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Á`m§À`m‘wio ho nwñVH$ {b{hÊ`mMr àoaUm ‘bm {‘imbr, Vo ‘mPo dS>rb, gmobr gmoam~Or, ‘bm Zoh‘rM àmoËgmhZ XoUmar ‘mPr AmB©, ‘bm gVV nmqR>~m XoUmao Am{U ‘mÂ`m~Ôb A{^‘mZ ~miJUmao ‘mPo nVr, O`Xod, Am{U Á`m§À`m {Zì`m©O ào‘m‘wio ‘bm Zoh‘rM MmbZm {‘iVo, Aem ‘mÂ`m VrZ amOH$Ý`m, A§Obr, AmaVr Am{U A{XVr, `m§Zm-

G$U{ZX}e H$mhr ‘mUgm§À`m ‘XVr{edm` ho nwñVH$ {b{hUo eŠ` Pmbo ZgVo. gd©gmYmaU ‘mUgmMo Am`wî` Am{U H$m`Xm `m§À`mV Xþdm gmYUmao Aem nÕVrMo EImXo nwñVH$ {b{hÊ`mMr ‘yi H$ënZm hr emo^m S>o `m§Mr. ‘w{XVm Mm¡hmZ-‘w~m`r, ‘mYdr nwamo{hV, ehZmP qgJmnmo[a`m d n|½drZ ~wŠg, B§{S>`mMo g§nmXH$s` ‘§S>i `m§Zr ho nwñVH$ OmñVrVOmñV dmMH$m§n`ªV nmohmoMmdo åhUyZ dma§dma Cn`w³V gyMZm Ho$ë`m. qMVZ M§ÐMyS> `m§Mo H$m`ÚmÀ`m g§~Y§ mVbo {dñV¥V d ì`mnH$ g§emoYZ d ‘gwXm V`ma H$aÊ`mMo CÎm‘ H$m¡eë` `m‘wio ho nwñVH$ H$ënZoVyZ dmñVdmV `oD$ eH$bo- Ë`m§Mr ‘r AË`§V F$Ur Amho. OrV lm°’$ Am{U [afrH$m hare `m§Zrhr `m nwñVH$mÀ`m àH$meZm‘Ü`o n[al‘nyd©H$ gmhmæ` Ho$bo, Ë`m§Mrhr ‘r ‘ZmnmgyZ Am^mar Amho.

AZwH«$‘{UH$m àñVmdZm 9 Cng§hma 11 EH$ ‘yi/‘yb^yV àd¥Îmr : AmYw{ZH$ KQ>ZmË‘H$ ݶm¶VÎdemómÀ¶m àdmgmVrb EH$ ‘¡bmMm XJS> Ho$gdmZ§X ^maVr {d. ñQ>oQ> Am°’$ Ho$ai (1973) 17 XmoZ OrdZmMm IimiVm àdmh : OZVoMm {dídmg g§nmXZ H$aʶmMr gdm}ƒ ݶm¶mb¶mbm {‘imbobr g§Yr ‘ZoH$m Jm§Yr {d. `w{Z`Z Am°’$ B§{S>`m (1978) 41 VrZ H$m`Xm Hw$UmMm? : Ym{‘©H$ ‘ybVÎddmXmÀ`m A§YmadmQ>odarb H$dS>gm ‘mohå‘X Ah‘X ImZ {d. ehm ~mZmo ~oJ‘ (1985) 57 Mma Hw$Ur Ka XoVm H$m Ka? : {Zdmè`mÀ`m h¸$mgma»`m Xþæ`‘ ñVamdarb h¸$m§Mm CX` AmoëJm Q>o{bg {d. ~m°å~o å`w{Z{gnb H$m°nm}aoeZ (1985) 79 nmM Ý`m`XmZmVrb {db§~ : H$m`Úm‘wio Pmbobo ZwH$gmZ `w{Z`Z H$m~m©B©S> H$m°nm}aoeZ {d. `w{Z`Z Am°’$ B§{S>`m (1989) 93

ghm ‘r Vw‘À¶mnojm OmñV ‘mJmg Amho, hmo! : AmajUmMr H$hmUr B§Ðm gmhZr {d. `w{Z`Z Am°’$ B§{S>`m (1992) 111 gmV H$moR>S>rVrb ‘¥Ë¶y : {dídmgKmV Am{U ˶mMr qH$‘V Zrbm~Vr ~oham {d. ñQ>oQ> Am°\$ Amo[agm (1993) 129 AmR>

Ý`m`nm{bHo$Mr ñdV§ÌVm : ^maVr¶ amÁ¶KQ>Zobm A{^àoV Agbobr ݶm¶g§ñWm gwàr‘ H$moQ>© A°S>ìhmoHo$Q²>g Am°Z aoH$m°S>© Agmo{gEeZ {d. `w{Z`Z Am°’$ B§{S>`m (1993) 155

ZD$ H$m‘mÀ¶m {R>H$mUr hmoUmam b¢{JH$ N>i {demH$m {d. ñQ>oQ> Am°\$ amOñWmZ (1997) 177 Xhm ‘bm gwImZo ‘ê$ Úm! : ^maVmVrb BÀN>m‘aUmMm dmX AéUm am_M§Ð emZ~mJ {d. `w{Z`Z Am°’$ B§{S>`m (2011) 195

àñVmdZm Ý`m`g§ñWm hr emgZmMr gdm©V Xþ~ir emIm Amho, Ago H$moUo EHo$ H$mir g‘Obo OmB©. Zm YZmMo Zm VbdmarMo, H$gboM gm‘Ï`© `m emIo‘mJo ZìhVo. nU hr g‘OyV bdH$aM ImoQ>r R>abr. Am{U `mMm gdm}Îm‘ nwamdm åhUOo `m nwñVH$mV Á`m§À`m~Ôb MMm© Am{U {díbofU Ho$bobo Amho, Vo Xhm Ý`m`mb`rZ {ZH$mb. Ý`m`mb`mZo Á`m doir ho {ZH$mb {Xbo, Ë`mM doir `mn¡H$s ~hþVoH$ {ZH$mbm§Mr R>iH$nUo XIb KoVbr Jobr hmoVr. MmH$moar ‘moS>Umao Am{U amï´>mda gImob N>mn Q>mH$Umao Ý`m`mb`rZ {ZH$mb, åhUyZ Vo ‘moR>çm à‘mUmda M{M©bo Jobo. nU EdT>m H$mi CbQy>Z Joë`mdahr Ë`m§Mr MMm© hmoV amhVo, `mdê$ZM Vo AOyZhr {H$Vr g‘n©H$ AmhoV hoM {gÕ hmoVo. 1950 ‘ܶo bmJy Pmbobr amÁ`KQ>Zm hr ^maVr` bmoH$emhrMr H$moZ{ebm R>abr. KQ>Zm bmJy Pmë`mZ§Va AZoH$ KQ>ZmXþéñË`m Pmë`m. KQ>ZoVrb VaVwXtMm AÝd`mW© bmdVmZm gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mMm eãX A§{V‘ ‘mZbm OmVmo. gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mZo ZmdrÝ`nyU©VoZo d gO©ZerbVoZo KQ>ZoVrb VaVwXtMm AÝd`mW© bmdVmZm Zoh‘rM Amnë`m KQ>ZmË‘H$ A{YH$mam§Mo d ‘yb^yV ñdmV§Í`m§Mo ajU Ho$bobo Amho. Ho$gdmZ§X ^maVr {d. ñQ>oQ> Am°’$ Ho$ai (EAm`Ama 1973 Eggr 1461) ‘Yrb gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mMm {ZH$mb hm EH$‘odm{ÛVr` Agm Amho. `m {ZH$mbmZo KQ>ZoÀ`m ‘yi AmamIS>çmMo VÎd {dH${gV Ho$bo. KQ>ZoÀ`m nm`m^yV d¡{eï>çm§er- ‘yi AmamIS>çmer {dg§JV AgUmè`m KQ>ZmXþéñË`mgwÕm Ad¡Y R>adVm `oVrb, ho `m {ZH$mbmZo AYmoaopIV Ho$bo. Q>oZ OO‘|Q²>g & 9

gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mZo Amnë`m àXrK© Am{U àg§Jr AñdñW B{VhmgmV Á`mÁ`m doir Amnbr ^y{‘H$m CÎm‘arË`m {Z^mdbr, Aem H$mhr bjUr` jUm§Mr R>iH$ CXmhaUo ho nwñVH$ Xe©dVo. `m nwñVH$mV d{U©boë`m Xhm {ZH$mbm§Mm AH¥${Ì‘ Am{U {ZUm©`H$ R>gm g‘mO‘Zmda H$m`‘M amhrb. Ho$di ‘hÎdmMo nyd©{ZU©` åhUyZM Zìho; Va AË`§V VmVS>rÀ`m ‘wÔçm§da gd© Ý`m`mb`m§da d A{YH$mar ì`³Vtda ~§YZH$maH$ AgUmam H$m`Xm {Z{‘©ë`m~Ôbhr `m {ZU©`m§Mr àe§gm Ho$br OmB©b. H$m`Xm H$gm dmnabm OmVmo d H$m`ÚmMr à{H«$`m H$er AgVo, `m Jmoï>r gd©gmYmaUnUo H$m`Xm-ì`mdgm{`H$m§À`m AIË`marVrb ~m~r g‘Oë`m OmVmV. na§Vw Amnë`mgma»`m àJë^ àOmgÎmmH$m‘Ü`o `m Jmoï>r gd©gm‘mÝ` ‘mUgmbmhr g‘OUo JaOoMo Amho. `m C{Ôï>mÀ`m {XeoZo `m nwñVH$mZo EH$ nmD$b nwT>o Q>mH$bo Amho. bopIHo$Zo Ho$di Ý`m`mb`rZ {ZH$mbm§daM bj H|${ÐV Ho$bobo Zmhr; Va Ë`m doiMr gm‘m{OH$, gm§ñH¥${VH$ n[apñWVr, Ë`m IQ>ë`mÀ`m AZwf§JmZo KS>Umè`m KQ>Zm d Ë`mg§~§YrÀ`m OZgm‘mÝ`m§À`m d emgZmÀ`m à{V{H«$`m `m§Mm g§X^© KoD$Z àË`oH$ {ZH$mbmMo {díbofU Ho$bo Amho. Ë`mM~amo~a {ZH$mbmVrb H$m`Xoera ~m~tMm D$hmnmoh Ho$bm Amho. ho H$aV AgVmZm ^mfoV H$m`Xoera pŠbï>Vm `oUma Zmhr d Vr dmMH$m§gmR>r Xþ~m}Y hmoUma Zmhr, `mMr H$miOr bopIHo$Zo KoVbr Amho. {P`m ‘moXr `m§Zr Ho$bobo ho {ZH$mbm§Mo gwaoI {díbofU Ho$di H$m`Xmì`mdgm{`H$m§ZmM Zìho; Va gm§gXm§Zm, H$m`Xm{ejH$m§Zm, {dÚmÏ`mªZm Am{U Á`m§Zm Amnë`m ~bembr gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`m~Ôb d `m {ZH$mbm§À`m n[aUm‘m§~Ôb A{YH$ OmUyZ KoÊ`mMr CËgwH$Vm Amho, Ë`m gdmªgmR>r ho nwñVH$ {ZpíMVM Cn`w³V R>aob, Aer ‘mPr ImVar Amho. - gmobr Oo. gmoam~Or ^maVmMo ‘mOr ‘hmÝ`m`à{V{ZYr (’$m°‘©a A°Q>Zu-OZab Am°’$ B§{S>`m)

10 & Q>oZ OO‘|Q²>g

CnmoX²KmV gmh{OH$M `m nwñVH$mÀ`m erf©H$mdê$Z `m nwñVH$m‘Yrb {bImUm{df`r ~è`mM A§er A§XmO `oVmo. ‘mPr Aer ImVar Amho, H$s ^maVr`m§Zm AOyZhr Oa H$em~Ôb {ZVm§V {dídmg Am{U A{^‘mZ Agob, Va Vr Jmoï> åhUOo Ë`m§Mr Ý`m`g§ñWm Amho. Amnë`m XoemVrb d[að>V‘ Ý`m`nrR>mH$Sy>Z åhUOo gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mH$Sy>Z Amnë`mbm Ý`m` {‘imdm hr gm‘mÝ` ‘mUgmÀ`m gwá AmH$m§jm§n¡H$s EH$ AgVo. ~w{ÕOrdr dJm©gmR>r ho EH$ Ago ì`mgnrR> Amho, OoWo amOZ¡{VH$, H$m`©nm{bHo$er g§~§{YV Aem dmXm§Mo ‘moO‘mn hmoVo, d Ë`m§g§~§Yr {ZU©` XoÊ`mV `oVmo. Amnë`m Hw$eb, ì`mdhm[aH$ Ñ{ï>H$moZ Agboë`m d ñd`§à[o aV Aem Ý`m`g§ñWoZo doimodi o r ^maVr` amÁ`KQ>Z‘o Ü`o H$gm Ord AmoVbm Amho, ho nmhVmZm Am‘À`mn¡H$s Iyn OUm§Mo, {deofV: H$m`Xmì`mdgm{`H$m§Mo A§V:H$aU A{^‘mZmZo ^ê$Z `oVo. ~mobÊ`mMo d A{^ì`³VrMo ñdmV§Í`, Ý`m` {‘idÊ`mgmR>r XmX ‘mJÊ`mMm A{YH$ma, ‘VXmZmMm h¸$ d Amnë`m Y‘m©Mo nmbZ H$aÊ`mMo ñdmV§Í¶ `m§gma»`m Jmoï>r, Á`m {‘imì`mV åhUyZ BVa XoemVrb ZmJ[aH$ OrdmMm AmQ>m{nQ>m H$aVmV, Ë`m Jmoï>r AmnU bmoH$emhr‘Ü`o J¥hrV YaVmo. `m g§X^m©V H$m`ÚmÀ`m àË`oH$ VéU {dÚmÏ`m©bm bmoH$emhr emgZnÕVrVrb Ý`m`g§ñWoMo ñdmdb§{~Ëd Am{U ‘hÎd {ZpíMVM H$iyZ `oB©b. `m nwñVH$mgmR>r Xhm ‘hÎdnyU© Ý`m`mb`rZ {ZU©` {ZdS>Uo ho gmono H$m‘ ZìhVo. H$moUVo {ZU©` dJim`Mo ho R>adUo gdm©V AdKS> hmoVo. H$maU Ago {H$VrVar ‘hÎdnyU©, Q>oZ OO‘|Q²>g & 11

n[aUm‘H$maH$ Ý`m`mb`rZ {ZU©` AmhoV, Á`m‘wio ^maV^amVrb H$moQ>çdYr bmoH$m§À`m ‘yb^yV ñdmV§Í`mda n[aUm‘ Pmbm. {H$Ë`oH$ doim Amåhr Agm à`ËZ Ho$bm H$s {ZdS>boë`m {ZU©`m‘Ü`o Xþgè`m ‘hÎdnyU© {ZH$mbmMm C„oI H$ê$Z Ë`mda ^mî` Ho$bo. CXmhaUmW©, E.S>r.E‘. O~bnya {d. {edH$m§V ewŠbm (EAm`Ama 1976 Eggr 1207) `m {ZU©`m~ÔbMr MMm©, ‘ZoH$m Jm§Yr {d. `w{Z`Z Am°’$ B§{S>`m (‘ZoH$m Jm§Yr) (àH$aU 2)‘Ü`o Ho$bobr Amho. Eg. nr. Jwám {d. ào{gS>oÊQ> Am°’$ B§{S>`m (EAm`Ama 1982 Eggr 149) `m {ZH$mbm~ÔbMr MMm© gwàr‘ H$moQ>© A°S>ìhmoHo$Q²>g Am°Z aoH$m°S²>©g {d. `w{Z`Z Am°’$ B§{S>`m (EAm`Ama 1994 Eggr 268) `m {ZH$mbmMo {díbofU H$aUmè`m àH$aUmV (àH$aU 8 ‘ܶo) Ho$bobr Amho. {‘Zìhm© {‘ëg {d. `w{Z`Z Am°’$ B§{S>`m (EAm`Ama 1980 Eggr 1789) VgoM Am`. Ama. H$moEëhmo {d. ñQ>oQ> Am°’$ Vm{‘iZmSy> (EAm`Ama 2007 Eggr 861) `m XmoÝhr {ZH$mbm§Mo {díbofU Ho$gdmZ§X ^maVr {d. ñQ>oQ> Am°’$ Ho$ai (EAm`Ama 1973 Eggr 1461) `m {ZH$mbmdarb àH$aU 1 ‘Ü`o Ho$bobo Amho. H$moUË`mhr ‘hÎdnyU© {ZH$mbmbm H$bmQ>Ur XoUmam qH$dm MmH$moar~mhoaMm {ZH$mb R>adÊ`mH$aVm Ë`mbm EH$ R>iH$ KQ>ZmË‘H$ ~mOy AgUo Amdí`H$ hmoVo. 1947 Vo 2011 `m 64 dfmªÀ`m N>moQ>çm H$mimV Amnë`m amÁ`KQ>ZoV ‘moR>çm à‘mUmda KQ>ZmXþéñË`m Pmë`m Am{U ~è`mn¡H$s {dñV¥V à‘mUmV {VMm AÝd`mW© bmdbm Jobm. ho gd© hmoV AgVmZm KQ>ZmH$mam§Zm Ano{jV Agbobr EImXr Jmoï> dJibrhr Jobr Agob, nU EH§$XarV gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mZo KQ>ZoÀ`m ‘yi AmamIS>çmMr Ho$bobr OnUyH$ nmhÿZ Ë`m§Zm {ZpíMVM A{^‘mZ dmQ>bm AgVm. `m Xhm {ZH$mbm§n¡H$s àË`oH$ {ZH$mb bmoH$emhr emgZnÕVrVrb Ý`m`mb`mMr ‘Ü`dVu ^y{‘H$m Xe©dVmo. `mVrb H$mhr {ZH$mb ho AmUr~mUrÀ`m AmYrÀ`m d Z§VaÀ`m B§{Xam Jm§Yr amOdQ>rMm n[aUm‘ åhUyZ ApñVËdmV Ambobo AmhoV. hm H$mi Ý`m`mb`m§gmR>r KQ>ZmË‘H$ noMàg§Jm§Mm d A{Ve` doXZm‘` hmoVm. amOH$s` XS>nUm§Mm gm‘Zm H$aV Amnbr VÎdo gm§^miVmZm Ý`m`mb`mMr ’$a’$Q> Pmbr. VWm{n, bmoH$emhrMm nwañH$ma H$aUmao Ý`m`emó (Ý`m`mb`rZ {ZH$mb), Á`m§À`mda ~mobÊ`mÀ`m Am{U Or{dVmÀ`m ñdmV§Í`mMm d KQ>ZoÀ`m BVa AmZwf§{JH$ nm`m^yV gwajmH$dMm§Mm Z nwgVm `oUmam {e¸$m Amho, ho gVV VodV amhUmè`m nWXe©H$ {Xì`mgmaIo Amho. AmUr~mUrZo gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mbm Iyn H$R>rU YS>o {eH$dbo. `m YS>çm§‘Yrb {ZXmZ H$mhr YS>çm§Mr Var nwZamd¥Îmr hmoD$ Z`o, hmhr Ë`m H$R>rU YS>çm§‘Ybm EH$ YS>m hmoVm. `m gd© Jmoï>t‘YyZ g‘mOmVrb ~w{ÕOrdr dJm©gmR>r Am{U gd©gm‘mÝ` 12 & Q>oZ OO‘|Q²>g

‘mUgm§gmR>r EH$ dñVwpñWVr ñnï>nUo g‘moa Ambr. Vr åhUOo Ý`m`mb`m§H$Sy>ZM Amnë`mbm {Xbmgm {‘iy eH$Vmo. `m Xhm IQ>ë`m§n¡H$s Mma IQ>bo {ó`m§^modVr H|${ÐV AmhoV. ‘ZoH$m Jm§Yr IQ>bm, ‘mohååX Ah‘X ImZ {d. emh~mZmo ~oJ‘ (EAm`Ama 1985 Eggr 945), {demH$m {d. ñQ>oQ> Am°’$ amOñWmZ (EAm`Ama 1997 Eggr 3011) d AéUm am‘M§Ð emZ~mJ {d. `w{Z`Z Am°’$ B§{S>`m ((2011)1 EggrEEbB 673) ho Vo {ZH$mb AmhoV. `m§‘YyZ ^maVr` {ó`m§Mr ’$³V emoH$m§{VH$mM à{Vq~{~V hmoV Zmhr, Va `mda Cnm` emoYÊ`mgmR>r ^maVr` Ý`m`emómMr OS>UKS>U H$er Pmbr, ho hr {XgyZ `oVo. na§Vw XþX£dmZo {ó`m§{df`rMm g‘mOmV KÅ> éObobm nma§n[aH$ d gm§ñH¥${VH$ ^oX^md g‘yi Zï> H$aÊ`mgmR>r AOyZ Iyn añVm Amnë`mbm MmbyZ Om`Mm Amho, ho dmñVd Amho. `m {ZH$mbm§n¡H$s Iyn {ZH$mb Am§Vaamï´>r` nmVirda à^mdr R>abobo AmhoV. doJdoJù`m Xoem§‘Ü`o, {deofH$ê$Z X{jU Am{e`mVrb Xoem§‘Ü`o `m {ZH$mbm§Mo XmIbo {Xbo Jobo AmhoV. AmoëJm Q>o{bg {d. ~m°å~o å`w{Z{gnb H$m°nm}aoeZ (EAm`Ama 1986 Eggr 180) `m nXnW{Zdmgr`m§À`m h¸$m§er {ZJ{S>V {ZH$mb Va ^maVmnojm naXoemV OmñV à^mdr R>abm. `mn¡H$s Iyngo {ZH$mb ho e§^a nmZm§hÿZhr OmñV àXrK© AmhoV. nU Ý`m`mÀ`m XOm©er VS>OmoS> H$aÊ`mnojm {ZH$mb eãX~§~mi qH$dm nmëhmirH$ (OoWo àË`oH$ ‘wÔçmMo Vnerbdma, {dñVmamZo {ddaU Ho$bobo Amho) {ZpíMVM Mm§Jbo. Q>r‘ AÊUm hOmaoZr ^maVmVrb H$moQ>çdYr bmoH$m§À`m ^mdZoMr AMyH$ nH$S>bobr Zg, bmoH$nmb {~bmMm g§gXoV ‘m§S>bm Jobobm àñVmd (Á`m‘Ü`o ^maVm‘Ü`o ’$mo’$mdboë`m ^«ï>mMmambm Amim ~gmdm åhUyZ ^«ï>mMma{damoYr VH«$matMr N>mZZr H$aUmè`m A{YH$mè`mMr Zo‘UyH$ H$aÊ`mMr VaVyX Amho) `m§gma»`m ^maVmVrb VmÁ`m KS>m‘moS>r bmoH$emhrMo ~rO g‘mO‘Zm‘Ü`o, {deofH$ê$Z ‘Ü`‘dJm©‘Ü`o {H$Vr Imobda d KÅ> éObobo Amho, hoM Xe©dVmV. AmJm‘r H$mimV gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mMr ^y{‘H$m A{YH$ ‘hÎdmMr, AmJ«hr, Am{U {ZUm©`H$ AgUma Amho, Ago åhQ>ë`mg MwH$sMo R>aUma Zmhr.

Q>oZ OO‘|Q²>g & 13

14 & Q>oZ OO‘|Q²>g

AZwdmXH$mMo ‘ZmoJV nwñVH$ñdê$nmV `oUmam hm ‘mPm n{hbm AZwdmX. {P`m ‘moXr `m§Zr AË`§V AmoKdË`m ^mfoV {díbofU Ho$bobo ho Xhm {ZH$mb. ‘yi B§p½be ^mfoVrb ^md AMyH$ nH$Sy>Z Vmo ‘amR>rV OgmÀ`m Vgm AmUUo ho AmìhmZmË‘H$ H$m‘ AgVo. nU {P`m ‘moXr `m§À`m MnIb eãXm§À`m Am{U dmŠàMmam§À`m dmnam‘wio Vo ~aoM gmono Pmbo. ‘r ñdV: H$m`ÚmMr àmÜ`m{nH$m Agë`mZo ‘bm ho ^mfm§Va Ho$ë`mMm ì`p³VJV ’$m`Xm Pmbm. A{Ve` ‘hÎdmÀ`m Ý`m`mb`rZ {ZH$mbm§Mo d Ë`mV M{M©ë`m Joboë`m H$m`ÚmMo d g§~§{YV KQ>Zm§Mo gwb^VoZo {ddaU {P`m ‘moXr `m§Zr Ho$bo Amho, Ë`mMm H$m`ÚmÀ`m {ejH$m§Zm d {dÚmÏ`mªZm {ZpíMVM ’$m`Xm hmoB©b. àmñVm{dH$mV ‘m. gmobr gmoam~Or `m§Zr åhQ>ë`mà‘mUo Ho$di H$m`Xm d {ZH$mb `m§À`mnwaVoM ho {díbofU ‘`m©{XV Z amhVm Ë`m AZwf§JmZo KS>boë`m KQ>Zm§dahr bopIH$m ^mî` H$aVo. Ë`m‘wio àË`oH$ {ZH$mbmMr nmíd©^y‘r Am{U Ë`mMm Z§Va Pmbobm n[aUm‘hr H$iVmo d Ë`m {ZH$mbmMo gdmªJmZo AmH$bZ hmoVo. ho Xhm Ý`m`mb`rZ {ZH$mb ^maVmÀ`m OS>UKS>UrV ‘mobmMr H$m‘{Jar ~OmdVmV. `m OS>UKS>UrVbo Amnë`m Ý`m`mb`mMo `moJXmZ d Ë`mVrb H$m`ÚmMr ~mOy OmUyZ KoUo ho ^maVmÀ`m gwOmU ZmJ[aH$m§gmR>r ‘hÎdmMo Amho. gmh{OH$M ho nwñVH$ ‘amR>rV Amë`m‘wio dmMH$g§»`m dmTy>Z OmñVrVOmñV bmoH$m§n`ªV nmohmoMUma Amho. J«m‘rU ^mJmVyZ `oUmè`m {dÚmÏ`mªZmhr Ë`m§À`mgmR>r AË`§V ‘hÎdmMo AgUmao ho {ZH$mb A{YH$ n[aUm‘H$maH$VoZo g‘OmdyZ KoVm `oUma AmhoV. `m H$maUm§‘wio gH$miMm hm CnH«$‘ A{Ve` ñVwË` R>aVmo. Q>oZ OO‘|Q²>g & 15