Story Transcript
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
Nkw;ghu;it: V.N[.vy;.t]Py; (M.Ed, M.Phil, Ph.D® - SEUSL tUif tpupTiuahsu; - FIA, FAC – SEUSL, tUif tpupTiuahsu; - OUSL, tUif tpupTiuahsu; - NIE, rpNu\;l tpupTiuahsu; - Njrpa fy;tpaw; fy;Y}up - ml;lhisr;Nriz.
ntspaPL: 2019/2020 ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs; ,];yhkpa fw;iffs; kw;Wk; muGnkhopg; gPlk; ,yq;if njd;fpof;Fg; gy;fiyf;fofk; xYtpy;
Kd;Diu ,yq;if njd;fpof;F gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd; ,];yhkpa fw;if kw;Wk; muG nkhop gPlj;jpy; 2019/2020 fy;tp Mz;by; fy;tp fw;Fk; Kjyhk; tUl khztu; f s; rp N u\; l tp u p T iuahsu; V.N[.vy; t]P y ; mtu; f sp d ; Cf;fspdhy; jw;fhy r%fg; gpur;rpidfSk; mtw;Wf;fhd jPu;TfSk; vd;w jiyg;gpd; Clhf gy;NtW gl;l Ma;Tfis jw;fhy eilKiw R+oNyhL njhlu;GgLj;jp rpe;jid kw;Wk; mwptpay; vDk; ghlj; Jiwapd; Clhf vq;fshy; Kd;nkhopag;gl;l Mf;fkhdJ ghuhl;lg;gl;ljd; tpisthf jw;NghJ tpupTiuahsu; V.N[.vy;.trPy; mtu;fspd; JizAld; r%fg; gpur;rpidfSk; rpe;jid jPu;TfSk; vd;w jiyg;gpid gpujhd fUg;nghUshf nfhz;L vkJ xd;wpize;j Kaw;rpapd; %ykhf ,e;E}iy cUthf;fpAs;Nshk;. rkfhyj;jpy; r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; rhu;e;J xU ghu;itahfNt ,e;E}yhdJ mikag;ngw;Ws;sJ. vkJ ehl;by; thOk; gy;ypd r%fj;jpy; kjk; kw;Wk; gy;NtW fyhrhu ghuk;gupaq;fs; epiwe;j ,e;ehl;bNy! r%fj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; gy;NtW R+oy; rhu; kw;Wk; fy;tp> rl;ltpNuhj nraw;ghLfs;> kjq;fSf;F ,ilapyhd NtWghL >jfty; njhlu;ghly; njhopy;El;gj;jpd; jhf;fk; Nghd;W gue;J tpupe;j fz;Nzhl;lj;jpy; mtjhdpf;fg;gl;L> khztu;fspdhy; xt;nthU gpuNjrq;fis vLj;J mq;F fhzg;gLk; r%f gpur;rpidfSk; mjw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; kw;Wk; mjdhy; Vw;gLk; tpisTfisAk; capuj ; j ; upeJ ; Muha;eJ ; njhFf;fg;gl;L> ,e; E}y; rpe;jid tbthf ntspf;nfhz;L te;jpUg;gjpy; vt;tpj IaKkpy;iy. NkYk; ,e;E}ypy; r%fg; gpur;rpidfis ,Wjpf; fl;lj;jpw;F tUtij Nehf;fhfTk; r%fj;jpd; vOr;rpia fUg;nghUshff; nfhz;Lk; tpku;rd uPjpapy; rkNahrpj rpej ; id Clhf 220 khztu;fis ehw;gj;jpuz;L FOf;f shfg; gp u p j ;J xt;n thU FOf;f Sk; NtWgl;l Ma;T fsp y ; vd; g jid njup t p j ; J f; nfhs; t jp y ; ngUk; kfpo;r;rpailfpd;Nwd;.
E}yhf;ff;FO.
II
mzpe;Jiu gp];kpy;yh`pu;u`;khdpu;u`Pk; fy; t p mikr; r p d ; mDkjp A ld; ghlrhiyfsp y ; fw;gpf;fg;gLk; juk; 1 njhlf;fk; juk; 13 tiuahd n g h J g ;g h l t p j h d fi y j ;j p l ;l k ; %yk; khztu; f sp l j; j py; r%fj; j pwd; f s; > MSikj; jp w d; f s; > rp e ; j idj; j p w d; f s; vd; g d tsu; f ; f g; g l Ntz; L k; vd typAWj;jg;gLfpwJ. mr;rpej ; idj; jpwdpDs; Ma;Tr;rpe;jid> gFg;gha;Tr; rpej ; id> njhFj;jwp rpe;jid> ca;j;jwp; rpe;jid, Mf;fr; rpe;jid vd;gd rpythFk;. ,r;rpe;jidj; jpwd;fis NkYk; tsu;f;Fk; Nehf;fpYk; gy;fiyf;fof gl;ljhupfis GyikAs;s njhopw;re;ijNahL ,izf;Fk; Nehf;fpYk; gy; f iyf; f of fiyj; jp l ; l q; f sp y ; fhyhfhyk; Vw; g Lj; j g; g Lk; rPuj ; pUj;jq;fspd; mbg;gilapYk; ,yq;if njd;fpof;Fg; gy;fiyf;fofj;jpy; mwG ,];yhkpa fw;if gPlj;jpy; tpku;rd rpe;jidAk;> tpQ;QhdKiwAk; vDk; 30 kzpjj ; pahyq;fisf; nfhz;l Nfhl;ghL> nraw;ghl;L fiyj;jpl;lk; khztu; f Sf; F eilKiwg; g Lj; j g; g Lfp w J. ,jd; %yk; ehl; b d; mwpTg;nghUshjhuj;jpw;F gq;fspg;G nra;Ak; gl;ljhupfis ,g;ghlnewpapd; %yKk; ntspaPL nra;a KbAk; vd;gJ vdJ ek;gpf;if. njspthfTk;> mwpTG+u;tkhfTk; rpe;jpg;gjw;fhd jpwNd tpku;rd rpe;jid vdg;gLk;. ,jid miltjw;F khztu;fs; Mf;fr; rpe;jid> Ma;Tr; rpe;jid> %Nyhgha rpe;jid> rkNahrpj rpe;jid> tpQ;Qhd Ma;T Kiwfs; vd;gd gw;wp Mokhf mwpe;jpUj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. ,jdhy; ,f;fw;if khztu;fsplj;jpy; Mo;e;j rpe;jidf;Fk;> Rje;jpukhd rpe;jidf;Fk; toptFf;fpwJ. ,jw;F gapw;rp Kf;fpak;.
III
,tu;fs; ,g;ghlj;jpid fw;w fhyj;jpy; ngw;w gapw;rpapd; ntspaPLfspy; xd;Nw r%fg; gpur;rpidfSk;> rpe;jidj; jPu;TfSk; vDk; ,e;E}yhFk;. rpe;jid kdpj elj;ijfspy; xd;whFk;. mJ xU kdpjid ,d;ndhU kdpjdplkpUe;J NtWgLj;JfpwJ. mjdhy; mJ xU mwpTr; nraw;ghlhFk;. ,d;Dk; mJ xU Kjd;ikahd Mf;fr; nraw;ghlhFk;. Mjyhy; rpe;jpg;gJ xU fiyahFk; . ,f; f iyia cyf ehLfspYs ; s Kd; d zpg; gy;fiyf;fofq;fspy; mz;ikf;fhykhf ghlnewpahf Nghjpf;fpd;wJ. m j ; nj h l u p N y N a n j d ;f p o f; Fg ; g y ;f i y f; fo f K k ; m j i d cs;thq;fpAs;sJ. mjdhy;jhd; gy;fiyf;fof khztu;fs; mwpTf;Fk; Nkyhd Qhdj;jpid fhjypgg ; tu;fshf (Love of Wisdom) ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd typAWj;jg;gLfpwJ. ,jw;F ce;Jrf;jpahf tpku;rd rpe;jidapd; tpupTiufSk;> mjd; cs;slf;fq;fSk; mike;J cjTfpd;wJ. tpku;rd rpe;jid mwptpid Njbg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sTk;> nfhs;iffis tpUj;jp nra;aTk; gykhd thjq;fisf; fl;bnaOg;gTk;> vk;ikAk; vkJ r%fg; gpur;rpidfisAk;> jPu;j;J Kd;Ndw;wTk; vkf;F cjt Kd;tUfpwJ. 2019/2020 ,];yhkpa fw;if Kjyhk; tUl khztu;fshy; Covid-19 fhyg;gFjpapy; Kjyhk; gUtj;jpy; (1st Semester) tpku;rd rpe;jidAk;> tpQ;QhdKiwAk; vDk; tpupTiuia 2021y; Zoom ,izatopj; njhopEl;gk; %yk;; KOikahf fw;wjd; gpd; gpur;rpid jPu;j;jy;> KbntLj;jy; vDk; nraw;ghl;Lj; jpl;lj;jpy; rpe;jid tiffs;> tpQ;Qhd Ma;T Kiwfs;> %Nyhgha rpej ; id> rkNahrpj rpej ; id> tpku;rd rpe;jid vd;gitfisf; fw;wjd; gpd;du; ,itfis gpuNahfpj;Jg; ghu;f;Fk; mk;rkhf Rkhu; 225 ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fis 05 khztu;fs; nfhz;l 42 FOf;fshf gpupj;J jj;jkJ gpuNjr fy;tp> r%f gpur;rpidfis jhk; fw;w tpku;rd rp e ; j idAk; tp Q ; Q hd Kiw vDk; ghlj; j p d ; %yk; gp u r; r p i dj; jiyg;Gf;fisj; njupT nra;J
IV
mjw;fhd fhuzq;fisAk; jPu;TfisAk; fz;lwpe;J gtu;ngha;d;l; tp s f; f f; f hl; r p ep f o; j ; J iffshf (Power Point Presentations) k p f j ; j p w i k a h f K d; i t j ; j d u; . , i tf s ; g p d ;d u ; F O fye;Jiuahly;fSf;F cl;gLj;jg;gl;L jpUj;jq;fSf;Fl;gl;L Covid 19 f;F kj;j p ap Yk; khztu;fsp l j;j p y ; ,yj;j p u dp ay; rhjdq;fs; gw;whf;Fiw fhzg;gl;l NghjpYk; $l ngUk; Kaw;rpf;F kj;jpapy; ,e;E}iy cUthf;fpAs;sdu;. ,jd; %yk; gy;fiyf;fof khztu;fspd; ,Wjp ,yf;Ffspy; xd;whd Ma;thsu;fshf khWk; rthiy Kjyhk; tUlj;jpNyNa njhlq;Ftjw;F khztu;fs; xj;Jiog;G toq;fpaik vdf; F kfp o ; r ; r p A +l; L k; mk; r khFk; . ,J Ma; T Kaw; r p xd; w p d ; njhlf;fkhFk;. ,d;W r%fj;jpy; Njhd;Wk; gy;NtW r%fg; gpur;ridfis Jiwrhu;eN; jhu; my;yhky; NtW rpy egu;fs; rpe;jpg;gjhYk; mtw;iw rpe;jpg;gjw;Fupa tpQ;QhdG+u;t El;gq;fs;;, rpe;jid Kiwfis njupahjjhYk; mtw;iw eilKiwg;gLj;JtjhYk; r%fk; gy;NtW gpur;rpidfSf;F Kfk; nfhLj;J tUfpwJ. ,itfisnay;yhk; eptu;j;jpf;Fk; tpjkhfTk; tpku;rd rpe;jidAk; tpQ;Qhd KiwAk; fw;Fk; khztu;fshy; r%fg; gpur;rpidfis vt;thW jPu;g;gJ vd;gjid ,e;E}ypYs;s epfoj;Jif gapw;rp %yk; mwpe;Js;sdu;. ,jd; %yk; ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs; gpuNahf uPjpahf rKf gpur;rpidfis jPu;f;Fk; mwpitAk; ngw;Ws;sdu; vDk; kd kfpo;itAk; vdf;F Vw;gLj;JfpwJ. ,j;jifa r%fg; gpur;rpidfisAk;> fhuzq;fisAk; jPu;TfisAk; Kd;itj;j epfoj;Jiffis (Presentations) E}yhf Mf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W vd;dplk; Nfhupf;if tpLj;j NghJ kpfTk; re;Njh\j;Jld; mwG
V
,];yhkpa fw;if gPlhjpgjp> mjd; Jiwj; jiytu;fs;> ,izg;ghsu;fs; Nghd;NwhUld; fye;Jiuahba NghJ kfpo;r;rpAld; mtu;fs; mDkjpj;jik ,k;khztu;fSf;F ngUk; kfpo;r;rpia Vw;gLj;jpAs;sJ. mjw;fhf tpN\l ed;wpfisj; njuptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd;. Covid-19 fhyj; j p y ; tP L fsp y ; Klq; f p A s; s vkJ gy; f iyf; f of khztu; f sp d ; mwp T kl; L ky; y cs eyj; j p Y k; ftdk; nrYj; j Ntz;LnkDk; fy;tp mikr;rpd; mwpTWj;jYf;fika ,e;E}ypid moF> ,urizAld; Zoom ,iza njhopy;El;gj;jpy; ,yj;jpudpay; E}yhf (E-Book) mtu;fsJ jpwikfisAk;> njhopy; El;gj; jpwd;fisAk; ,izj;J Zoom ,y; muq;Nfw;WtJ ,d;Dk; ,ul;bg;G kfpo;r;rpia Vw; g Lj; J fp w J. ,jd; %yk; etP d ,yj; j p u dp a y; fy; t p njhop y ; El;gj;ijAk;> jpwidAk;> Mw;wy;fisAk;; ngw;wtu;fshf khwpAs;sdu;. ,jdhy; ,t; ,yj;jp udp ay; E}y; ntspaPL khztu;fspd; rp e;jid tl;lj;jpYk;> Mw;wy; tl;lj;jpYk; xU khw;wj;ij Vw;gLj;;Jk; vd;gJ vdJ cWjpahd ek;gpf;ifahFk;. NkYk; vjpu;fhyj;jpy; re;jpf;Fk; gpur;rpidfis rpe;jpj;Jj; jPu;g;gu; vd;w ek;gpf;ifAKz;L. ,g;ghl tpupTiufspd; ,Wjpapy; khztu;fs; jhdhfNt K d; t e ;J , t ; t p up T i uf s ; e y ; y rp e ; j i d nr a; a v k ;i k khw;wj;Jf;Fs;shf;fpAs;sJ vd;W $wpaJ NkYk; NkYk; vdf;F kfpor ; ;rpia Vw;gLj;jpaJ vd;gij ,q;F kfpo;rpAld; $wpf;nfhs;s tpUk;GfpNwd;. Mjyhy; ,t; ,yj;jpudpay; E}ypid ntspapl Kd; te;jpUf;Fk; ,];yhkpa fw;iffs; Jiw khztu;fspd; E}y; ntspaPLk;> epfo;TfSk; rpwg;ghf mika ,iwtid gpuhj;jpj;J tho;j;Jfpd;Nwd;. mj;Jld; ,e;E}y; Mf;f j;j p w ;f hf cioj;j ,]; y hkp a fw; i f khztu; fSf; F ed;w p $WtNjhL E}y; Mf;f njhopDl;g FOtpw;F tpN\l ed;wpfisAk; njuptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd;. VI
mj;Jld; ,e;E}y; Mf;fj;jpw;fhf cioj;j Rkhu; 225 ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fSf;F ed;wp $WtNjhL E}y; Mf;f njhopDl;g FOtpwF ; tpN\l ed;wpfisAk; njuptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd;. NkYk; ,tw;iw jiyikjhq;fp topelhj;jpa E}y; Mf;fj; njhopDl;g FO Kjd;ik cWg;gpdu;fshd F.A.m];fhj;, A.J.M m]hk; mtu;fSf;Fk;> E}ypw;fhd ml;ilg;glk; xOq; f ikj; j M.H.M.\p g ; f hd; mtu; f Sf; F k; > mj; N jhL jkJ KOikahd gq;fspg;Gf;fisAk; toq;fpa Vida njhopEl;gf; FO mq;fj;jtu;fshd>R.M.upfh];>K.M.M..m&];>I.F.\hfpuh>S.]d;\j p h>N.e]P`h ghD>N.A.F.E];fh>S.I.m&]h>M.N.F.,];uh>M.A.F.upfh]h>M.M.F.kp`d ; h> M.B.neg;dh \pNuhd;,B.upg;dh MfpNahUf;Fk; vdJ tpN\l ed;wpfisj; njup t p j ; J f; nfhs; f p N wd; . mj; N jhL tp o htp i d xOq; f ikj; J epfo;r;rpfspy; gq;Fgw;wpNahUf;Fk; vdJ csg;G+u;tkhd ed;wpfs;.
V. N[ . v y ;. t ] P y ; ( M.Ed, M.Phil, Ph.D® - SEUSL)
tUif tpupTiuahsu; - FIA, FAC - SEUSL, tUif tpupTiuahsu; - fy;tp gPlk; - The Open University Sri Lanka, tUif tpupTiuahsu; - Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk; rpNu\;l tpupTiuahsu; - Njrpa fy;tpaw; fy;Y}up - ml;lhisr;Nriz. t];]yhk; ed;wp 06.12.2021
VII
MrpAiu mstw;w mUshsDk; epfuw;w md;GilatDkhd my;yh`;tpd; jpUg;ngauhy; Muk;gk; nra;fpd;Nwd;. ,iwJ}jH K`k;kj; (]y;) mtu;fs; kPJk; mtiug; gpd;gw;w pa midtu; kPJk; rhe;jpA k; rkhjhdKk; cz;lhtjhf. Kjypy; ,e;E}ypw;F MrpAiu vOjf; fpilj;jikapl;L kfpo;r;rpailfpd;Nwd;. gy; f iyf; f of khztHfs; jkJ fw; w y; eltbf; i ffSf; F Nkyjpfkhf jkJ jpwikfisAk; Mw;wy;fisAk; tsHj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz; L k; . mtw; W s; Ma; T kdg; g hd; i kAk; Ma; T j; jp w Dk; kp f Kf;fpakhditahFk;. ve;j xU tplaj;ijAk; Ma;Tf; fz;Nzhl;lj;NjhL EZfpg; ghHj;J> mtw;Wf;fhd fhuzq;fis ,dq;fz;L> mtw;iwj; jPHj;J itg;g jw;fhd tpj e;Jiufis Kd;itf;fpd;w jpwik khztHfspl k; cUthf;fg;gly; Ntz;Lk;. mjw;fhd xU fhj;jpukhd Kaw;rpahf ehd; ,jidf; fhz;fpd;Nwd;. ,e;E}y; ,];yhkpa fw;iffs; Jiw khztu;fspd; Ma;T Nehf;fpidAk; mtu;fsJ rpe;jidj; jpwd;fisAk; vkf;F njspTg;gLj;jpAs;sJ. ,jpy; 2019/2020 fy;tpahz;by; ,];yhkpa fw;iffs; Jiwf;Fj; njupT nra;ag;gl;l Kjyhk; tUl khztu;fs; ,yq;if r%fj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; gpur;rpidfis ,dq;fz;L> mjw;fhd fhuzq;fis Njb> Ma;T nra;J> mjw;fhd jPu;Tfis gy;NtWgl;l Ma;T Kiwfs;> rpe;jid Kiwfs; vd;gtw;iw gad;gLj;jp ntspapLk; Kaw;rp ngupJk; tuNtw;fj;jf;fjhFk;. fle;j gj;J tUl fhykhf ,]; y hkp a fw;i ffs; kw;W k; mwG nkhop g ; gP l j; j p y ; fw;gpf;fg;gLk; fw;iffSs; xd;whd tpku;rd rpe;jidfSk; tpQ;Qhd KiwAk; vd;w ghlk; ,j;Jiw khztu;fspd; rpe;jid Mw;wypid mjpfupff ; g; gf;;fgykhf ,Ue;J te;Js;sJ. ,jw;F ,e;E}y; xU Kf;fpa rhd;whFk;. VIII
,e;E}ypy; khztu;fshy; r%fj;jpy; GiwNahbg; NghAs;s gy;NtW r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; Ma;Tf;Fl;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. mit NkYk; EZf;fkhf Muhag;gly; Ntz;Lk;. xU Muk;g Kaw;rp vd;wtifapy; ,k;khztHfs; ghuhl;lg;gl Ntz;bath;fs;. ,jpy; ngUk; gpuaj;jdj;NjhL ,];yhkpa fw;iffs; kw;Wk; mwG nkhopg; gPlk;> njd;fpof;Fg; gy;fiyf;fofk;. 04.12.2021
IX
kjpgG; iu gp];kpy;yh`pu;u`;khdpu;u`Pk; rk fhyj; j p d ; Njitahf cs; s r%f gp u r; r p i dfis mbg; g ilahff; nfhz; L s; s gpur;rpid jiyg;Gfis cs;slf;fp ,j; njhFg;G E}y; ntspaplg;gLtjid epidj;J ngUk; kfpo;r;rp ailfpd;Nwd;. rpNu\;l tpupTiuahsuhf gzpahw;wp nfhz;bUf;ff;$ba V.N[.vy; trPy; mtu;fs; khztu;fis Cf;fg;gLj;jpajd; Kaw;rpapd; gyd; vd;W ,e; E}ypid nrhy;yyhk;. Kf;fpakhf ,jpy; cs;slf;fg;gl;L ,Uf;fpd;w jiyg;Gf;fs; ahTk; rkfhyj;jpy; tpupthf fl;lhakhf Ma;T nra;ag;gl;L gpur;rpidfs; KOikahf milahsk; fhzg; g l; L > mtw; W f; f hd jP u ; T fs; Kd;itf;fg;gl Ntz;ba jiyg;Gfshf mit mike;jpUf;fpd;wd. Nkw;gb jiyg;Gf;fspy; Muk;g ftdk; nrYj;jp ,Uf;fpd;wik rkfhy mwpTj; Jiwapy; ,yq;if njd;fpof;F gy;fiyf;fof ,];yhkpa fw;if Kjyhk; tUl khztu;fs; Gjpa jfty;fSld; ,Uf;fpd;whu;fs; vd;gjid vdf;F nrhy;y $bajhfTk; mtjhdpf;f; $bajhfTk; ,Uf;fpd;wJ. epr;rakhf ,e;j jiyg;GfSk; ,jNdhL rk;ge;jg;gl;l KbTfSk; r%fj;jpw;F gad;juf;$baitahfTk;> r%fj;jpDila gpur;rpidfis Mokhf milahsg;gLj;jf;$bajhfTk; mike;jpUf;fpd;wd vd;gjpy; re;Njfk; ,y;iy. MfNt vkJ rpNu\;l tpupTiuahsu; V.N[.vy; trP y ; mtu; f sp d ; Kaw; r p A k; ,]; y hkp a fw; i f Kjyhk; tUl khztu;fspkdJk; nghd;dhd Neuq;fis nrytopj;J mtu;fis ,J Nghd;w Ma;Tfspy; mwG ,];yhkpa fw;iffs; gPlk;> ,yq;if njd;fpof;F gy;fiyf;fofk;.
XI
tho;jJ ; iu r%fg; gp u r; r p i dfs; - fhuzq;f Sk; jP u ; T fSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)vDk; E}Yf;F tho;j;Jiu toq;Ftj;jpy; ngUkfpo;r;rp milfpd;Nwd;. fhyj;jpd; Njitf;Nfw;w eilKiw rhu;e;j tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghd fUj;jhly;fis cs;slf;fp ,Uf;fpd;w ,e;j E}yhf;f Kaw;rpahdJ ghuhl;Lf;FupaJk; tuNtw;fj;jf;fJkhFk;. ,e;E}ypy; cs;thq;fg;gl;Ls;s Kd;nkhopTfshdJ vjpu;fhyj;jpy; ey;y r%fj; jP u ; T fis> mtu;f Sila r%fj;j p y ; Njhd; Wfp d ; w gp u r;r p i dfSf; F mtu;fSila rpe;jid jpwd;fisg; gad;gLj;jp toq;Fthu;fs; vd;gJk; kfpo;r;rpfF ; upa tplakhFk;. ,t;thwhd Kd;itg;Gr; nraw;ghLfis ,izatop Clhf ntspaL P nra;tjd; %yk; khztu;fs; vjpu;fhyj;jpy; ey;y Mf;fq;fis ntspapl re;ju;g;gq;fs; vw;gLk;. ,t;tifapy; ,e;E}ypd; Kd;itg;Gf;fis Kd;itj;j muG nkhop kw;Wk; ,];yhkpa fw;iffs; khztu;fSf;F ed;wp $WtNjhL ,jw; F Cf; f ksp j ; j tp u p T iuahsu; V. N[. vy; . t]P y ; mtu; f Sf; F k; ed; w p i aj; njup t pj; j tdhf ,jid ntsp a p L tjw; F cWJizahf mike;j midj;J cs;sq;fisAk; ghuhl;Lfpd;Nwd;. NkYk; ,e;j E}yhdJ vjpu;tUfpd;w re;jjpapdUf;F ngUk; gaDilahjhf mikAk; vd;gij ehd; ek;GfpNwd;.
ed;wp t];]yhk; MIM.Irfan Senior Lecturer in Social Sciences Coordinator Interdisciplinary Unit Faculty of Islamic Studies & Arabic Language South Eastern University of Sri Lanka
XII
ed;wpAiu ,t; cyif gilj;J gupghypj;J nfhz;bUf;Fk; ty;y ,iwtd; my;yh`;Tf;Nf vy;yh GfOk; my;`k;Jypyy ; h`;. vk ; midtUf;Fk; ,t ; t ha; i g mopj;ji kf;F my;yh`;tpw;F Kjw;fz; ed;wp $wpatshf ,yq;if njd;fpof;F gy;fiyf;fofj;jpd; ,];yhkpa fw;if newpfs; Jiw khztu;fspdhy; Nkw;Nfhs;sg;gl;l r % f g pur ;rp i d f S k ; m j w ; fh d j P u;T f S k ; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;) vDk; E}iy rpwe;j Kiwapy; ntspapl cjtpaNjhL ,e;E}ypw;fhd rpwe;j MrpAiu toq;fpa nfsut gP l hjpgjp Prof.(Dr). SMM.MAZAHIR sir mtu;fSf;Fk; vkJ E}Yf;fhd MrpAiuia toq;fpa ,];yhkpa fw;iffs; gPl jiytu; MR. DR. Ahamed Sarjoon Razic sir mtu;fSf;Fk;> kw;Wk; ,e; E}Yf;fhd tho;j;Jiuia toq;fpa rpNu\;l tpupTiuahsu; Mr. MIM. Irfan sir mtu;fSf;Fk; vkJ E}y; ntspaPl;L epfo;tpw;F xj;Jiog;G toq;fpa muGnkhop gPl jiytp Mrs. MCS. Shathifa miss mtu;fSf;Fk; Cf;Ftpg;GfisAk; rpwe;j topfhl;ly;fisAk; toq;fpa Vida tpupTiuahsu;fSf;Fk; kdkhu;e;j ed;wpfis njuptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpNwd;. ,e; E}yp i d ntspap l Njitahd top fhl; ly;fis toq; f paNjhL kP s ; g hu; i t nra; J jp U j; j q; f is Rl;bf;fhl;b vkf;F Njhs; nfhLj;j nfsut tpupTiuahsu; AJL.Vazeel sir mtu;fSf;F kdkhu;e;j ed;wpfs;. NkYk; vkJ E}Yf;fhd ml;ilg;gl tbtikg;ig mofhfTk; Neu;j;jpahfTk; nra;J toq;fpa vkJ rf khztu;fSf;Fk; ,e;E}ypw;fhd njhopy;El;g gpuptpy; kw;Wk; Vida gpupTfspy; jk;ik mu;gg ; zpjJ ; Ntiy nra;J ,e; E}iy xOq;FgLj;j
ghLgl;l E}y; Mf;f FO khztu;fshd F.A.ASKAATH AHAMED, A.J.M.AZAM, R.M.RIKAS, K.M.M.AROOS, M.H.M.SIFKAN, I.F.SHAKIRA, N.A.F.NUSKA, M.A.F.RIKAZA, N.NASEEHA BANU, S.SANSHIDHA, MM.FATHIMA MIHNA, MB.NEFNA SIRON, S.I.AROOSHA, B.RIFNA, M.N.F.ISHRA midtUf;Fk; vd; ed;wpfis
njuptpj ;Jf; nfhs;f pNwd; ,e;E }y; cUthf;fj;jp w ;F Njitahd jfty;fis Nfl;l NghJ mtw;iw rupahd Neuj;jpy; xg;gilj;j NkYk;> ,e; E}ypw;fhf xj;Jiog;G toq;fpa njd;fpof;F gy;fiyf;fof 2019/2020 Mk; Mz;L tpku;rd rpe;jidAk; tpQ;Qhd KiwikAk; (PHE -CTSM) ghlj;jpy; fy;tp fw;w midj;J khztu;fSf;Fk; ed;wpfs;.
,g;gbf;F E}y; Mf;f FO cWg;gpdu; nry;tp MB. NEFNA SIRON
Contents 01.,staJ jpUkzq;fSk; mjpfupj;J tUk; tpthfuj;J .................... 8 02.,d;iwa ,sk;jiyKiwapd; rka,ilntsp ................................ 12 03.rpWtu;fspd; tpOkpa elj;ij ............................................................ 15 04.,d;iwa K];ypk;fspd; Md;kPfKk;>khu;f;f fy;tpAk; .................... 18 05.njhopy; tha;g;G ,d;ikf;fhd fhuzq;fs; ...................................... 23 06.Nghijg;nghUs; ghtid .................................................................... 26 07.njhiyj; njhlu;G rhjdq;fs; ........................................................... 30 08.efukakhf;fspdhy; r%fj;jpy; Vw;gLk; gpur;rpidfs; .................. 33 09.gpuj;jpNaf tFg;Gfspy; khztu;fs; fw;gjw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; ghlrhiyapy; fw;gjw;fhd jPu;TfSk; .............................................. 35 10.cau;juj;jpy; fy;tpgapYk; Mz; khztu;fspd; tPjk; .................... 38 11.khztu;fs; fy;tpapy; Mu;tk; fhl;lhik ......................................... 43 12.ghlrhiyapypUe;J khztu; ,iltpyfy;. ....................................... 46 13.K];ypk; r%fj;jpy; fld;njhy;iy mjpfupg;G .................................. 52 14.ghlrhiy khztu;fs; cau;juf;fy;tpiaj; njhluhik ................ 56 15. Covid 19 My; Vw;gl;l nghUshjhu tPo;r;rp ................................... 60 16.rpWtu;fis Ntiyf;F mku;j;Jjy; .................................................. 64 17.Mq;fpy fy;tpapy; khztu;fspd; gpd;dilT................................... 68 18.jw;fhyj;jpy; ngz;fs; Ntiyf;Fr; nry;Yjy; ................................ 71 19.guPli ; ria ikag;gLj;jpajhf khztu;fspd; fy;tpr; R+oy; .......... 74 20.vkJ gpuNjrq;fspy; Vw;glf;$ba jw;nfhiy .................................. 78 21.rpd;dj;jpiuapdhy; rPuope;J tUk; r%fk; ......................................... 82 22.ngw;Nwhiu ,oe;j rpwhu;fs; ............................................................... 84 23.Nghijt];jpdhy; rpWtu;fspd; vjpu;fhy tho;f;if ........................ 87 24.fzpjg; ghlj;jpy; khztu;fspd; gpd; milT .................................. 91 25.ngz; khztpfs;; fy;tpia njhlu;jy; ............................................. 94
26.Fiwe;J tUk; thrpg;G gof;fk; ......................................................... 99 27.tPjp tpgj;jpdhy; Vw;gLk; capu; ,og;G ............................................ 103 28.rPjdj;jpdhy; Vw;gLk; tpisT ........................................................... 106 29.,isQu;fSk; r%ftiyj;js ghtid ......................................... 108 30.rPjdk; ................................................................................................... 111 31.#oy; fopTfis Kiwahf mfw;Wjy; ........................................... 114 32.tWik epiy fhuzkhf ngz;fs; ntspehL nry;tjy; ............. 118 33.tWikapdhy; r%f kf;fspd; fy;tpj; Jiw .................................. 121 34.rpWtu; J\;gpuNahfk; .......................................................................... 124 35.jw;fhyj;jpy; FLk;gq;fSf;F ,ilapy; Vw;gl;Ls;s nghUshjhu neUf;fb ............................................................................................. 127 36.Mlk;gu Nkhfk; ................................................................................... 132 37.Nfhtpl;-19 #o;epiy fhuzkhf fw;wypy; ghlrhiy khztu;fSk;> gy;fiyf;fof khztu;fs; ............................................................... 135 38.jw;fhyj;jpy; tpthfuj;J mjpfupg;G ................................................... 139 39.vkJ gpuNjr tptrha ifj;njhopy; ................................................. 143 40.ONLINE fy;tpAk; OFFLINE guPl;irAk; njhlu;ghd gpur;rpidfSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;. ......................................................................... 145 41.fy;tpia ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjpy; gpd; jq;fpa gpuNjrj;jpy; thOk; khztu;fs; ......................................................................................... 148 42.njhopy; El;gj;jpdhy; khztu;fs; vjpu; Nehf;Fk; rthy;fs;. .. 153 43.Vocabulary ..............................................................................................249 44.References................................................................................................256 45.Heading & Group Members..................................................................258 .
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 01
,staJ jpUkzq;fSk; mjpfupj;J tUk; tpthfuj;J
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
01.,staJ jpUkzq;fSk; mjpfupj;J tUk; tpthfuj;J gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs;
khtdy;iy (Nffhiy)
kUjKid (mk;ghiw)
gpur;rpidf;F jPu;thf gad;gLj;jpa rpe;jidfs;
%Nyhgha rpe;jid
gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid
tpku;rd rpe;jid
rkNahrpj rpe;jid
gFg;gha;T rpe;jid
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;TfSf;fhfTk; Nkw;nfhs;sf; $ba Ma;T Kiwfs; Page- 21
fs Ma;T
tpdh nfhj;J Kiw
Ngl;b Kiw my;yJ Neu;fhzy;
VLfspd; Ma;T
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzk;
fy;tp uPjpahf gps;isfis tsg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;w vz;zk; ngw;Nwhu;fsplj;jpy; ,y;yhik.
FLk;gj;jpd; Vo;ikia jhf;Fgpbf;f ,ayhJ vd;W tUk; NghJ ngz; gps;isfis jpUkzk; nra;J itf;f Kw;gLjy;.
nghWg;G vd;w ghu;itapNyNa kfs;fis Nehf;Ffpd;wik.
Mz;fs; rupahd taij vl;l Kd;Ng my;yJ rupahd njhopy; tha;gi ; g ngw;Wf;nfhs;s Kd;Ng jpUkzj;jpy; ehl;lk; fhl;Lfpd;wdu;
Kiwaw;w> topNflhd njhlu;Gfspy; ehl;lk; nfhz;L topjtwpr; nry;yy;.
gzj;ij fhuzkhf itj;J mjhtJ Mlk;gu Nkhfk; fhuzkhf tajhNdhUf;F jpUkzk; nra;J itj;jy;.
ghlrhiy khztu;fs; ghlrhiyapy; ,Ue;J ,ileLNt tpyfpf; nfhs;sy;.
je;ijapd; kJg;gof;fk; kw;Wk; jhahdtu; gpw ehLfSf;F njhopy;fSf;fhf nry;Yjy; .
ngw;Nwhu; tpUg;gkpy;yhky; jhNk jpUkzk; nra;J nfhs;Sjy;.
fw;wy; nraw;ghLfs;> NtW ,ju nraw;ghLfspy; vt;tpj (2008). “egp topapy; jpUkzk;”> jhUy; `k;jhd;> nfhOk;G12> ,yq;if.
1.
2. lhf;lu;. A+Rg; my; fu;shtp> (2016)> “,];yhkpa r%fj;jpy; ngz;fspd; epiy”> ,yf;fpa Nrhiy> nrd;id-600003 3. `Pird; A.W. Z> mjpgu; kLy;Nght K. k>tp> n`k;khj;jfk.
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 02
,d;iwa ,sk;jiyKiwapd; rka,ilntsp
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
02.,d;iwa ,sk;jiyKiwapd; rka ,ilntsp
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs; nfhOk;G
kpDthq;nfhil FUehfy; gyhq;nfhil
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLk; rpe;jidfspd; ngau;fs; rkNahrpj rpe;jid
%Nyhgha rpe;jid Ma;Tr; rpe;jid
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPuT ; f;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba Ma;T Kiwfs; Page- 27 mtjhdk; VLfspd; Ma;T
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;ridf;fhd fhuzq;fs; mjpf r%f tiyj;js ghtid
nghOJNghf;F tpisahl;Lf;fs; Nghijg; nghUs; ghtid rpd;dj;jpiuapy; mjpf Fwpj;j ,lj;jpw;F nghUj;jkhd jPui ; t Nju;e;njLg;gNj rkNahrpj rpe;jid vdg;gLk;. rka tpopg;Gzu;T eltbf;iffs;
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
,Wjpj; jPu;T
(tpku;rd rpe;jid)
njspthfTk; mwpT G+u;tkhfTk; rpe;jpf;Fk; jpwNd tpku;rd
rpe;jid vdg;gLk; ju;f;fk; kw;Wk; gFj;jwptpd; tpjpfshy; epu;tfpf;fg;gLk; ; xU rpf;fyhd kw;Wk; Nehf;fKs;s kd nraw;ghL ,JthFk;. njhiyj;njhlu;G rhjdk; ghtidia Kiwahf fl;Lg;gLj;jy;.
crhj;Jizfs; 1.,isQu; tsu;r;rpf;fhd khw;W rf;jp
2.,isQu; rf;jpia xd;wpizg;Nghk; 3.2020. rQ;rpif FO r%f Ma;Tf;fhd khztu; Ma;T kd;wk;. Ma;Tf;Fuy; 4.rkPd; K`k;kj; r`Pj;. ,d;iwa ,sk; jiyKiwapdUk; rpdpkh kw;Wk; r%f tiyjsq;fspd; jhf;fq;fSk; 5.2018.rPuN ; fLfSf;F toptFf;Fk; r%f tiyj;jsq;fs;. jpdfud; 6.ku;{`k; `hrpk;.>V.>vy;.>vk;.2017.,Us; epiwe;j vjpu;fhyj;ij Nehf;fp ,isQu; r%fk; Page- 29
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 03
rpWtu;fspd; tpOkpa elj;ij
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
03.rpWtu;fspd; tpOkpa elj;ij
gpur;rpidf;Fwpa gpuNjrq;;fs;. rpyhgk;
khtdy;iy fz;b
gpur;rpid jPuT ; f;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;. Ma;Tr;rpe;jid.
njhFj;jwpr; rpe;jid. gFg;gha;Tr; rpe;jid. Gwtar; rpe;jid. Mf;fkyu;r;rp rpe;jid. jPu;khdr; rpe;jid.
gpur; r pidia fz; l wpaTk; jP u ; T fSf; f hfTk; Nkw;nfhs;s $ba Ma;T Kiwfs;. mtjhdk;.
FOf;fye;Jiwahly;. Ngl;b vLj;jy;.
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzk; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid). njhiyNgrpg; ghtid.
A+bAg; ghu;itapLjy;. fhu;l;^d; ghu;g;gJ mjw;F mbikahjy;. cjhuzkhf :- ];iglu;Nkd;> ngd;nld; ghu;j;J mijg; Nghd;W nra;a Kw;gLtJ. ghu;f;ff;$ba tplaq;fs; gps;isfis ghjpf;ff;$bajhf mike;jpUg;gJ. tajpy; ngupatu;fSld; goFtJ. etPd tpisahl;L nghUl;fs; ghtid.
gpur;rpidia jPug ; ;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk;> gilg;ghw;wy;fSk;. gpur;rpidia tiuaWj;jy;. gpur;rpidiag; gw;wp MNyhrpj;jy;. gpur;rpidia Vw;gLj;Jk; fhuzpfis mwpjy;. gpur;rpidf;fhd vz;zf;fU tiuglj;ij mikj;jy;. gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjp y; Kaw; Page33 rpj;jy;. Kbtpy; Vw;gLk; rhjf ghjfq;fis mtjhdpj;jy;.
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid). khztu;fSf;F xOf;f tplaq;fis fw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
jpiug;glq;fs; fhu;l^ ; d;fs; ghu;g;gij tpl;Lk; gps;isfis
J}ukhf;Fjy;. A+bA+g; ghtidia Kw;whfj; jtpu;j;jy;. jkJ taJf;F cl;gl;l ez;gu;fSld; khj;jpuk; goFtjw;F J}z;Ljy;. khztu;fspd; tpUg;G ntWg;GfSf;F xj;Jioj;jy;.
,Wjpj;juP ;T (tpku;rd rpe;jid). te;Jnfhz;Nl ,Uf;fpd;wd. ,it mtu;fspd; tpOkpa gpur;rpidf;F fhuzkhf mikfpd;wJ. vdNt njhiyNgrp ghtidia tpl;Lk; J}ukhf;Ftijf; nfhz;L mtu;fspd; tpOkpa gpur;rpidfisj; jPu;jJ ; r%fj;jpd; ey;y gpui[ahf khw;Wtjw;F ,aYkhf ,Uf;Fk;.
crhj;Jizfs; 1.
n[arP y d; fpwp]; u pdh.>Monday>June 01>2020.> khztu; f spilNa tpOkpa gz; G fis tsu; g ; g jpy; ghlrhiyapd; gq;F.
2.
http://www.battinews.com/2020/06/blog-post_77.html?m=1
3.
]kl;.vk;.vk;.V.>tpOkpaq;fspd; gytPdk;?>Madawala News.
4.
https://www.madawalaenews.com/2018/06/kds.html?m=1
5.
trPk;.lg;ypA.vk;.>fz;b.
6.
e[hj;.vk;.vd;.vk;.>fz;b.
Page- 34
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
Page- 35
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 35
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 04
,d;iwa K];ypk;fspd; Md;kPfKk;> khu;f;f fy;tpapd; mtrpaKk;
Page- 36
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
04.,d;iwa K];ypk;fspd; Md;kPfKk;> khu;ff ; fy;tpapd; mtrpaKk;
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs; ghyKid kUjKid gpgpis fhj;jhd;b fw;gpl;b
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (%Nyhgha rpe;jid kw;Wk; gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid) xU r%fj;jpd; nrhj;J> nry;tk; vd;gJ mjd; ngsjpf tsq;fs;> nghUl; nry;tq;fs; my;y. mitnay;nyhk; r%fk; mila tpUk;Gk; tpsf;FfSf;fhd rhjdq;fs; kl;LNk. kdpjNd xU r%fj;jpd; cz;ikahd nry;tk;, mbg;gil tsk;. me;j kdpjd; nraY}f; f Kk; > nraw; j pwDk; mw; W rP u ; n fl; L Page- 37 ,Uf;Fk;NghJ ngsjpf tsq;fs; gadw;Wg; NghFk;. MfNt kdpj tsj;ij ruptu mikf;Fk; NghJ mq;F rpwe;j MSikkpff ; r%fj;ijAk;> MNuhf;fpakhd ehl;ilAk; fl;bnaOg;g KbAk;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 37
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPuT ; fSf;fhfTk; Nkw;nfhs;s $ba Ma;TKiw K];ypk; r%fk; ,];yhk; my;Fu;Md;> Rd;dhtpd;
topfhl;Ljypy; ,Ue;J J}ukhf ,Uf;fpd;wik. K];ypk; ,isQu;fspilNa Fiwe;J tUfpd;w Md;kPf nraw;ghLfs;. Cu;fspy; fhzg;gLfpd;w gs;sp epu;thfk;> Cu; jiytu;fspd; tpidj;jpwdw;w nraw;ghLfs;> kw;Wk; nghLNghf;F jdk;.
01.rpWtu;fs; tPl;Lr;R+oy; rpWtu;fspd;
elj;ijapy; nry;thf;F nrYj;Jfpd;wd.
ngw;Nwhu;fs; rpWtu;fSf;F Kd; xOf;fkhf ele;J nfhs;shik. ngw;Nwhu;fsplk; Fiwe;J tUfpd;w Md;kPf nraw;ghLfs;. ghlrhiyfspy; rpWtu;fspd; elj;ijfs; gw;wp Mrpupau;fs; ftdkw;W ,Ug;gJ. rpWtajpypUe;J ngw;Nwhu;fs; jk; gps;isfSf;F khu;f;ff; fy;tpia toq;f jtWfpd;wik. jw;fhyj;jpy; ngw;Nwhu;fs; jq;fSila gps;isfs; Fyf; fy;tpia fw;Wf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd;gjpy; mjpf mf;fiw fhl;Lfpd;wdu;.
2. ,isQu;fs; ,isQu;fspilNa mjpfupj;J tUfpd;w r%ftiyj;jsg;
ghtid.
,isQu;fs; ngw;Nwhupd; fz;fhzpg;gpy; ,Ue;J tpLgLjy;. (tPLfspy; jdpaiw xJf;fg;gl;bUg;gJ) khw;Wkj r%fj;Jldhd tiuaiwaw;w njhlu;G. Nghijg;nghUs; ghtidf;F mbikahtJ.
Page- 38
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
3. ngz;fs; fl;Lg;ghlw;w tPl;Lr; R+oy;.
KiwNflhd me;epa njhlu;G Kiwfs;. gpw kj fyhrhu jhf;fq;fs; ngw;Nwhupd; fz;fhzpg;gpy; ,Ue;J tpLgLjy;. khu;f;f Md;kPf nraw;ghLfspy; ehl;lk; Fiwe;J ,Uf;fpd;wik. tiuaiwaw;w r%ftiyj;js ghtid> kw;Wk; rpdpkh> njhlu; ehlfq;fs;> ghly; mbikahf ,Uf;fpd;wik. fztd; njhopYf;fhf ntspehL nry;fpd;w epiyik ngz;fs; khu;f;f tiuaiwia kPwp njhopypy; my;yJ Cu; eput ; hfj;jpdhy;> my;yJ jiyik gs;spthrypdhYk; Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhLg;gjd; %yk; mtu;fSf;F r%fg; nghWg;ig czu;j;j KbAk;. rpwhu;fSf;Fk; kw;Wk; ,isQu; AtjpfSf;Fkhd my;Fu;Md;> Rd;dh $Wk; cstpay; $w;Wf;fs;> r%f xw;Wik njhlu;ghd rpe;jid Jspfs;. nghUj;jkhd Neuq;fspy; ,it vj;jp itf;fg;gLt jd; %yk; K];ypk; rKjhaj;jpd; Vw;gLk; rPu;NfLfisAk; ,y;yhnjhopg;gjd; %yk; khu;f;ff; fy;tpiaAk; Nkk;gLj;jyhk;. “,d; D k; K/kpdhd ngz; f Sf; F eP u ; $WtP u hf! jq; f s; ghu;itfisj; jho;j;jpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; jq;fs; ntl;fj; jyq;fis Ngzpf; fhj;Jf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;..”(24:37)
Page- 40
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
“K/kpd;fs; xUtUf;nfhUtu; md;G fhl;LtjpYk;> ,uf;fk; fhl;LtjpYk; xUtUf;nfhUtu; fUiz fhl;LtjpYk;> Xu; clk;ig Nghd;wtu;fshf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. me;j clk;gpd; Xu; cWg;G Nehahy; mtjpgg ; l;lhy; Vida cWg;Gf;fs; fha;rr ; y;> tpopj; j pUj; j y; vd; g tw; w pd; %yk; me; N ehapy; gq; F nfhs;fpd;wd.” (Gfhup> K];ypk;)
crhj;Jizfs; 1.
Jaffna muslim. (2012 May 09) r%fg; Gduikg;gpy; K];ypk; >isQu;fspd; gq;fspg;G.
2.
http://www.jaffnamuslim.com/2012/05/blogspot
3.
tPuNfrup (2018.10.12). K];ypk; r%fk;
Page- 41
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 41
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
Page- 42
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 05
njhopy; tha;g;G ,d;ikf;fhd fhuzq;fs;
Page- 43
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 43
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
05.njhopy; tha;g;G ,d;ikf;fhd fhuzq;fs;
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs; ePu; nfhOk;G
fs;-vypa ,g;ghfKt fyhntt ntypfk
gpur;rpid ngau;fs;.
jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidapd;
Mf;fr; rpe;jid
rkNahrpj rpe;jid gFg;gha;T rpe;jid tpup rpe;jid gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;TfSf;fhfTk; Nkw;nfhs;s $ba Ma;TKiw vz;zpay; Ma;T gz;gpay; Ma;T fz;fhzpg;G Ma;T fs Ma;T
Page- 44
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; njhopEl;g tpUj;jp ,d;ik
kj NtWghL rdj;njhif mjpfupg;G tl;b murpay; Mjpf;fk;
gpur;rpidfis jPug ; g ; jw;fhd %Nyhgha> gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jidfs; kw;Wk; rkNahrpj rpe;jid njhopy; El;g tsu;r;rpf;Nfw;g njhopy; tha;g;G
ghlrhiyfspy; nkhopj;jpwd; tpUj;jp kj NtWghbd;wp rk cupik toq;Fjy; fy;tpj; jifikf;Nfw;g njhopy; toq;fy; ,];yhkpa tq;fp Kiwfis epWTjy; ,];yhkpa tq;fp Kiwfis epWTjy;
,Wjpj;jPuT ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) Page- 45
fl;likg;G uPjpahf Ntiyapy;yhjtu;fSf;F muR gapw;rpj;
jpl;lq;fis toq;Fjy;. gy JiwfspYk; njhopy; rhu; mgptpUj;jpf;fis Nkk;gLj;jy;. Ntiy tha;g;G gupkhw;wq;fspd; tpupthf;fk;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 45
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;) gy; nkhopj;jpwd; tsu;r;rp ngwf;$ba tifapy; ,ytr fw;if
newpfis toq;Fjy;. Ra ,yhgk; ,d;wp rk cupikfis Ngzy;. Ranjhopy; nra;gtu;fSf;F $Ljy; cjtp toq;Fjy;. etPd njhopy; tha;g;Gf;fis cWthf;Fjy;.
crhj;Jizfs; 1.
Md;bfh. (2021). Ntiyapd;ik vd;why; vd;d? fhuzq;fs;> tpisTfs; kw;Wk; jPu;Tfs;.
https://ta.alinks.org/what-is-unemployment 2.
nfsjkd;> vk;.N[. (2020). jiy J}f;Fk; Ntiyapy;yh jpz;lhl;lk; https://tamil.goodreturns.in
3.
ghyRg;gukzpak;. (2020). Njhl;l ,isQu; AtjpfSf;F njhopy; tha;g;G fpilf;fhik. jpdfud; https:/ /www.thinakaran.lk
Page- 46
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
Page- 47
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 47
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 06
Nghijg;nghUs; ghtid gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs;
Page- 48
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
06.Nghijg;nghUs; ghtid gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs; ,uj;jpdGup
(kpfpJfk)
mk;ghiw
(rha;e;jkUJ)
fpz;zpah
($gh efu;)
FUehfiy
(vfl;LKy;y)
FUehfiy
(ek;Ktht)
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jid ngau;fs;; gFg;gha;T rpe;jid Ma;T rpe;jid njhFj;jwp rpe;jid ca;jj ; wp rpe;jid Gwta rpe;jid
Page- 49
newpg;gLj;jpa rpe;jid rkNahrpj rpe;jid jPu;khdk; vLj;jy; rpe;jid
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 49
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;Tf;fhfTk; gad;gLj;jf;$ba Ma;TKiwfs; mtjhdpg;G
Neu;f;fhzy;
(FLk;g cWg;gpdu;)
tpdhf;nfhj;J (r%fk;) ,yf;ff;FO fye;Jiuahly;
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid) Rw;Wg;Gwr; #oy;> FLk;g #oy;.
,d;i wa rpdpkhf;f Sk; tpsk;guq;f Sk; ,jid mofhf fhl;Lfpd;wd. mur mq;fPfhuj;NjhL tpw;gid nra;jy;. Nghjpa fy;tp mwpT ,d;ik >Nghjpa topfhl;;ly; ,d;ik. taJf; N fw; w el; G tl; l huk; ,d; i k.mjpf rfghbfisf; nfhz;bUj;jy;. mjpf njhiynjhlu;G rhjdg; gad;ghL. jho;T kdg;ghd;ik. Ntiyapd;ik tpuf;jp. fhjy; Njhy;tp. tho;tpy; Njhy;tp.
Page- 50
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia jPug ; ;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidAk; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk; gpur;rpidia tiuaWj;jy; gpur;rpidia tifg;gLj;jy;. fyg;G Nfs;tpfs; gpur;rpidia jPu;jj ; y;
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid) Foe;ijfspd; Kd; Nghijg;nghUs; ghtidia jtpu;j;jy;.
(FLk;g #oypy;) jtwhd ez;gu;fsplk; ,Ue;J tpyf;fptply;. Nghijg;nghUs; tpw;gid epiyaq;fis %Ljy;. mbikahdtu;fis Nghij xopg;G ikaq;fspy; Nru;jJ ; tply;. (Gzu;tho;topj;jy;) mbikahdtu;fSf;F jFe;j csts MNyhridfis;; toq;fy;. Page- 51 r%fkag;gLj;jy;. ,lUf;Fs;shff;$ba FOtpdUf;F Nghijg;nghUs; njhlu;ghf mwpT Cl;Lk; epfo;r;rpj;jpl;lq;fis elj;Jjy;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 51
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
,Wjpj; jPuT ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) Nghijg;nghUs; ghtidf;fhd kpfg;gpujhd fhuzkhf FLk;g #oNy fhzg;gLfpwJ. ngw;Nwhu;; jhd; vy;NyhUf;Fkhd Kd;Djhuzq;fshf ,Uf;fpd;wdu.; ,d;W Nghijg;nghUs; ghtidapy; tho;tpy; mijAk; Xu; mq;fkhf vz;zy;.
,Wjpj; jPu;T (tpku;rd rpe;jid) tPjpapy; nry;Yk; NghJ ifj;njhiyNgrp ghtpg;gij jtpu;j;jy; thndhypapy; ,Ue;J kdij ftUk; ghly;fs; Nfl;gij jtpu;j;jy; thndhypapy; nra;jpfs;>rka epfo;Tfs; Nghd;w ey;y tplaq;fSf;F gad;gLj;jy; glk;>ehlfk; Nghd;wtw;Wf;F njhiyf;fhl;rpia gad;gLj;Jtij jtpu;jj ; y; vy;yh Neuq;fspYk; njhiyj; njhlu;G rhjdq;fs; gad;gLj;Jtij jtpu;jj ; y;
crhj;Jizfs;; 1. https://web.archive.org/web/20130922061851/http:// www.mendeley.com/research/outline-theory-thought-processes-thinkingmachines/ 2. http://www.thinakaran.lk/2017/05/23/ %E0%AE%86%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%A
Page- 56
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 08
efukakhf;fspdhy; r%fj;jpy; Vw;gLk; gpur;rpidfs;
Page- 57
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 57
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
08.efukakhf;fspdhy;
r%fj;jpy; Vw;gLk; gpur;rpidfs;
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs;; jpUNfhzkiy
Njhg;G+u; ky;thid
efukakhf;fspdhy; Vw;gLk; gpur;ridfs; mjd; jPu;TfSk; fhlopg;G
Rfhjhu uPjpahd
gpur;rid
r%f tpNuhj nray;fs; nts;sg;ngUf;F ,il neupry; tPL uPjpahd gpur;rid
gpur;ridf;fhd fhuzk; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid) ,lg;gw;whf;Fiw
tPl;Ltrjpgpur;rpid efu tpupT fhlopg;G
Page- 58
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;ridf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid) xNu ,lj;jpy; FbNaWij jtpu;j;jy;
ku tPLfis mikj;jy; njhopw;rhiyfis xNu ,lj;jpy; fl;Ltij jtpu;jj ; y; rl;lj;ij kPWNthUf;F rl;luPjpahd eltbf;if vLj;jy;
,Wjpj; jPu;g;G( tpku;rd rpe;jid) gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzk; gpupTfis xg;gPl;L uPjpapy; mZfy;
Page- 59
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 59
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 09
gpuj;jpNaf tFg;Gfspy; khztu;fs; fw;gjw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; ghlrhiyapy; fw;gjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;
Page- 60
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
09.gpuj;jpNaf tFg;Gfspy; khztu;fs; fw;gjw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; ghlrhiyapy; fw;gjw;fhd jPuT ; fSk;
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs; fz;b (clj;jytpd;d)
khj;jis (epf;fnfhs;s) khj;jis(cy;nghj;gpl;ba)
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf; $ba rpe;jidg; ngau;fs; rkNahrpj rpe;jid
tpku;rd rpe;jid %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wYk; gFg;gha;Tr; rpe;jid Ma;Tr; rpe;jid
gpur;rpidiaf; fz;lwpaTk; jPu;TfSf;fhfTk; Nkw;f;nfhs;sf;$ba Ma;T KiwfSk; Page- 61
tpdhf;nfhj;J Kiw
mtjhdk; Ngl;b Kiw njhFj;jwp Kiw
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 61
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzk; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid) ftu;r;rpahdjhfTk; kf;fis mj;Jld; ngw;Nwhu;fsplj;jpYk; khztu;fsplj;jpYk; fhzg;gLk; jtwhd kdepiyia Rl;bf; fhl;Ltjd; %yKk; mur ghlrhi y fspy; fw; w y ; > fw;gpj; j ypy;> x U rpy Kd;Ndw;wq;fis nra;tjd; %yKk; gpuj;jpNaf tFg;Gfspd; Njitia Fiwf;f KbAk;. MfNt >gpuj;jpNaf tFg;Gf;fSf;F nry;tij Fiwj;J mur ghlrhiyfs; nry;tNj rpwe;jJ.
Crhj;Jidfs; 1. k[Pjpa;ah> vk;. vr;. v];. Mu;. (2016> June 2). ghlrhiy
Nkk;ghl;L mjpfupg;gPagejpy; mgptpUj; jp FOtpd; gq;fspg;G 63 mtrpak;. jpdfud;. FROM> https://www.thinakaran.lk/node/10340 2. fpUrhapjd;. (2017>Dec 7).gpuj;jpNaf tFg;Gf;fspd; vOr;rpAk;> ghlrhiy tFg;Gfspd; tPo;r;rpAk;. BATTINEWS. COM. FROM> 3. http://www.battinews.com/2017/12/blog-post_69.html?m=1
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 63
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 10
cau;juj;jpy; fy;tpgapYk; Mz; khztu;fspd; tPjk; Fiwtiljy;
Page- 64
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;) GROUP – 10
gpur;rpidf;Fupa jiyg;G 10.cau;juj;jpy; fy;tpgapYk; Mz; khztu;fspd; tPjk; Fiwtiljy;
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs; mf;Fuiz gpgpiy fNynty
gpuNjrq;fspy; ,dq;fhzg;gl;l gpur;rpidfs; cau;juj;jpy; fy;tp gapYk; Mz; khztu;fspd; tPjk;
FiwtiljYk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;;. Nghijg; nghUs; ghtidf;F Mz;fs; mbikahjYk; mjdhy; Vw;gLk; tpisTfSk;. ,staJj; jpUkzKk; ngz;fs; vjpu;nfhs;Sk; rthy;fSk;. ngw;Nwhu; ntspehL nry;tjdhy; khztu;fspd; fy;tp eltbf;iffspy; Vw;gLk; gpur;rpidfs;. 65 fs; vjpu;nfhs;Sk; ,d;dy;fs;. tWik fhuzkhf Pagekhztu; nfhNuhdhtpdhy; jilg;gl;l fy;tpAk; khztu;fspd; epiyAk;. cau;juj;jpy; fy;tpgapYk; Mz; khztu;fspd; tPjk; FiwtiljYk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 65
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidfspd; ngau;fs;. rkNahrpj rpe;jid
tpku;rd rpe;jid gFg;gha;T rpe;jid njhFj;jwp rpe;jid jPu;khdk; vLj;jy; rpe;jid
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;TfSf;fhfTk; gad;gLj;jf;$ba Ma;TKiwfs; Neu;fhzy;
mtjhd Kiw Neub mtjhd Kiw kiwKf mtjhd Kiw tpdhf;nfhj;J Kiw VLfspd; Ma;T Gs;sptpgutpay; Ma;T
Page- 66
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid) tWik epiy
gbg;gjpy; Mu;tkpd;ik rhjhuz jug; guPli ; rapd; gpd; fw;ifnewpfis gpd;njhlu;jy;. tPl;bd; neUf;fb #oy; fhuzkhf Ntiyf;F nry;y Ntz;ba epu;g;ge;jk;. jtwhd ez;gu;fSld; el;GwT nfhs;sy;. r%f tiyj;jsq;fSf;F mbikahjy;. (Facebook> Twitter> Whatsapp> Instagram) tpiutpy; njhopy; nra;a Ntz;Lk; vd;gjdhy; ntspehL nry;tjpYs;s Mu;tk;. cau; fy;tpia njhlu;tjhy; rpwe;j vjpu;fhyj;ij mila KbahJ vDk; kdg;ghq;if nfhz;bUj;jy;. • kJ> rpful; Nghd;w jPa gof;ftof;fq;fSf;F mbikahjy;.
gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk;> gilg;ghw;wy;fSk; Page- 67
gpur;rpidapd; ,ay;ig mwpjy;
gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjw;fhd xU tiuig tiujy;; me;j jpl;lj;ij Kaw;rp nra;jy; me;j jpl;lj;jpd; ntspaPLfis mtjhdpj;jy;
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 67
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid) cau;fy;tpiag; ngWtjhy; rpwe;j vjpu;fhyk; xd;wpid mile;J
nfhs; s yhk; vDk; Neu; k dg; g hq; f pid khztu; f splj; j py; nfhz;Ltuy;. cau;fy;tpapd; epiyahd gad;fs; gw;wpAk;> jd;dhy; KbAk; vDk; ek; g pf; i fia khzu; f splj; j py; fl; b naOg; G tJ njhlu;ghdJkhd epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fisg; gy;NtW kl;lq;fspYk; njhluhf elhj;Jjy; Ntz;Lk;. cau;fy;tp epfo;r;rpfs; gw;wpa Nghjpa njsptpid> cau;jug; ghlj;njupT kw;Wk; fw;wiy Muk;gpj;jypd;NghJk;> mtrpag;gLk; Vida re;ju;g;gq;fspYk; Jiwrhu;e;jtu;fshy; toq;Ftjw;Fg; ghlrhiyfs; eltbf;if vLf;f Ntz;Lk;. Ne uK f hik j; J tj;jpy ; f w; w Yf;F K d; D upi k toq;fp jpll ; kpLtjw;Fk;> ez;gu;fNshLs;s njhlu;Gfspy; tiuaiufisg; Ngzp ele;Jnfhs;tjw;Fk; ngw;Nwhu; gf;f gykhf ,Uf;Fk; tifapy; mtu;fis tYT+l;l Ntz;Lk;. cau; f y; t papd; ,d; w paikahik gw; w p ngw; N whu; f Sf; F k; khztu;fSf;Fk; tpopg;Gzu;T epfo;r;rpfs; elhj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
,Wjpj;jPuT ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) tPlL ; r; R+oiyf; fw;wiy Nkk;gLj;Jk; R+oyhf khw;wTk;> njhopiy
tpLj;J cau;fy;tpia Kd;Dupikg;gLj;Jk; fyhr;rhuj;ijr; r%fj;jpy; fl;bnaOg;gTk; r%f kl;lj;jpYk;> ghlrhiy kl;lj;jpYk; ngw;Nwhu;fis ,yf;Fitj;J Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fs; eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
Page- 68
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
khztu;f isr; rhjidahsu;f shf khw;Wk; Nehf;f py;
jd;dk;gpf;ifia Nkk;gLj;Jk; tifapy; tpNrl epfo;rr ; pfs; tbtikf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;. khztu;fspd; fw;wiy mjpfupff ; > ngw;NwhUk;> ghlrhiyAk; khztu;fis fz;fhzpg;Gld;; fw;wy; eltbf;iffspy; mt w;iw ti uai ufSl d; ifahs;tjw;fhd topfhl;ly;fSk; toq;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.
crhj;Jizfs; 1. guPjh> vk;.Mu;.vg;.> guPl; Kfkl; eth];jd P .; (2020) khj;jis
fy;tp tya K];ypk; Mz; khztu;fs; cau;fy;tpapy; gq;Fgw;Wjy; 2. www.researchgate.net 3. mj;jpahak; 07 - %Nyhgha rpe;jid kw;Wk; gilg;ghw;wy;. 4. kNdhrpj;jpuh> vk;. (2021) – khztu;fSf;F rthyhd ,izatop fw;wy; eltbf;if 5. https://www.virakesari.lk/article/107751 Page- 69
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 69
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 11
khztu;fs; fy;tpapy; Mu;tk; fhl;lhikf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
11.khztu;fs; fy;tpapy; Mu;tk; fhl;lhikf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
gpur;rpidf;Fupa
gpuNjrq;fs;
ntypg;gd;d
cLnfhl cFu];]g;gpl;ba jpTyhd
gpur;rid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLk; rpe;jidfspd; ngau;fs; rkNahrpj rpe;jid
tpku;rd rpe;jid Ma;Tr; rpe;jid capj;jwp rpe;jid Page- 71 njhFj;jwp rpe;jid
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 71
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;ridia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;Tf;fhfTk; gad;gLj;jf;$ba Ma;T Kiwfs;
mtjhdk;
ca;j;jwp Kiw
njhFj;jwp Kiw
jdpahu; Ma;TKiw
gpur;ridfhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid);
Nghijg; nghUl;fSf;F mbikahFjy;.
Nrhk;gy;.
kd mOj;jk;.
gbg;igj; jhkjg;gLj;Jjy;.
mul;il mbj;jy;.
ez;gu;fs; kw;Wk; FLk;gj;jpdupd; FWffPL;.
jtwhd ,yf;Ffis mikj;jy;.
,iza top tpisahl;Lf;fspy; mjpfkhf r%f Clfq;fs;.
jpiug;glk; ghu;j;jy;.
rpWtu; J\;gpuNahfq;fs;.
Page- 72
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid jPu;gg ; jw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk;
fy;tp Kiwapy; khw;wk; Vw;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.
Gj;jff; fy;tpapy; khj;jpuk; jq;fpapUg;gijj; jtpu;j;jy;.
ntsp cyfpd; nraw;ghL gw;wpAk; khztu;fsplj;jpy; Mu;t%l;ly;.
midj;J khztu;fspdJk; eyd; fUJtjhf Mrpupau;fspd; nraw;ghL ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;.
jpwe;j kw;Wk; Neu;ikahd njhlu;Gfis Cf;Ftpj;jy;.
tpisahl;L mbg;gilapyhd fw;wYf;F topaikj;jy;.
fw;wy; kPjhd Mu;tj;ij Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
Gjpa fw;wy; ghzpfis cUthf;Fjy;.
thrpg;G gof;fj;ij khztu;fsplj;jpy; J}z;Ljy;.
gpur;ridf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid); tpisahl;L mbg;gilapyhd fw;wy; Kiwfis ifahSjy;. Page- 73
,Wjpj; jPuT ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) fw;wYf;fhf khztu;fsplj;jpy; thrpg;G gof;fj;ij J}z;Ljy;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 73
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 12
ghlrhiyapypUe;J khztu; ,iltpyfy;
Page- 74
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
12.ghlrhiyapypUe;J khztu; ,iltpyfy;.
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs; thior;Nrid
FUdhfy; nfhOk;G fz;b mSj;fk
gpur;rpid jPuT ; f;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidfspd; ngau;fs;
Ma;Tr; rpe;jid
jPu;khdk; vLj;jy; rpe;jid
Mf;fkyu; rpe;jid
gFg;gha;Tr; rpe;jid
njhFj;jwp rpe;jid
rkNahrpj rpe;jid Page- 75 tpku;rd rpe;jid
khw;Wj; jPu;Tfisg; ngWjy;.
mtw;iw kjpg;gPL nra;jy.;
kpfr;rupahd jPui ; t vLj;jy;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 75
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPuT ; fhzTk; gad;gLj;jf;$ba Ma;TKiwfs; mtjhdk;
vLNfhs;fs; Ma;T> gFg;gha;T Ma;T (2k; epiy %yq;fs;)
tpsf;f Ma;T (xg;gPl;L uPjpahd Ma;T)
;Ngl;b Kiw
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jidfs;) 1. jdp egu; fhuzpfs;
ngw;NwhuJ mwptPdk;
tWik
ngw;Nwhu;fsJ guhkupg;gpd;ik
Ntiyf;Fr; nry;yy;
2. ghlrhiy R+oy; fhuzpfs;
Mrpupau;fs; kw;Wk; epu;thfj;jpduJ eltbf;iffs;
jukw;w ghlj;jpl;lk;
Page- 76
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
3. r%f fhuzpfs;
,staJ jpUkzq;fs;
Nghijg;nghUs; ghtidf;Fl;gLjy;
gpur;rpid jPu;g;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk;
gilghw;wy;fSk;. 1. gpur;rpid jPu;jj ; y; rpe;jid
gpur;rpidia tiuaWj;jy;. (fl;lhaf; fy;tpia njhluhJ ,iltpyFjy;.)
gpur;rpidia tifg;gLj;jg;gLj;jy;. (fy;tpr; r%fg; gpur;rpid)
gpur;rpidia gFg;gha;T nra;jy.;
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fisAk; jPu;TfisAk; ,dq;fhzy;.
vz;zf;fU tiuglk; tiujy;.
jpl;lj;ij Kaw;rp nra;jy;.
ntspaPLfis gupNrhjpj;jy;.
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 77
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
2. KbntLj;jy; rpe;jid
gpur;rpidia KOikahf ,dq;fhzZjy;.
gFg;gha;T nra;jy;.
khw;Wj; jPu;Tfisg; ngWjy;.
mtw;iw kjpg;gPL nra;jy.;
kpfr;rupahd jPu;it vLj;jy;.
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPuT ; fs; (rkNahrpj
rpe;jidfs;)
1. jdp egu; fhuzpfSf;fhd jPu;Tfs;
fy;tpapd; mtrpak; gw;wpa tpopg;Gzu;it toq;Fjy;.
ghlrhiy epWthfkhdJ cupa epjp epWtdq;fspypUe;J nghUj;jkhdtu;fSf;F fw;wYf;Fupa trjpfis ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
Fwpj;j Cu; kw;Wk; gs;sp epWthfq;fs;. Njitahd trjpfis mikj;Jf; nfhLj;jy;.
ngw;Nwhupy; xUtu; khj;jpuk; ntspehL nry;yy;. (je;ij)
mdhijfis guhkupf;Fk; fy;tp epWtdq;fspy; Nru;j;jy;. (fy;nyypa K];ypk; ngz;fs; fy;Y}up)
Page- 78
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
2. ghlrhiy R+oy; fhuzpfSf;fhd jPu;Tfs;;
Mrpupau;fsJ ehshe;j nray;ghLfspd; mwpf;iffis ngwy;.
fhyj;jpd; Njitf;Nfw;g Mrpupau;fSf;fhd topfhl;ly;fis toq;Fjy;.
Mf;fG+u;t rpe;jidia J}z;Lk; nraw;ghLfis fw;wy; fw;gpj;jy; Kiwfspy; ,izj;Jf; nfhs;sy;.
etPd fw;gpj;jy; cj;jpfis gad;gLj;jy;.
khztu;fsJ tho;iff;fhd Nehf;fk;> Fwpf;Nfhis mikj;J nfhs;s topfhl;Ljy;
3. r%f fhuzpfSf;fhd jPu;Tfs;
ngz;fs; gbf;f Njitapy;iy vd;w jtwhd vz;zj;ij ,y;yhkyhf;Ftjw;fhd tpopg;Gzu;it toq;Fjy;.
,s taJ jpUkzj;ij nra;J itg;Nghiu rl;lj;ij nfhz;L jz;bj;jy;.
Nghijg;nghUspd; tpguPjk; gw;wpa tpopg;Gzu;it toq;Fjy.;
tho;f;iff;fhd ,yf;if mikj;J nfhs;s topfhl;Ljy;.
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 79
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
,Wjpj;jPug ; ;G (tpku;rd rpe;jid) khztu;fs; fy;tpia njhluhJ ghlrhiyapypUe;J ,iltpyFtjhdJ jz;lidf;Fupa xU Fw;wk; vd;w rl;lj;ij eilKiwgLj;jy;. (Fwpj;j r%fk;> ghlrhiy> Cu; epu;thfk; my;yJ murhq;fk; Nghd;w mjpfhuKs;stu;fshy; ,r;rl;lk; gpuNahfpf;fg;gl;L eilKiwgLj;jg;gLtJ rpwe;jjhFk;;.)
crhj;Jizfs; fpUrhapjd;. (2017> nrg;lk;gu; 16). khztu;fspd; ,iltpyfYf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;. www.battinews.com fPjhtzp Fzrpq;fk;> rpjk;guehjd; cjaFkhu;. (2014> khu;r; 14). Proceedings of the second ARC> Fmc> SEUSL. https:// www.seu.ac.lk/researchandpublications/ Nfhfpythzp. (2017> Mf];l; 01). ngupa gpur;rpidahf ,d;dKk; cs;s khztu; ,il tpyfy;. https:// www.tamilmirror.lk/
Page- 80
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 13
K];ypk; r%fj;jpy; fld;njhy;iy mjpfupg;gjw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mtw;iw jPu;g;gjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;
Page- 81
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 81
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
13.K];ypk; r%fj;jpy; fld;njhy;iy mjpfupg;gjw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mtw;iw jPu;g;gjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs;
gyhq;nfhil (,uj;jpdg;Gup)
ml;lhsr;Nrid (mk;ghiw)
khjpg;nghis (khj;jis)
gpur;rpid jPuT ; f;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidfspd; ngau;fs;
ca;j;jwp rpe;jid
rkNahrpj rpe;jid
gpur;rpidj; jPu;jj ; y; rpe;jid
gFg;gha;T rpe;jid
tpku;rd rpe;jid
Page- 82
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;T fhzTk; gad;gLj;jf;$ba Ma;TKiwfs;
mtjhdk; Kiw
Ngl;bfhzy; Kiw
jdpahs; Ma;T Kiw
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
Mlk;gukhd tho;f;ifg; Nghf;F.
kdpj Njitfs; mjpfupg;G.
nghUshjhug; gpd;dilT.
mj;jpatrpag; nghUl;fspd; tpiy mjpfupg;G.
tl;bf;F fld; ngw;W nrYj;j Kbahj epiy.
fl;lzk; nrYj;j Ntz;ba fy;tp Kiwfs;.
Nghl;bj;jd;ikahd tho;f;if Kiw.
nryTfisf; ifahs;tjpy; Kiwaw;w jpl;lkply;. Page- 83 njhopy; tha;g;gpd;ik.
fhzpg; gpur;rpid> jpUkzg; gpur;rpid Nghd;w cldbj; Njitfs;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 83
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid jPu;gg ; jw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk;
,];yhkpa eLepiyahd tho;f;ifg; Nghf;if filg;pbg;gjhy; fld;gpur;rpidia jPu;f;f KbAk;.
tpahghu Nghl;bj;jd;ikfis ,y;yhkyhf;Fjy;.
murhq;fk; jw;Nghija epiyikfisf; fUjp mj;jpahtrpag; nghUl;fspd; tpiyfyis epahakhd Kiwapy; epu;zak; nra;jy;.
tl;bf;F fld; ngWtjpypUe;J jtpu;e;J ,];yhkpa Kiwg;gb fld; ngwy;.
midj;J murhq;f ghlrhiyfspYk; jukhd fw;wYf;fhd trjpfis Nkk;gLj;Jtjd; %yk; jdpahh; epWtdq;fspy; fl;lzk; nrYj;jp fy;tp ngWk; epiyia jtpu;j;jy;.
trjptha;e;Njhh; gzKjyPL nra;J njhopyw;Nwhu;fSf;F rpWnjhopy;fis Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhLj;jy;.
tUkhdj;jpy; Kiwahd jpl;lkply;fis Nkw;nfhs;sy;. (tuT nryT jpl;lkply;> Nrkpg;G gof;fk;)
tl;b> fld; kw;Wk; tPz;tpuak; gw;wpAk; mjdhy; Vw;gLk; ghuJ}ukhd tpisTfisg; (jw;nfhiyfs;;> nfhiy> Vkhw;wy;> nfhs;is> Nkhrb> kpul;ly;) gw;wpAk; tpopg;Gzu;itA+l;ly;.
murhq;fk; njhopy; tha;g;Gf;fis Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhLj;jy;.
cjtpr;rq;fq;fis epWtp> fld;gl;l ViofSf;F cjtp Gupjy;.
Page- 84
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
vspikahd tho;f;ifg;; Nghf;iff; filg;gpbj;jy;.
tuTf;Nfw;w nryTfisf; ifahSjy;.
Ranjhopy; Kaw;rpfis Nkw;nfhs;sy;.
tPz;tpuaj;ijf; Fiwj;jy;. (Mlk;ukhd jpUkz itgtq;fs;> mtrpakw;w Rw;Wyhf;fs;)
Nrkpf;Fk; gof;fj;ij tof;fkhf;fpf; nfhs;sy;.
fld; ml;iliag; ghtpg;gijf; Fiwj;Jf; nfhs;sy;.
fld; thq;fp tpahghuj;jpw;fhf KjyPLfis Nkw;nfhs;shjpUj;jy;.
xU flid milg;gjw;fhf NtW ,lj;jpy; fld; thq;fhjpUj;jy;.
,Wjpj; jPh;g;G (tpku;rd rpe;jid) Xt;nthU jdpkdpj K];ypkplKk; ,];yhkpa epu;thfj;jplKk; fhzg;gLk; tsk; kw;Wk; nrhj;Jf;fis K];ypk; r%fj;jpy; ruprkkhf gfpu;e;jspg;gjd; (tUkhdg; gq;fPL) %yk; fld;gLtjpypUe;J Pagejtpu;e85 ;Jf; nfhs;s KbAk;.
crhj;Jizfs; mg;Jy; mrpk;. (1997). ,y;yhkpy; nghUshjhu rpe;jidapd; tuyhW> xU E}ypay;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 85
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 14
ghlrhiy khztu;fs; cau;juf;fy;tpiaj; njhluhik
Page- 86
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
14.ghlrhiy khztu;fs; cau;juf;fy;tpiaj; njhluhikf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk;.
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrk;
epyhntspg; gpuNjrk;
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gd;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;
Ma;Tr; rpe;jid
rkNahrpj rpe;jid
tpku;rd rpe;jid
Mf;fr; rpe;jid
gFg;gha;Tr; rpe;jid
gpur;rpidiaf; fz;lwpaTk; jPu;TfSf;fhfTk; Nkw;nfhs;sf; $ba Ma;T Kiwfs;
Ngl;b Kiw Page- 87
ntspf;fs Ma;T Kiw
fUJNfhs;
mtjhdk;
tpdhf;nfhj;J Kiw
jdpahs; Ma;T Kiw (2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 87
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
njhlu;e;Jk; fy;tpia Nkw;nfhs;s NghjpasT tUkhdk; ,d;ik (tWik).
ngw;Nwhupd; cjtpapd;ik.
cau;juj;jpw;F rpj;jpaila NghJkhd milT kl;lk; khztu;fsplk; fhzg;glhik.
cau;juk; fw;gpf;fj; jFjpAila NghJkhd Mrpupau;fs; ,d;ik.
ghlrhiyapy; NghjpasT trjpfs; fhzg;glhik (,ltrjp>jsghlq;fs;).
rpy ghlrhiyfspy; juk; 1 njhlf;fk; 11 tiu kl;LNk tFg;Gf;fs; fhzg;gly;.
Nkyjpf fw;iff;F jdpahu; tFg;Gfs; ,d;ik.
ngw;Nwhu; kw;Wk; gps;isfSf;F cau;juf;fy;tp gw;wpAk; mjd; ed;ikfs; gw;wpAk; njspthd mwptpd;ik.
ngw;Nwhuhy; jpUkzk; nra;J itf;fg;gly;.
fl;lhak; cau;juk; fw;f Ntz;Lk; vd;w epiyg;ghL r%fj;jpy; ,d;ik.
Page- 88
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
1. gpur;rpidia tiuaWj;jy;.
khztu;fs; cau;juf; fy;tpiaj; njhluhikf;fhd fhuzk; vd;d?. 1. gpur;rpidia tifg;gLj;jy;.
mDgt uPjpahd tpdh:-
(Vida gpuNjrq;fspYk; khztu;fs; cau; fy;tpia njhlu KbahkYs;sduh?)
fUj;JU tpdh:-
(rhjhuz juj;ij kl;Lk; fw;W tpl;L cau;juj;ij fw;fhky; tpLtJ cfe;jjh?).
kjpg;gPl;L tpdh:-
(rhjhuz juj;NjhL jk; fy;tpia epWj;JtJ mtu;fspd; vjpu;fhyj;jpw;F rpwe;jjh? ,y;iyah?).
2. fyg;Gf; Nfs;tpfs; cau;juj;ij fw;fhj fy;tp epiy rupahdjh? jtwhdjh?. Page- 89
3. gpur;rpidiaj; jPu;jj ; y; khztu;fs; cau;juj;ij njhluhky; tpLtjdhy; mtu;fspd; vjpu;fhyk; ghjpf;fg;gLk;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 89
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
ghlrhiyapy; cau;ju tFg;Gf;fhd trjpfis Vw;gLj;jy;.
rhjhuz juf;fy;tpapy; gpd;jq;fpa epiyapYs;s khztu;fis mjpf ftdj;jpy; vLj;J cau;juf; fy;tpf;F njupthFk; tifapy; jahu;gLj;jy;.
Fwpj;j tajpw;F fPo;g;gl;ltu;fs; jpUkzk; nra;af;$lhJ vdTk; mjid kPWk; gl;rj;jpy; cupa rl;l eltbf;if Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; vdTk; vr;rupj;jy;.
cau;juf; fy;tpia njhlu;tjpYs;s ed;ikfs; gw;wp midtUf;Fk; tpopg;Gzu;T+l;ly;.
gpuNjr jiytu;fspd; cjtpAld; Cupy; gpuj;jpNaf tFg;Gf;fis Kiwahf Nkw;nfhs;s eltbf;if vLj;jy; .
rpwe;j Mrpupau;fis cau;ju tFg;Gf;fSf;F epakpj;jy;.
tWikAs;s khztu;fSf;F fpuhk Nrit my;yJ gpuNjr nrayfk; %yk; cjTjy;.
,Wjp jPu;gG ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) rhjhuzju guPl;irapy; rpj;jp milAk; khztu;fspd; vz;zpf;ifia mjpfupf;f Ntz;Lk;. crhj;Jizfs; Vazeel, a.j.l.(2021). Personal communication.
Page- 90
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 15
Covid 19 My; Vw;gl;l nghUshjhu tPo;r;rp
Page- 91
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 91
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
15. Covid 19 My; Vw;gl;l nghUshjhu tPo;r;rp
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs;
nfhOk;G
mk;ghiw
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;
gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid
gpur;rpid jPu;jj ; y; rpe;jid
rkNahrpj rpe;jid
gpur;rpidiaf; fz;lwpaTk; jPu;f;fTk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl Ntz;ba Ma;T Kiwfs;
vz;zpay; Ma;T
gz;gpay; Ma;T
fz;fhzpg;G Ma;T
Page- 92
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
Vw;Wkjp jilfs;.
,wf;Fkjpf;Fj; Njitahd ntspehl;L ehzak; ,d;ik (nlhyu;).
,yq;ifapd; Vw;Wkjpg; ngUe;Njhl;l gapu;r;nra;iff;F cukpd;ik.
fld; Rik.
tsg;gw;whf;Fiw.
Nju;r;rpaw;w njhopyhyu;fs.;
nkhj;j ,wf;Fkjpahsu;fs; nghUl;fisg; gJf;fp itj;jy;.
Rw;Wyhj; Jiwapd; tPo;r;rp.
epahakw;w
tpiy tpjpg;G.
gpur;rpidiaj; jPu;g;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jid kw;Wk; gilg;ghw;wy;
Fwpg;gpl;l ,g;gpur;rpidia %Nyhgha rpe;jid uPjpapy; Muha;ifapy;Page,J 93xU tiuaWf;fg;gl;l r%fg; gpur;rpidahFk;.
covid 19 ,d; jhf;fk; %ykhd nghUshjhu tPo;r;rp Vd; kf;fspd; tho;thjhuk; njhopy; Jiwapy; ghjpg;ig Vw;gLj;jpAs;sJ? vd;gjw;fhd fhuzq;fis ,dq;fhzy;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 93
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
(murpay;thjpfspd; jdpg;gl;l tpUg;G ntWg;GfSf;F Vw;g nfhs;if jpl;lq;fs; tFf;fg;gLfpd;wik, Coy; ,yQ;rk;, Kiwahd jpl;lkply;, gpd;D}l;ly; ,d;ik, ntspehl;Lf; fld;fisj; jpUg;gpr; nrYj;j Kbahik, jdpkdpj eyid mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L Kiwaw;w tpiy mjpfupg;G, Rw;Wyhj; Jiwapd; tPo;r;rp, tsg;gw;whf;Fiw)
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
rpwg;ghd epjp xJf;fPlL ; Kiwia Nkw;nfhs;sy;.
cs;Shu; cw;gj;jpf;fis Cf;Ftpj;jy;.
CoYf;F vjpuhd rl;lq;fismKy;gLj;jy;.
epjp epu;thfj; Jiwfspy; rl;l xOq;F Kiwfisf; ifahsy;.
tptrhapfspd; cw;gj;jp nghUl;fis rYif mbg;gilapy; nfhs;tdT nra;jy;.
tpiy mjpfupg;gpd; NghJ ,U rhuhupd; eyidAk; fUj;jpy; nfhs;sy;.
Gjpa njhopy; tha;g;Gf;fis cUthf;Fjy;.
Neha;j; njhw;wpypUe;J xt;nthUtUk; jq;fisg; ghJfhf;f Kaw;rpfis Nkw;nfhs;sy.;
Page- 94
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
,Wjpj; jPu;g;G (tpku;rd rpe;jid) kf;fs; Covid19 fhyq;fspy; murhq;f rl;lk; kw;Wk; Rfhjhu topKiwfisg; gpd;gw;wp R%fkhf thog; gofpf;nfhs;Sjy;.
crhj;Jizfs; 1.
G.k.Sri Lanka. (2020). fy;tp Kiwapy; fhzg;gLk; rkfhyg; gpur;rpid. https://www.srilankagk.com/2020/02/blogpost_28.html Advocata. (2020). Covid-19 ,d; nghUshjhu gpur;rpid. https://www.advocata.org/tamil-archives/tag/ COVID19 2.
3.
FkNurd;, Mu;. ,aw;if tptrha nfhs;if jhd;
,yq;ifapd; nghUshjhu neUf;fbf;F fhuzkh? cz;ik vd;d? https://www.vikatan.com/social-affairs/
international/is-it-true-that-srilanka-s-organic-farming-policyPage- 95 destabilise-its-economy fNzr%u;jj ; p, vk;. ehl;bd; nghUshjhu tPo;r;rpf;Ff; fhuzk;! https://www.vaaramanjari.lk/2018/
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 95
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 16
rpWtu;fis Ntiyf;F mku;j;Jtjw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;
Page- 96
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
16.rpWtu;fis Ntiyf;F mku;jJ ; tjw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs;
nfhOk;G
khtdy;y
fpz;zpah
%J}u;
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;j $ba rpe;jidfs;
gpur;rpid jPu;jj ; y; rpe;jid.
Ma;Tr; rpe;jid.
rkNahrpj rpe;jid.
njhFj;jwp rpe;jid. Page- 97 gFg;gha;T rpe;jid.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 97
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;Tf;fhfTk; gad;gLj;jf;$ba Ma;T Kiwfs;
VLfspy;Ma;TKiw.
ntspf;fs Ma;TKiw.
mtjhdk;.
Ngl;b Kiw.
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
nghUshjhu f\;lq;fs; (tWik).
ngw;Nwhu;fspd; ftdaPdk;.
FLk;g gpur;rpidfs;.
$l;Lr; NrUk; ez;gu;fs;.
ngw;Nwhu; ntspehl;by; ,Uj;jy;
jukhd fy;tp fpilf;f ngwhik.
rpWtu; rl;lk; xOq;fhf eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glhik.
guhkupg;ghsu; jpBnud Neha; tha;g;gly;.
Page- 98
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia jPuj ; ;jy; (%Nyhgha kw;Wk; gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid)
rpWtu; cupikfs; njhlu;ghd rl;lj;ij tpupTgLj;Jjy; kw;Wk; mjid fLikahf eilKiwg;gLj;jy;.
kf;fSf;F rpWtu; cupik njhlu;ghf tpopg;Gzu;T+l;ly;.
rpWtu; cupikfs; njhlu;ghd topfhl;ly;fis ghlrhiy kl;lj;jpy; ,Ue;Nj toq;Fjy;.
tWikapd; gpbapy; ,Uf;Fk; khztu;fspd; fw;wy; cupikia epiy ehl;Ltjw;F Gyikg;guprpy;fs; toq;Fjy;.
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
nghUshjhug; gpur;rpidfs; cs;stu;fSf;F nghUshjhu gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjw;fhd topfhl;lyfis toq;Fjy;.
ngw;Nwhu;fSf;F rpWtu;fs; kPjhd flikfs; gw;wp njspT+l;ly; epfo;r;rpfis Vw;gLj;jy;.
,ytr fy;tpapd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij czu;j;Jtjw;fhf tpopg;Gzu;T epfo;r;rpfis Vw;gLj;jy;.
rpWtu;fspd; cupikfs; kPjhd rl;lq;fis PagefLikahf gpd; gw;W99 jy;.
fpuhkg;Gwq;fspYk; efu;g;Gwq;fspYk; ghugl;rkw;w rkkhd fy;tp Kiwia eilKiwg;gLj;jy;.
rpWtu;fis mtu;fspd; Nghf;fpy; tpl;L tplhky; md;G fye;j fl;Lg;gl;il nraw;gLj;jy;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
kpff;
Page- 99
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
,Wjpj; jPu;g;G (tpku;rd rpe;jid) rpwe;j jiyKiwia cUthf;Ftjw;fhf rpwhu;fis fy;tpkhd;fshf;Fjy;
crhj;Jizfs; http://www.probation.gov.lk/projectDetails_t.php?proid=87https://
pothikai.wordpress.com/2011/06/09/
https://www.unicef.org/protection/child-labour https://www.eclt.org/en/news/child-labour-causes
Page- 100
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 17
Mq;fpy fy;tpapy; khztu;fspd; gpd;dilTk;> mjw;fhd jPu;Tk;
Page- 101
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 101
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
17. Mq;fpy fy;tpapy; khztu;fspd; gpd;dilTk;> mjw;fhd jPu;Tk;.
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs;
FUzhfy;
mk;ghiw
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidfspd; ngau;fs;.
%Nyhgha kw;Wk; gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid.
njhFj;jwp rpe;jid.
rkNahrpj rpe;jid.
tpku;rd rpe;jid.
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk;> jPu;Tf;fhfTk; gad;gLj;Jk; Ma;T Kiwfs;.
jdpahs; Ma;T Kiw.
Ngl;b Kiw.
Gs;sp tpgutpay;.
tpdhnfhj;J
ntspf;fs Ma;T.
Page- 102
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
Mq;fpy fy;tpapd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij czuhik.
ehl;bd; fy;tpf; nfhs;if.
khztu;fs;> ngw;Nwhu;fspd; ftdaPdk;.
guPl;irf;F khj;jpuk; vd;W Mq;fpyj;ij tiuaWj;Jf; nfhs;sy;.
ghlj;jpl;lj;jpy; jpwd; Nkk;ghl;bw;F ,lkpy;iy.
GCE A/L fw;wy; fw;gpj;jy; rpwg;ghd Kiwapy; ,lk;ngwhik.
gpur;rpidia jPug ; ;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha kw;Wk; gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jidfs;
gpur;rpidia tiuaWj;jy;.
gpur;rpidia tiuaWj;jy; vd;gJ ehk; fbdkhd gpur;rpidia vjpu;nfhs;Sk; NghJ mjid xU jpwikahd gaDs;s Kiwapy; jPu;g;gjw;F vt;thW nry;tJ? vkJ gpur;rpidf;fhd Muk;gk;> fhuzj;ij fz;L nfhs;tjhFk;.
gpur;rpidia tifg; Page103gLj;jy; ,J vt;tifg; gpur;rpid vd mwpjy.;
gpur;rpidia jPu;j;jy;. gpur;rpidapd; ,ay;ig mwpjy;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 103
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
khztu;fs; kj;jpapy; tpopg;Gzu;it Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
Mq;fpy Gj;jfq;fs;> gj;jpupiffis thrpf;f J}z;Ljy; kw;Wk; mjd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij czu;j;Jjy;.
Mq;fpyk; rhu; Gwg;ghltpjhd nraw;ghLfspy; May 05). khztu;fspd; Mq;fpy nkhop tpUj;jp jho;e;J NghdNjd;? http://archives.thinakaran.lk/ Vaaramanjari/2013/05/05/?fn=f13050514 unknown. (2016, October 25). ,yq;ifapd; Mq;fpy fy;tpapd; m];jkdj;jpw;F Rankhopf;fy;tpAk; xU Kf;fpa fhuzkhFk;. http://www.battinews.com/2016/10/blog-post_825.html?m=1 upahy;> V.vy;.vk;. (2018). tpku;rd rpe;jidAk; tpQ;Qhd KiwfSk;-1> ,g;dhd; ntspaPL: fy;Kid.
Page- 104
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 18
jw;fhyj;jpy; ngz;fs; Ntiyf;Fr; nry;Yjy;
Page- 105
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 105
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
18.jw;fhyj;jpy; ngz;fs; Ntiyf;Fr; nry;Yjy;
gpur;rpid jPuT ; f;fhf gad;gLk; rpe;jidfspd; ngau;fs; gFg;gha;T rpe;jid
tpup rpe;jid
Ma;Tr; rpe;jid
jPu;khdk; vLf;Fk; rpe;jid
gpur;ridia jPu;j;jy; rpe;jid
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba Ma;T Kiwfs
mtjhd Kiw
Ngl;b Kiw (Neu;fhzy; Kiw)
fye;Jiuahly;
tpdhf; nfhj;J Kiw
ntspf;fs Ma;T Kiw
Page- 106
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;ridf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
gbj;j gbg;ig tPzhf;fhky; ,Ug;gjw;fhf.
nghUshjhu neUf;fb.
jdf;nfd;W xu; milahsj;ij cUthf;Ftjw;fhf.
fztdpd; nghUshjhuj;jpw;F gf;fgykhf ,Ug;gjw;fhf.
r%fj;jpy; rk cupikia ngWtjw;fhf.
fztid ,oe;j epiyapy; Foe;ijfis guhkupg;gjw;fhf.
tho;f;if juj;ij cau;j;jpf; nfhs;tjw;fhf.
ntspAyf mDgtk; ngWtjw;fhf.
FLk;g nrytPdk;> vjpfhyj; NjitfSf;fhf.
gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk; 1. gpur;rpidia ,dq;fhzy.;
2. gpur;rpidia tiuaiw nra;jy; 107 3. gpur;rpidiaPagetifg; gLj;jy;. 4. gpur;rpidia jPu;jj ; y;.
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 107
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
tPl;bypUe;J Nkw;nfhs;sf; $ba rpW ifj;njhopy;
(ijay;, myq;fhu nghUl;fs; cw;gj;jp, tPl;Lj;Njhl;lk;, nerTj; njhopy;)
r%fk; ngz;fSf;F mDkjpj;jpUf;Fk; njhopy;fis nra;jy;.
ngz;fspd; ,ay;Gf;F xj;Jg;Nghff; $ba njhopy;fis Gupjy;.
fw;gpj;jy;
gpurtk; ghu;j;jy; (VOG, jhjp)
fztd; my;yJ ghJfhtyu; mDkjpAld; njhopYf;F nry;Yjy;
,Wjpj; jPuT ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) ngz;fs; mtu;fsJ mbg;gilf; flikfisAk;> nghWg;Gf;ifsAk;> ghJfhg;igAk; ghjpf;fhj tifapy; njhopy; nra;jy;.
crhj;Jizfs; mfhu; Kfk;kJ, A. C. (2012). ngz;fs; njhopy; Gupjy; rpy topfhl;ly;fs;. upgh gjpg;gfk; ]hfpu; ehaf;,. (2011). ,];yhk; toq;Fk;
ngz;Zupikfs; fhyq;fle;jitah? etPdkhditah?. rh[pjh Gf; nrd;lu; nksyhdh iraj; [yhYj;jd P ; ckup. (n.d.). ngz;fSk; ,];yhKk;. ,];yhkpa epWtdk; l;u];l;.
Page- 108
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 19
guPl;iria ikag;gLj;jpajhf khztu;fspd; fy;tpr; R+oy;
Page- 109
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 109
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
19. guPl;iria ikag;gLj;jpajhf khztu;fspd; fy;tpr; R+oy;
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs;.
kl;lfsg;G –Xl;lkhtb
FUehfy; –gps;s];]
fz;b-njy;Njhl;il
jpUNfhzkiy –%J}u;
mDuhjGuk; –mDuhjGu efuk;
gpur;ridf;F jPu;thf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;
Ma;T rpe;jid
tpku;rd rpe;jid
gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid
rkNahrpj rpe;jid
gpur;rpid jPu;jj ; y; rpe;jid
Page- 110
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk;>jPuf ; ;fTk; gad;gLj;jf; $ba Ma;TKiwfs;
mtjhdpg;G
tpdhf;nfhj;J
fsMa;T
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
Muk;g fy;tpNyNa gps;isfs; guPl;irf;fhf jahu; nra;ag;gly;.
KO r%jhaj;jpd; fy;tp jifikAk; rhd;wpjy;fs; %yNk jPu;khzpf;fgly;.
,yq;ifia nghUj;jtiuapy; njhopy; Nghl;b guPl;iria ikag;gLj;jp fhzg;gly;.
khztu;fspd; vjpu;fhy fy;tpia jPu;khdpg;gjpy; Gs;spfs; vd;gJ kpf Kf;fpakhf ftdj;jpy; nfhs;sg;gly;.
Eg- f.ngh.j rhjhuz ju guPl;irapy; 6 ghlj;jpy; rpj;jp Njitg;gly;.
fl;lha
ghlrhiyapy; Pagekhztu; fspd; rhjidfs; gupl;irfis 111 ikag;gLj;jp milahsk; fhzg;gly;.
fy;tp jfikfis itj;J khztu;fis NtW gpupj;jy;
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 111
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia jPu ;g ;g jw;f hd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk; 1. gpur;rpidia tiuaWj;jy;
khztu;fspd; fy;tp epiy guPl;iria ikag;gLj;jp kl;Lg;gLj;jg;gl;L ,Ug;gJ Vd; ? 1 gpur;rpidia tifg;gLj;jy; cyfpy; Vida ehLfspYk; gupl;iria ikag;gLj;jpajhf fy;tp epiy fhzg;gLfpwjh? 2 fyg;G Nfs;tpfs; guPl;iria ikag;gLj;jpa fy;tpepiy rupahdjh? jtwhdjh ? 3 gpur;rpidia jPu;j;jy;
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
Muk;gf; fy;tp njhlf;fk; guPl;r;irf;F mOj;jk; nfhLf;fhky; Vida jpwikfisAk; tsu;g;gjw;F Mu;t%l;Ljy;.
ghlrhiyapy; ghlg; Gj;jfq;fisAk;> guPl;iriaAk; ikag;gLj;jhky; Vida Jiwfs; rk;ge;jkhd topfhl;liyAk;> Cf;fj;ijAk; toq;Fjy;.
khztu;fis ,idg;ghltpjhd nraw;ghLfspy; jpwd; fy;tpia Nkk;gLj;jy;. (NVQ)
,Wjpj; jPuT ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) guPl;iria ikag;gLj;jpa fy;tp KiwAld; Nru;j;J Vida jpwikfSf;Fk; Kd;Dupik toq;f Ntz;Lk; .
crhj;Jizfs; http://www.researchgate.net http://bsakthivel.blogspot.com/2014/01 http://nec.gov.lk/TA/about-usloverview
Page- 113 http://www.digital.lib.esn.ac.lkhttp://eNeu;fz;Nlhu;: ghlrhiy khztpfs; (cau;juk;, rhjhuzjuk;)
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 113
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 20
vkJ gpuNjrq;fspy; Vw;glf;$ba jw;nfhiyf;fhd fhuzq;fSk;; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;
Page- 114
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
20.vkJ gpuNjrq;fspy; Vw;glf;$ba jw;nfhiyf;fhd fhuzq;fSk;; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk; .
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs;
nghyd;dWit
Gj;jsk;
FUzhfy;
jpUNfhzkiy
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLk; rpe;jidfspd; ngau;fs;
Ma;Tr;rpe;jid
tpku;rd rpe;jid
Ftp rpe;jid
ca;jwp rpe;jid Page- 115 njhFj;jwp rpe;jid
jPu;khdk; vLf;Fk; rpe;jid
gpur;rpid jPu;jj ; y; rpe;ji
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 115
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba Ma;T Kiwfs;
fUJNfhs;
Ngl;b Kiw my;yJ Neu;fhzy;
jdpahs; Ma;T Kiw
mtjhd Kiw
fye;Jiuahly;
tpdh nfhj;J Kiw
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
FLk;gg; gpur;rpidfs; kw;Wk; cwTfspd; FsWgbfs;. (fld; njhy;iy> tWik> tPbd;ik> Ntiyapd;ik)
Njhy;tp (fhjy; Njhy;tp>guPl;ir Njhy;tp)
Vkhw;wk; (Nghypahd Ntiy tha;g;Gf;fs;)
csNeha;fs; (guk;giu Neha;fs;>capu;f;nfhy;yp Neha;fs;>jhq;f Kbahj cly;typ)
Nghijg;nghUs; J\;gpuNahfk; (KiwNflhd fu;g;gk;>ghypay; gpur;rpidfs;)
jdpik
kdmOj;jk;
gz;ghl;L> FLk;g> r%f uPjpahd fhuzpfs;
Page- 116
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk;.
r%f tiyj;jsq;fspy; mDjhgk; njuptpg;gij jtpu;j;J Neu;kiwahd fUj;Jf;fis gjptply;.
jw;nfhiy vz;zq;fis ePf;f Nahfh kw;Wk; jpahd nraw;ghLfspy; mjpfkhf A+.vy;. ,yq;ifapy; jw;nfhiy nra;Ak; ,lkhf khwpAs;s tuyhw;W milahsk;. Retrieved September 29> 2019. https://www.bbc.com/tamil/sri-lanka-49870224
Page- 118
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 21
rpd;dj;jpiuapdhy; rPuope;J tUk; r%fk;
Page- 119
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 119
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
21.rpd;dj;jpiuapdhy; rPuope;J tUk; r%fk;
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs; • khtndy;iy
• njy;njhl;il • gpypkjyht
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhfg; gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;
jPu;khdk; vLf;Fk; rpe;jid gpur;rpid jPu;jj ; y; rpe;jid Mf;fkyu;r;rp rpe;jid rkNahrpj rpe;jid tpup rpe;jid
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;TfSf;fhfTk; Nkw;nfhs;s $ba Ma;T Kiwfs; gz;gpay; Ma;T
gpuNahf Ma;T fz;fhdpg;G Ma;T gFg;gha;T
Page- 120
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;;rpidf;fhd fhuzk; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
FLk;g gpur;rpidfs; mjpfupj;jy;.
gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk; 1. gpur;rpidia tiuaWj;jy;. 2. gpur;rpidia tifg;gLj;jy;. 3. gpur;rpid jPu;j;jy;.
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid) tpopg;Gzu;T epfo;r;rp jpl;lq;fis Vw;gLj;jy;. FLk;g mq;fj;jtu;fSld; Neuk; nrytply;. $l;lhf khu;f;f tplaq;fspy; kUj;Jtk;> Rfhjhuk;> njhopEl; g Kiwfs; Nghd; w Vida trjpfs; G+uzkhf nfhLf;fg;gLtNjhL> mtu;fSf;Fupa r%f cupikiaAk;> md;G> ghrk;> fUiz Nghd;w mgpyhi\fisAk; Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhLf;f Ntz;Lk;.
REFERENCES :1-
tpku;rd rpe;jidfisAk; tpQ;Qhd KiwfSk; -1 (2018) > fyhepjp V.vy;.vk;.upahy; 2gps;isfspd; fw;wypy; ngw;Nwhu;fspd; gq;fspg;G(article) rp.mUs; N erd; ( fy; t papay; rpwg; G f; f w; i f khztd; f pof; F g; gy;fiyf;fofk;) Pagengw;Nwhiu >we;j rpwhu; fs;125vjpu;n fhs;Sk; fy;tp njhlu;ghd gpur;rpidfs; Nfhuisg;gw;W kj;jpa
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 125
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 23
Nghijt];jpdhy; rpWtu;fspd; fy;tp kw;Wk; vjpu;fhy tho;f;if ghjpf;fg;gLjy;
Page- 126
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
23.Nghijt];jpdhy; rpWtu;fspd; fy;tp kw;Wk; vjpu;fhy tho;f;if ghjpf;fg;gLjy;
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrk;
kUjKid mEuhjGuk; gz;lhutis ghze;Jiw jpUNfhzkiy
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jg;gLk; rpe;jidfs ; Gwta rpe;jid
gFg;gha;Tr; rpe;jid gpur;rpid jPu;jj ; y; rpe;jid
gpur;rpidf;Fj; jPu;thf gad;gLj;jf;$ba Ma;TKiwfs;
Pagejdpahs; Ma;T Kiw127
Mo;Japy; Ma;TKiw
Neu;fhzy; Ma;TKiw
;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 127
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;Fupa fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
ngw;Nwhu;fspd; xOq;fhd guhkupg;G ,d;ik.
rpWtu;fspd; tPl;L #oypy; ahuhtJ Nghijt];Jf;F mbikahfp ,Uj;jy;.
jPa ez;gu;fspd; gof;fk;.
ngw;Nwhupd; fz;fhzpg;gpypUe;J jdpj;J tplg;gly;.
Vjpu;fhy tho;f;if rk;ge;jkhf mwpt+l;ly;fs; toq;fg;glhik.
Nghijg;nghUs; ghtidahy; Vw;gLk; ghjpg;Gf;fs; gw;wpa tpopg;Gzu;T ,d;ik.
Fwpj;j #oypy; mjpfkhNdhu; Nghijg;ghtidapy; tpw;gidia fl;Lg;gLj;jy;. ghlrhiyf;F mUfpy; Nghijt];J tpw;gidia Kw;whf jilnra;jy;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 129
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
,yFthf fpilf;ff;$ba> ngw;Wf;nfhs;sf;$ba topKiwfis fl;Lg;gLj;jy;.
Nghijg;nghUs; kw;Wk; mjd; jPa tpisTfs; gw;wpa G+uz njspit toq;fp fy;tp eltbf;iffspy; cWJizahf ,Uj;jy;.
crhj;Jizfs;
1-
http://www.hcbi.nlm.nih.gov
2-
http://kidshealth.org
3-
Nghijg;nghUs;en.m.wikipidia
Page- 130
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 24
fzpjg; ghlj;jpy; khztu;fspd; gpd; milT
Page- 131
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 131
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
24.fzpjg; ghlj;jpy; khztu;fspd; gpd; milT
gpur;ridf;Fwpa gpuNjrk;
fpz;zpah
jk;gyhfhkk;
gpur;ridf;fhd jPuT ; f;fhf gad;gLk; rpej ; idg; ngau;fs;
rkNahrpj rpe;jid ,izr;rpe;jid gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid gFg;gha;T rpe;jid
gpur;ridia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;Tf;fhfTk; gad;gLj;Jk; Ma;TKiw
fs Ma;T my;yJ gupNrhjid Ma;T
vz;zpay; Ma;T
gz;gpay; Ma;T
gpuNahf Ma;T
tpsf;f Ma;T
fz;fhzpg;G Ma;T
Page- 132
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;ridf;fhd fhuzq;fs; ( rkNahrpj rpe;jid) fiyj;jpl;l Vkhw;wk;
fw;gpj;jy; nghUs; gw;whf;Fiw xOq;fw;w kjpg;gPL Mrpupau; gw;whf;Fiw Mu;tg; gw;whf;Fiw fw;wy; fw;gpj;jy; Kiw
gpur;ridia jPu;g;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jid gpur;rpidapd; ,ay;ig mwpjy; fzpjg;ghlj;jpy; Gs;spfs; ngWtJ khztu;fSf;F kpfTk; fbdkhf xU tplakhf cs;sJ. ,g; g pur; r pidahdJ njspthf tiuaWf; f g; g l; l Xu; gpur;ridahf cs;sJ.
gpur;ridia jPu;g;gjw;fhd tiuig tiujy; fhy Neu fzpg;gPL (ghlrhiy tpLKiw fhyk;), Mrpupau; Fohk; xd; w pidjy; , epWtd xj; j iog; G (epjp cjtp), Page133 MNyhridfSk; jPu;TfSk;.
jpl;lj;ij nraw;gLj;jy; gupNrhjpj;jy;
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 133
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;ridf;fhd jPu;Tfs; ( rkNahrpj rpe;jid )
tFg;giw R+oYf;F mg;ghy; fzpjk;
eilKiw tho;f;ifNahL njhlu;ghf;fs;
fzpjk; fw;wiy ,dpik Mf;Fjy;
khztu;fspd; tpUg;Gf;F Vw;g Neuk; toq;Fjy;
ehs;NjhWk; khztu;fSf;F fzpjk; rk;ke;jkhd eifr;Rit fij Gjpu;fs;
Nghd;wtw;iw fw;Wf;nfhs;s Mrpupau; Cf;Ftpj;jy; fzpjg;ghlj;jpy; Nju;r;rp ngw;w Mrpupau;fs; epakpj;jy;
kjpg;gPL
,Wjp jPu;T ( tpku;rd rpe;jid ) fzpjg;ghlj;jpy; Nju;r;rp ngw;w Mrpupau;fs; epakpj;jy;. • fzf;F NghLk; NghJ khztu;fis Cf;Ftpj;jy;. • Xt;nthW khztzpd; epiyia gw;wpAk; mwpjy;. • NghJkhd mtfhrk; toq;fs;.
crhj;Jidfs; 123-
gs;spf; fzpjk; xU ghu;it Mjhuk;:- jkpo; ehL Mrpupau; fy;tp Muha;r;rp ikak; uhk;gpufh, rpwg;G fl;Liu fzpjk; frg;gh? ,dpg;gh?.
Page- 134
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 25
ngz; khztpfs;; fy;tpia njhlu;jy;
Page- 135
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 135
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
25.ngz; khztpfs;; fy;tpia njhlu;jy;
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs; fhj;jhd;Fb
epe;jt+u; tTdpah
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;. tpku;rd rpe;jid
gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid %Nyhgha rpe;jid jPu;khdk; vLj;jy; rpe;jid gpur;rpid jPu;jj ; y; rpe;jid njhFj;;jwp rpe;jid Ma;Tr;rpe;jid
Page- 136
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;TfSf;fhfTk; gad;gLj;jf;$ba Ma;TKiwfs;. Ngl;b fhzy; Kiw ; Neu;fhzy; Kiw
jdpahs; Ma;T Kiw fUJNfhs; Ma;T Kiw mtjhdk;
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzpfs; ( rkNahrpj rpe;jid ) tWik.
,staJ jpUkzk;. mjpf ngz; gps;isfis nfhz;l FLk;gk;. ngz;fs; fy;tp fw;f Njitapy;iy vd;w kdepiyapy; cs;s FLk;gk;;. ngw;Nwhiu ,oe;j ,sk; ngz; khztpfs;;. Mz;fspdhy; Vw;gLk; ,ila+Wfs;. #oy; ghJfhg;gpd;ik. Page- 137
gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk; 1.
tWik fl;lha Nrkpg;G ViofSf;F ]fhj; epjpfis toq;Fjy;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
tpopg;Gzu;T eltbf;iffs; kw;Wk; mgptpUj;jp nraw;jpl;lq;fs;. r%u;jj ; p nfhLg;gdT eltbf;iffis ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy;. murhq;f Gyikguprpy;fs; ngw;Wf;nfhLj;jy;. 1.
,staJ jpUkzk;.
ngw;Nwhu;f s; jdJ ngz; gps;i sfspd; jpwikf;F k; fy;tpf;Fk; tha;g;gspf;f Ntz;Lk;. jpUkzk; Kbj;j fztd; Nkw;gbg;i g njhlu;tjw;F cjtpahf >Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. tpopg;Gzu;T eltbf;iffis ngw;NwhUf;F toq;Fjy;. 2.
3.
ngw;Nwhiu ,oe;j ,sk; ngz; khztpfs;. fy;tpia Nkk;gLj;j ngz; khztpfSf;F cjtpfis nra;jy;. rpwe;j ghlrhiyfspy; fy;tp fw;f tha;g;gspj;jy;. fy;tp fw;gjw;F cw;rhfkspj;jy;. fy;tp Gyik guprpy;fis ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;. ]fhj; epjpfis toq;Fjy;.
mjpf ngz; gps;isfs; nfhz;l FLk;gq;fs;
Ntiyf;F nrd;W gbf;ff;$ba eltbf;iffis Vw;gLj;Jjy;. fy;tp fw;why; rhjpf;fyhk; vd;w kdijupaj;ij ngz;gps;isfSf;F cw;rhf%l;Ljy;;.
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
1.
Mz;fspd; ghypay; njhy;iyfs;
ngw;Nwhu;fs; ngz; khztpfSf;F ghJfhg;ig toq;Fjy;;. fytd; ghlrhiyfspy; fy;tp fw;gij tpl ngz; khztpfis kfspu; ghlrhiyfspy; Nru;j;jy;. ngz;zpw;F Mz; tu;f;fj;jpdu; njhy;iyfs; nfhLf;fhky; ngz;zpw;F kjpg;ig toq;f Ntz;Lk;. 6. ngz;fs; fy;tp fw;f Njitapy;iy vd;w kdepiyapy; cs;s FLk;gk;;
,e;j kdepiyikia khw;w Kaw;rp nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ngz;fs; jw;NghJ vy;yh JiwfspYk; rhjid nra;fpwhu;fs; vd;w kdepiyf;F nfhz;L tu Kaw;rp nra;a Ntz;Lk;. ngz;fs; tYt+l;ly; nraw;jpl;lq;fs; kw;Wk; fUj;juq;Ffis Nkw;nfhs;sy;.
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
trjpapy;yhj FLk;gj;jpw;F fy;tpf; fld; jpl;lq;fis toq;Fjy; ]fhj; epjpfis toq;Fjy;. Page-trjpfis 139 rpW ifj;njhopy; nra;jy;. EXAMPLE: tpyq;F tsu;g;G> ijay;> kuf;fwp gapu;fs; Nghd;w ifj;njhopy;fspy; fztd;khu;fs; xU jsj;ij mikj;J nfhLj;jy;. ngz; khztpfSf;F fhjy;> ghypay; uPjpapyhd njhy;iyfs; Nghd;wtw;wpf;F ghJfhg;ig toq;Fjy;. nghUshjhu tYT+l;ly; fUj;juq;Ffis Nkw;nfhs;sy;. ngz; khztpfspd; fy;tp Cf;fj;ij czu;e;J fy;tp fw;f tha;g;gspj;jy;. Mz;fs; ngz; gps;isfspd; khdj;jpw;F ghJfhg;ig toq;Fjy;.
,Wjp jPu;T (tpku;rd rpe;jid) tWik> myl;rpak;> mwpahik Nghd;w fhuzq;fspdhy; ngz; gpsi ; sfspd; fy;tpapy; ftdk; nrYj;jhJ ,Ug;gjid tpLj;J> ngz; khztu;fspd; fy;tpia jilapyy ; hky; toq;fp mtu;fis ey;y rhjidahsu;fshf;FNthk;.
crhj;Jiz 1. uh[;Fkhu;>(2017).ngz;fy;tp.Retrieved from www.eluthu.com on 30/08/2017. 2. thj;jpahu;>(2015).ngz;fspd; fy;tpAk; r%jha Kd;Ndw;wKk;. Retrieved from www.yarl.com on 22/02/2017. 3. MMF.Suhaina- fhop ePjpkd;w cj;jpNahfj;ju;(fhj;jhd;Fb)
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 26
Fiwe;J tUk; thrpg;G gof;fj;jpw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;TfSk;
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
26.Fiwe;J tUk; thrpg;G gof;fj;jpw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;TfSk;
gpur;rpidf;Fupa
gpuNjrq;fs;
khj;jis Vwht+u; mDuhjGuk;
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jid ngau;fs;
Mf;fr;rpe;jid capj;jwpr; rpe;jid tpup rpe;jid gFg;gha;T rpe;jid
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;TfSf;fhfTk; gad;gLj;jf;$ba Ma;TKiwfs;.
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Ngl;b Kiw jdpahs; Ma;T Kiw vLNfhs; Ma;T Kiw ntspfs Ma;T Kiw tpdh nfhj;J Kiw njhFj;jwp Ma;T Kiw ca;j;jwp Ma;T Kiw
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; nfhtpl;fhy Klf;fk;. Gj;jfq;fs; mr;rpLtjpy; rpukk;. jw;fhyj;jpy; mjpfsT njhiyj; njhlu;G rhjdq;fspd; cgNahfpg;G. nghw; N whu; > Mrpupau; f s; thrpg; g pd; Kf; f paj; J tj; i j czu;j;jhik. gy gpuNjrq;fspy; E}y; epiyaq;fs; fhzg;glhik. nfhtpl;bdhy; ghlrhiyfs;> fy;tp $lq;fs; kw;Wk; E}y; epiyaq;fs; %lg;gl;lik. fy;tpf;F Njitahd Njly;fis Gj;jfj;jpd; %yk; Njlhky; ,izaj;jsj;jpd; %yk; NjLfpd;wik. kf;fspilNa fhzg;gLk; Nrhk;gy;. rpyu; thrpg;gJ Neu tpuak; vd;W vz;ZtJ. kf;fspy; rpyu; Mq;fpyk; kw;Wk; Vida nkhop Gj;jfq;fs; rQ;rpiffs; thrpg;gJ ngWik vd;W vz;zp jkpo;nkhop thrpg;gpid iftplg;gl;L NghfpwJ. ,d;iwa Foe;ijfspd; epfo;r;rpfis rpyu; rhgf; Nflhf fUJfpd;wdu;.
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk;
thrpg;G gw;wpa tpopg;Gzu;Tfis J}z;Ljy;. (c.k;) gj;jpupiffs; > rQ;rpiffs;> Jz;L gpuRuq;fs; Nghd;wtw;iw tpw;gid nra;jy;. nghJ ,lq;fs; midj;jpYk; thrpg;gjw;fhd E}y; epiyaq;fis cUthf;Fjy;. (c.k;) ghlrhiy, tPjp > gpuNjrk;
Gj;jf fz;fhl;rpfis elhj;Jjy;. khztu; r%jhaj;jpw;F nghJthd Nkil epfo;Tfis elhj;Jjy; khztu;fSf;F thrpg;gpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij vLj;Jiuf;Fk; tifapy; E}y;fis guprhf mspj;jy;.
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
gpwUf;F gupRfshf E}y;fis nfhLf;fyhk;. Mrpupau;fs; Gj;jfj;jpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij gps;isfs; kj;jpapy; vLj;Jiuj;jy;. khztu;fs; kw;Wk; ngupatu;fs; kj;jpapy; rpwe;j kdepiy xd;iw Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;sy;. thrpg;gjw;fhd ,yf;Ffis cUthf;fpf; nfhs;sy;. jpdrup thrpg;gjw;fhd Neu ml;ltizia jahupj;Jf; nfhs;sy;. tUkhdj;jpy; rpW gFjpia E}y;fSf;fhf nrytpLjy;. vg;NghJk; ek;NkhL E}y;fs; my;yJ gj;jpupiffis iftrk; itj;Jf; nfhs;sy;.
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
thrpf;Fk; rpW tplaj;ijahtJ Vidatu;fSld; gfpu;jy;. FLk;g mq;fj;jtu;fSf;Fk; thrpg;gpd; Kf;fpaj;ij vLj;Jiuj;jy;. Gj;jf fz;fhl;rpfis tUlk; NjhUk; elhj;Jjy;.
,Wjpj; jPuT ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) thrpg;G vd;gJ ek;kpy; ,Uf;Fk; gyupd; tho;f;ifia khw;wp mikf;fpwJ. me;jtifapy; kdpjdpd; G+uz mwpTf;F gq;fspg;G nra;tNjhL kfpo;r;rp> kd epk;kjp Nghd;witfis thrpg;G Vw;gLj;JfpwJ vd;W midtUf;F k; kj;j papy; tpopgG ; zu;Tfis Vw;gLj;Jjy; mtrpakhFk;. ,j;NjhL jfty; ngWtjw;Fk; gupkhWtjw;Fk; Kf;fpa ClfkhfTk; thrpg;G gq;fspf;fpd;wJ. ,d;Dk; midtuplj;jpy; nghJ mwpT tsu;r;rpapy; mjid tpuptila nra;tjpy; mjpf gq;F thrpg;g jw;F cz;L vd;gij ehk; njspthf mwpe;J nfhs;Nthk;.
crhj;Jiz 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
mUfpy; nry;Yk; thrpg;G gof;fk; (2019>mf;Nlhgu; 07) jpdfud; thrpg;gpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; mwpNthk; (2017>[Pd; 07) fPwW ; Gj;jf thrpg;Gk; Nkk;gl;l tho;Tk; ( 2017 > mf;NPagelhgu; 145 04) khiykyu;
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 145
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 27
tPjp tpgj;jpdhy; Vw;gLk; capu; ,og;G
Page- 146
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
27.tPjp tpgj;jpdhy; Vw;gLk; capu; ,og;G
gpur;rpidf;Fupa
gpuNjrq;fs;
nffpuht (mEuhjGuk;) nghj;Jtpy; (mk;ghiw) fy;gpl;ba (Gj;jsk;) fy;Kid (mk;ghiw) ntypfk (khj;jiw)
gpur;rpid jPuT ; f;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpej ; id ngau;fs;
rkNahrpj rpe;jid ,izahd rpe;jid gFj;jha;T rpe;jid Ma;Tr;rpe;jid njwpj;jy; rpe;jid Mf;f kyu;r;rp rpe;jid
gpur; r pidia fz; l wpaTk; jP u ; T fSf; f hfTk; gad;gLj;jf;$ba Ma;TKiwfs;.
mtjhd Kiw Page- 147 VLfspd; Ma;T
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 147
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
rk;gtf; fw;if, jdpahs; Ma;T, tpla Ma;T tpdhf;nfhj;J Kiw cw;W Nehf;Fif Kiw Gs;sp tpgutpay; Ma;T Kiw
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid) rhujpfspd; ftdaPdk;. ghjrhupfspd; ftdaPdk;. thfdj;jpy; ,Uf;ff;$ba NfhshWfs;. fhy;eilfs; %yk; Vw;glf;$ba ,ilA+Wfs;. Nghf;Ftuj;J Jiwapdupd; ftdf; FiwT.
gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wfSk;; rpWtu;fs;> tNahjpgu;fs;> FbNghijapy; ,Ug;gtu;fs; thfdj;ij Xl;Ltij jilnra;jy;. thfdj;jpw;fhd Fwpj;j Ntfk; xd;iw eilKiwg;gLj;jy;. tPjpfis xOq;fhd Kiwapy; Gdu;epu;khzk; nra;jy;. ghjrhupfSf;F tPjp tpgj;Jf;fs; njhlu;ghd tpopg;Gzu;it Vw;gLj;jy;. fhy; e il cupikahsu; f s; cupa Kiwapy; mtu; f sJ fhy;eilfisg; guhkupf;f eltbf;if vLj;jy;. rl;lj;ij kPWgtu;fsplk; jz;l gzj;ij mwtpLjy;.
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid) t P j p g ; N g h f ; F t u j ; J r l ; l q ; f i s f L i k a h f eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gly;. tpopg;Gzu;Tfis Vw;gLj;jy;. rpWtu; f Sf; F tP j p xOq; F fis eilKiwg; g Lj; j topfhl;ly;. ghjrhupfs; tPjp xOq;Ffis jtwhJ gpd;gw;Wjy;.
,Wjpj; jPuT ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) tPjp tpgj;jpdhy; Vw;gLk; capu; ,og;Gf;fis jLg;gjw;fhd rpwe;j jPu;T tPjp xOq;Ffs; kw;Wk; tPjp Nghf;Ftuj;J rl;lq;fis juhjuk; ghu;f;fhky; fLikahf eilKiwgLj;jyhFk;.
crhj;Jizfs;. 1. Annual Accident Report> Traffic Police Branch> Ampara Police> 2016 2. Bong.M. and Jinhyun.K> 2003. Road traffic Accidents and Policy interventions in Korea. Valume 10. 3. Department of Police - Sri Lanka> 2008 4. Harnan Singh andPageAD Aggarwal. Fatal Road Traffic Accidents 149 among youth Children. J Indian acad forensic med 32 Road Accidents through in depth Accident Analysis. ATSS Research> Vol 32 -No 2 5. Sunday Times> Sri Lanka - April> 27> 2014> “Road accidents in top gear”> by Chathuri DissanayaConferen
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 28
rPjdj;jpdhy; Vw;gLk; tpisT
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
28.rPjdj;jpdhy; Vw;gLk; tpisT
gpur;ridf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs; mDuhjGuk; kl;lf;fsg;G ePfk mk;ghiw Gj;jsk;
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;
%Nyhgha rpe;jid rkNahrpj rpe;jid tpku;rd rpe;jid gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid njhFj;jwp rpe;jid
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPuT ; f;fhfTk; gad;gLj;jf; $ba Ma;T Kiwfs; Page- 151
fye;Jiuahly;. Ngl;b fhzy;. mtjhdpj;jy;. tpdhf;fis vOg;Gjy;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 151
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
r%f me;j];J. mwpahik. r%f> fyhr;rhu ghjpg;G. rPjdj;ij xU gz;ghlhf epidj;jy;.
gpur;rpidfis jPu;gg ; jw;fhf %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wYk;
rPjdk; njhlu;ghd tpopg;Gzu;it Vw;gLj;Jjy;. Mz; gps;isfs; ,Uf;Fk; ngw;Nwhu; jd; Mz; gps;isia jpUkzk; nra;J itf;Fk; NghJ rPjdk; Nfl;fhJ ,Uj;jy;. %l gof;ftof;fq;fis fiyj;J r%fj;jpw;F kj;jpapy; Gj;Jzu;it Vw;gLj;Jk;. fy;tp mwptpid ngz;fSf;F Cl;Ltjd; %yk; rPjdk; vd;w rk;gpujhaj;ij Fiwf;fyhk;. ghy; rkj;Jtj;jpid cUthf;Fjy;.
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs;. (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
tpopg;Gzu;T Cl;ly;. ghy; rkj;Jtk; Ngzy;. Mz; gps;isfs; jq;fs; ngw;Nwhuplk; rPjdk; Nfl;ff; $lhJ vd cWjpahf $wp itj;jy;.
,Wjpj; jPu;T (tpku;rd rpe;jid) Mz;fs; mtu;fspd; jpUkz tho;tpw;F mtu;fSf;F nghUj;jkhd ngz;fis jpUkzk; nra;al;Lk;. khwhf mtu;fspd; nrhj;Jf;fisay;y.
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 29
,isQu;fSk; r%ftiyj;js ghtid
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 153
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
29.,isQu;fSk; r%ftiyj;js ghtid .gpur;ridf;Fupa gpuNjrk;
Kandy ANURADHEPURA MUTHUR AKURANA
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;
rkNahrpj rpe;jid Ma;T rpe;jid tpku;rd rpe;jid Mf;fr; rpe;jid capj;jwp rpe;jid njhFj;jwp
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;Tf;fhfTk; gad;gLj;jf; $ba Ma;T Kiwfs;
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Ngl;b Kiw VLfspy; Ma;TKiw tpdhf;nfhj;J Kiw ca;j;jwp Kiw
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
njhFj;jwp Kiw
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzk; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
fw;wy; eltbf;fhf gad;gLj;Jjy;. (Zoom,website) tpisahLtjw;F gad;gLj;jy;. (Piggy, pubgy, Fee fire) nra;jpfisg; gupkhWtjw;F gad;gLj;Jjy;. ( Instagram, WhatsApp, Facebook, twitter) online dpy; nghUl;fis nfhs;tdT nra;tjw;F gad;gLj;jy;. online dpy; tpahghu eltbf;iffSf;F gad;gLj;jy;. ,izaj; jsj;jpy; Gjpa nra;jpfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;F gad;gLj;jy;.
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs;. (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
,izajsj;jpw;Fg; gjpyhf E}yfj;ijg; gad;gLj;jy;. online tpisahl;bw;Fg; gjpyhf r%ff; FOf;fSld; tpisahly;. r%f tiyj;jsj;jpy; nra;jpfis gupkhWk; NghJ mwpKfkw;w egUldhd njhlu;ig jtpu;jJ ; f; nfhs;sy;. online dpy; nghUl;fis nfhs;tdT nra;ahky; Neubahf nrd;W ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sjy;. Pager%ftiyj; jsj; jpy;155 nra;jpfisg; ngWtjw;Fg; gjpyhf gj;jpupif> thndhyp> njhiyf; fhl;rp Nghd;wtw;wpy; jftiyg; ngwy;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
,Wjpj; jPuT ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) ,Wjp Kbthf etPd fhyj;jpy; thOk; xt;nthUtUk; r%f tiyaj;Jld; ghupa njhlu;G nfhz;bUg;gJ mtrpakhfpwJ Vndd;why; ,d;W mNdfkhd Ntiyfs; ,yFgLj;j ,t; tiyj;js ghtid ghupa gq;fspf;fpwJ. me;j tifapy; fy;tp> njhopy;tha;g;G> njhlu;ghly; Nghd;wtw;Wf;fhf tsu;eJ ; tUk; ,d;iwa ,isQu; $l;lk; ,t;tiyaj;ij gad;gLj;JfpwJ. ,jdhy; gy;NtW gpur;rpidfisAk; ,j; jiyKiw vjpu;nfhs;fpwJ. vdNt ,isQu;fshfpa ehk; vkJ Njitf;F Vw;w tifapy; r%f ,izaj;jsj;ij gad;gLj;JtJld; mjd; jPikapy; ,Ue;J tpyfp jFe;j gpuNahrdj;ij mile;J vjpu;fhyj;ij fl;bnaOg;GNthk;.
crhj;Jizfs;
https://tamil.lifie.lk/2020/06/05/negative-impact-on-social-medias/
https://suntrustblog.com/ta/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-socialnetworking-top-54-pros-cons/
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 30
rPjdk;
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 157
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
30. rPjdk; rPjdk; my;yJ tujl;rizia Mq;fpyj;jpy; dowry vd;fpwhu;fs;. ,jw;Fg; nghUs; mfuhjpapy; xU kzg;ngz;zplk; ,Ue;J kzkfd; tPl;lhUf;fhf jpUkzj;jpd; NghJ Nfl;fg;gLk; gzk;> nghUs; midj;Jk; vd;W $wg;gLfpwJ.rPjdk; vd;gJ xU ngz;iz jpUkzk; nra;J nfhs;tjw;fhf khg;gpsi ; sf;F my;yJ mtiu rhu;e;jtu;fSf;F ngz;zpd; ngw;Nwhu;fNsh> mtisr; rhu;e;jtu;fNsh nfhLf;Fk; gzk; my;yJ nrhj;J MFk; vd;W r%ftpayhsu;fs; Fwpg;gpLfpd;wdu;.
gpur;ridf;Fupa gpuNjrk;
Negama (Anuradhapura) Kattankudy (Batticoloa) Negama (Anuradhapura) Sammandurai (Ampara) Madhavakulam (puttalam)
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;
%Nyhgha rpe;jid rkNahrpj rpe;jid tpku;rd rpe;jid gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid njhFj;jwp rpe;jid
Page- 158
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;Tf;fhfTk; gad;gLj;jf; $ba Ma;T Kiwfs; 1.fye;Jiuahly; 2.Ngl;b fhzy; 3.mtjhdpj;jy; 4.tpdhf;fis vOg;Gjy;
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzk; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
r%f me;j];J mwpahik r%f>fyhr;rhu ghjpg;G rPjdj;ij xU gz;ghlhf epidj;jy;
gpur;rpidfis jPu;gg ; jw;fhf %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;GfSk; rPjdj;jpd; tpisTfs;
Page- 159 ngz;fs; ntspehl;Lf;F nry;Yjy;. ViofSf;F Jiz ,y;yhky; Nghjy;. FLk;gj;jpdUf;F ngz;gps;is Rikahjy;. kd vOr;rp kd Neha; vd;gd Vw;gly;. typjhud;wp jpUkzk; elj;jy;. rPjdk; vd;w fhuzj;ijf; nfhz;Lk; kidtp fztDf;F fl;Lg;glhik.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 159
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
b. gpur;rpidfSf;fhd jPu;Tfs;
rPjdk; njhlu;ghd tpopg;Gzu;it Vw;gLj;Jjy;. Mz; gps;isfs; ,Uf;Fk; ngw;Nwhu; jd; Mz; gps;isia jpUkzk; nra;J itf;Fk; NghJ rPjdk; Nfl;fhJ ,Uj;jy;. %l gof;ftof;fq;fis fiyj;J r%fj;jpw;F kj;jpapy; Gj;Jzu;it Vw;gLj;Jk;. fy;tp mwptpid ngz;fSf;F Cl;Lk;NghJ rPjdj;jpd; jd;ikapid Fiwf;fyhk;. ghy; rkj;Jtj;jpid cUthf;Fjy;.
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs;. (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
tpopg;Gzu;T Cl;ly;. ghy; rKj;Jtk; Ngzy;. Mz; gps;isfs; jq;fs; ngw;Nwhuplk; rPjdk; Nfl;ff; $lhJ vd cWjpahf $wp itj;jy;.
,Wjpj; jPuT ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) Mz;fs; mtu;fspd; jpUkz tho;tpw;F mtu;fSf;F nghUj;jkhd ngz;fis jpUkzk; nra;al;Lk;. khwhf mtu;fspd; nrhj;Jf;fisay;y.
Page- 160
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 31
#oy; fopTfis Kiwahf mfw;Wjy;
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 161
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
31.#oy; fopTfis Kiwahf mfw;Wjy;
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs;
nfhOk;G
fz;b
FUehfy;
Etnuypah
jpUNfhzkiy
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;
%Nyhgha rpe;jid
rkNahrpj rpe;jid
tpku;rd rpe;jid
gpur;rpid jPu;jj ; y; rpe;jid
Ma;Tr; rpe;jid
Page- 162
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;TfSf;fhfTk;
Nkw;nfhs;sf;$ba Ma;TKiwfs;
fUJNfhs;
jdpahs; Ma;T Kiw
ntspf;fs Ma;T
mtjhdk;
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
efukakhf;fk;
rdj;njhif mjpfupg;G
ngUe;njUf;fspd; mjpfupg;G
kf;fs; kj;jpapy; tpopg;Gzu;T ,d;ik
fl;llq;fspd; tpUj;jp
gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk; Page- 163 1. gpur;rpidia tiuaiw nra;jy;; #oy; fopTfs; Kiwaw;w Kiwapy; mfw;wg;gLtjdhy; Vw;gLfpd;w gpur;rpidfSk; jPu;TfSk.;
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 163
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
2. gpur;rpidia tifg;gLj;jy;.
mDgt uPjpahd tpdhf;fs;. #oy; fopTfis Kiwahd tpjj;jpy; mfw;Wtjw;F kPs; Row;rp nra;a KbAkh? #oy; fopTfis ,optsthf;Ftjw;F gad;gLj;jf;$ba khw;wPL Kiwfs; ahit?
3. gpur;rpidia jPu;jj ; y;. rkNahrpj rpe;jid Clhf Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfis ,dq;fhzy;.
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
kf;fs; elkhl;lk; Fiwe;j ,lq;fspy; fopTfis mfw;wy;.
kPs; Row;rp nra;af; $ba fopTfis kPs; Row;rp nra;jy;.
#oy; fopTfis mfw;Wtjpy; Kiwahd rl;l tpjpfis ,aw;wy;. mjid eilKiwg;gLj;jy;.
,aw;if jhtuf; fopTfis cuq;fshf gad;gLj;jy;.
Page- 164
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
,Wjpj; jPu;g;G (tpku;rd rpe;jid) #oy; fopTfis Kiwahf mfw;whikapdhy; Vw;gLfpd;w ghjpg;Gf;fs; gw;wpa tpopg;Gzu;it kf;fs; kj;jpapy; Vw;gLj;jp mJ njhlu;ghd rl;ltpjpfisAk; mtu;fsplk; vj;jp itj;jy;. (,];yhkhdJ Rj;jj;ij tpUk;Gfpd;wJ. Rj;jk; jPu;Tf;fhfTk; gad;gLk; Ma;T Kiwfs;
Ngl;b Kiw
tpdhf;nfhj;J Kiw
njhFj;jwp Kiw
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
FLk;g nghUshjhu Njitia eptu;jj ; pg;gij nghWg;Ngw;f Mz;fs; fhzg;glhik.
ehl;bd; fLfjp tpiythrpahy; mjpfupj;Js;s FLk;g tWik.
Mlk;gu Nkhfk;.
ntspehl;L Kftu;fs; epiyaq;fspd; ftu;r;rpfukhd rYiffshy; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk;.
ngz;fspd; jpwikfis ,dq;fz;L gpuNjr uPjpapy; njhopy; toq;Fjy;. Ex: Milj; njhopw;rhiy
murhq;fk; cjtpfis toq;Fjy;. Ex: rKu;jj ; p nfhLg;gzT
Page- 168
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
tl;bapy;yh fld; njhif toq;fp Gjpa Kaw;rpfis Nkw;nfhs;s cjtp mspj;jy;.
kjthupahd
cjtpfis
toq;fy;.
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
ngz;fs; cs;Shupy; Ntiy nra;tij ntl;fkhf fUJk; kdg;ghq;if khw;wy;.
njhopy; gapw;rp gl;liwfspy; mtu;fis ,izj;J Gjpa njhopiy fw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;fhd tha;g;gpid toq;Fjy;.
Mz;fspd; njhopy; Kaw;rpf;F ngz;fs; gq;fspj;jy;. Ex: rpW filfs;> cztfk;, ifg;gzp> Ra njhopy; Ntiyfis nra;jy;.
Nrkpg;G eltbf;iffs;.
,Wjp jPu;T (tpku;rd rpe;jid) Page- 169 CupYs;s nghUshjhu uPjpahf gpd;dile;jtu;fis fz;lwpe;J mtu;fSf;F rpW rpW Ntiy tha;g;gpid ngw;Wf; nfhLf;f cjTjy;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 169
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 33
tWikapdhy; r%f kf;fspd; fy;tpj; Jiw
Page- 170
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
33.tWikapdhy; r%f kf;fspd; fy;tpj; Jiw
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrk;
rk;khe;Jiw
gpur;rpid jPuT ; f;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidfspd; ngau;fs;.
Ma;Tr; rpe;jid
gpur;rpid jPu;jj ; y; rpe;jid
gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid
Mf;fkyu;r;rpr; rpe;jid
rkNahrpj rpe;jid
njhFj;jwp rpe;jid
gpur;rpidiaf; fz;lwpaTk;> jPu;Tf;fhfTk; gad;gLj;jf;$baPageMa;171 T Kiwfs;
Ngl;b Kiw
mtjhdk;
VLfspd; Ma;T Ki
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 171
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
khztu;fis Ntiyf;F mDg;Gjy;.
ngw;Nwhu; gps;isfspd; fy;tp eltbf;iffspy; ftdaPdkhf ele;J nfhs;sy;.
ngw;Nwhu;fs; gps;isfspd; fy;tp eltbf;iffSf;F Kd;Dupik mspf;fhky; gzj;jpw;F Kd;Dupik mspj;jy;.
Nghijg; nghUs; ghtid
r%f tiyj;js ghtid
gpur;rpid jPu;gg ; jw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wYk;
,ytrf; fy;tpia Kiwahf toq;Fjy;.
jdpg;gl;l uPjpahfTk; epWtdq;fs; ClhfTk; epjp cjtpfis toq;Fjy;.
fy;tp fw;gjw;fhd trjpfis Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhLj;jy; Ex: kpd;rhuk;> Nghf;Ftuj;J> ghJfhg;G
fy;tp fw;gjw;fhd tpUg;gj;ij khztu;fs; kj;jpapy; Vw;gLj;jy;.
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
Page- 172
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
Fwpj;j taJ tiu fl;lhaf; fy;tpia mky;gLj;Jjy;.
ngw;Nwhu;fspd; tUkhdj;ij mjpfupf;fr; nra;jy;.
ngw;NwhUf;fhd tpopg;Gzu;T epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fis Vw;ghL nra;jy;.
rpW ifj;njhopy;fis nra;atjw;F Cf;Ftpj;jy;.
gps;isfspd; fy;tpapy; ngw;Nwhu;fs; nrYj;Jjy;.
ftdk;
,Wjpj; jPuT ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) Nkyjpf tFg;Gf;fis ehlhjthW ,ytrf; fy;tpia Kiwahf nraw;gLj;jy;.
crhj;Jizfs; https://books.google.lk/books?id=06w_
Page- 173
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 173
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 34
rpWtu; J\;gpuNahfk;
Page- 174
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
34.rpWtu; J\;gpuNahfk;
gpur;rpidf;Fupa
gpuNjrq;fs;.
rha;e;jkUJ
aho;g;ghzk;
fz;b
mEuhjGuk;
jpUNfhzkiy
nghyd;dWit
gpur;rid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLk; rpe;jidfspd; ngau;fs;.
gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid
gFg;gha;T rpe;jid
%Nyhgha rpe;jid
;rkNahrpj rpe;jPageid 175
gpur;ridia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;Tf;fhfTk; gad;gLj;jf;$ba Ma;T Kiwfs;.
gFg;gha;T Kiwfs;
tpsf;f kw;Wk; tpguz Kiwfs;
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 175
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;ridfhd fhuzq;fs;. (rkNahrpj rpe;jid);
ngw;Nwhupd; ftdaPdk;.
ngw;Nwhupd; ntspehl;L Ntiytha;g;G.
ngw;Nwhupd; tpthfuj;J.
ngw;Nwhupd; fy;tpawptpd;ik.
rpWtu;fspd; mg;ghtpj;jdKk; mwpahikAk.;
nghUshjhu gytPdk;.
ifalf;fj; njhiyNgrp kw;Wk; ,izag; ghtid.
kJghdk; kw;Wk; Nghijg; nghUs; ghtid.
rpWtu;fs; jdpikg;gLj;jg;gl;bUj;jy.;
rpwpanjhU R+oypy; mjpfkhNdhu; tho;jy.;
gpur;rpid jPu;gg ; jw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk;. rpWtu; J\;gpuNahfk; njhlu;ghd gpur;rpidapid jPu;g;gjw;F gy khw;W eltbf;iffs; fhzg;gLfpd;wd. mtw;wpid mbg;gilahf itj;J %Nyhgha rpe;jidapd; %yk; xU gpur;rpidia mZfp mtw;wpid jPu;f;fyhk;. rpWtu; J\;gpuNahfk; vd;w gpur;rpidapid jPu;g;gjw;F rpWtu;fSf;F td;Kiw njhlu;ghf njspTgLj;Jjy;> rpWtu;fspd; kfpikapid Fwpg;gpLjy; Nghd;wthwhd njsptpid toq;Ftjd; %yk; jPu;f;fyhk;.
Page- 176
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid);
rpWtu;fspd; ghJfhg;ig cWjpg;gLj;jy;.
ngw;Nwhu; gps;isfs; njhlu;gpy; njhlu;r;rpahf Muha;jy;.
FLk;gj;jpd; nghUshjhu epiyikf;F gjpyPlhf gps;isfis cgNahfpg;gij jLj;jy;.
rpWtu;fSf;F mwpT+l;Ljy;.
ngw;NwhUf;fpilapyhd rz;ilfs;> tpupry;fs;> kdf;frg;Gf;fs; , tpthfuj;ij jtpu;jJ ; f; nfhs;sy;
,Wjpj; jPu;T. (tpku;rd rpe;jid)
Mz;> ngz; ,UghyhUk; rkkhdtu;fs; vd;gij czu;j;Jjy;
crhj;Jizfs; 1. rpWtu; J\;gpuNahfk;> Athavan(2018) GRLjFJNjvpc Page- 177
http://youtu.be/
2. SriLanka>12>November>1998> “National Child Protection Authority Act No. 50 of 1998.”
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 177
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 35
jw;fhyj;jpy; FLk;gq;fSf;F ,ilapy; Vw;gl;Ls;s nghUshjhu neUf;fb
Page- 178
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
35. jw;fhyj;jpy; FLk;gq;fSf;F ,ilapy; Vw;gl;Ls;s nghUshjhu neUf;fb
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs;.
ehghtis
fhj;jhd;Fb
Gj;jsk;
fy;Kid
ghze;Jiw
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;j $ba rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;.
rkNahrpj rpe;jid
gFg;gha;T rpe;jid
gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid
Neu; rpe;jid
tpup rpe;jid
tpku;rd rpe;jid
Page- 179
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 179
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
jPu;khdk; vLj;jy; rpe;jid
%Nyhgha rpe;jid
Mf;f kyu; rpe;jid.
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPuT ; fSf;fhfTk; Nkw;nfhs;s $ba Ma;T Kiwfs;
gFg;gha;T Ma;T
vz;zpay; Ma;T
gpuNahf Ma;T
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs;; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
mjpfupj;J tUk; tho;fi ; f nryT Kiw
nghUl;fspd; tpiy mjpfupg;G
covid-19 Neha; guty; fhuzkhf tpahghuq;fs; Klf;fg;gl;lik.
rdj;njhif mjpfupg;G
FLk;gq;fSf;Fs; mjpfkhf Mz;fs; khj;jpuNk njhopy; eltbf;iffspy; ,uh. (2017,September). Mlk;guk; jtpu;g;Nghk;. jpdkzp. https://www.dinamani.com/editorial-articles/center-page-articles/2017/ Page- 187 sep/16
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 187
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 35
Nfhtpl;-19 #o;epiy fhuzkhf fw;wypy; ghlrhiy khztu;fSk;> gy;fiyf;fof khztu;fs;
Page- 188
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
37.Nfhtpl;-19 #o;epiy fhuzkhf fw;wypy; ghlrhiy khztu;fSk;> gy;fiyf;fof khztu;fs;
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs;
fy;Kid
VwhT+u;
jpUNfhzkiy
khj;jis
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLk; rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;
rkNahrpj rpe;;jid
%Nyhgha rpe;jid
gFg;gha;T rpe;jid
tpup rpe;jid Page- 189
ca;j;jwp rpe;jid
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 189
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk;> jPu;Tf;fhfTk; Nkw;nfhs;sf;$ba Ma;T Kiwfs;
mtjhdpg;G
fs Ma;T
tpdhf; nfhj;J
Ngl;b fhzy;
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzk; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
njhiyepiyf; fy;tp gw;wpa njsptpd;ik
njhiyepiyf; fy;tp gw;wpa Gupe;Jzu;T khztu;fs; kj;jpapy; fhzg;glhikNa fhuzkhFk;.
gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk;
murhq;fk; khztu;fSf;F rupahd njhopEl;gk; kw;Wk; ,iza trjpfis ngw;Wf; nfhLj;jy;.
njhlu;jN ; ju;r;rpahf fw;iffis itf;fhJ Fwpg;gpl;l Neuj;jpw;F Vw;wthW kl;Lg;gLj;jy;.
ngw;Nwhu;fs; khztu;fSf;F Vw;wthW fw;gjw;Fupa mikjpahd #oiy Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhLj;jy;.
fw;if jtpu;e;j Vida Neuq;fspy; khztu;fs; njhiyNgrpapy; Neuq;fis fopg;gij Fiwj;jy; ,jd; %yk; cly;uPjpahd gpur;rpidia Fiwf;fyhk;.
Page- 190
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
ngw;Nwhu;fspd; fz;fhzpg;gpy; khztu;fis fw;iffspy; mku;j;jy;.
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
tPbNah kw;Wk; epfo;jJ ; if %yk; khztu;fSf;F Mrpupau;fs; fw;gpg;gjd; %yk; khztu;fspd; ftdaPdk;> ghlq;fis rupahf Gupe;J nfhs;Sk; jd;ikia Vw;gLj;jy;.
khztu;fs; jhd; rhu;e;j gpur;rpidfis jaf;fkpd;wp Mrpupau;fsplk; $wp mwpTiu Nfl;ly;.
njhiyepiyf; fy;tp jw;fhy cyf G+NfhskakhjYf;F njhopEl;g tpUj;jpf;F Kf;fpak; vd;W khztu;fSf;F njspTgLj;jy;.
epfo;epiyf; fy;tp gw;wpa tpopg;Gzu;T fUj;juq;fis murhq;fj;jpd; jiyikapy; Kd;dpd;W nraw;gl Kaw;rpj;jy;.
Online fy;tp %yk; njhlu Kbahj fpuhkg;Gw kw;Wk; Vio gps;isfSf;F murhq;fk; cjtpfis Nkw;nfhs;sy;.
(cjhuzk;) ,ytrPagekbf;f 191 zpdpfs; ,ytr ,iza trjpfs;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 191
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
,Wjpj; jPuT ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) r%f ,ilntspiaAk; Rfhjhu eltbf;iffisAk; Ngzpa mikg;gpy; ghlrhiyfisAk;> gy;fiyf;fofq;fisAk; kPs Muk;gpf;f Ntz;Lk;.
crhj;Jiz jpdfud; 2020 july 30 Nguhrpupau; fpu`hk; nkl;yp, nfhNuhdh itu];> yz;ld; ];$y; M/g; i`I{d; md;l; buhgpfy; nkbrpd;
Neu; fz;ltu;fs;
ghlrhiy khztu;fs;: (ghj;jpkh g]P`h, m`kl; ]ug;) gy;fiyf;fof
khztu;fs;:
(rpghah, E\;uj;)
Page- 192
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 35
jw;fhyj;jpy; tpthfuj;J mjpfupg;G
Page- 193
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 193
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
38.jw;fhyj;jpy; tpthfuj;J mjpfupg;G
gpur;rpidFupa gpuNjrq;fs;
kUjKid
nghyeWit
epyhntsp
%JhH
rk;khe;Jiw
gpur;rpid jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;
gFg;gha;T rpe;jid
Ftp rpe;jid
tpup rpe;jid
,izr;rpe;jiz
tpku;rd rpe;jiz
%Nyhgha rpe;jid
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPuT ; fSf;fhfTk; Nkw;nfhs;sf;$ba Ma;T Kiwfs;
Neu;fhzy;
mtjhdk;
Page- 194
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
tpdhf;nfhj;J
jdpahs; Ma;T Kiw
gpur;rpidf;Fupa fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
jk;gjpau;fSf;F kj;jpapy; Gupe;Jzu;T ,d;ik.
jpUkz tho;f;if gw;wpa njsptpd;;ik.
FLk;gk; rhu;e;j njspthd mwpT Nghjhik.
gpur;rpidia vjpu;nfhs;tjw;fhd JzpT ,d;ik.
,s taJ jpUkzq;fs; mjpfupg;G.
khkpahu; kUkfSf;F kj;jpapy; tpyfy; Vw;gLjy;.
njhopy; gpur;rpidfs;.
tpOkpa FiwghL.
fztd; kidtp egu; Eiojy;.
vjpu;ghu;Gf;fs; epiwNtw;wg;glhik.
gpur;rpidf;F kj;jpapy; %d;whtJ
Page- 195
gpur;rpidia jPug;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk;.
gpur;rpidia tiuaWj;jy.;;
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 195
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;) jw;fhyj;jpy; tpthfuj;J mjpfupg;gjdhy; Vw;gLk; gpur;rpidfSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
gpur;rizia tifg;gLj;jy;. -
fyg;G
mDgt uPjpahd gpur;rpid Nfs;tpfs;
-
tpthfuj;jpdhy; Vw;gLk; gpur;rpidfs; vd;d?
-
tpthfuj;J
-
tpthfuj;ij Fiwg;gjw;fhd jPu;tfs; vd;d?
mjpfupg;gjw;fhd fhuzq;fs; vd;d?
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid) jpUkz tho;f;ifapd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij njspTgLj;jy.; Foe;;ijfs; gw;wpa fupridia mjpfg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;;. fztd; kidtp Gupe;Jzu;T mjpfupf;f Nkw;nfhs;sy;.
eltbf;iffis
tpthfuj;ij jLg;gjw;fhd cstpay; nrayku;T. Ntiyj;jpl;lq;fis Nkw;nfhs;sy;. njhopy;rhu; tplaq;fspy; ftdk; nrYj;Jjy;. ,s taJ jpUkzq;fis Fiwj;jy;.
,Wjpj; jPuT ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) jpUkz tho;it jk;gjpau; Gupe;J nfhz;L tho;tpy; vjpu;nfhs;Sk; gpur;rpidfis nghWikNahLk; JzpNthLk; vjpu;nfhz;L tpthfuj;ij jLj;J jpUkz tho;it re;Njhrkhf Kd;ndLj;J nry;y Ntz;Lk;.
Page- 196
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
crhj;Jizfs; kA+ug; gpupad;.(2020). jkpou; kj;jpapy; mjpfupj;J nry;Yk; tpthfuj;J. jpdfud; thu kQ;rup. https://www.vaaramanjari.lk ghY rj;ah.(2017). mjpfupf;Fk; tpthfuj;J tof;Ffs;> kd eytpay; mLf;Fk; fhuzq;fs;. https://www.vikatan.com ]kl,; vk;.vk;.V. (2016). topfhl;ly;fis typAWj;Jk; tpthfuj;Jf;fs;. https://www.srilankanmuslims.lk Ampika Saravanan.(2017). tpthfuj;jhy; ghjpf;fg;gLk; Foe;ijfspd; epiyik https://www.tamil.boldsky.com ,staJjpUkzq;fs;.(2020). https://www.ivoice.lk
Page- 197
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 197
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 39
gpuNjr tptrha ifj;njhopy;
Page- 198
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
39.vkJ gpuNjr tptrha ifj;njhopy;
%J}u;
mk;ghiw
gpur;rid jPuT ; f;fhf gad;gLj;jf; $ba rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;
Ma;Tr; rpe;jid
njhFj;jwp rpe;jid
gFg;gha;T rpe;jid
tpku;rd rpe;jid
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;Tf;fhf gad;gLj;jf;$ba Ma;T Kiwfs;
fUJNfhs; PageNgl;b Kiw my;199 yJ Neu;fhzy;
jdpahs; Ma;T Kiw
mtjhd Kiw
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 199
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
,urhad ghtidfspd; mjpfupg;G.
Nraw;if grisfspd; ghtid.
gPil nfhy;ypfspd; ghtid.
#oy; tul;rpailjy;.
gpur;rpidia jPug ; ;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk;> gilg;ghw;wy;fSk;
gpur;rpidia tiuaWj;jy;.
gpur;rpidiag; gw;wp MNyhrpj;jy;.
gpur;rpidia Vw;gLj;Jk; fhuzpfis mwpjy;.
gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjpy; Kaw;rpj;jy;.
Kbtpy; Vw;gLk; rhjf> ghjfq;fis mtjhdpj;jy;
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
,urhad ghtidiaf; Fiwj;jy;.
epyk; ghiytdkhjiy jLj;jy;.
tptrha ifj;njhopy; Mjpf;fg; Nghf;if Fiwj;jy;.
gapu; fopTfis gad;gLj;jy;
,Wjpj;jPuT ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) ,urhadg; grisfspd; ghtidiaf; Fiwj;jy;. Page- 200
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 40
ONLINE fy;tpAk; OFFLINE guPl;irAk; njhlu;ghd gpur;rpidfSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
Page- 201
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 201
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
40. ONLINE fy;tpAk; OFFLINE guPl;irAk; njhlu;ghd gpur;rpidfSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs;
mLYfk
ghze;Jiw
vYtpy
fz;b
gpur;ridf;F jPu;thf gad;gLj;jf;$ba rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;
Ma;T rpe;jid
tpku;rd rpe;jid
gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk;>jPuf ; ;fTk; gad;gLj;jf; $ba Ma;TKiwfs;
mtjhdk;
jdpahs; Ma;T
Ngl;b Kiw
Page- 202
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
Covid 19 guty;.
ghlrhiyfs; %lg;gly;.
xU DEVICE cs;s tPLfspy; gy gps;isfs; gbj;jy;.
epfo;epiy fy;tp.
gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk; 1. gpur;rpidia ,dq;fhzy;. ONLINE fy;tpapd; ghjpg;Gfs; 2. gpur;rpidia tiuaiw nra;jy;. ONLINE fy;tp, OFFLINE guPli ; rapYs;s gpur;rpidfSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;. 3. gpur;rpidia tifg;gLj;jy;. Neubf; fy;tpia njhlu;tjw;fhd topfs; vd;d? 4. gpur;rpidia jPu;jj ; y; murhq;fk; COVID-19 gutiy rpwe;j Kiwapy; Page- 203 fl;Lg;gLj;jp khztu;fSf;F Rfhjhu topKiwfis gpd;gw;wp Neubf; fy;tpia toq;Fjy;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 203
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
Neha; gutiy fl;Lg;gLj;jy;.
guPl;irfis Neubahf elhj;jy;.
Fwpg;Gfis ngw toptFj;jy;.
Rfhjhu topKiwfis Kiwahf gpd;gw;wy;.
,Wjpj; jPu;g;G (tpku;rd rpe;jid) Neubf; fw;wy; eltbf;iffspd; gpd;dNu Neubahd guPl;ir eilngw Ntz;Lk;.
crhj;Jizfs; Yuwaraj, T.(2021). khztu;fSf;F rthyhd ,iza topf; fw;wy;. https://www.virakesari.lk/article/107751 https://www.teachmore.lk/2020/07/blog-post_19.html
Page- 204
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 41
fy;tpia ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjpy; gpd; jq;fpa gpuNjrj;jpy; thOk; khztu;fs;
Page- 205
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 205
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
41.fy;tpia ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjpy; gpd; jq;fpa gpuNjrj;jpy; thOk; khztu;fs; gpur;ridf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs; (Gj;jsk; khtl;lk;)
fz;ly;Fsp
Kfj;Jthuk;
nfhj;jhe;jPT
ehj;jhz;b
gpur;ridia jPu;g;gjw;fhf gad;gLj;jf; $ba rpe;jidapd; ngau;fs;
rkNahrpj rpe;jid
tpku;rd rpe;jid
%Nyhgha rpe;jidAk;
gilg;ghw;wYk; gFg;gha;T rpe;jid
Ma;T rpe;jid
Page- 206
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;ridia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;Tf;fhfTk; Nkw;nfhs;sf;$ba Ma;T Kiwfs;
tpdh nfhj;J Kiw
mtjhdk;
Ngl;b Kiw
njhFj;jwpKiw
ntspf;fs Ma;T Kiw
gpur;ridf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
ngUk;ghyhd ghlrhiyfs; efu;g;Gwq;fspy; fhzg;gLfpd;wik.
nghUshjhu rpf;fy;fs.;
tWik.
ngw;Nwhupd; xj;Jiog;G ,d;ik.
fy;tpapd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; gw;wpa njsptpd;ik.
FLk;g R+oy;.
Nghf;Ftuj;JPagegpur;r207 idfs;.
ngw;Nwhu;fs; ntspehL nry;Yjy;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 207
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjw;fhd %Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk; gilg;ghw;wy;fSk;.
gpur;rpidia tiuaWj;jy;.
gpur;rpidiag; gw;wp MNyhrpj;jy;.
gpur;rpidia Vw;gLj;Jk; fhuzpfis mwpjy;.
gpur;rpidia jPu;g;gjpy; Kaw;rpj;jy;.
gpur;ridf;fhd jPu;Tfs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jid)
fpuhkg;Gwq;fspy; fy;tpr; nraw;ghLfis Nkk;gLj;jy;.
jpwikahd Mrpupau;fis epakpj;jy;.
,g;gpur;rpidfis fpuhk cj;jpNahfj;ju;fs; kw;Wk; murpd; ftdj;jpd; fPo; nfhz;L tUjy;.
fpuhk Gwg; ghlrhiyfspy; fhzg;gLk; ngsjPf FiwghLfis murpd; ftdj;jpw;F nfhz;L tuy;.
,Wjp jPu;gG ; (tpku;rd rpe;jid) KOikahd jPu;T fhZtjd; %yNk ghupa khw;wq;is Vw;gLj;j KbAk;. (fpuhk Gw ghlrhiyfspy; fhzg;gLk; Fiwg;ghLfis eptu;jj ; p nra;jy;.)
crhj;Jizfs;
Page- 208
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
kd;R+u;, v];.vk;. (2013). fy;tpapy; tWik Vw;gLj;Jk; jhf;fk;. ml;lhisr;Nrid. ,iza top fw;ifahy; ghjpg;ig vjpu;Nehf;Fk; khztu;fs;. (2021.) https://www.Virakesari.lk/article/107042
khztu;fs; vjpu;Nehf;Fk; njhopy;El;g rthy;fs.(n.d). https://www.teachmore.lk/2020/05/blog-post-51.htm1?m=1 https://www.unicef.org/srilanka/media/
Page- 209
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 209
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpid 42
fy;tpj; njhopy; El;gj;jpdhy; khztu;fs; vjpu; Nehf;Fk; rthy;fs;.
Page- 210
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
42.fy;tpj; njhopy; El;gj;jpdhy;
khztu;fs;
vjpu; Nehf;Fk;
rthy;fs;.
gpur;rpidf;Fupa gpuNjrq;fs;
khQ;Nrhiyr;Nrid
ud;gj;tpy
G+tu]d;jPT
tf;Fk;gu
gpur;rpid jPuT ; f;fhf gad;gLk; rpe;jidfspd; ngau;fs;
jPu;khdk; vLj;jy; rpe;jid
gpur;rpid jPu;jj ; y; rpe;jid
Ma;Tr;rpe;jid
njhFj;jwpr; rpe;jid Page- 211
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 211
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidia fz;lwpaTk; jPu;TfSf;fhfTk; gad;gLj;j $ba Ma;TKiwfs;.
ntspf;fs Ma;T Kiw
njhFj;jwp Kiw
gpur;ridf;fhd fhuzq;fs; (rkNahrpj rpe;jidfs;)
Nghjpa mwptpd;ik.
,izaj; njhlu;gpd; Clhf jtwhd topfspy; nry;y tha;g;Gfs; cs;sd.
xU FLk;gj;jpy; xd;Wf;Fk; Nkw;gl;l khztu;fs; fhzg;gLkplj;J rhjd gw;whf;FiwAk; nghUshjhu rpf;fYk; Vw;gLfpd;wik.
fy;tp fw;Fk; R+oYf;F Kw;wpYk; khWgl;l xU R+oypy; ,Ue;J fy;tp fw;Fk; nghOJ khztu;fSila rpe;jid jpir jpUk;Gfpd;wik.
gpur;rpidia jPug ; ;gjw;fhd gilg;ghw;wy;fSk;.
%Nyhgha rpe;jidfSk;>
ONLINE fy;tpapy; (kbf;)fzpdp> ,iza trjp Nghd;wit midj;J ju kf;fSf;Fk; rupahf fpilg;gjw;fhd cl;fl;likg;G trjpfis xOq;FgLj;jy;.
Page- 212
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
ONLINE top fy;tpia njhlu;tjw;F Njitahd mbg;gil tplaq;fis njspT+l;ly;.
,izatop fy;tp eilngWk; Neuk; jtpu;e;j Vida Neuq;fspy; fy;tpf;fhf gad;gLj;jg;gLk; ,yj;jpudpay; rhjdj;ij ngw;Nwhu;fs; jq;fs; gps;isfsplk; ,Ue;J mg;Gwg;gLj;Jjy;.
gpur;rpidf;fhd jPuT ; fs; (rkNahrpj
rpe;jid)
tFg;giwiaj; jhz;ba fw;gpj;jy; Kiwapy; khztu;fspd; ftdj;ij Mrpupau;fs; fhl;rpg gfpu;T %yk; mtrpakhd mwpT tsu;r;rp tp\aq;fis khztu;fspd; kdjpy; gjpa itj;jy;. Page- 213
Mrpupau;fs; ghlk; elj;Jk; Kiwia xU tPbNahthf gjpT nra;J jhq;fshf Ra gupNrhjid Nkw;nfhs;sy;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 213
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
tpUg;g thrpg;G> ,uridahdij urpj;jy;> ntspNa nrd;W nghOJNghf;Fjy; Mfpatw;wpd; %yk; kdij ,yFthf;fp fw;wy;> fw;gpj;jypy; Mu;tj;ij tsu;f;f itj;jy;.
khztu;fs; tFg;Gfspy; Nehahsp Ngl;b Kiw
4. mfo;thuha;r;rp Kiw :- epyj;jpw;F fPo; cs;s nghUl;fs; gw;wp Ma;T nra;jy;.
5. VLfspd; Ma;T :- xU tplak; njhlu;ghf VjhtJ gpur;rpidfs; Njhd;Wk; gl;rj;jpy; mJ njhlu;ghd gioa gpujpfis Muha;e;J ghu;j;jy;.
6. ntspf;fs Ma;T :- Fwpg;gpl;l tplak; njhlu;ghf ntspr; R+oypy; Ma;Tfis Nkw;nfhs;sy;.
7. cs;Nehf;F Kiw :- jd;idj;jhNd mwpe;J nfhs;sy;.
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gupNrhjid Kiwfs; :-
1. mtjhdk; :- cs;sij cs;sthW ngWjy;. 2. tpdhf;nfhj;J Kiw :- jpwe;j tpdh> %ba tpdh
rpe;jid tiffs; :1. gFg;gha;T rpe;jid :- vk; kdjpy; Njhd;Wk; gy;NtWgl;l tplaq;fspy; cs;s vz;zf;fUf;fs; gw;wp tpsf;fk; mwpa cjTk; rpe;jidia gFg;gha;T rpe;jid vdg;gLk;.
2. jPu;khdk; vLf;Fk; rpe;jid :- rpe;jpf;fpd;w xUtu; Gjpa top KiwfspD }lhf Mf;fG+u;t khf rpe ;j p g;g jhy; Fwp j;j gpur;rpidf;F jPu;T nrhy;Yk; rpe;jidNa jPu;khdk; vLj;jy; rpe;jid vdg;gLk;.
3. gpur;rpid jPu;j;jy; rpe;jid :- jPu;khdk; vLf;Fk; NghJ Fwpj;j gpur;rpid njhlu;ghf gy jPu;khdq;fs; vLf;fg;gLk; NghJ Fwpj;j PageFwpj;j217 egUf;F Vw;wtifapy; gpur;rpidiaj; jPu;j;jy;.
4. edT epiy rpej ; id :- Gyd;fs; tpopg;G epiyapy; cs;sNghJ ,lk;ngWk; rpe;jidNa edT epiy rpe;jid vdg;gLk;.
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5. edtpyp epiy rpe;jid (cwf;f epiy rpe;jid) :- cwf;f epiyapy; njhopw;gLk; rpe;jid epiyia Fwpg;gpLk; elg;G tho;f;ifapy; epiwNtwhj mlf;fp> mKf;fpa czu;Tfis mbnahl;b Vw;gLk; rpe;jidfs;.
6. cUt epi y rpe;jid :- fhl;rp tbthd nghUl;fis mbnahl;b ,af;fg;gLk; vspikahd rpe;jid cUt epiy rpe;jid vdg;gLk;.
7. mUtepiy rpe;jid :- ep[khd nghUl;fNsh tbtq;fSk; rk ;g e ;j g ;g l h j v z;zf;fU f;fs ; m b x l ;b aj h f nghJikg;gLj;jg;gl;l vz;zf;fUf;fis mbg;gilahfTk;> nkhopahfTk; rpe;jpj;jy;. (Nehd;G> njhOif> rpuhj;Jy; K];jfPk;)
8. njwpj;jy; rpe;jid :- rpf;fyhd gpur;rpidfs; vOk;NghJ njwpj;jy; rpe;jid njhopw;gLk; ,J Gjpatw;iw Nehf;fp efuTk;> jilfis jfu;f;Fk; Kaw;rpahfTk; ,J mikAk;. (xU tplaj;ij Kiwahf thrpg;gjhy; my;yJ nrtpkLj;jy; %yk; Vw;gLfpdw ; J. ,jpy; nghwpKiwahf rpe;jpgg ; J kl;Lky;y khw;W tif rpe;jidapd; NghJk; ,J ntspg;gLk; elg;G Nju;Tfis xOq;fhf njhFj;J ju;f;f Kiwapy; jPu;Tfisf; fhz vj;jdpf;Fk; NghJ rpe;jid Njhw;wk; ngWk;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
9. Mf;f kyu;r;rp rpe;jid :- toikfis kPwp GjpjhfTk;> khw;W tifahfTk; Gjpa tbtikg;ig cUthf;Fk; tifapYk; rpej ; pg;gJ ,t;tifr; rpe;jid vdg;gLk;. 10. Mf;f kyu;r;rp rpe;jid :- toikfis kPwp GjpjhfTk;> khw;W tifahfTk; Gjpa tbtikg;ig cUthf;Fk; tifapYk; rpej ; pg;gJ ,t;tifr; rpe;jid vdg;gLk;.
11. Ma;Tr; rpe;jid :- jkf;NfAupa fw;rhu;Gfs; Kw; rha;Tfs; ek;gpf;i ffs;> mfta ghq;Ffs; Kjypatw;iw tpl;L ePq;fp ntspapy; te;J Gwtakhf rpe;jidia ,af;Fjy; Ma;T rpe;jid vdg;gLk;. (Re-search: kPs; Njly;)
12. tpup rpe;jid :- fl;Lg;ghlhd tpjpfSf;F fl;Lg;glhky; mtw;iw kPwp rpe;jpg;gJ ,d;Dk; jpwe;Jtplg;gl;l epiyapYk; fw;gidfis tutioj;J rpe;jpg;gNj tpup rpe;jid vdg;gLk;.
13. newpg;gLj;jpa rpe;jid :- newpg;g Lj;jpa rpe;jid vd;gJ> gpur;rpidfSf;F jPu;Tfis Kd;ndLf;Fk; nraw;ghl;by; gq;F nfhs;Sk; rpe;jid MFk;... Page- 219 14. newpapay; rpe;jid :- newpapay; rpe;jid vd;gJ cseyk; ghjpf;fg;gl;ltu;fshy; ntspg;gLk; rpe;jidahFk;.
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
15. mftar; rpe;jid :- ngupNahupd; MNyhrid ngwg;g lhJ jdpnahUtu; kl;Lk; jd; jw;rhu;Gfis kl;Lk; gad;gLj;jp Nkw;nfhs;Sk; rpe;jidahFk;.
16. G w t a rp e ; j i d :n t s p f ;f h u z p fi s A k ; > ntspr;rpe;jidfisAk; ftdj;jpy; vLj;J Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; rpe;jidahFk;.
17. rkNahrp j rp e ; j id :- rkNahrp j rp e ;j id vd;g J xU gpur;rpidf;F gy jPu;Tfs; ,Uf;Fk; NghJ Fwpj;j ,lj;jpw;F nghUj;jkhdij Nju;e;njLg;gJ MFk;.
18. ca;j;jwpr; rpe;jid :- ntspr; R+oypy; Fwpj;j tplak; njhlu;ghf gy juTfis ngw;W mtw;wpy p Ue;J nkhj;j cz;i kia Nrfupj;J kPz;Lk; mtw;wpw;Nf cupa Kbtpid Njbg; ghu;f;Fk; rpe;jid.
19. njhFj; j wp rp e ;j id :- Fwp j ; j tp l ak; njhlu; g hd gy rpe; j idfis njhFj; j ha; e ; J xU nghJ Kbtp i d jUtjhFk;.
20. ju;f;f rpe;jid :- Fwpj;j tplak; njhlu;ghf rupahfTk; cz;ikahfTk; rpe;jpj;J my;yJ Fwpj;j tplak; njhlu;ghf rupahd gf;fj;ij gp;ioahfTk; gpioahd gf;fj;ij rupahfTk; khw;wp rpe;jid nra;Ak; nraw;ghl;il Fwpg;gJ ju;f;f rpe;jid vdg;gLk;. Page- 220
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21. %Nyhgha rpej ; id :- kpfr; rupahd Kbit vLf;f cjTk; tpku;rd rpe;jidia Nkw;nfhs;s cjTk; rpe;jid %Nyhgha rpe;jid MFk;
22. gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid :- tof;fkhd Kiwf;F khw;wkhf NtW topapy; rpe;jpj;J Gjpa tplaq;fisg; ngWk; rpe;jid gilg;ghw;wy; rpe;jid MFk;.
vz;zf;fU tiuglk; :xU gpur;rpid jPu;j;jy; nraw;ghl;bid ,yFgLj;Jtjw;fhf Fwpj;j gpur;rpid kw;Wk; mjd; tpisTfs;> mjd; fhuzq;fs; kw;Wk; mjw;fhd jPu;Tfs; midj;ijAk; nkhj;jkhf cs;slf;fpajhf tiuag;gLk; glk; vz;zf;fU tiuglk; MFk;.
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
References me; ettp (u`;)> (2006). upahS];]hyp`Pd;. rh[pjh Gf; nrd;lu;. fhu;j;jpNfad;> nr. (2019, March 01). ,e;j 5 fhuzq;fSf;fhf kl;Lk; fld; thq;fhjPu;fs;. vikatan: https://www-vikatan-com fpUrhapjd;. (2017> nrg;lk;gu; 16). khztu;fspd; ,iltpyfYf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;. Battinews: www.battinews.com Nfhfpythzp. (2017> Mf];l; 01). ngupa gpur;rpidahf ,d;dKk; cs;s khztu; ,il tpyfy;. 6 ryh`{j;jPd;. (2010, October 28). tWik xopg;gpy; ,];yhkpd; gq;F. Satyamargam: http://www.satyamargam.com [/gu; myp> (2007, Feburaury 24). fld;. Islamkalvi. https:// www.islamkalvi.com K`k;kJ fhd; ghftp, m. (2014, September 30). ,];yhkpa nghUshjhuf; nfhs;if. Mazharul huda. http://mazharulhuda.wordpress.com Rg;tp kd;]py;> (2016, October 28). flDk; tl;bAk;. Sufimanzil: https:// sufimanzil.org upahy;> V.vy;.vk;. (2018). tpku;rd rpe;jidAk; tpQ;Qhd KiwfSk;-1. ,g;dhd; ntspaPL: fy;Kid. ,uh[huk;> ,uh. (2017,September). Mlk;guk; jtpu;g;Nghk;. jpdkzp. https://www.dinamani.com/editorial-articles/center-page-articles/2017/sep/16 Muhammed Junaid,A.N.(2018). ,];yhkpa ehfuPfk;. Student publication. Colombo.
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
Haniffa,M.A. (2020). ,];yhkpa ghu;itapy; tuT> nryT> rpf;fdk;. Nrkpg;G. me;e[hj;. http://www.annajaath.com/2020 kA+ug; gpupad;.(2020). jkpou; kj;jpapy; mjpfupj;J nry;Yk; tpthfuj;J. thu kQ;rup. https://www.vaaramanjari.lk
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
gpur;rpidf;fhd jiyg;GfSk; FO cWg;gpdu;fSk; GROUP: 01
,staJ jpUkzKk; mjpfupj;J tUk; tpthfuj;jpw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPuT ; fSk.;
M.S.F SAHEERA
M.B NEFNA SIRON
M.M FATHIMA MIHNA
M.A.F ANEEKA
M.S.P AFRA
GROUP: 02
,d;iwa ,sk; jiyKiwapdupd; rka ,ilntspf;fhd fhuzpfSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
M.N.F SAHEEKA
A.R.P RISKA
M.T.AAYSHA
M.A.F AKEEFA
M.N.NAFLA
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
GROUP:03
khztu; ,iltpyfSf;fhd fhuzpfSk;> jPu;TfSk;.
M.N.F NASHA
M.N.F ISHRA
M.U.F RIFKA
M.A.F AZEEFA
S. SANSIDHA
GROUP:04
,d;iwa K];ypk;fspd; Md;kpfKk;> khu;f;f fy;tpapd; mtrpaKk;.
M.H.M .SIFKAN
Page- 225 M.R.M FAZARATH
M.R ASHFAK AHAMED
M.F.M IJAS
M.I.M SIFNAS
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
GROUP:05
Ntiyapd;ikf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mtw;Wf;fhd jPu;TfSk;
M.H.U SALMA
M.M.F RUKAIYA
M.S.H IFRAHA
M.M.F SAHLA
M.K.F NUSRATH
GROUP:06
Nghijg; nghUs; ghtidAk; mjw;fhd fhuzq;fSk;> jPu;TfSk;.
N.F SAHARA
A.S FASMINA
C.S.F NASHA
S.F FARSANA
B. HISNIYA BEGAM
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(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
GROUP:07
njhiynjhlu;G rhjdq;fspdhy; Vw;gLk; ghjpg;GfSk; mtw;Wf;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
M.I.F RISKA
M.F SAMEEHA
M.F. MUJEEBA
S.L.F NUSRA
A.F HIFA
M.R.F NASEEKA
GROUP:08 efukakhf;fspdhy; r%fj;jpy; Vw;gLk; gpur;rpidfSk; mjd; jPu;TfSk;.
M.AASHIK
Page- 227 A.AKAS AHAMED
A.M.M AFRAR
R.M RIKAS
A.J.M AZAM
A.C.M AATHIF
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
GROUP:09
gpuj;jpNaf tFg;Gfspy; khztu;fs; fw;gjw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; ghlrhiyapy; fw;gjw;f;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
S.F SHAMLA
M. N. F HANA
S.F AFZANA
T. M NUFNA BANU
A.M.F MUFASIYA
GROUP:10
cau;juj;jpy; fy;tpgapYk; Mz;khztu;fspd; tPjk; Fiwtiljw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
M.B.F NAJIYA
M.A AAMINA
Y. ARAFA
M.Y HUSAINIYA
M.H.F HUSNA
M.B.F.SUMAIYA
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
GROUP:11
khztu;fs; fy;tpapy; Mu;tk; fhl;lhikf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
M.R.F RAMEESA
F. AASHIKA
J.D.F SUMEYA
M.R.R FARWIN
S. SHARMILA
GROUP:12
rpWtu;fspd; tpOkpa elj;ij gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mtw;Wf;fhd jPu;TfSk;;.
M.H.M FURKHAN
A.S.ABDUL HAKAM Page- 229 M.M.M YASIR
H.HIMAZ
J.M FASLAN
SHAHEER
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
GROUP:13
K];ypk; r%fj;jpy; fld;njhy;iy mjpfupg;gjw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mtw;iw ,y;yhnjhopg;gjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
A.R.F HASNA
M.M.F SHAFRINA
J.P SAMEERA
A.A.F. FASIHA
A.I.F NISHRA
GROUP:14
ghlrhiy khztu;fs; cau; ju fy;tpia njhluikf;fhd fhuzpfSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
M.H DILSIYA
J. ZAKKIYA SABEEHA
V.F SAHANI
A.C FATHIMA SANA
Y.F KISHOR JAHAN
Page- 230
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;) GROUP:15
Covid 19 ehl;by; Vw;gLj;jpa nghUshjhu tPo;r;rp> kf;fspd; tho;thjhuk; kw;Wk; njhopy;Jiw ghjpg;GfSf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
M.R.H SHAMRIN
B.F NUSHKA
A.K.F NUSHA
M.H.F NISHMA
F.G.F FAZNA
J. P SAKRANA
GROUP:16
rpWtu;fis Ntiyf;F mku;jJ ; tjw;fhd fhuzq;fSk;> mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;. Page- 231 J.M RAHATH
F.A ASKAATH AHAMED
M.F.A.M AMJATH
A.C.M ASFAK
S.HUSNI AHAMED
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 231
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;) GROUP:17
Mq;fpy fy;tpapy; khztu;fspd; gpd;dilTk;> mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
M.A FATHIMA HASNA
A.F MADHEENA
M.F MUBASSIRA
D. F. FARSANA
M.N.F. INTHIFAH
M.A.F ASLA
GROUP: 18
jw;fhyj;jpy; ngz;fs; Ntiyf;Fr; nry;Yjy; njhlu;ghd gpur;rpidfSf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
A.H.ASKANI
SH.NUSRATH
M.N. FATHIMA ISFARA
J.F. SIMLA
SF.RIKASA
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r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
GROUP: 19
guPl;iria ikagg;Lj;jpa fy;tp R+oy; fhzg;gLfpd;wikf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;f;fhd jPuT ; fSk;.
FM. SAFRAS
J. RANOOSA
M.N.F. NUSHA
M.F. AATHIFA
M.S.F. NUSHA
GROUP:20
vkJ gpuNjrj;jpy; Vw;glf;$ba jw;nfhiyfSf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;f;fhd jPuT ; fSk;.
M.T.F THASLEEMA
M.N.F SIMLA
S.F SIHNAS
A.A SILMIYA
M.N.F AFREEN
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Page- 233
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
GROUP: 21
rpd;d jpiuapdhy; rPuope;J tUk; r%fq;fSf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPuT ; fSk;.
M.F.F FAZHA
M.F.F SILMIYA
M.T.F SAJIDHA
M.L.F AYESHA
A.R RIFNA BANU
GROUP :22
ngw;Nwhiu ,oe;j rpwhu;fs; vjpu;nfhs;Sk; fy;tp kw;Wk; r%fg; gpur;rpidfSf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;ff ; hd jPu;TfSk;.
M.T.M ILHAM
K.M.M AROOS
M.N AAFIR MUHAMMATH
K.R HANEES
L.M FAZIL AHAMED
N. NASFI
Page- 234
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
GROUP: 23
Nghijt];J fhudkhf mjpfkhd rpWtu;fspd; fy;tp kw;Wk; vjpu;fhy eltbf;iffs; ghjpf;fgLtjf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mtw;Wf;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
M.J.FJAHA
H.F.RAKSHANA
M.R.RIZONA
M.J.F.NAZLA
N.F.RUKSANA
GROUP: 24
fzpj ghlj;jpy; khztu;fs; gpd;diltjw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
A.SAJIDHA BANU Page- 235 S.I AROOSA
M.N.F ASRA
K.F SHIHLA
M.M RINOSA BANU
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 235
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
GROUP: 25
ngz; khztpfs; fy;tpia njhlu;tjpy; cs;s gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
M.M.F SULFA
R.F RIHAM
M.I.F NISFA
N.F.RASNA
S.T. SITHY HABEEBA
GROUP: 26
Fiwe;J tUk; thrpg;G gof;fKk; mjw;f;fhd fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk;.
A.L.RIZNA BEGUM
J.F.RASEETHA
M.P.NIZRA
M.P.P.SANEERA
A.F.FARVIN
Page- 236
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;) GROUP: 27
Nfhtpl; 19 fhy gFjpapy; khztu;fs; ,iza top tpisahl;Lf;fs; kPJ nfhz;Ls;s Mu;tjpw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mtw;Wf;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
S.F RISADHA
A.F AL HASEETHA
M.I.M.IJAS
L.F SASNI SIROS
B. RIFNA
GROUP: 28
nfhtpl; 19 fhyg;gFjpapy; khztu;fs; ,iza top tpisahl;Lfs; kPJ nfhz;Ls;s Mu;tKk; mjd; cstpay; khw;wq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;. Page- 237
F.F.RIYASA
A.M.F.SHIMAHA
N.F.NUSHA
M.A.F.ANFAAL
M.H.F.ROSHNI
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 237
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
GROUP: 29
,isQu;fSk;, r%f tiyj;js ghtidAk; ,jdhy; Vw;gLk; r%f gpur;rpidfSk; mtw;Wf;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
M.Y.F NASEEHA
M.A.F ATHIFA
M.N.F NISRA
M.H.F MAHIRA
A.R.F ASHRA
GROUP: 30
rPjdj;jpdhy; Vw;gLk; tpisTfSk; mjw;ff ; hd jPu;TfSk;.
M.J.F AFNAN
A.R.F RAHEEMA
A.R.F SAMIRA
M.F.F MASFA
M.A ASRINA
Page- 238
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
GROUP: 31
R+oy; fopTfis Kiwahf mfw;WtJ njhlu;gpy; cs;s gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
N. NAHLA
N.A.F NUSKA
I.F SHAKIRA
M.A.F RIKAZA
N. NASEEHA BANU
GROUP: 32
“tWik epiy fhuzkhf ngz;fs; ntspehL nry;jy;” gpur;rpidf;fhd fhuzq;fSk;> jPu;TfSk;.
A.L.F FAYASA
M.F MUWAFFIKA Page-FARWIN 239
A.K SAHNAS BEGUM
A.L.F SIMA
F.F. FATHEESHA
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 239
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;) GROUP: 33
tWikapdhy; r%f kf;fspd; fy;tpj; Jiwapy; Vw;gLk; rPuopTfSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;
A.R FATHIMA ROSNI
M.B AFRA
I.F FANEEKA
M.T NASLOON SITHARA
A.L FATHIMA AROOSA
GROUP: 34
rpWtu; J];gpuNahfk; mjpfupg;gjw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
I.F NASEEHA
M.Z ASMA
M.S.F RAWSANA
A.F ASMA
M.S ZUHA MASHEEHA
Page- 240
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
GROUP: 35
jw;fhyj;jpy; FLk;gq;fSf;F kj;jpapy; Vw;gl;Ls;s nghUshjhu neUf;fbAk; mjw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk;.
FATHIMA SAHNI
NASIRA DAROOK
SAMA HAMASARALI
F. MAHDIYA
J. SAJIDHA
M.S.F INSAFA
GROUP: 36
Mlk;gu Nkhfjpw;fhd fhuzq;fSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
M.M.SAMAHA SHEREEN Page- 241 A.S. MAZEENA
A.F.NAZHA
A.M.RUHAIMA FARVEEN
M.N.F.SAHANA
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 241
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
GROUP: 37 Nfhtpl; 19 R+o;epiy fhuzkhf ghlrhiy khztu;fSk; gy;fiyf;fof khztu;fSk; vjpu;nfhs;Sk; gpur;rpidfSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
S.F.SABRINA
Z.A.F.ATHEEFA
M.N.F.ZAHRA
U.F.IBATHA
M.R.RAKSHANA BEGAM
F.F.FAINA
GROUP: 38
jw;fhyj;jpy; tpthfuj;jhy; vjpu;nfhs;Sk; gpur;rpidfSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk; .
B.F FARHANA
N.D.F NIFA
N.M.F AKSHA
J.F SHEEMA
A.M.F MAFSA
Page- 242
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;) GROUP: 39
vkJ gpNujr tptrha ifnjhopypy; vjpu;Nehf;Fk; gpur;rpidfSk; mjw;f;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
K.I.F NUSHA
M.A.F ASMA
A.L YASMIN IJJATH
M.T.F RUSNA
M.F NASRATH SAMAMA
GROUP: 40
Online fy;tpAk; Offline guPl;irAk; njhlu;ghd gpur;rpidfSk; mjw;fhd jPu;TfSk;.
A.C.F AZHA
M.M RAMZEEN
T.H.S BEGUM
M.N.F NIHLA
M.H.F SHAFRINA
M.Y.F HAFSA
Page- 243
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 243
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
GROUP: 41
fy;tpia ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjpy; gpd; jq;fpa gpuNjrj;jpy; thOk; khztu;fs; vjpu;Nehf;Fk; gpur;ridfSk; jPu;TfSk;.
H.HAFEELA BANU
M.N NOORJAHANI
M.N.F SABRA
A.A.F RAZA
M.F.F FAZNA
GROUP: 42
njhopE}l;g fy;tpahy; khztu;fs; vjpu; Nehf;Fk; rthy;fs; mjw;ff ; hd jPu;Tfs;. (online classes in zoom)
M.M.M RASMY
J.ASKAR
A.S IJAS RASOOL
A.R.M AHSAN
M.N.M NAZRY
Page- 244
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
r%fg; gpur;rpidfs; - fhuzq;fSk; jPu;TfSk; (Kd;itg;Gf;fs;)
Page- 245
(2019/2020) ,];yhkpa fw;if khztu;fs;
Page- 245