SUBJECT CODE

: 22405

As per Revised Syllabus of

MSBTE - I Scheme S.Y. Diploma Semester - IV Civil Engineering Group (CE / CR / CS)

Building Planning & Drawing Samiksha S. Kerkar DCE, BE (Civil), ME (Civil-Environmental Engineering) Lecturer, SIT'S Sou. Venutai Chavan Polytechnic, Pune

Akshay Nalawade ME (Construction & Management), PGP in Project Construction & Infrastructure Business Management Lecturer in MIT Polytechnic, Kothrud, Pune.

Tejaswini Shinde ME (Structure) Lecturer, Padmabhooshan Vasantraodada Patil Institute of Technology, Budhgaon, Miraj, Sangali,

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An Up-Thrust for Knowledge

(i)

Building Planning & Drawing Subject Code : 22405 S.Y. Diploma Semester - IV Civil Engineering Group (CE / CR / CS)

First Edition : January 2019 Second Revised Edition : January 2020

ã Copyright with Authors All publishing rights (printed and ebook version) reserved with Technical Publications. No part of this book should be reproduced in any form, Electronic, Mechanical, Photocopy or any information storage and retrieval system without prior permission in writing, from Technical Publications, Pune.

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ISBN 978-93-332-0061-5

9 789333 200615 9789333200615 [2]

MSBTE I (ii)

Syllabus Building Planning and Drawing (22405) Teaching Scheme

Examination Scheme Credit

Theory

Practical

(L+T+P) L

3

T

-

P

4

Paper Hrs.

7

4

Unit

Unit - I Conventions and Symbols (Marks 6)

ESE

PA

Total

ESE

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

Max

Min

70

28

30*

00

100

40

50#

20

50

20

100

40

Topics and Sub - topics

1a.

Draw the conventions, signs and symbols used in given civil engineering drawings.

1b.

Explain the use of various types of lines in the given building drawing.

1d.

Total

Max

Unit Outcomes (UOs) (in cognitive domain)

1c.

PA

Select relevant situation.

scale

in

1.1

Conventions as per IS 962 - 1989, symbols for different materials such as earthwork, brickwork, stonework, concrete, woodwork and glass used in civil engineering.

l.2

Construction, Graphical symbols for door and window, Abbreviations, symbols for sanitary and electrical installations.

1.3

Types of lines - visible lines, centre line, hidden line, section line, dimension line, extension line, pointers, arrow head or dots. Appropriate size of lettering and numerals for Titles, sub titles, notes and dimensions.

1.4

Types of scale - Monumental, Intimate, criteria for Proper Selection of scale for various types of drawing.

1.5

Sizes of various standard papers/sheets.

1.6

Reading and interpreting readymade Architectural building drawing (To be procured from Architect, Planning Consultants, Planning Engineer).

given

Interpret the given drawings for the given civil structures.

(iv)

Unit - II Planning of Building (Marks 18)

2a.

Apply the norms for minimum dimensions to various units in a given residential building.

2b.

Describe rules and bye laws of governing authority in a given area for construction.

2c.

2d.

3a.

Unit - III Drawing of Load Bearing Structure (Marks 16)

Compute built up, carpet and plinth, super built up area for the given building. Draw line plans for the given residential and public buildings.

Draw developed plan, elevation, section, site plan from the given line plan for load bearing residential building.

2.1

Principles of planning of Residential and Public building-Aspect, Prospect, Orientation, Grouping, Privacy, Elegance, Flexibility, Roominess, Circulation, Furniture requirements, Sanitation, Economy.

2.2

Space requirement and norms for minimum dimension of different

2.3

Units in the residential and public buildings as per IS 962 - 1989.

2.4

Rules and bye-laws of sanctioning authorities for construction work.

2.5

Plot area, built up area, super built up area, plinth area, carpet area, floor area and FAR (Floor Area Ratio)/FSI.

2.6

Line plans for residential building of minimum three rooms including w/c, bath and staircase as per principles of planning.

2.7

Line plans for public building - school building, primary health centre, restaurant, bank, post office, hostel, Function Hall and Library.

3.1

Drawing of Single storey Load Bearing residential building (2 BHK) with staircase.

3.2

Data drawing - developed plan, elevation, section, site plan, schedule of openings, construction notes with specifications, area statement, Planning and design of staircase Rise and Tread for residential and public building.

3b.

Prepare submission drawing of the given load bearing residential building.

3c.

Prepare working drawing of the given load bearing residential building.

3.3

Prepare foundation plan of the given load bearing residential building.

Working drawing - developed plan, elevation, section passing through staircase of w.c. and bath.

3.4

Foundation plan of Load bearing structure.

3d.

(v)

Unit - IV Drawing of Framed Structure (Marks 18)

4a.

Draw developed plan, elevation, section, site plan from the given line plan for framed structure residential building.

4b.

Prepare submission drawing of the given framed structure residential building.

4c.

Prepare foundation plan of framed structure.

4d.

Draw component parts given framed structure.

4e.

Explain the functions of Draw and modify commands in the given CAD software.

4f.

Unit - V Perspective Drawing (Marks 12)

of

the

Prepare the given drawing in minimum three layers using CAD software.

5a.

Explain the principles of perspective drawings in the given situation.

5b.

Apply the step wise procedure to draw perspective view of the given object.

5c.

Draw perspective drawing of the given object.

(vi)

4.1

Drawing of Two storey Framed Structure (G + 1) residential building (2 BHK) with staircase.

4.2

Data drawing - developed plan, elevation section, site plan, schedule of openings, construction notes with specifications, area statement, Planning and design of staircase. Rise and Tread for residential and public building.

4.3

Working drawing of Framed Structure developed plan, elevation, section passing through staircase or w.c. and bath.

4.4

Foundation plan of Framed Structure.

4.5

Details of RCC footing, column, Chajjas Lintel, Staircase and slab.

4.6

Drawing with CAD - Draw commands, modify commands, layer commands.

5.1

Definition, Types of perspective, terms used in perspective drawing, principles used in perspective drawing.

5.2

Two Point Perspective of small objects only such as steps, monuments pedestals.

Beam,

Table of Contents 2.1.4 Elegance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 3

Unit - I Chapter - 1

2.1.5 Roominess. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 3 2.1.6 Circulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 4

Conventions and Symbols (1 - 1) to (1 - 22)

1.1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 - 1

1.2

Conventions as per IS : 962 - 1989 . . . . . . . . . . 1 - 1

1.3

Selection and Designation of Sizes of Drawing Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 - 1

1.4

Types of Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 - 2

1.5

Conventional Representation of Materials in Section . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 - 3

1.6

Graphical Symbols and its Necessity. . . . . . . . . 1 - 3

2.1.6.1 Horizontal Circulation . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 4 2.1.6.2 Vertical Circulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 4

2.1.7 Furniture Requirements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 4 2.1.8 Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 4 2.1.9 Privacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 4 2.1.9.1 Internal Privacy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 4 2.1.9.2 External Privacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 5

2.1.10 Flexibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 5 2.1.11 Sanitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 6

2.2

1.6.1 Symbols for Windows, Doors, etc . . . . . . . 1 - 4

2.2.1 Objectives / Purpose / Necessity for Bye Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 6

1.6.2 Symbols for Electrical Installation . . . . . . . 1 - 5

2.2.2 Importance of Bye Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 7

1.6.3 Symbols for Sanitary Installations and Fitments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 - 8

1.7

Bye Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 6

Recommended Abbreviations with Symbols where Applicable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 - 11

1.8

Scale. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 - 17

1.9

Lettering (IS 9609 (Part 1) : 2006) . . . . . . . . . 1 - 18

2.3

Terminotologies Associated with Bye Laws . . 2 - 10

2.4

Method of Making Line Plan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 11

2.5

Line Plan of Residential Building . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 11

2.6

Line Plan of Public buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 13 2.6.1 Post Office. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 14 2.6.2 Hostel Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 15

1.10 Units of Dimensioning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 - 19

2.6.2.1 Area Requirements for Hostel Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 19

1.11 Study of Building Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 - 19

2.6.3 Primary Health Center (PHC) . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 20

Question Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 - 22

2.5.3.1 Area Requirements of PHC . . . . . . . 2 - 21

2.6.4 Bank Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 22

Unit - II

2.6.5 Library Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 26

Chapter - 2

2.1

Planning of Building (2 - 1) to (2 - 32)

2.6.6 School Building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 27 2.6.7 Cinema Hall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 27 2.6.8 Hotel / Restaurant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 28

Principles of Planning of Residential and Public Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 1

2.6.9 Line Plan of College Canteen . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 29

2.1.1 Aspect & its Importance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 1

2.6.10 Line Plan for Vegetable Market . . . . . . . . 2 - 30

2.1.2 Prospect & its Importance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 1

Question Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 30

2.1.3 Grouping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 - 3

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(viii)

Unit - III Chapter - 3

Unit - IV

Drawing of Load Bearing Structure (3 - 1) to (3 - 34)

Chapter - 4

Drawing of Framed Structures (4 - 1) to (4 - 32)

3.1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 1

4.1

Working Drawing of Framed Structure . . . . . . . 4 - 1

3.2

Following are the Preliminary Requirement of Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 1

4.2

RCC Details of Structural Section . . . . . . . . . . 4 - 15

4.3

3.3

Following Data are Required in Drawing of a Structure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 1

Foundation Plan of Framed Structure (RCC Foundation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 - 18

4.4

Drawing with CAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 - 23

3.3.1 Developed Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 1

Question Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 - 31

3.3.2 Elevation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 2 3.3.3 Section. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 2

Unit - V

3.3.4 Site Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 4

Chapter - 5

3.3.5 Schedule of Opening. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 5 3.3.6 Construction Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 6 3.3.7 Area Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 6

Perspective Drawing (5 - 1) to (5 - 16)

5.1

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 - 1

5.2

Principle of Perspective View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 - 1

3.4.1 Planning and Designing of Stair . . . . . . . . 3 - 15

5.3

Necessity of Perspective Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . 5 - 1

3.5

Submission Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 17

5.4

Terms Associated with Perspective Drawing . . 5 - 2

3.6

Working Drawing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 18

5.5

Types of Perspective Drawings . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 - 3

3.7

List of Documents Required to Submit for Getting Approval from Sanctioning Authority . . . . . . . 3 - 18

3.3.8 Foundation Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 8

3.4

Planning and Design of Staircase . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 11

5.5.1 One Point Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 - 3 5.5.2 Two Point Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 - 3 5.5.3 Three Point Perspective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 - 3

3.8

Solved Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 19 Question Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 - 27

5.6

Drawing a Perspective View of Given Object. . 5 - 3

5.7

Practice Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 - 5

5.8

Practice Problems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 - 14

Solved Sample Papers

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Building Planning and Drawing

1-1

Conventions and Symbols

UNIT - I

1

Conventions and Symbols

1.1 Introduction 

Drawing is a tool used for communication by engineers and architects. All ideas and innovations are put forward in the form of technical drawings which communicates the whole idea of a particular project.



Civil engineering structures are designed and developed by designers and architects with mutual understandings and feasibilities. These structures designed are laid on drawings which becomes the link of actual written communication between them.



These drawings are further shown to owner and explained how the structures will be. Cost analysis is done by estimators from the same drawings. Furthermore the same drawings are given on site for actual execution where site engineers actually work towards shaping of structure. These drawings are thus a very important connecting link between all people concerned with the structure.



This also underlines the fact that the drawings should have uniformity so that they are used and understood without any inconvenience. For the purpose of same Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) has laid down norms for various aspect of construction drawing. These are known as conventions of building drawing.

1.2 Conventions as per IS : 962 - 1989 

This code lays down the recommendation for sizes, layout, reproduction, folding of prints, scales, projection, line work, lettering and dimensioning, graphical symbols, abbreviation, representation of materials in section, numbering of building, designation of rooms and other areas.

1.3 Selection and Designation of Sizes of Drawing Sheets 

The original drawing should be made on the smallest sheet permitting the necessary clarity and resolution. Designation (1)

Dimension, mm (2)

A0

841 × 1189

A1

594 × 841

A2

420 × 594

A3

297 × 420

A4

210 × 297

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1-2

Conventions and Symbols

1.4 Types of Lines 

Sr. No. 1

All lines shall be clean and black to produce good prints. For details reference shall be made to IS 10714:1983. In cases where other types or thicknesses of line are used for special fields, or if the lines specified in the table are used for applications other than those detailed in the last column of the table, the conventions adopted must be indicated or explained by notes on the drawing concerned. Type of Line Visible

Symbol Continous thick

Necessity These lines should be outstanding in

outline

Thickness - 0.6 mm to 1.30 mm

appearance. These lines are used to show wall thickness, plot boundary, proposed structure etc. Thickness may be 0.6 mm to1.3 mm.

2

Center line

Chain thin

These lines are used to show centre. Thickness 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm.

e.g. Center line of column, centre line of wall or window etc. Alternate long and short dashes are used in proportion of 6:1 or 4:1.

3

Section line

Chain thin double dashed

It is cutting plane on which a section

with thick at ends

has been taken. It should be indicated Thickness 0.6 mm to 1.0 mm

by a thick long dash and two short dashes alternately and evenly spaced and lettered at ends.

4

Dimension

Continous thin (straight or

line

cuved)

These lines are used to show Thickness 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm.

dimensions of structure. Thin full line is used in contrast with heavier visible outlines to show dimension

5

Extension

Continous thin (straight or

Light and thin lines are drawn from

line

cuved)

the extremities of feature to which dimensions has to be given. It should not touch the feature.

6

Hidden line

Dashed thin

These lines are used to show interior Thickness 0.4 mm to 0.5 mm

or hidden portions e.g. slab projection, chajja projection, loft, truss etc. It consists of small dashes evenly spaced.

7

Pointer line

Continous thin with

When space is insufficient to write a

arrowhead

note or dimension near the feature, pointer lines are drawn from the note or dimension to show where it applies. TM

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Break line

1-3

Conventions and Symbols

Continous thin free hand

Short break lines are free hand

Continous thin with

drawn. To show continuity of the

zigzag

object, long break line or short break line is used.

The arrowhead at the ends of dimension line and pointer line can be of various types. But the same arrowhead should be used in the entire drawing. In certain cases small inclined line or circle may be drawn at the end of dimension line instead of arrowheads.

 

1.5

Conventional Representation of Materials in Section

The standard symbols for indicating different materials in section are given in the following Table 1.5.1. Where any confusion is likely to occur in the interpretation of drawings, hatching or colouring shall be used.



Material

Symbol

Colour

Brick work

Vermilion

Concrete

Hookers green

Natural or reconstructed

Cobalt blue

stone, UCR, CR Partition blocks

Paynes grey

Wood

Burnt sienna

Earth

Sepia

Hardcore

Yellow ochre or chrome yellow Green

Plaster and plaster .

products

Applicable to large

Glass

Blue

scales only Sepia

Fibre building board and insulation board Metal sections

Black Table 1.5.1

1.6 Graphical Symbols and its Necessity 

Symbols are in constant use on small-scale drawings and it is considered that time would be saved and confusion avoided if a standard range of symbols is extensively used. TM

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

1-4

Conventions and Symbols

Thus Bureau of Indian standards (B.I.S) recommends the conventional signs and symbols for following purposes. 1. Avoid confusion and to understand the drawings. 2. Save the time in making out various details in the drawing. 3. Identify the various details of materials, electrical fixtures, water-supply and sanitary fittings, Position of furniture’s etc. 4. To prevent any dispute between contractor and owner in the actual construction of the structure. Careful attention shall be given to the size of these symbols, having due regard to the scale of the drawings. Wherever practicable, they shall be drawn to scale. Some symbols may have to be slightly enlarged for the purpose of clear indication.

1.6.1 Symbols for Windows, Doors, etc 

Generally, window openings shall be defined in elevation and doors, screens and sliding windows on the plan. Symbols for windows are shown in Fig. 1.6.1. The point or apex of two lines crossing the ventilator or casement indicates the hinged side.

Windows

Fig. 1.6.1 Graphical symbols for doors and windows TM

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Note :

1-5

Conventions and Symbols

Not all symbols are necessary from exam (MSBTE) point of view. For regularly asked symbols and abbreviations Please refer Question Bank.

1.6.2 Symbols for Electrical Installation

Name

Symbol

Name

Main fuse - board without switches, lighting

Counterweight pendant

Main fuse - board with switches, lighting

Rod pendant

Main fuse - board without switches, power

Chain pendant

Main fuse - board with switches, power

Light bracket

Light plugs

Batten lampholder

Power plug

Water - tight light fitting

Distribution fuse - board without switches,

Bulk - head fitting

lighting Distribution fuse - board with switches, lighting

Power factor capacitor (when installed remote from the lamp unit) Fluorescent light (single)

Distribution fuse - board without switches, power Distribution fuse - board with switches, power

. Fluorescent light (double)

Main switches, lighting

Lighting outlet connection to an emergency system

Main switches, power

Choke (when installed remote from the lamp unit)

Meter

One - way switch

Single light pendent

Two - way switch Intermediate switch Pendant switch Pull switch

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Symbol

Building Planning and Drawing

1-6

Name

Conventions and Symbols

Symbol

Name

Socket - outlet, 2 pin 5 amp

Bell push

Socket - outlet, 3 pin 5 amp

Bell

Socket - outlet and switch combined, 2 pin 5 amp

Buzzer

Socket - outlet and switch combined, 3 pin 5 amp

Indicator (at ‘N’, insert number of ways)

Socket - outlet, 2 pin 15 amp

Telephone instrument point public service.

Socket - outlet, 3 pin 15 amp

Socket - outlet and switch combined, 2 pin 15

Telephone instrument point

amp

internal

Socket - outlet and switch combined, 3 pin 15

Telephone cable distribution

amp

board public service.

Convection heater

Electric unit heater .

Immersion heater

Telephone cable distribution board internal

Thermostat Immersion heater with incorporated thermostat

Telephone private exchange public service

Self – contained electric water heater Humidistat

Telephone private exchange or internal

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Symbol

Building Planning and Drawing

1-7

Name

Conventions and Symbols

Symbol

Name

* Relay (at ‘N’, insert the number of ways)

Aerial

Synchronous clock outlet

Ceiling fan

Impulse clock outlet

Bracket fan

Master clock

Exhaust fan

Fire alarm push

Fan regulator

Automatic contact

Cooker control unit

Bell connected to fire alarm

Earth point

Fire alarm indicator (at ‘N’, insert number of

Surge diverter

ways) Amplifier

Pilot or corridor lamp

Control board

Indicator (buzzer may be added, if required)

Microphone outlet

Relay

Loudspeaker outlet

Reset position

Receiver outlet

Horn or hooter Siren

Fig. 1.6.2 Symbols for electrical Installations

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Symbol