flfoy lsok ijh{kk liQyrk ds lw=k

vkidh eqV~Bh esa f}rh; laLdj.k

ys[kd ifjp; Jh v'kksd dqekj dk tUe gfj;k.kk ds ikuhir ds NksVs ls xkao dqjkuk esa gqvk ,oa mudk ikyu&iks"k.k xzkeh.k ifjos'k esa gqvkA mUgksaus viuh 10oha d{kk rd dh f'k{kk xkao ds gh ljdkjh Ldwy ls izkIr dhA 12oha ds ckn fcuk dksfpax ds gh og vkbZ-vkbZ-Vh- izos'k ijh{kk esa liQy gq, vkSj vkbZvkbZ-Vh- fnYyh ls ch- Vsd ,oa ,e- Vsd dh f'k{kk izkIr dhA mlds ckn viuh esgur o yxu ls os o"kZ 1989 esa Hkkjrh; iqfyl lsok esa p;fur gq,] ftlds ckn mUgsa mÙkj izns'k dSMj vkoafVr gqvkA os mÙkj izns'k o mÙkjk[k.M ds fofHkUu tuinksa esa egRoiw.kZ inksa ij fu;qDr jgs gSaA mUgksaus lh-vkj-ih-,iQ- ,oa ch-,l-,iQ- esa Hkh 5 o"kZ rd izfrfu;qfDr ij lsok dh gSA orZeku esa og vij iqfyl egkfuns'kd] vfHklwpuk ,oa lqj{kk rFkk funs'kd] lrdZrk] mÙkjk[k.M ds in ij rSukr gSaA Jh v'kksd dqekj dks o"kZ 2001 esa dkslksoks esa ;w-,u- fe'ku esa dke djus ds fy;s ;w-,u- ind iznku fd;k x;kA mUgsa 2006 esa ljkguh; lsokvksa ds fy;s Hkkjrh; iqfyl ind ls uoktk x;kA o"kZ 2013 esa mUgsa egkefge jk"Vªifr }kjk fof'k"V lsokvksa gsrq jk"Vªifr ds iqfyl ind ls uoktk x;kA mUgksaus ,d ØkfUrdkjh iqLrd ^[kkdh esa bUlku* fy[kh gS] ftlds fy;s mudks iqfyl vuqla/ku ,oa fodkl C;wjks] x`g ea=kky;] Hkkjr ljdkj ds xksfoUn cYyHk iUr iqjLdkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;k gSA bUgksaus flfoy lsok ijh{kk ds fy, ,d vU; izfl¼ iqLrd ^^Hkkjr dh vkarfjd lqj{kk vkSj eq[; pqukSfr;ka** Hkh fy[kh gSA mUkls fuEufyf[kr bZ&esy] isQlcqd ist ij Hkh laidZ fd;k tk ldrk gS& [email protected] isQlcqd ist&ashokkumarips

fgUnh vuqokn Jh txnh'k ik.Ms us viuh ch-,l-lh- ,oa ,e-,l-lh- (xf.kr) dh f'k{kk dqekmaQ] fo'ofo|ky;] uSuhrky ls iwjh dh vkSj bXuw ls vkink izca/u dkslZ esa ih-th- fMIyksek fd;k gSA mUgksaus o"kZ 2015 esa flfoy lsok eq[; ijh{kk esa liQyrk izkIr dh vkSj lk{kkRdkj rd igqap pqds gSaA

flfoy lsok ijh{kk liQyrk ds lw=k

vkidh eqV~Bh esa f}rh; laLdj.k

v'kksd dqekj] vkbZih,l vuqoknd

txnh'k ikaMs

CL Media (P) Ltd. has obtained the information contained in this work from sources believed to be reliable. CL Media (P) Ltd. nor its authors guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein, and neither CL Media (P) Ltd. nor its authors shall be responsible for any errors, omissions, or damages arising out of use of this information. CL Media (P) Ltd. and its authors are providing information through the work and are not attempting to offer any professional services.

CL MEDIA (P) LTD. Edition : 2020 Copyright © CL Media (P) Ltd. No part of this book may be reproduced in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronics, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning and or without the written permission of the publisher. ISBN

: 978-93-89718-75-1

Typeset by

:

CL Media DTP Unit

Administrative and Production Offices Published by : CL Media (P) Ltd. A-45, Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area, Near Mohan Estate Metro Station,

New Delhi - 110044

Marketed by : G.K. Publications (P) Ltd. A-45, Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area, Near Mohan Estate Metro Station,

New Delhi - 110044

For product information : Visit www.gkpublications.com or email to [email protected]

vH;fFkZ;ksa ls nks 'kCn tcls eSaus viuh izFke iqLrd ^[kkdh esa balku* rFkk fiQj ^Hkkjr dh vkarfjd lqj{kk vkSj eq[; pqukSfr;ka* fy[kha rc ls flfoy lsok esa tkus ds bPNqd dbZ vH;FkhZ lgk;rk o ekxZ n'kZu gsrq eq>ls feyrs jgrs gSaA muls okrkZyki djrs le; eSaus vuqHko fd;k fd muesa ls vf/dka'k dks dsafnzr] fu"i{k o ijh{kksUeq[kh ekxZn'kZu dh vR;ar vko';drk gSA eSaus bu 'kCnksa dks blfy, iz;qDr fd;k gS D;ksafd gekjs ikl mÙke dksfpax iznku djus okys dbZ dksfpax laLFkku gSa fdarq dbZ dkj.kksa ls vf/dka'k vH;FkhZ budk ykHk ugha mBk ikrs vFkok mudh lsokvksa dk mi;ksx ugha dj ikrs gSaA esjk ekuuk gS fd leqfpr Lo&ekxZn'kZu o baVjusV rd igaqp rFkk mi;qDr iBu lkexzh ds vè;;u ls ,d deZB o bZekunkj vH;FkhZ bl ijh{kk esa liQy gks ldrk gSA bl ijh{kk dh liQyrk dh dqath mi;qDr o izklafxd ikB~; lkexzh dk p;u djus rFkk vè;;u djus dh mÙke ;kstuk ij fuHkZj gSA bl iqLrd dks fy[kus dh i`"BHkwfe Hkh ;gh gSA eSa ,d xzkeh.k i`"BHkwfe ls lac¼ gw¡ rFkk nloha d{kk rd dh ik dj ldrk gw¡ ftUgsa dsafnzr ekxZn'kZu dh t:jr gSA eSaus nks vè;k; ^flfoy lsok ds {ks=k esa fdls tkuk pkfg,* rFkk ^D;ksa tkuk pkfg,* ij fy[ks gSaA bl dfBure ijh{kk esa 'kkfey gksus ds fy, ;g vR;ar egRoiw.kZ gS D;ksafd gekjh lksp Li"V gksuh pkfg, fd thou ls ge D;k pkgrs gSa rFkk gesa viuh 'kfDr;ksa ,oa detksfj;ksa dks Hkh le>uk pkfg,A xgu fparu euu ds i'pkr ;fn ,d ckj vki iwjh rjg flfoy lsok ijh{kk esa 'kkfey gksus dk fu.kZ; ysrs gSa rks vkids iz;Ruksa esa lgk;rk iznku djus gsrq vè;;u dh ;kstuk cukus dh vko';drk gksrh gSA flfoy lsok ijh{kk esa vU; vkbZvkbZVh] dSV vkfn ijh{kkvksa dh Hkkafr liQyrk izkfIr gsrq xf.krh; rFkk vfHko`fr laca/h ckSf¼drk dh vko';drk ugha gSA la{ksi esa] flfoy lsok esa liQyrk izkfIr gsrq vR;ar izfrHkk'kkyh gksuk t:jh ugha gSA bldh ctk; dbZ ?k.Vksa rd iuk 10-1&10-12 ifjp; 10-1 n`f"Vdks.k dSlk gksuk pkfg, 10-1 lkekU; vè;;u ds VkWfiDl ij ,d utj 10-2 lkekU; vè;;u izFke iz'u i=k ds fiNys o"kks± ds iz'uksa dk fo'ys"k.k 10-5 lkekU; vè;;u izFke iz'u i=k ds vè;;u ds fy;s vfuok;Z iqLrdsa 10-9

11- lkekU; vè;;u f}rh; iz'u&i=k dks le>uk 11-1&11-12 ifjp; 11-1 ikB~;Øe dk fo'ys"k.k 11-2 lkekU; vè;;u f}rh; iz'u i=k ds fiNys o"kks± ds iz'uksa dk fo'ys"k.k 11-5 lkekU; vè;;u f}rh; iz'u i=k ds vè;;u ds fy;s vfuok;Z iqLrdsa 11-10 12- lkekU; vè;;u r`rh; iz'u i=k dks le>uk 12-1&12-14 lkekU; vè;;u r`rh; iz'u i=k ds ckjs esa 12-1 ikB~;Øe dk fo'ys"k.k 12-2 lkekU; vè;;u r`rh; iz'u i=k ds fiNys o"kks± ds iz'uksa dk fo'ys"k.k 12-6 lkekU; vè;;u r`rh; iz'u i=k ds vè;;u ds fy;s vu'kaflr iqLrdsa 12-10 13- lkekU; vè;;u prqFkZ iz'u i=k dks le>uk 13-1&13-16 lkekU; vè;;u prqFkZ iz'u i=k ds ckjs esa 13-1 lkekU; vè;;u prqFkZ iz'u i=k ds fy;s dqN egRoiw.kZ fcUnq 13-2 ikB~;Øe dk fo'ys"k.k 13-2 lkekU; vè;;u prqFkZ iz'u i=k ds fiNys o"kks± ds iz'uksa dk fo'ys"k.k 13-8 dsl vè;;u dks gy djuk@le>uk 13-12 14- fucaèk ys[ku dh dyk ifjp;

14-1&14-8 14-1

;w-ih-,l-lh- dh D;k vis{kk gS

14-1

vPNs fucaèk ls D;k vis{kk gksrh gS vPNk fucaèk dSls fy[kk tkuk pkfg,\ fucaèk ys[ku ds pj.k fucaèk ys[ku ds fy;s dqN lkekU; lq>ko

14-2 14-2 14-3 14-6

15- iuk rS;kjh fujarj ,oa fu;fer djsa fdl ij è;ku ugha nsuk pkfg, xr o"kksaZ ds ç'ku i=k dk fo'ys"k.k eq[; ijh{kk dqN lkoZdkfyd ilanhnk L=kksr if=kdk,a ,oa osclkbVsa lekpkj i=k vè;;u esa fdruk le; nsa v[kckjksa esa çfrfnu D;k i