmoB©b, g§^mOr ‘hmamO {b{hbo Va 32 dfmªMo hmoB©b, amOmam‘ ‘hmamOm§Mo M[aÌ {b{hbo Va ˶m§Mm H$m¶©H$mi hm 11 dfmªMm Amho. na§Vw øm gJù¶m§Mm H$m¶©H$mi ~KUmam Am¡a§JOo~ gJù¶m§À¶m M[aÌm§Mo {MÌU H$aʶmgmR>r ‘bm gmonm dmQbm, åhUyZ {bImUmgmR>r ho nmÌ {ZdS>md§g§ dmQ>b§. ~mH$s M[aÌ Oar Am¡a§JOo~mM§ Agb§ Var, ˶mÀ¶m CÎmam¶UmV ‘amR>çm§Mm namH«$‘M nmZmnmZmda, eãXmeãXm§V Vwåhmbm dmMm¶bm {‘iob, ømMr ‘r ½dmhr XoVmo. AmO ‘ZmnmgyZ Ag§ dmQ>V§ H$s, Jwéd¶© ^mD$ (XþJ©‘hfu à‘moX ‘m§S>o) ¶m§Zr ho "‘wH$Ôa' dmMm¶bm hdo hmoVo. nU H$mimÀ¶m nmdbm§Zm AmdmO ZgVmo. eaX Vm§Xio gam§Zr ‘amR>r gm{h˶mH$S>o ~KʶmMr Zdr Ñï>r {Xbr Am{U Zoh‘r gmo~V am{hbo. nU ˶m§Mo Am^ma ‘mZyZ ‘bm ˶m§À¶m F$UmVyZ ‘wº$ ìhm¶Mo Zmhr, hmoVmhr ¶oUma Zmhr, Ago åhUy eH$Vmo. AmUIr ~aoM ‘Zgw~o aMyZ R>odboV Á¶m§Zm AmH$ma Úm¶Mo ~mH$s Amho. Am^ma-gËH$mamMo gmohio Ambo H$s Am¡nMm[aH$Vm dmT>Vo, Or ‘bm A{O~mV nmiVm ¶oV Zmhr Am{U AmdS>Vhr Zmhr. Varhr AVwb gmR>o, {gÕmW© eobma, A{^{OV amD$V, AqOŠ¶ ^mboamd, {ddoH$ ‘moao, A{^foH$ Hw§$^ma, Ho$VZ nwar, g˶{OV d¡Ú d àgmX Xm§JQ, Xrjm qXS>o> d C‘oe JmoS>go ho ‘mPo {‘Ì Zoh‘r ‘m¶mgmo~V hmoVo. ˶mV ‘mobmMr ‘XV Am‘Mo ^mB©, åhUOo à{Ub ndma ¶m§Zr Ho$br. ‘mPr AmB© Am{U nËZrZo ‘bm øm XrS> dfmªÀ¶m H$mimV Iyn ghH$m¶© Ho$bo. "‘wH$Ôa'bm gmOogo gw§Xa ‘wIn¥ð> à‘moX ‘moVr© ¶m§Zr Ho$bo. CXÿ© YmQ>UrMo gw§Xa d gw~H$ AjaaoIZ(H°${bJ«m’$s) {Z{Ib ndma aoImQ>bo. A§VJ©V gOmdQ d ‘w{ÐVemoYZ gm¡. ho‘bVm {WQ>o-T>dirH$a ¶m§Zr> Ho$bo. gdmªMo ‘ZmnmgyZ Am^ma. ho Mma eãX Vw‘À¶m hmVr gwnyX© Ho$ë¶mZo AmO ‘bm gømÐrV am¡Ð ê$nmV ~agyZ Joboë¶m nmdgmZ§Va [a˶m Pmboë¶m ew^« AmH$memgmaIo dmQ>V Amho. ~agyZ Joë¶mZ§VaMr nmoH$ir A§V‘©ZmV {Z‘m©U Pmbr Amho. hr nmoH$ir Z¸$sM ^ê$Z H$mT>rZ nwÝhm EImXr ¶wÕH$Wm {bhÿZ!

‘wH$Ôa / 14

AZwH«$‘{UH$m AmIar O§J.....................................17-41 ~m[ae Am¡a ‘ahÅ>o...............................43-65 ‘wëH$-E-X»IZ..............................67-103 V»V-E-VmCg..............................105-125 ~JmdV.......................................127-155 Zya............................................157-185 ‘wH$Ôa........................................187-211

‘wH$Ôa / 15

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H$mX§~ar ISBN 9 788194 782858

9 788194 782858

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