Pohs‚ ka-hm-Iy-߃

jeevante samavakyangal sabu jose first edition december 2014 typesetting & published chintha publishers, thiruvananthapuram printed at Repro India Ltd, Mumbai. cover prasoon price rupees one hundred and twenty five only

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tZim-`n-am\n _p°v lukv H O Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw-˛695 035 phone: 0471-2303026, 6063026 www.chinthapublishers.com [email protected] {_m©p-Iƒ slÕm-^okv {_m©v Ip∂p-Ipgn ÃmNyp Xncp-h\ - ¥ - ] - pcw sI Fkv B¿ Sn kn _kv tÃj≥ Be-∏p-g sI Fkv B¿ Sn kn _kv tÃj≥ Fd-Wm-Ip-fw Nn‰q¿ tdmUv Fd-Wm-Ipfw a®n-߬ sebv≥ Xriq¿ sF Pn tdmUv tImgn-t°m-Sv amhq¿ tdmUv tImgn-t°mSv F≥ Pn H bqWn-b≥ _n¬UnMv IÆq¿ sk≥{S¬ _kv sS¿an-\¬ tImwπIvkv Xmh-°c IÆq¿

CO - VV - 109 / 2094 / 3507

Pohs‚ ka-hm-Iy-߃

km_p tPmkv

Nn¥ ]ªntjgvkv Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cw-˛695 035

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125

km_p tPmkv A≤ym-]I≥,- im-kv{- XteJI≥.- aebm-fØn-se H´p-an° B\p- I m- e n- I ßfn- e pw- C˛am- K kn- \ p- I fn- e pw- im- k v {XteJ\߃- Fgp-Xp-∂p.- ho-Sv- tIm-gn-t°m-Sv- Pn-√bn-se ]p-Xp-∏m-Sn.- Ct∏mƒ- hb\m-´n¬- Xm-akn-°p-∂p.- ]p-Xp-∏m-SnKh.-sslkvI - qƒ,- tIm-gn-t°m-S-v tZhKn-cn- tIm-tfPv,- hb\m-S-v Ub‰v- F∂n-hn-Sßfn¬- hn-Zym-`ym-kw.- tIcf AtaNz¿Bkvt- {Sm-Wta¿-k- v Hm¿-Kss\tkj≥- (AASTRO KERALA),im-kv-{Xkm-ln-Xy- ]cn-jØv- F∂o- kw-LS\Ifn¬Aw-KXzw-. hnemkw

Phone email

: a‰Øn¬ta∏m-Sn- ]n-H hb\m-Sv- ˛ 673577 : 9656363145 : [email protected]

D≈-S°w {]km-[-I-°p-dn∏v apJ-hpc AhXm-cn-I \£{X°Æp-≈h¿-°v...-.. A√... \mw X-\n®√! A\y-{K-l-th-´ N-cn-{X-Øn-eqsS FIv-tkm-πm-\-‰pIƒ A\y-{K-l-th-´-: im-kv-{Xo-b co-XnIƒ Poh-s‚ k-a-hm-Iy߃ `uta-X-c Poh≥ Poh≥ ku-c-bq-Y-Øn¬ sk‰n A\y-{K-l-th-´-bv-°v A-km-[m-c-W Zq-c-Z¿-in-\n-Iƒ lm¿-]v-kv hn-Zybpw A¬-^m sk-t‚m-dn kn-Ãhpw ^yq-j≥ tdm-°-‰pIƒ \yq-¢n-b¿ F-©n-\p-Iƒ bm-Ym¿-Yy-am-Ip-∂p Ce{Œn-Iv s{]m-]¬j≥ thm-tb-P¿ Po-h≥ Xn-c-bp-∂p ku-c-bq-Y-Øn-\p-a-∏p-dw! F¬ F-kv F-kv Sn-bpw B-Im-i -sk≥-k-kpw C-˛-F¬-‰v Xn-c-bp-∂p, `u-ta-X-c Po-h≥! tdm-sk-‰ hm¬-\-£-{X-Øn-te°v Poh-s‚ K¿-`Kr-l-Øn-te-°v kvt]-kv Hu´v-t]m-ÃpIƒ {K-lm-¥-c-bm-{X-Iƒ-°v H-cn-S-Ømhfw sIπ¿ ZuXyw kq-∏¿ F¿-Øp-Iƒ ku-c-bq-Y-Øn-se A-f-hp-Iƒ C-\n A-Wphn-S am-dn√ sNm-∆m-tZm-jw sNm-∆-bn¬ Xn-c-bnf°w sNm-∆-bv-s°-¥m sIm-ºpt≠m? Iyqcn-tbm-kn-‰n sNm-∆-bn¬ `uta-X-c Po-h≥ tX-Sn `m-c-Xhpw am-sh≥ ]p-d-s∏-Sp-∂p sNm∆m-tZm-jw Xo¿-°m≥! _p-[≥ P-e-k-ar-≤w! _p-[-\pw Nn-e-Xv ]-d-bm-\p-≠v bqtdm-]-bn¬ Poh-s‚ Xn-c-am-eIƒ bqt^m-Iƒ F-∂ ]-d-°pw -X-fn-I-Iƒ Glossary (]Zm-hen)

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Fs‚ BZy ]pkvX-I-amWv Pohs‚ ka-hm-Iy-߃. Xnc-°p-Iƒ am‰n-sh®v ]pkvX-I-Øn\v Ah-Xm-cnI FgpXp-Ibpw Bh-iy-amb \n¿t±-i-߃ Xcn-Ibpw sNbvX sF Fkv B¿ H ap≥ sNb¿am≥ tUm. Pn am[-h≥ \mb¿°v BZy-ambn \µn- ]-d-bp-∂p. ]pkvXI cN-\bv°v klm- b n® Fs‚ IpSpw- _ mw- K - ß ƒ°pw kplr- Ø p°ƒ°pw ]pkvXIw {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ Xøm-dmb Nn¥ ]ªn-tj-gvkn\pw Fs‚ IS-∏mSv ChnsS Ipdn-°p-∂p. kvt\l-]q¿∆w, km_p tPmkv

{]km-[I - ° - p-dn∏v Cu {]]-©-Øn¬ a\p-jy≥ X\n-®mtWm? at‰-sX¶nepw `qanbpw at‰-sX-¶nepw a\p-jycpw \ne-hn-ept≠m? sI´p-I-Y-I-fnepw imkv{X t\mh-ep-I-fnepw A\y-{KlPo-hn-Iƒ \nd-bp-tºmƒ a\p-jys‚ Pn⁄m-k-bpsS {]Xn-^-e-\-ambn \ap-°-Xns\ IW-°m-°mw. temI-Ønse-ºmSpw imkv{X-⁄¿ `qan-°-∏p-d-ap≈ Poh≥ tXSn ]co-£-W-\n-co-£-W-ß-fn¬ G¿s∏-´n-´p-≠v. \ΩpsS imkv{X hyhlm-c-ß-fn¬ Db¿∂phcp∂ ]e ]Z-ßfpw \sΩ A‘m-fn-∏n-°m-dp-≠v. ]d°pwXfn-I-Iƒ, Xhn´p Ip≈-∑m¿, FIvtkm-πm-\-‰p-Iƒ, A\y-{Kl-Po-hn-Iƒ, sk‰n, kvt]kv Hu´v t]mÃp-Iƒ, kq∏¿ F¿Øp-Iƒ XpSßn \nc- h [n ]Z- ß ƒ°v DØcw \ev I n Cu taJebn¬ \S-Øn-bn-´p≈ At\z-jWßfp-sSbpw A\pam-\-ß-fp-sSbpw ka-{K-Nn{Xw e`y-am-°p∂ Cu IrXn A`n-am-\t - ØmsS hmb-\° - m¿°p-ap-∂n¬ ka¿∏n-°p-∂p. Nn¥ ]ªn-tjgvkv

apJ-hpc hn-kva- bIcam-b Hcp- {]]©Øn-em-Wv- \mw- Po-hn-°p-∂Xv.- PKXvkrjv-Sn- ]p-cm-WØn-s‚ ku-µcy-hpw- lnw-km-flIXbpw- Akm-[mcWam-b k¿§mflIXtbm-Sp-Iq-Sn- \ap-°n-Sbn¬- ]ecpw- h¿-Æn-®n-´p≠v.- Cu- alm-{]]©Øn-s‚ GtXm- Hcp- tIm-Wn¬- `q-an-sb∂v- \mwXs∂ t]cn-´p-hn-fn-°p-∂ BIm-itKm-fØn-em-Wv- a\p-jy≥- C∂vAhs‚ kz-]v-\ßfpw -{]Xo-£Ifpw- ]Wn-Xp-b¿-Øp-∂Xv.- ap-Ø»n°YIfpw- aX{KŸßfpw- ]Icp-∂ `m-h\Ifn¬- BIr-jv-Scm-bn-cps∂¶n-epw- NSp-ehn-{`m-¥n-bn¬- BSn-Øn-an¿-°p-∂ `q-an-bp-sSbpw- Ccpfn-s‚ ad\o-°m≥- kz-bw- IØn-bacp-∂ kq-cy-s‚bpw- \n-»–\m-b N{µs‚bpw- \£{X°p-™p-ßfp-sSbpw- {]m-bhpw- ÿm-\hpw- KXnhn- K Xn- I fpw- a\p- j y≥- ]≠p- a p- X te Nn- ¥ n- ® n- c p- ∂ p.- \n- i bp- s S Bgßfn¬- ho-Sn-s‚ a´p-∏m-hn¬- GIm-¥am-bn-cp-∂v- BIm-iho-Yn-Ifn¬ItÆm-Sn-°p-tºmƒ- as‰m-cp- tem-IØv- \sΩ tIƒ-°m-\pw- Bsc¶nep-ap-≠m-bn-cp-s∂¶n-se∂v- Nn-¥n-°m-Øh¿- Ip-dhm-bn-cn-°pw.- AØcsam-cp- Im-ew- C\n- hn-Zq-ca√.- Ne®n-{Xßfpw- Ip-´n-°YIfpw- A\y{KlPo-hs\bpw- Po-hPm-eßsfbpw- Ip-dn-®v- an-Yy-bpw- `oIc-Xbpw\nd® ]e cq-]߃- ]cn-Nbs∏Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.- Ah F∂pw- \ap-°vBI¿-jWo-bhpw- Xmev]cy-P\Ihp-am-bn-cp-∂p.A⁄m-\Øns‚ ]Sp-Ip-gn-bn¬\n-∂pw- Adn-hn-s‚ ]m-cay-Xbnte°v- Ip-Xn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ a\p-jy≥- as‰m-cp- `q-an-°m-bp-≈ Xn-c®n¬- Xp-Sßn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.- km-t¶Xn-Ihn-Zy-bp-sS hn-Im-kw- Ahs‚ kz]v\߃-°v- Nn-dIp \evIp-Ibm-Wv.- {]]©Øn-¬- Po-hs‚ D∑mZ\rØw- Nhn-´p-∂ `q-an-bp-sS Acßv- ]¶n-Sm≥- Hcp- klPsb°q-Sn\ap°v- {]Xo-£n-°mw.km-_p- tPm-kv-

AhXm-cn-I {]]©Øn-s‚ \n-Kq-VXIfn-te°v- B[p-\n--I im-kv-{Xw- IS∂psN√p-∂ hgn-Øm-cbn-eq-sS k©cn-°p-Ibm-Wv- {io-.- km-_p- tPm-kv Cu- ]p-kv-XIØn-eq-sS.- HcpIq-´w- teJ\ßfp-sS kam-lm-cam-Wn-Xv.Hcp- A≤ym-]Is‚ ]cn-an-Xn-bn¬- \n-∂p-sIm-≠v- Cu- taJebn-ep-≈ hn-hc tiJcWhpw- kam-lcWhpw- _p-≤n-ap-´p-\n-d™Xm-sW∂vam{Xa√,- B hn-hc߃- km-[m-cW°m¿-°v,- hn-tijn-®p-w- hnZym¿∞nIƒ-°v- {Kln-°Ø°hn-[w- efn-Xam-b `m-jbn¬- AhXcn-∏n-°p∂Xn\v- Hcp-]m-Sv- thZ\Iƒ- {io.- km-_p- A\p-`hn-®n-´p-s≠∂v- F\n°dn-bmw.- aebm-fØn-se \n-ch[n- ]{X˛am-kn-IIfn¬- hn-hn-[ hnjbßfn¬- Xp-S¿-®bm-bn- im-kv-{XteJ\ßsfgp-Xn- {]Xn-` sXfn-bn®n-´p-≈ {io.- km-_p- tPm-kn-s‚ teJ\ kam-lm-cßfp-sS Cu- ]p-kvXIw- ]p-Xn-b Xeap-dbnse hm-b\°m-sc Dt±in-®p-≈Xm-Wv.- Cu]cn-{iaØn-\v- Fs‚ lr-Zbw\n-d™ A\p-tam-Z\߃.\m-Kcn-IX D¤hn-®Xp-ap-X¬- im-kv-{X˛km-t¶Xn-I hn-Zy-bp-sS hf¿-®bpw- Bcw-`n-®p.- kn-‘p-\Zo-XS kw-kv-Im-cw,- lm-c∏≥,- saskms∏m-t´-an-b≥,- tdm-a≥ \m-Kcn-IXIsf√mw- ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ CXn-\v_ew- \ev-Ip-∂ Ncn-{X]cam-b sXfn-hp-Iƒ- \ap-°v- e`n-°pw.- im-kv{XØn-\pw- im-kv-{Xo-b \n-co-£W߃-°pw- Cu- \m-Kcn-IXIƒhfsc {]m-[m-\yw- \ev-In-bn-cp-∂p.- A°m-eØp-≠m-bn-cp-∂ XØz-Nn¥Icpw- Ejn-am-cpw- {]Ir-Xn-sb \n-co-£n-®n-cp-∂p.- {]Ir-Xn- {]Xn-`mkßsf Ip-dn-®pw- {]]©sØ Ip-dn-®pw- Ah¿- t\Sn-b hn-hc߃Im-hy-ßfm-bpw- CXn-lm-kßfm-bpw -cNn-°s∏´p.- AXv- Xo¿-®bm-bpwA°m-eØp-≠m-bn-cp-∂ Db¿-∂ im-kv-{XNn-¥Ifp-sS kam-lm-cwXs∂bm-bn-cp-∂p.- Nn-et∏msg¶n-epw- Ahcp-sS `m-h\Iƒ- kb≥-kv-

^n-Iv-j\p-Ifn-te°pw- Iev]n-X IYIfn-te°pw- FØn-s∏Sp-IbpwsNbv-Xp.- alm-`m-cXhpw- Acn-kv-t‰m-´nen-s‚ XØz-Nn-¥Ifp-sS kamlm-chp-sa√mw- B Im-eL´Øn-se Db¿-∂ Nn-¥m-tijn-bp-sS an-I® DZm- l cWßfm- W v . - {]Ir- X n- Zp- c ¥ßfpw- bp- ≤ ßfpw- A[n- \ nthißfpw- Cu- \m-Kcn-IXIfp-sS XI¿-®bv°v- Im-cWam-bt∏mƒAh¿- ap-f∏n-® im-kv-{X˛km-t¶Xn-I hn-Zy-bp-sS \m-ºp-Iƒ- ap-cSn-®pt]m-hp-IbmWp-≠m-bXv.- F∂m¬- Ign-™ aq-∂v- \q-‰m-≠p-Iƒ-°p-≈n¬im-kv-{Xcw-KØp-≠m-b Xz-cn-X hn-Im-khpw- \n-co-£W taJebn-ep≠m-b km-t¶Xn-I ]p-tcm-KXn-bpw- im-kv-{Xo-b D]IcWßfp-sS I≠p]n-Sn-Øhpw- ]co-£Wßfn-eq-sS \n-Ka\ßfpw- ]cn-Iev]\Ifpw- ]cntim-[n-°m≥- km[n-®Xpw- hgn- ]e {]m-]©n-I {]Xn-`m-k߃-°pwhn-iZo-IcWw- \ev-Im≥- C∂v- Ign-bp-∂p-≠v.- im-kv-{XØn-s‚bpw- kmt¶Xn-I hn-Zy-bp-sSbpw- e£yw- a\p-jy-cp-sS Po-hn-X\n-ehm-cw- Db¿Øp-Ibm-Wv.- Bbn-c°W°n-\v- hy-‡n-Ifp-sS A{im-¥]cn-{iaam-WvC∂v- a\p-jy-h¿-§w- Bkz-Zn-°p-Ibpw- A\p-`hn-°p-Ibpw- sNøp-∂ F√mkp-Jku-Icy-߃-°pw- ]n-∂n-ep-≈Xv.- im-kv-{X˛km-t¶Xn-Ihn-Zy-bpsS hn-Im-kam-Wv- Cu- t\´ßƒ-s°√mw- ]n-∂n-ep-≈Xv F∂ Aht_m[w- s]mXp- kaq-lØn-ep-≠m-tI≠Xpw- im-kv-{Xt_m-[ap-≈ HcpXeap-dsb hm¿-sØSp-t°≠Xpw- Im-eL´Øn-s‚ Bhiy-am-Wv.Ign-™ GXm-\pw- \q-‰m≠p-Ifn-em-bn- {Iaam-bp-w- \n-c¥cam-bp-ap-≠mbn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂ im-kv{- X]p-tcm-KXn- C\n-bpw- Xp-S¿-∂v- t]m-tI≠XvAXym-hiy-am-Wv.Hcp- hn-jbØn-s‚ hn-hn-[ XeØn-ep-≈ At\z-jW߃,AXns‚ hfsc hn-im-eam-b taJeIfn-eq-sSbm-Wv- teJI≥- k©cn°p-∂sX∂v- Cu- ]p-kv-XIØneq-sS IS∂p-t]m-Ip-tºmƒ- Im-Wm≥Ign-bpw.- `u-a Po-hs‚ Dev]Øn- ap-X¬- `u-taXc Po-hs‚ ka-hmIy-߃-hsc,- {]]t©mev]Øn- ap-X¬- {KlIp-Spw-_߃-hsc...imkv{Xcw-KØv- Icn-b¿- cq-]s∏Sp-Øp-∂h¿-°pw- hn-Zym¿∞n-Iƒ-°pw hn-etbdn-b Hcp- kΩm-\am-bn-cn-°pw- Cu- ]p-kv-XIw.- Cu- ]pkvXIØn¬- {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂ hn-jb߃- Im-eL´Øn-\v- A\p-tbm-Py-hpwim-kv-{Xo-b ]n≥-_eap-≈Xp-am-Wv.- `u-taXc Po-h≥- tXSn-bp-≈ a\pjy- {]bm-WØn-s‚ Ncn-{Xhpw- CXp-hscbp-≠m-bn-´p-≈ t\´ßfpwhn-hcn-°p-∂Xv- bphm-°sfbpw- hn-Zym¿∞n-Isfbpw- Xo¿-®bm-bpwBthi`cn- X cm- ° pw.- c£n- X m- ° ƒ- ° v - im- k v - { Xhn- j bßfn¬Xmev]cyw- P\n-∏n-°p-∂Xn-\pw- Ip-´n-Isf im-kv-{XØn-s‚ kao-]\w]cn-Nbs∏Sp-Øp-∂Xn-\pw- Cu- ]p-kv-XIw- D]Im-c{]Zam-Wv.- am-{Xhpa√,- ]p-Xn-b Xeap-dsb hm¿-sØSp-°p-∂ A≤ym-]I¿-°pw- Hcp- anI® ssI∏p-kv-XIam-bn-cn-°p-an-Xv.Hcp- A≤ym-]I≥- Abm-fp-sS ]m-tTy-Xc {]h¿-Ø\߃-°v-

C{Xb[n-Iw- {][m-\yw- \evIp-∂Xv- Fs∂ Gsd A¤p-Xs∏Sp-Øp∂p.- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- CXv- A`n-\µ\m¿-lam-Wv.- hn-⁄m-\Øn-\v- ]n-∂msebp-≈ Np-dp-Np-dp-°p-≈ Hcp- {]bm-Wam-bm-Wv- CXv- F\n-°\p`hs∏Sp- ∂ Xv . - hn- h c߃- tiJcn- ® v - AXv - km- [ m- c W°m- c p- s S `mjbn¬- sam-gn-am-‰w- \SØp-Ib√ teJI≥- sNøp-∂Xv.- adn-®v- Hcphn-Zym¿∞n-°pw- A≤ym-]I\pw- c£n-Xm-hn-\pw- Hcp-t]m-se Zln-°p∂ XcØn¬- ]p-\chXcn-∏n-°p-Ibm-Wn-hn-sS.- Xo¿-®bm-bpw- CsXm-cphenb ]cn-{iaw- Xs∂bm-Wv.- `m-hn-bn¬- Hcp-]m-Sv- t\´ßfpw- Aw-KoIm-cßfpw- {io-.- km-_p-tPm-kn-s\ tXSn-hcp-sa∂v- F\n-°p-d∏p-≠v.- \ap°v- C∂p-≈ [m-cWIƒ- Fs¥√m-am-sW∂v- hy-‡am-°p-∂Xn-ep-]cn`m-hn- KthjW߃- A`n-ap-Jo-Icn-°p-∂ sh√p-hn-fn-Ifpw- im-kv-{X {]hN\Øn-\p-≈ km-≤y-Xbpw- Xp-d∂v- Im-Wn-°p-∂p-≠v- F∂Xpw- Cu]p-kv-XIØn-s‚ khn-tijXbm-Wv.tUm.- Pn- am-[h≥-\m-b¿{]kn-U‚ v,C‚¿-\m-jW¬- A°m-Zan- Hm-^vBkv-t{Sm-t\m-´n-Iv-kv,sF Fkv -B¿ -H ap≥- sNb¿-am≥.-

\£{X°Æp-≈h¿-°v...iXtIm-Sn-°W°n-\v-

h¿-j߃-°v- ap-ºv- Hcp- \£{X hn-kv-t^m-S\Øn-s‚ Ahin-jv-Sßfn¬-\n-∂v- kq-cy-\pw`q-an-bpw- AXn-se Po-h\p-ap-≠m-bn.- C∂v- \m-adn-bp-∂ kz¿Æw- t]m-epw- \Ωp-sS `q-an-sb°mƒ- {]m-bap-≈XmWv.GtXm- \£{XØn¬-\n-∂v- `q-an-bn-te°v- Zm-\am-bn- Fdn™p-ho-gvØs∏´Xm-WXv.- {]]©Øn-ep-≈sX√mw- a\pjy-\n-ep-≠v; Po-h\n-epw.- Im¿-_Wo-Icn-°s∏´ ssPhakv - X njv - I w- kn- e n- ° ¨- B[m- c am- b p- ≈ akv - X n- j v IØns‚ \n¿Ωm-W tlXp-hm-bn.- Cu- Cc´ akv-Xn-jvI߃- C∂v- PKXv-{Xbw- Xs∂ ssI∏n-Sn-bn-sem-Xp-°m≥{ian-°p-Ibm-Wv.- A\y-Po-h≥- tXSn-bp-≈ Ae®n-ep-IƒAhkm-\n-°m≥- t]m-Ip-Ibm-Wv.- \£{Xßfp-sS temIØp- \ n- ∂ pw- \tΩm- S v - kw- k m- c n- ° p- ∂ \£{X°ÆpIfp≈ Iq-´p-Im¿-°m-bn- C\n- \ap-°pw- kz-]v-\w- I≠pXp- S ßmw.- `q- a n- b p- s S In- X ∏n- s ‚ \m- Z w- Im- t Xm¿- Ø v {]]©Øn-s‚ GtXm- tIm-Wn¬- Btcm- Xm-fw- ]n-Sn-°p∂Xv- tIƒ-°m≥- \ap-°v- BIm-w£-tbm-sS Im-Øn-cn-°mw.-

1 A√... \mw X-\n®√! “Sometimes I think we're alone. Sometimes I think we're not. In either case, the thought is staggering” - Buckminster Fuller

taL-߃-°n-S-bn-eq-sS ]-d-∂p-h-cp-∂ ]-d-°pw-X-fn-I-Ifpw C Sn kn-\n-a-I-fn-se A-¤p-X-cq-]n-Ifpw F∂pw t{]-£-I¿-°v l-c-am-Wv. A-\y-{K-l-Po-hn-I-fp-sS B-{I-a-W-Øn¬-\n-∂v `q-an-sb c-£n-°p-∂ kq∏¿lo-tdm-Iƒ A-Wn-\n-c-°p-∂ "Ãm¿-hm¿-kv' kn-\n-a-Iƒ F-°me-sØbpw ln-‰p-I-fmWv. A-Xn-cp-I-S-∂ `m-h-\-bm-sW-¶nepw F-s∂¶nep-sam-cn-°¬ G-sX-¶nep-sam-cp A-\y-{K-l-Po-hn ]-d-°pw-X-fn-I-bn¬ `qan-bn¬ hn-cp-s∂-Øp-sa-∂v kz-]v-\w Im-Wm-Ø-hcpw Ip-d-hmWv. kb≥kv ^n-Iv-j-\p-Iƒ F-∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂ CØ-cw k-¶ev]-߃-°v bmYm¿∞y-hp-am-bn F-s¥-¶nepw _-‘-ap-t≠m? `q-an-°p sh-fn-bn¬ Cu hn-im-e-{]-]-©-Øn¬ F-hn-sS-sb¶nepw Poh-s‚ Xp-Sn-∏p-Iƒ \n-e-\n¬-°p∂p-t≠m? A-ß-s\-bp-s≠-¶n¬ A-h-cp-sS km-aq-ln-I-_-‘-ßfpw Ip-Spw-_-kw-hn-[m\-ßfpw F-{]-Im-ca - m-bn-cn-°pw? a-X˛cm-{„ob kwL-S-\-Ifpw ssZ-h-k-¶-ev]-hpw I£n-cm-{„o-b-hp-sa√mw F-{X-tØm-fw i‡-am-bn-cn-°pw? 1960 I-fn-em-Wv `u-ta-X-c Po-h-s\tØ-Sn-bp-≈ im-kv-{Xo-b At\z-j-Ww Bs{]m-^. {^m-¶v t{U°v

14

Pohs‚ ka-hm-Iy-߃ km_p tPmkv

{Ko≥-_m-¶v Zq-cZ - ¿-in\n

cw-`n-®Xv. shÃv sh¿-Po-\n-b-bn¬ s{]m^. {^m-¶v t{U°pw kw-Lhp-amWv Cu Zu-Xy-Øn-te-°v B-Zy-am-bn I-S-∂p-h-∂Xv. \-ΩpsS amXr-Km-e-Iv-knbm-b £o-c-]-Y-Øn-ep-≈ G-Xm\pw ku-c-kam-\ \-£{Xß-sf Np-‰n-∏-‰n-bm-bn-cp-∂p t{U-°n-s‚bpw kw-L-Øn-s‚bpw At\z-jWw. ssl-{U-P≥ B-‰-Øn-s‚ km-∂n≤yw Xn-cn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn-\pth-≠n k-hn-ti-j-am-bn cq-]-Iev]-\ \n¿∆-ln-® {Ko≥-_m-¶v Zq-c-Z¿in\n (Green Bank Telescope) D-]-tbm-Kn-®m-Wv s{]m-^. t{U°pw kw-Lhpw \n-co-£-W-am-cw-`n-®Xv. {K-lm-¥-co-£-Øn¬ Im-W-s∏-Sp∂ ssl-{U-P≥ B-‰-ßfpsS km-∂n≤yw P-e-X-∑m-{X-I-fp-sS sX-fn-hmWv, P-ew Po-h-s‚-bpw. `q-an-bn¬-\n-∂v 12 {]-Im-i-h¿-jw A-I-se-bp-≈ kqcy-kam-\ \-£-{Xamb tSm sk‰n (Tau Ceti)bm-Wv im-kv-{X-kw-Lw \n-co-£-W-Øn-\v sX-c-s™-Sp-ØXv. `u-ta-X-c {K-l-ß-fn¬-\n-∂p hcp∂ tdUntbm k-tµ-i-߃ sd-t°m¿-Uv sN-øp-∂-Xn-\v ]-co-£-W-ime-bn¬ am-·-‰n-Iv tS-∏p-Iƒ Xøm-dm-°n-h-®n-cp-∂p. F-∂m¬, \n-cm-ibm-bn-cp-∂p ^ew. ]-t£, t{U°pw kw-Lhpw hn´p-sIm-Sp-°m-\p-≈ `m-h-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂n√. F-]vkn-tem¨ F-dn-Um\n (Epsilon Eridani) F∂ \-£-{X-sØ Np-‰n-∏-‰n-bm-bn-cp-∂p Xp-S¿-∂p≈ A-t\z-j-W߃. \n-an-j-߃-°p-≈n¬ ]-co-£-W-im-e-sbm-∂m-sI i-‡am-b tdUntbm X-cw-K-߃sIm-≠p \n-d™p. G-Xm\pw \n-an-j-߃ am-{Xta

Pohs‚ ka-hm-Iy-߃ km_p tPmkv

15

Cu tdUntbm X-cw-K-߃ \n-e-\n-∂p≈q. t{U°pw kw-Lhpw Xp-S¿∂p \-SØn-b \n-ch-[n ]-co-£-W-ßfn-sem-∂nepw ]n-∂o-Sv C-Ø-cØn-ep-≈ tdUntbm k-tµ-i-߃ e-`n-®n√. t{U-°n\pw kw-L-Øn\pw e-`n-® tdUntbm kn-·ep-Iƒ G-sX-¶nep-sam-cp `u-ta-X-c \m-K-cn-IX-bn¬ \n-∂m-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂v D-d-∏n-®p-]-d-bm≥ I-gn-bn√. F-∂m¬, AXn-s‚ A¿-∞w `u-ta-X-c Poh-\v km-≤y-X-bn-s√∂√. \n-e-hn-ep-≈ km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-bp-sS ]-cn-an-Xnbpw {]-]-©-Øn-s‚ A-Xn-hn-im-e-Xbpw Cu ta-J-e-bn-ep-≈ A-t\z-j-W-߃-°v ]-e-t∏mgpw hn-e-ßp-X-Sn-bmbn \nev°p-∂p-≠v. I-S¬-Øoc-sØ a-W¬-∏-c-∏n¬ If™p-t]m-b Acna-Wn Xn-c-bp-∂Xp-t]m-se k-¶o¿Æam-b {]-{In-b-bm-WnXv. Km-e-Ivkn-I-fn-se \-£-{X-ß-fp-sS FÆw, A-h-tbm-Sv _-‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xpw kv-t]-kn¬ A-e-™p-\-S-°p-∂-Xpam-b {K-l߃, Cu {Kl-ß-fn¬ X-s∂ Po-h≥ D¤-hn-°p-∂-Xn\pw \n-e-\nev-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap-≈ km-≤yX, C- h - b n¬Ø- s ∂ _p- ≤ n- a m- ∑ mcm- b Po- h n- I ƒ h- k n- ° p- ∂ - X n- \ p- ≈ km≤y-X, A-h¿ tdUntbm kn-·-ep-Iƒ D-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ km≤y-X, \-£-{X-ß-fp-sS hm-k-tbm-Ky-ta-J-e-bn¬ D-≈ `u-a-kam\ {K-l-ß-sf I-s≠-Øp-∂-Xn-\p-≈ km≤y-X, AØcw {K-l-ß-fn-ep≈ Po-h-s‚ ssZ¿-Lyw `u-a-Poh-\v B-t]-£n-I-am-bn A-f-°p-∂-Xn-

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