2013-2019 UPS SE

C

la?k yksd lsok vk;ksx

flfoy lsok ijh{kk

eq[; ijh{kk

lkekU; vè;;u gy&iz'u i= PAPER : I – IV

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© KIRAN INSTITUTE OF CAREER EXCELLENCE PVT. LTD. (KICX) NEW EDITION The copyright of this book is entirely with the Kiran Institute of Career Excellence Pvt. Ltd. The reproduction of this book or a part of this will be punishable under the Copyright Act. All disputes subject to Delhi jurisdiction. Every possible effort has been made to ensure that the information contained in this book is accurate at the time of going to press, and the publishers and authors cannot accept responsibility for any errors or omissions, however caused. No responsibility for loss or damage occasioned to any person acting, or refraining from action, as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by the editor, the publisher or any of the authors. Price : Rs. 395.00 (Rupees Three Hundred and Ninety Five Only) Compiled by : Think Tank of PRATIYOGITA KIRAN, KIRAN PRAKASHAN & KICX Assistance : z Rakesh Kumar z Govind Pd. Singh z Sanket Sah z Auranjeb Khan Design & Layout by : KICX COMPUTER SECTION, New Delhi. Printed at : MAA LAXMI PRINTER, Plot No. 2-A, Khasra No. 20/20, Begumpur Extn. Delhi-110086

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;g iqLrd D;ksa ? thou osQ lHkh {ks=kksa esa ^dkj.k vkSj ifj.kke* osQ fl¼kar esa gekjk ges'kk ls n`uk pkfg, vkSj muds loZJs"B mÙkj ds ckjs esa fopkj djuk pkfg,A ,slk ^VkWilZ* Hkh djrs jgs gSaA iz'uksÙkj vkèkkfjr vè;;u dh ;g foèkk vkids vopsru eu dks fofoèk vn`'; pqukSfr;ksa dk lkeuk djus esa l{ke cuk,xhA oqQN gn rd vki ,sls iz'uksa dh Hkfo";ok.kh djus esa Hkh l{ke gks ldrs gSa tks ;wih,llh Hkfo"; esa flfoy lsok ijh{kk esa iwN ldrh gSA blhfy, bl iqLrd ds ys[ku ls iwoZ foxr o"kZ ds iz'uksa dk dbZ ckj vè;;u fd;k x;kA bu iz'uksa ds fo'ys"k.k ds nkSjku ;g ik;k x;k fd ;s iz'u ,d lqfuf'pr izo`fÙk dk vuqlj.k dj jgs gSaA bl iqLrd osQ fy, iz'uksa osQ mÙkj ys[ku ds nkSjku bu izo`fÙk;ksa vkSj fufgr fl¼karksa ij fo'ks"k :i ls è;ku fn;k x;k gSA

flfoy lsok ijh{kk dh rS;kjh ds nkSjku mÙkj ys[ku dk fujarj vH;kl rks vifjgk;Z gS] fdarq ;g Hkh leku :i ls egRoiw.kZ gS fd vki fliZQ ^fy[kus osQ fy, u fy[ksa* cfYd mÙkj ys[ku esa ^mÙkjksÙkj lqèkkj osQ fy, fy[ksa*A tc Hkh vki mÙkj fy[ksa] vius vopsru eu dks ;g lans'k nsa fd vki lqèkkj djus ds fy, fy[k jgs gSaA vr% mÙkj ys[ku esa uoksUes"kh cusa] vkxs pydj ;g vkidks cgqr cM+k ifj.kke fnyk,xkA fo"k;oLrq] laxrrk vkSj lajpuk vkfn csgrj mÙkj ys[ku ds egRoiw.kZ igyw gSa] fdarq vkidks mÙkj ys[ku dh izLrqfr dh Hkh vogsyuk ugha djuh pkfg,A vkids ikl mÙkj osQ fy, ,d leqfpr :ijs[kk gksuh pkfg, rkfd ;g laxfBr&lajfpr gks vkSj iwNs x, iz'uksa ds tokc lqfopkfjr yxsaA mÙkj dk izkjaHk 2&3 okD;ksa dh Hkwfedk ls gksuk pkfg, vkSj blds eq[; Hkkx esa lHkh lEc¼ i{kksa dk lE;d mÙkj fy[kk gksuk pkfg,A mÙkj okys mi'kh"kZdksa esa cqysV IokbaV dk bLrseky djuk pkfg,A vUr esa fo'ys"k.kkRed fu"d"kZ fy[kus pkfg,A vkids }kjk fy[ks x, mÙkjksa esa cgqvk;keh igyqvksa] ikfjHkkf"kd 'kCnksa vkSj vk'kkoknh Loj tSlh fo'ks"krkvksa dks lekfgr djuk pkfg,A bl iqLrd esa mDr lHkh pqukSfr;ksa ds lekèkku vkSj fofoèk igyqvksa dks lekdfyr djus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA bl iqLrd dk fu;fer varjky ij vè;;u djuk vkSj mÙkj ys[ku dk fujarj vH;kl djuk ;wih,llh flfoy lsok ijh{kk (CSE) esa liQyrk dh dqath lkfcr gks ldrh gSA ;kn j[ksa fd bl egku ns'k dh mRÑ"V lsokvksa dh rS;kjh vkidks ns'k ds yksxksa dh lsok djus dk csgrjhu volj iznku djrh gSA blds fy, vkidks xkSjokfUor gksuk pkfg,A blfy, dksbZ dlj u NksM+saA cxSj dksbZ volj xok,¡ viuk loksZÙke iz;kl djsa vkSj Lo;a ij Hkjkslk j[ksa fd vkidks dke;kch vo'; feysxhA vr% n`ku vPNs vad gkfly djus dh laHkkouk ds lanHkZ esa vifjofrZr jgrs gSaA blds ihNs dkj.k ;g gS fd lkekU; vè;;u ¾ ;wih,llh us fiNys dqN o"kks± esa flfoy lsok eq[; ijh{kk dh çÑfr ,oa ikB~;Øe esa dbZ lkjs ifjorZu fd, gSaA fuca/ rFkk iz'u&i=k&1 ds ikB~;Øe dk yxHkx nks frgkbZ Hkkx LFkSfrd gSA ijarq oSdfYid iz'u&i=kksa ds vfrfjDr fiQygky lkekU; vè;;u bldk vFkZ ;g ugha gS fd bl iz'u&i=k esa LFkSfrd Hkkx vf/d ds pkj iz'u&i=k gSaA gksus ds dkj.k blesa rF;kRed iz'uksa dh la[;k T;knk gksxh vkSj bldk vFkZ ;g gS fd blesa iwoZ o"kks± ds iz'uksa dh iqujko`fÙk gksrh ¾ eq[; ijh{kk iw.kZr% fooj.kkRed gSA dksbZ vH;FkhZ ugha tkurk dh ;wih,llh dh vad nsus dh i¼fr D;k gS\ gesa FkksM+k cgqr gSA bldk dsoy ;g vFkZ gS fd vkus okyh lelkef;d ?kVukvksa ekxZn'kZu ;wih,llh dh flfoy lsok ijh{kk foKfIr ls izkIr ds lkFk bl iz'u&i=k dk ikB~;Øe ifjofrZr ugha gksrk gSA dbZ gksrk gS] tks uhps fn;k x;k gSA lkjs iz'u lkekU; vè;;u iz'u&i=k&1 esa er vkèkkfjr Hkh gksrs gSa] 7

UPSC CSE

eq[; ijh{kk lkWYoM isilZ

¶ç'u&i=k bl izdkj gksaxs] ftlls mEehnokj dh lHkh izklafxd eqíksa dh vk/kjHkwr le> rFkk fo'ys"k.k ;ksX;rk@n{krk dks ij[kk tk lds rFkk ijLij fojks/h lektkfFkZd y{;ksa] mís';ksa rFkk ekaxksa ij mlds n`f"Vdks.k dks le>k tk ldsA mEehnokj dks pkfg, fd og çklafxd] vFkZiw.kZ laf{kIr mÙkj iznku djsaA¸ ;s okD; gh vkidh rS;kjh ds ekxZn'kZd fl¼kar gksus pkfg,A vkidks VkWfid ij fo'ks"kK gksus dh t:jr ugha gSA çR;sd VkWfid ij vkidh vk/kjHkwr le> gksuh pkfg,] tks Hkh VkWfid ikB~;Øe esa fn;k x;k gS mldks fo'ysf"kr djus dh ;ksX;rk gksuh pkfg,A ¾ vc ç'u ;g mBrk gS ^vk/kjHkwr le>* dks dSls fodflr djsa\ rks bldk mÙkj gS fd vk/kjHkwr le> dsoy i % la?kh; lwph] jkT; lwph ,oa leorhZ lwph ekeys esa la?k ,oa jkT; ds eè; Li"V 'kfDr;ksa ds Li"V foHkktu ls lacaf/rA jkT; ,oa dsUnz ljdkj ds eè; 'kfDr;ksa ,oa dk;ks± ds ekeys&tSls fd jkT; fo"k;ksa] ;Fkk&Ñf"k] dkuwu ,oa O;oLFkk] fo'ks"k jkT; dk ntkZ bR;kfn ls fuiVus ds ekeysA

jkT; ds fofHk laxBu tSl&s fo/kf;dk] dk;Zikfydk ,oa U;k;ikfydk dh ewy le>A jkT; ds rhu egÙoiw.kZ fgLlksa ds] vfrO;kih dk;Z ls lacaf/r ekeys] U;kf;d leh{kk] U;kf;d lfØ;rk ,oa 'kfDr;ksa dk vfrØe.kA vU; laxBu tSls ;wih,llh ,oa lhohlh ds eè; ekeys] uhfr vk;ksx ,oa foÙk vk;ksx ds eè; vFkok laoS/kfud laLFkkvksa ds vFkok laoS/kfud ,oa lkafof/d laLFkkvksa ds eè; ekeysA fookn fuokj.k ra=k ,oa laLFkku&U;k;ikfydk] vf/dj.k] dsUnzh; lrdZrk vk;ksx (CVC)] yksd vnkyr] yksdk;qDr] varj jkT; ifj"kn~] {ks=kh; ifj"kn] ,uMhlhA lkoZtfud f'kdk;r fuokj.k ra=k tSls lwpuk dk vf/dkj (RTI)] tufgr ;kfpdk 3,/ ] flVhtu pkVZj bR;kfnA

lanHkZ ds fy, Ïksr ,oa iqLrdsa % P

VkW f id 2 ds va n j mfYyf[kr iz d j.k dk vè;;u djus ds i'pkr~ oS p kfjd le> ds fy, ^Hkkjr dk la f o/ku&,d ifjp;* Mh-Mh- clq ds (vè;k;&21] 22 ,oa 23)A P iz'kklfud lq/kj desVh dh 7oha fjiksVZ ^fookn lqy>kus ds fy, {kerk fuekZ.k* {ks=kh; vlekurkvksa] mÙkjh&iwohZ la?k"kZ] ysÝV ¯ox pjeiaFkh] unh ty fookn] ,llh ,oa ,lVh ekeys bR;kfn eqíksa dks le>us dh varn`Zf"V iznku djsxk ,oa varj jkT; ifj"kn~] {ks=kh; ifj"kn~] ,uMhlh] jk"Vªh; ekuokf/dkj vk;ksx] ,llh@,lVh ds fy, jk"Vªh; vk;ksx bR;kfn la?k"kZ lek/ku ds fy, ifjpkyu ,oa laLFkkxr O;oLFkkA P orZeku eqís tSls fofHk laxBuksa dk la?k"kZ ,oa fookn fuokj.k ra=k ds fy, lekpkj&i=k lgh Ïksr gSaA

la?k ,oa jkT;ksa ds dk;Z ,oa ftEesnkjh] la?kh; lajpuk ls laEcfU/r eqís ,oa pqukSfr;ka] LFkkuh; Lrj ij 'kfDr;ksa ,oa foÙk dk forj.k ,oa mlls tqM+h pqukSfr;kaA ¾

la?kh; lajpuk ls lacaf/r eqís ,oa pqukSfr;ka&la?k ,oa jkT; ds eè; fo/k;h] dk;Zdkjh ,oa foÙkh; 'kfDr;ksa dk forj.kA

vU; ns'kksa ls Hkkjrh; lafo/ku osQ izko/kuksa dh rqyuk djus ij ¾

13

;w,l] ;wds] :l] Úkal] teZuh] tkiku vkfn nqfu;kHkj ds lafoèkku

UPSC CSE

¾

eq[; ijh{kk lkWYoM isilZ

dh izeq[k fo'ks"krkvksa ds lanHkZ esa cqfu;knh fopkjA çeq[k fo'ks"krk tSls&ljdkj ds izdkj] ekSfyd vf/dkj] jkT; ds vaxksa dh loksPZ prk] 'kfDr;ksa dk i`FkDdj.k] la?kokn] ,dkRedrk bR;kfnA Hkkjrh; lafo/ku dh m/kj yh xbZ fo'ks"krk,a tSls&fyf[kr lafoèkku] lafo/ku dh dBksjrk ,oa yphykiu] ljdkj dk lalnh; :i] la?kh; fo'ks"krk,a] ekSfyd vf/dkj] ekSfyd dÙkZO;] jkT; ds uhfr funs'kd rRo] vkikrdkyhu izko/ku bR;kfnA

¾

¾

lanHkZ ds fy, lzksr ,oa iqLrdsa % P

ykxr ykHk dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, O;fDr dks iqLrdksa ,oa Hkkjh Hkjde uksV~l ls cpuk pkfg,A P fofHk lekpkj&i=k ,oa orZeku fodkl ij vf/d fuHkZjrk gksuh pkfg,A P ;wih,llh dHkh Hkh iw.kZ LFkSfrd fodkl ij vf/d fuHkZjrk gksuh pkfg,A P ;wih,llh dHkh Hkh iwoZ LFkSfrd iz'u ugha iwNsxk ftlds fy, fofHk lafo/kuksa ls O;kid vuqorhZ dh vko';drk gSA P ;fn ;wih,llh bl rjg ds iz'u iwNrk gS] ,sls iz'uksa dh mis{kk djuk ,oa vkxs c