ae-bmfKZy-N-cn{Xw

(Malayalam)

Malayalagadhya Charithram Study By

Dr. Shiny Thomas Cover Design: Anil vega First Published March 2017 Second Edition January 2019

© Dr. Shiny Thomas No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written permission of the publisher Publishers Don books Kottayam, Kerala State, India ISBN 978-93-86465-09-2 Email: [email protected]

(]T\w)

ae-bmfKZy-N-cn{Xw tUm. ssj\n tXmakv

tUm¨ _pIvkv

ka¿∏Ww kpa-\  - p-Iƒ°v

ae-bmfKZy-N-cn{Xw

tUm.- ssj\n tXmakv Ihnbpw A[ym-]n-I-bpw. 1973-˛¬ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv P\-\w. A—≥ : sI.-sI. tXmakv AΩ : ]n.-sP. s]m∂Ω Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw \n¿Ω-e-`-h≥ C.-Pn.-F-®v.-F-kv.-F-kv, am¿ Chm-\ntbmkv tImtfPv (_n.-F-kv.-kn), {io i¶-cm-Nmcy kwkvIrX k¿h-Iem-ime (_n.-F-Uv), hnZym-[n-cmP t]mÃv {KmtUz‰v ÃUokv (Fw.-F), tIcf k¿h-I-em-ime ae-bmf hn`m-Kw, Imcy-h´w (Fw.-^n¬, ]n.-F-®v.Un) F∂n-hn-Sß - f - n¬ hnZym-`ym-kw. Ct∏mƒ Xncp-h√ am¿tØmΩm tImtf-Pn¬ ae-bmf hn`mKw ta[mhn. "{]W-bn-°p-tºmƒ ]p-g ]-d-bp∂-Xv' F-∂ I-hn-Xm k-am-lm-chpw, \nc-h[n teJ-\-ßfpw Ihn-X-Ifpw {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´p≠v. BIm-i-hmWnbpw Zqc-Z¿i\pw efn-XK - m-\ß - fpw tZi-`‡ - n-Km-\ß - fpw {]t£-]Ww sNbvXn-´p-≠v. `¿Ømhv : {io kt¥mjv ssa°nƒ (kwKo-X-kw-hn-[m-b-I≥) a°ƒ : ktμ-iv, jmc≥, km\μv hnemkw : tamS-Ød - b - n¬, sN∂n-temSv, saUn-°¬ tImtfPv ]n.-H, Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw, t^m¨: 9496152519

6

{]kvXm-h\ "a-eb - m-fK - Z- y-Nc - n-{Xw' a-eb - m-f` - m-jm-KZ- y-Øn-s‚ D-Zb - ˛- h - n-Im-k ]-cn-Wma-߃ Ip-dn-®p-hb - v° - m-\p-≈ F-fn-b D-Zy-aa - m-Wv. K - Z- y-Øn-s‚ ]-cn-Wm-aw a-ebm-fØ - n¬- F-∂ F-s‚ K-th-jW - {- ]-_‘ - Ø - n-s‚ ]p-kvX - I - c - q-]a - m-Wv a - e - bm-f-K-Zy-N-cn-{Xw-. K-Zyw A-`n-hy-‡-am-b sIm-√-h¿-jm-cw-`-L-´-Øn-\pw am-\Io-I-c-Ww kw-`-hn-® B-[p-\n-I-L-´-Øn-\p-an-S-bn¬ c-Nn-°-s∏-´ K-Zy-Ir-Xn-Ifn¬ {]m-Xn-\n-[y-kz-`m-hw ]p-e¿-Øp-∂ am-Xr-II - s - f Cu Ir-Xn-bn¬ hn-iZ- ] - T-\Ø - n-\v hn-t[-ba - m-°n-bn-´p-≠v. `m-jm-K-th-j-W-Øn¬ F-s‚ am¿-§-Z¿-in- tI-c-f-k¿-h-I-em-im-e a-e-bm-f-hn-`m-Kw A-[y-£-\m-bn hn-c-an-® tUm. F≥.-B¿. tKm-]n-\m-Y-]n-≈ km-dm-Wv. `m-jm-]-Wv-Un-X-\m-b A-t±-l-tØm-Sp-≈ \-μn-bpw kv-t\-l-hpw hm-°p-I-fn¬ H-Xp-ßp-∂-X-√. {]-_-‘-c-N-\-bn¬ F-s∂ k-lm-bn-® B-Z-cWo-b Kp-cp-°-∑m-cm-b tUm. tZ-i-aw-K-ew cm-a-Ir-jv-W≥, tUm. Un. _-©an≥, tUm. h-’e - m t_-_n F-∂n-hs - c-bpw Cu A-hk - c - Ø - n¬ Hm¿-°p-∂p. ]p-kX -v I - {- ]-kn-≤o-Ic - W - Ø - n-\p t{]-cW - b - pw t{]m-’m-l\ - h - pw \¬-In-b tUm. ap-™n-\m-Sv ]-fl-Ip-am¿ km-dn-t\m-Sp-≈ \-μn-b¿-∏n-°p-∂p. ]p-kv-X-I-c-N-\-bn¬ \n-c-¥-c t{]-c-W-bm-b kv-t\-l-io-e-cm-b am-Xm-]nXm-°ƒ, {]n-b-ap-≈ Ip-Spw-_mw-K-ß-fpw k-tlm-Z-c-ß-fpw, kp-lr-Øp-°-ƒ, s{]m-^. h¿-Ko-kv am-e-°-c, s{]m-^. \n-_p-em¬ sh-´q¿, s{]m-^. am-Xyp kmw, ssj-\n-tamƒ ‰o®¿, hn-\o-X ‰o®¿, Un.-‰n.]n sN-bv-Xp-k-lm-bn-® tem´-kv I-t^ a-√-∏-≈n, ]p-kv-X-I-{]-km-[-I-cm-b tUm¨ _p-Iv-kv F-∂n-h-tcmSp-≈ \n- o-a-am-b \-μn A¿-∏n-°p-∂p. K-Zy-]-T-\-{K-Ÿ-sa-∂ \n-e-bn¬ Cu Ir-Xn `m-jm-kv-t\-ln-Iƒ-°pw, K-th-j-I¿-°pw {]-tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-sa-∂ hn-izm-k-tØm-sS ssj\n tXmakv

7

ae-bmfKZy-N-cn{Xw

8

BapJw ae-bm-f-K-Zy-Øns‚ ]cn-Wm-asØ Ncn-{X-ho-£-W-Øn-eqsS hne-bn-cpØp∂ Cu ]pkvXIw `mjm-km-ln-Xy-]T - \ - Ø - n\v Hcp ]pXnb am\w \¬Ip∂p. an nkv ssj\n tXma-kns‚ Cu {KŸw ae-bm-f-K-Zy-km-lnXy ]T-\Øn\v e`n® Hcp {it≤-b-amb kw`m-h-\-bmWv. Fs‚ kplrØpw Nnc-Im-e-k-l-{]-h¿Ø-I-\p-amb tUm. F≥.-B¿. tKm]n-\m-Y-]n-≈-sbt∏m-ep≈ Hcp am¿§-Z¿in-sb e`n®p F∂Xpw ssj\n°p In´nb `mKy-am-Wv. {KŸ-I¿{Xn°v F√m-hn[ hnP-bm-iw-k-I-fpw. tUm. ]pXp-t»cn cma-N-{μ≥ Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw 19.10.2016

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ae-bmfKZy-N-cn{Xw

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D≈-S°w 13 24 54 158 177 179 201 225 230

sIm√-h¿jm-cw-`hpw `mj-bpsS A`n-hy-‡nbpw `mtjm-ev]Ø - n-kn-≤m-¥ß - fpw hna¿i-\hpw ae-bm-fK - Zyw ˛ ]cn-Wm-aL - ´- ß - ƒ ae-bm-f-K-Zy-Øns‚ am\-Io-I-cWw ae-bm-fK - Zyw A\p-_‘w H∂v A\p-_‘w c≠v {KŸ-kqNn Npcp-s°-gp-Øp-Iƒ

11

ae-bmfKZy-N-cn{Xw

12

sIm√-h¿jm-cw-`hpw `mj-bpsS A`n-hy-‡nbpw ae-bm-f` - mj-bpsS DZv`h - ˛- h - n-Im-k˛- ] - c - n-Wma Ncn-{X-Øn¬ KZy-Øns‚ A`n-hy-‡n-Im-e-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ At\z-jWw Gsd {]k-‡-amWv. aebm-f-Øn¬ KZyw A`n-hy-‡-amb L´-sØ-°p-dn®v \nc-h[n A`n-{]m-bß-fp-≠v. `mtjm-Xv]-Øn-sb-°p-dn®v N¿® sNøp-tºmgpw KZysØ {]mNo\w, a[y-Im-ew, \ho\w F∂p Xcw Xncn-°p-tºmgpw `mjm-]-WvUn-X∑mcpw Ncn-{X-Im-c-∑mcpw `mj-bpsS A`n-hy‡nL´-sØ-°p-dn®p≈ kqN\-Iƒ \¬Ip-∂p-≠v. ae-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS hymI-c-W-Im-cy-߃ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ BZy-{KŸw F∂ \ne- b n¬ eoem- X n- e Iw `mjm- ] - T - \ - Ø n¬ Gsd {]k‡amWvv."eoem-Xn-eIw' G.Un ]Xn-\memw iXI-Øn¬ cNn-°-s∏-´-Xn-\m¬ B Ime-Øn\p ap≥]p Xs∂ `mjbv°v X\-Xmb hymI-c-W-®-´-°qSv Dd-®n-cp∂p F∂v A\p-am-\n-°mw. kmln-Xy-Nc - n-{X-Im-c\ - mb D≈q¿ "hn⁄m-\Z- o-]n-I'-bn¬ `mj-bpsS kzX-{¥m-hÿ - sb C{]-Imcw hy‡-am-°p-∂p. ""tIc-fob ]WvUn-X∑ - m¿ GI-tZiw {In.-]n. ]Ømw iXIw hsc sN¥-an-gn¬Øs∂ {KŸ-\n¿ΩmWw sNbvIb - m¬ ae-bm-f`- m-jm-km-lnXyw AXp-hsc cq]-hX - I v rX-am-bn-s√-¶nepw B `mj AXn\p ap≥]p Xs∂ kzX-{¥-]Z- h - n-bn-se-Øn-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v A\pam-\n-°p-∂X - n\v [mcmfw \ymb-ßf - p≠v''. (1)Xs‚ A`n-{]m-bØ - n\v Dt]mZv_e - I - a - mbn G.Un 1189 se sIm√q¿ Xm{a-im-k\ - ß - f - nse "]ßp\n', "\∂v', "Fgp-∂c - pfn', "]ns∂', "Af∂', "Xn߃', "Ac-ßØ - v' "Ipf-ßc - ', "CS-ßgn', F∂o ]Z-߃ sXc-s™-SpØv Ah C∂sØ ae-bm-f] - Z- ß - t- fmSp ]pe¿Øp∂ kmayw At±lw Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. "eoem-Xn-e-I-{]-th-i'-Øn¬ sIm√w BZn-i-X-I-ß-fnse ae-bm-f-sØ°p-dn®v N¿® sNøp-tºmƒ iqc-\mSp Ip™≥]n≈ ae-bm-f-Øn\v A∂p kn≤n-®n-cp∂ kzmX-{¥yhpw hnIm-khpw A]q¿Δw Nne ae-bm-f-tc-J-Ifn¬ {]I-S-am-sW∂p {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p. Nnc-¥-\-amb aWn-{]-hm-f-Ir-XnI-sf∂p eoem-Xn-e-I-Im-c≥ ]d-™n-´p-≈Xv eoem-Xn-e-I-Øn\p aq∂p\mep iX-I-߃ ap≥]p≈ IrXn-I-sf, AXm-bXv sIm√-h¿jm-cw-`-Ime-Øp≈ IrXn-I-sf-°p-dn-®m-sW∂pw BZy-Im-e-a-Wn-{]-hm-f-Ir-Xn-I-fn¬ 13

ae-bmfKZy-N-cn{Xw

ImWp-∂-Xmbn eoem-Xn-e-I-Im-c≥ Nq≠n-Im-Wn-®n-´p≈ "h∂m≥', "Ccp∂m≥', "tXßm', "amßm', XpS-ßnb cq]-߃ sIm√-h¿jm-cw-`-Im-esØ `mj-bn-ep-≈-h-bm-sW∂pw At±lw A\p-am-\n-°p-∂p. ""sIm√-h¿jm-cw`-tØmsS \n›bambpw ]mWvUy-`m-jm-cq-]-߃ amdn aebmfw kzX{¥y-cq]w ssIs°m-≠-Xmbn Iev]n-°-Ww''. (2) F∂mWv At±-l-Øns‚ Is≠-ج. sIm√-h¿jm-cw-`-Øn\p tij-amWv ae-bmfw kzX-{¥-`m-j-bm-bXv F∂mWv G.-B¿. "tIc-f-]m-Wn-\o-b-'Øns‚ ]oTn-I-bn¬ {]kvXm-hn-°p∂-Xv. ""sIm√-h¿jm-cw-`-L-´-amb {InkvXz_vZw 825 \p tate ae-bmfw Hcp kzmX-{¥y-`m-j-bpsS \ne-bn-se-Øn-bp≈q F∂p ap≥]p-Xs∂ {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p-≠v. AXn-\m¬ sIm√-h¿jm-cw-`-Øn\p ap≥]p≈ ImesØ, amXm-hmb Xan-gn-s‚, As√-¶n¬ aqe-{Zm-hnU `mj-bp-sS, K¿`Øn¬ hkn-®n-cp∂ Ime-ambn KWn-®m-¬ aXn-bm-Ipw''. (3) ""]n.sI ]c-ta-iz-c≥\m-b¿ Xs‚ "ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xy-N-cn-{X'-Øn¬ KZysØ {]mNo-\w, \ho-\w, A[p-\m-X\w F∂p Xcw Xncn-°p-∂p-≠v. ae-bmfw kzX-{¥-am-b-Xn-\p-tijw sN¥-an-gn-t‚bpw kwkvIr-X-Ønt‚bpw kzm[o-\-Øn¬s]´v kmln-Xy-`m-j-bmbn Db¿∂ Ime-L-´sØ At±lw `mj-bpsS {]Y-a-Z-i-bmbn IW-°m-°p-∂p. ""ae-bmfw aqe-{Zmhn-U-Øn¬\n∂p ]ncn™v kzX-{¥-amb cq]w ssIs°m-≠-Xn-\p-tijw BZyw' sN¥-an-gn-t‚bpw ]n∂oSv kwkvIr-X-Øn-t‚bpw kzm[o-\-i‡n°p hnt[-b-ambn Hcp kmln-Xy-`m-j-sb∂ \ne-bn¬ hf¿® {]m]n°p-Ibpw ]m´v, aWn-{]-hmfw F∂o {]ÿm-\-ß-fn-ep≈ [mcmfw IrXnIƒsIm≠v ]cn-]p-jvS-am-Ip-Ibpw sNbvX Ime-L-´-amWv {]Y-a-Z-i. GItZiw {InkvXz_vZw ]Ømw iXIw apX¬ ]Xn-\©mw iXIw hscbp≈ ImesØ Cu Zi-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Ømw'' . (4) sIm√-h¿jmw-cw-`-tØm-sS-bmWv ae-bmfw {]tXy-I-`m-j-bm-bnØo-cm≥ Bcw-`n-®-sX∂ A`n-{]m-b-amWv Cfw-Ipfw Ip™≥]n-≈-bv°pap-≈-Xv. tIc-f-`m-j-bpsS hnIm-k-]-cn-Wm-a-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ N¿®-bv°nS-bn¬ At±lw {]kvXm-hn-°p-∂Xv C{]-Im-c-amWv: ""sIm√w H∂mw iXI-Øn¬Øs∂ ae-\m-´p-X-anƒ {]tXyIw Hcp `mj-bm-bn-Øo-cm-\p≈ e£-W-߃ kzoI-cn®p Ign-™p''. (5) H≥]Xmw \q‰m-≠nse-gp-X-s∏´ imk-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂mWv AXn\p th≠ sXfn-hp-Iƒ e`n-®n-´p-≈-Xv. B imk-\-ß-fn¬ Xme-hymtZiw, A\p-\m-kn-Im-Xn-{]-kcw F∂o `mjm-\b-߃ {]h¿Øn-®p-Im-Wp-∂p-sh∂pw k‘n-Im-cy-߃, kap-®-b-co-XnIƒ F∂n-h-bn¬ ]m≠n-Ø-an-gn¬\n∂p `n∂-amb kzmX-{¥y-߃ Is≠Øm-sa∂pw Cfw-Ipfw A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. `mjm-`n-hy-‡n°p Imc-W-ambXv \ºq-Xn-cn-am-cpsS ta[m-hn-Xz-am-sW∂v Cfw-Ipfw Dd-∏n®p ]d-bp-∂p. ""ae-bmfw Xan-gn¬\n∂p th¿Xn-cn™p XpS-ßn-bXv G.Un 800 \SpØp 14

sIm√-h¿jm-cw-`hpw `mj-bpsS A`n-hy-‡nbpw

am{X-amWv'' (6) F∂mWv `mjm-`n-hy‡n-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Cfw-Ip-f-Øn-s‚ ]£w. `mjm-kw-{I-aW-hmZw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ kn.-F¬. B‚Wn `mjmKZysØ ]c-X-{¥-L-´w, kw{I-a-W-L´w F∂p Xncn-°p-∂p-≠v. G.Un H≥]Xmw iX-I-Øn\p ap≥]p≈ L´sØ ]c-X-{¥-L-´-ambpw ]Xnt\gmw iXIw hsc-bp≈ L´sØ kw{I-a-W-L-´-ambpw ]Xn-t\-gmw-iXIw apX-ep≈ L´sØ kzX-{¥-L-´-ambpw At±lw IW-°m-°p-∂p. ""G.-Un. H≥]Xmw \q‰m-≠n\p ap≥]p≈ tIc-fo-b-cpsS sN¥-an-gp-Ir-XnIfpw X\n-kw-kvIr-X-Ir-Xn-Ifpw `mj-bnse hmsam-gn-sbtbm hc-sam-gnsbtbm hy‡-am-°m≥ Hcp hn[-Ønepw klm-bn-°p-∂n-√. A°m-eØp hyh-lm-c-`m-j-bn¬ Fs¥-¶n-epw Fgp-X-s∏-´n-´p-s≠-¶n¬Øs∂ \ap°Xp In´n-bn-´n-√''. (7) F∂v A`n-{]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw G.-Un. H≥]Xmw \q‰m-≠n\p tij-amWv tIc-fo-b-amb IrXn-Iƒ cNn-°-s∏-´Xv F∂v kqN-\-bmWv e`n-°p-∂-Xv. At±-l-Øns‚ `mjm-kw-{I-a-hmZw Cßs\ kw{K-ln-°mw. {InkvXp-h¿jm-cw-`-Øn\p ap≥]p-Xs∂ kwkvIr-Xhpw sN¥angpw tIc-f-Øn¬ {]N-cn-®n-cp-∂p. Cu `mj-I-fpsS B[n-]-Xyw tIc-fØnse hyh-lm-c-`m-jbv°v kz¥-amb kmln-Xy-`mj krjvSn-°m≥ {]Xn_-‘-am-bn-cp-∂p. ssh⁄m-\n-I-a-WvU-e-Øn¬ kwkvIr-Xhpw cmjv{Sob-a-WvU-e-Øn¬ Xangpw {]XnjvT t\Sn-bn-cp-∂p. G.-Un. ]Øp apX¬ ]Xn-aq∂p hsc-bp≈ iX-I-ß-fn¬ tIcfw ]mWvUy-∑m-cp-sSbpw tNmf∑m-cp-sSbpw \nc-¥-c-amb B{I-a-W-߃°p hnt[-b-am-bn. B{I-a-WsØ sNdp-°m≥ tIc-f-Ønse hnhn-[-i-‡n-Iƒ Hcp-an-®p. cmjv{So-b-cw-KØv am{X-a√ a‰p cwK-ß-fnepw Cu kulm¿±w ]c-∂p. AXns‚ ^e-ambn kwkvIr-Xhpw Xangpw hyh-lm-c-`m-j-tbmSv CW-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXv `mjm-K-Zy-Øns‚ hf¿®bv°v t\´-am-bn-Øo¿∂p. kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ an{i-`m-j-bn¬ cNn-°-s∏-Sm≥ XpS-ßn. G.-Un. ]Xn-t\-gmw \q‰m-t≠msS kwkvIr-X-Øn-t‚bpw Xan-gn-t‚bpw {]m_eyw Ipd-bp-Ibpw kzmX-¥ykm-ln-Xy-`m-j-bn¬ KZy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ cNn-°s∏Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. kw{I-ahm-Z-{]-Imcw Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬ tIc-f-Ønse hyh-lm-c-`mj kwkvIrX-Øn-te°pw sN¥-an-gn-tebv°pw Ib-dn-∏‰n Ah-bpsS B[n-]Xyw inYne-am-°p-Ib - mWv sNbvXX - v. Cu {]{In-bb - v°mWv kn.-F¬. B‚Wn "`mjmkw-{Iaw' F∂v t]cn´p hnfn-®-Xv. ]cn-X-ÿn-Xn-Iƒ°-\p-k-cn-®mWv `mjmkw-{Iaw \S-∂-sX∂pw X¬^-e-ambn sFI-cq-]y-an-√mØ ]e an{i-`mjm-cq-]-ßfpw D≠m-Ip-I-bmWv sNbvX-sX∂pw kn.-F¬. B‚Wn hniZo-I-cn-°p-∂p. hyh-lm-c-`m-j-bpsS kw{I-aWw sIm≠v cmP-`m-j-bmb sN¥-an-gn\p h∂p-Iq-Snb ssiYn-ey-amWv imk-\-߃ hy‡-am-°p-∂sX∂pw G.-Un. H≥]Xp apX¬ ]Xn-s\m-∂p-hs - c-bp≈ Ime-L´- Ø - n-emWv 15

ae-bm-f -K-Zy-Øns‚ ]cn-Wm-asØ Ncn-{X-ho-£W - Ø - n-eqsS hne-bn-cp-ØpIbpw `mjm-km-ln-Xy-]T - \ - Ø - n\v ]pXnsbmcp Znim- t _m[w \¬Ip- I bpw sNøp∂ B[n-Im-cn-Ia - mb ]pkvXI - w. Ih¿/A-\n¬thK tUm¨ _pIvkv

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