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gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr

2022

ZJar AJXr KamOdi Agboë¶m S>m|Jamda Iyn C§M nm¶è¶m§Mr MT>U MTy>Z nm{hbob§ qhJwiOm XodrM§ ‘§{Xa Va IynM ^mdb§. BWo AZoH$Xm ¶oD$Z Am{U Am‘À¶m d{S>bmonm{O©V Kar ‘{hZm-‘{hZm amhÿZ Jmdm~Ôb Ooìhm A{YH$m{YH$ ‘m{hVr {‘idV Jobo Voìhm ¶m Jmdmbm Agbobm Jm¡adembr B{Vhmghr ‘bm g‘Obm Am{U Z§Va Va Mm¡b JmdmZo ‘bm PnmQy>Z Q>mH$b§! am¶JS> {OëømVë¶m A{b~mJ VmbwŠ¶mVbm EH$ ^mJ JmdmV Agboë¶m 'Aï>mJma' ¶m ZmdmZo AmoiIbm OmVmo. Mm¡b, aodX§S>m, ZmJmd, g§Ü¶m amB©bH$a Mmâ¶mÀ¶m PmS>m§À¶m Ajr, Wi, {H$hr‘, Amdmg Am{U gmgdUo ¶m AmR> Jmdm§Mm 99202 41055 {dnwbVo‘wio Agob, qH$dm g‘yh åhUOoM Aï>mJma. Mm¡b Jmd àmMrZ H$mir 'M§nmdVr' M§nm ZmdmÀ¶m amOm‘wio Agob, ZmdmZo AmoiIb§ OmV Ago. JmdmV Agboë¶m Mmâ¶mÀ¶m PmS>m§À¶m {dnwbVo‘wio Am{U M§nm ZmdmÀ¶m amOm‘wio ho Zmd Mm¡b Jmd àmMrZ H$mir 973 gmbr b¾ Pmë¶mda àW‘M ‘r Ooìhm nS>b§ Ag§ gm§{JVb§ OmV§. 'M§nmdVr' ¶m ZmdmZo ‘mPo nVr {earf ¶m§M§ am¶JS> {OëømVb§ {edmOr ‘hmamOm§À¶m H$mimV A{b~mJ, Mm¡b, aodX§S>m AmoiIb§ OmV hmoV§... 'Mm¡b' ho OÝ‘Jmd nmhm¶bm Ambo Voìhm ¶m n[agamV ‘amR>m Ama‘mamMo à‘wI gaIob H$mÝhmoOr Am§J«o ¶m§Mm Am‘À¶m BWë¶m d{S>bmonm{O©V KamV Mm§Jbo AmR> {Xdg amhÿZ ¶m Mm§JbmM Xamam hmoVm. ‘wKb Am{U {gÔr Aem eÌy§nmgyZ ¶m ~§Xam§M§ JmdmV ‘Zgmoº$ qhS>bo. Mm¡b‘Yë¶m C§M S>m|Jamda Agboë¶m XÎm g§ajU H$ê$Z Aï>mJmam§‘ܶo doJdoJù¶m CÚmoJY§Úm§gmR>r d ì¶mnmamgmR>r ‘§{Xambm ^oQ> XoD$Z XÎmJwê$§M§ Xe©Z KoVë¶mda {VWyZ C§Mmdê$Z {XgUma§ g§nyU© Mm¡b ˶m§Zr ¶m n[agamV AZoH$ Hw$Qw>§~m§Zm Aml¶ {Xbm. ˶m Hw$Qw>§~m§À¶m AZoH$ {nT>çm Jmd, g‘moa Xÿada {XgUmam aodX§S>m ImS>rMm n[aga nhm¶bm {‘imbm. S>m|Ja CVê$Z AmOhr Mm¡b JmdmV Zm§XV AmhoV. Aem§n¡H$sM EH$ ‘m¶m gmgaM§ "amB©bH$a Imbr Amë¶mda "^modmim' Vù¶mOdi Agboë¶m ’w§$S>o ¶m§À¶m hm°Q>ob‘ܶo ~gyZ Hw$Qw>§~'. ¶m Hw$Qw>§~mVbo ‘mPo AmOogmgao XÎmm̶ C’©$ Vm˶m amB©bH$a Am{U ˶m§Mo Ja‘mJa‘ ~Q>mQ>mdS>m Am{U {VWbm à{gÕ "JmoQ>r gmoS>m' {nVmZm ’$maM ‘Om Ambr YmH$Q>o ~§Yy Zahar amB©bH$a ho XmoKohr Mm¡b JmdmVbo à{V{ð>V Agm‘r hmoVo. ˶m§À¶m Am{U l‘n[ahmahr Pmbm. JmdmVë¶m Zmair-nmo’$irÀ¶m ~mJm§‘YyZ dmQ> H$mT>V Mm¡b d AmgnmgÀ¶m nmM-ghm Jmdm§‘ܶo AZoH$ O{‘Zr d Zmair nmo’$irÀ¶m ~mJm Am{U añ˶mÀ¶m XþV’$m© Agbobr H$m¡bmê$ Ka§ nmhV {eVim XodrÀ¶m ‘§{Xambm ^oQ> hmo˶m. ˶m§Mm Vm§Xÿi d ZmaimMm ‘moR>m ì¶mnma hmoVm. VrZ ‘Obr Ka hmoV§. noR>oV {Xbr. {VWë¶m VmS>Jmoio Am{U ehmù¶m§Mm ‘Zgmo³V AmñdmX KoVbm. Am‘À¶m ˶m§M§ XþH$mZhr hmoV§. Zahar amB©bH$a Zoh‘r gmho~r nmoemImV dmdaV d ~½JrVyZ 2

1

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$

gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr

{’$aV AgV, Va XÎmm̶ amB©bH$a ¶m§Mr amhUr A{Ve¶ gmYr hmoVr. ˶m§M§ qhJwiOm XodrÀ¶m nm¶Ï¶mOdi H$mVinmS>m BWo ‘moR>§ Ka d nmoëQ´>r ’$m‘© hmoVm. ˶mH$mir ˶m§À¶m nmoëQ´>r‘ܶo 3000 À¶m da H$m|~S>çm Agm¶À¶m. Mm¡b- aodX§S>m añ˶mda WoamoÝS>m ’$mQ>çmOdi ˶m§Mr ^mVmMr {JaUrgwÕm hmoVr. Vm§Xÿi d ZmaimMm ì¶mnma, ^mV {JaUr d nmoëQ´>r ¶m‘wio XmoKmhr ~§Yy§Zm JmdmV ‘moR>r à{Vð>m d ‘mZ hmoVm. am‘oœa ‘§{XamÀ¶m ~mOyÀ¶m J„r‘ܶo EH$ JUnVrM§ d EH$ {dîUyM§ Aer XmoZ amB©bH$a Hw$Qw>§~m§Mr ImOJr ‘§{Xa§ AmOhr Mm¡b‘ܶo nmhm¶bm {‘iVmV. ˶m H$mimV Mm¡b‘ܶo gw‘mao gmS>oVrZeo ‘§{Xa§ Am{U OdiOdi {VVŠ¶mM nwîH$aUr åhUOo nmoIaUr hmo˶m. Mm¡bM§ J«m‘X¡dV g‘Ob§ OmUma§ gwà{gÕ am‘oœa ‘§{Xa ho gmVdmhZ H$mimVb§ AgyZ ¶m ‘§{Xambm A{Ve¶ gw§Xa {ZgJ©gm{Zܶ bm^bob§ Amho. ‘§{Xamg‘moa àM§S> ‘moR>m Z§Xr Am{U VerM ‘moR>r nmoIaUhr Amho. JmdmV EH$ àmMrZ gy¶©‘§{Xahr hmoV§. ˶m‘ܶo gmV dmam§Mo gmV KmoS>o Am{U gy¶m©À¶m XmoZ nËZr Cfm Am{U à˶wfm ¶m§À¶mhr ‘yVu hmo˶m. ¶m n[agamVë¶m EH$m ‘§{XamV eofem¶r {dîUyMr 12ì¶m-13 ì¶m eVH$mVbr ‘yVu hmoVr. AH$amì¶m eVH$mVbr J§JoMr àmMrZ ‘yVuhr EH$m {R>H$mUr AmT>ibobr Amho. dmKOmB©À¶m S>m|Jam§‘ܶo gmVdmhZH$mbrZ boUr nmhm¶bm {‘iVmV. ˶mMà‘mUo XÎm ‘§{XamÀ¶m Odi EH$m Q>oH$S>rda qhJwiOm XodrM§ N>moQ>çm N>moQ>çm Jwhm§‘ܶo Agbob§ àmMrZ ‘§{Xahr AJXr àojUr¶ Amho. gmVdmhZ H$mimnmgyZ à{gÕ Agboë¶m Mm¡b JmdmZo AZoH$ gÎmm~Xb nm{hbo. nmoVw©JrO, ‘wKb, ‘amR>o, noedo, B§J«O ¶m gdmªZr ¶m Jmdmda gÎmm JmOdbobr Amho. ˶m‘wio qhXÿ Xodim§à‘mUoM JmdmV ‘wKb dmñVwe¡brÀ¶m h‘m‘ ImZm, H$bmd§VrUrMm dmS>m, H$~a, VrZ H$‘mZrMm Kw‘Q> ¶m dmñVygwÜXm AmT>iVmV. h‘m‘ImZm åhUOo ‘wKb amOm§Mo emhr ñZmZJ¥h. ¶mbm AZoH$ ZjrXma XmbZ§ AgyZ ‘ܶ^mJr Aï>H$moZr H$ma§O§, AZoH$ hm¡X ¶m§Mo ^¾mdeof BWo nhm¶bm {‘iVmV. OdiM ^¾mdñWoVbr H$~ahr Amho. ^modmim Vù¶mOdi XÎmmÀ¶m S>m|Jamg‘moaÀ¶m N>moQ>çm Q>oH$S>rda VrZ H$‘mZr Agbobr EH$ ^¾ Kw‘Q> dmñVyhr nhm¶bm {‘iVo. gܶm Mm¡b- aodX§S>m Agm EH${ÌV C„oI Ho$bm OmUmar hr Jmd§ àmMrZ H$mir gwÕm "M§nmdVr-aodVr' Aer OmoS>~§Xa§ åhUyZM AmoiIbr OmV hmoVr. lrH¥$îUmMm ^mD$ ~bam‘ ¶mMr nËZr aodVr {hM§ ‘mhoa aodX§S>m n[agamV hmoV§. ˶m‘wio ¶m ~§Xambm "aodVr' Ag§ Zmd ˶mH$mir nS>b§ hmoV§. M§nmdVr-aodVr ¶m OmoS> ~§XamVyZ ˶mH$mir ~amM ‘moR>m ì¶mnma MmbV Ago. BWyZ Vm§Xÿi d aoer‘ ¶m§Mr {Z¶m©V ìhm¶Mr. ˶mH$mir nmoVw©JrOm§Mm A§‘b ¶m ^mJmV hmoVm ˶m‘wio ¶m n[agamV d Amgnmg nmoVw©JrOm§Mr dñVr hmoVr. AmOhr aodX§S>m d H$moabB© ^mJmV H$mhr nmoVw©JrO Hw$Qw>§~§ amhVmV d ˶m§Mr "{H«$¶mob' hr ^mfm BWo ~mobbr OmVo. ¶m n[agamV nydu Á¶y bmoH$m§Mr gwÕm dñVr hmoVr. ˶m§M§ àmW©ZmñWihr ({gZoJm°J) ¶m ^mJmV hmoV§. ho bmoH$ VobmÀ¶m KmUrda Vob H$mT>ʶmMm ì¶dgm¶ H$aV. aodX§S>m ~§XamOdi AmOhr {H$ëë¶mMo d VQ>~§XrMo ^¾mdeof nmhm¶bm {‘iVmV. ¶m {H$ëë¶m‘ܶo nmoVw©JrO {ebmboI, ˶m§À¶m amOmMo {MÝh, n¥Ïdrdarb Ajm§e-aoIm§e dJ¡ao {MÝh§ H$moabobr nmhm¶bm {‘iVmV. {H$ëë¶mÀ¶m AmdmamV EH$ ^¾mdñWoVbm gmV ‘Obr ‘Zmoam d MM© Amho. nydu bT>mB©V ‘moR>çm Jmo’$Ur (H°$Q>mnwëQ>) dmnaë¶m OmV. ¶m Jmo’$UrVyZ ‘mabo OmUmao ‘moR>‘moR>o XJS>r Jmoio {VWo nmhm¶bm {‘iVmV. {H$ëë¶mÀ¶m Amgnmg ˶m H$mimV Agboë¶m nmoVw©JrOm§À¶m dImatMr OmJm d ¶m ~§XamV OhmOmVyZ ¶oUmè¶m ‘mbmMr JmoXm‘o hmoVr. OdiM XrnJ¥h Amho. ˶mH$mir ¶m XrnJ¥hmdê$Z g‘moaÀ¶m H$moabB© {H$ëë¶mda g§Xoe nmR>dbo OmV hmoVo. Aa~r g‘wÐmVyZ ¶oUmè¶m OhmOm§da ZOa R>odʶmgmR>r ho {H$„o IynM ‘hÎdmMo hmoVo. Z§VaÀ¶m H$mimV Vo ‘amR>çm§À¶m Vmã¶mV Ambo. AOyZhr ho ^¾mdeof ˶m H$mimMr gmj XoV AmhoV. M§nmdVr- aodVr hr OmoS> ~§Xa§ ˶mH$mir A{Ve¶ ‘hÎdmMr g‘Obr OmV hmoVr. Hw§$S>{bH$m ZXrÀ¶m {H$Zmè¶mda dgbobr Mm¡b-M§nmdVr ZJar ho nydu A{Ve¶ à{gÕ ì¶mnmar ~§Xa hmoV§. Vm§Xÿi ì¶dgm¶, ‘Ëñ¶ ì¶dgm¶, ‘rR> ì¶dgm¶ ¶mMm ’$ma ‘moR>m ì¶mnma BWyZ MmbV hmoVm. ¶m Mm¡b ~§Xambm eÌynmgyZ g§ajU {‘imd§ åhUyZ ‘O~yV VQ>~§Xr Ho$bobr hmoVr. VmoM Mm¡bMm amOH$moQ> {H$„m. AmJ«md añ˶mda AmOhr ¶m VQ>~§XrMo Adeof nmhm¶bm {‘iVmV. hm {H$„m BVa {H$ëë¶m§à‘mUo bT>ʶmgmR>r ’$magm Cn¶moJr Zgbm Varhr g§ajUmgmR>r ¶mMm Mm§Jbm Cn¶moJ hmoVm. AmJ«md ^mJmV ˶mH$mir aoe‘mÀ¶m {H$S>çm§Mr n¡Xmg

2022

H$aʶmgmR>r VwVrÀ¶m ~mJm bmdboë¶m hmo˶m. aoe‘mMo YmJo {dUʶmgmR>r ¶m n[agamV ^anya hmV‘mJhr hmoVo. ¶m hmV‘mJmda V¶ma hmoUma§ aoer‘ A{Ve¶ Vb‘ d gw~H$ Agë¶mZo BWë¶m ‘mbmbm ^anya ‘mJUr hmoVr. B{Oábm ¶m ‘mbmMm nwadR>m hmoV Ago. M§nmdVr- aodVr ¶m OmoS> ~§XamVyZ ˶mH$mir B{Oá, J«rg, AmImVr Xoe, MrZ, Am{’«$H$m ¶m Xoem§‘ܶo ‘mbmMr XodmU-KodmU hmoD$Z ‘moR>m ì¶mnma MmbV Ago. hr OmoS>~§Xa§ ˶m H$mimV A{Ve¶ ^a^amQ>rMr d à{gÕ hmoVr Aer ‘m{hVr CnbãY hmoVr. na§Vw ˶m{df¶rMo nwamdo BVŠ¶m dfm©V {‘imbobo ZìhVo. ‘mÌ AbrH$S>oM 2000 gmbmVM S>o¸$Z H$m°boO, nwUo BWë¶m nwamVÎd {d^mJmÀ¶m Q>r‘Zo ~arM ‘ohZV KoD$Z g§emoYZ Ho$b§ d Mm¡b‘Yë¶m H$mhr ^mJmV CËIZZ Ho$ë¶mda ˶m§Zm OoÅ>rMr q^V d ~§XamMo Adeof ¶m§Mm emoY bmJbm. ˶mVyZ ~arM ‘m{hVr COoS>mV Ambr. àmMrZ H$mir ¶m M§nmdVr ~§XamVyZ ì¶mnmar ‘mb ZXrVyZ nwUo, OwÞa dJ¡ao {R>H$mUr nmohmoMdbm OmV Ago. ˶mH$mir OdiOdi am‘oœa ‘§{Xamn¶ªV ~moQ>r ¶oV hmo˶m. na§Vw Z§Va hiyhiy dfm©Zwdf© Hw§$S>{bH$m ZXr‘Yo Jmi gmMV Jobm d ¶m Jmim‘wio ho ~§Xa hiyhiy {ZH$m‘r hmoV Job§. CËIZZm‘Yo gmVdmhZ H$mim‘Ybr ~«m÷r {bnrVbr ZmUr, [a¨J dob åhUOo Jmob [a¨J Q>mHy$Z Ho$bob§ {d{harM§ ~m§YH$m‘, Mma Iwam§Mm nmQ>m, ‘mVrMr ^m§S>r, Vm§ã¶mÀ¶m dñVy gmnS>ë¶m. ˶mMà‘mUo hpñVX§VmÀ¶m d e§ImÀ¶m dñVyhr gmnS>ë¶m. {edm¶ ½boÂS> H$ba Mm¶ZrO nm°Q>ar {‘imbr. a§JrV H$mMoMo ‘Ur BWo V¶ma hmoD$Z Am{’«$H$m ~§XamV nmR>dbo OmV hmoVo Vohr gmnS>bo. ¶m CËIZZm‘wio Mm¡b- aodX§S>m ho OmoS> ~§Xa ˶mH$mir A{Ve¶ g§nÞ ì¶mnmar ~§Xa hmoV§ Am{U ¶m ~§Xam§‘YyZ XoemV d naXoemVhr ’$ma ‘moR>m ì¶mnma MmbV Ago ¶m ‘m{hVrbm nwï>r {‘imbr. ‘m{hVrMm IaonUm {gÕ Pmbm.

^modmim Vù¶mOdirc MmoaqMMoMo PmS> Mm¡b JmdmV JmoaIqMM qH$dm ñWm{ZH$ ^mfoV "MmoaqMM' Ag§ Zmd AgUmao àM§S> ‘moR>m ~w§Ym Agbobo ‘hmH$m¶ d¥j nhm¶bm {‘iVmV. XÎm ‘§{Xa n[agamV, ^modmim Vù¶mOdi ho àmMrZ d¥j AmT>iVmV. ’$ma nydu Am{’«$Ho$VyZ hr PmS§> BWo AmUʶmV Ambr. Mm¡b‘ܶo d¥j‘hfu amOm^mD$ amB©bH$a ¶m§Mr gwà{gÕ dmS>r Amho. ¶m dmS>r‘ܶo eoH$S>mo OmVrMr ’w$bPmS§>, ’$iPmS§>, Xþ{‘©i Am¡fYr Am{U naXoer PmS>m§M§ OVZ H$ê$Z ˶mMm g§J«h Ho$bobm Amho. ¶m§À¶m g§J«hmV AmR> ’y$Q>

3

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$

gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr

bm§~rMr Jma§~rMr e|Jhr hmoVr. ¶mhrnojm {deof åhUOo emH©$ ‘memMm gm§JmS>mhr ˶m§Zr OVZ H$ê$Z R>odbobm hmoVm. ˶m‘wio hm gd© g§J«h nmhʶmgmR>r AZoH$ n¶©Q>H$ Mm¡bbm Ambo H$s ˶m§À¶m ¶m dmS>rbm h‘Img ^oQ> XoVmVM. B§J«Om§À¶m amOdQ>r‘ܶo Mm¡b ~§XamM§ ì¶mnmar ‘hËd nyU©nUo b¶mbm Job§ Am{U EHo$H$mir g§nÞ Agbob§ ho ~§Xa Ho$di EH$ {ZgJ©g§nÞ Jmd ~ZyZ am{hb§. na§Vw 1980 À¶m XeH$mV aodX§S>m ImS>rnbrH$S>o gmimd BWo {~bm© g‘yhmMm "{dH«$‘ BñnmV' ZmdmMm Iyn ‘moR>m ñQ>rb àH$ën gwê$ Pmë¶m‘wio aodX§S>m ImS>rda ‘moR>m nyb ~m§YʶmV Ambm. ¶m nwbm‘wio nwÝhm EH$Xm Mm¡b, aodX§S>m Jmdm§Zm D${O©VmdñWm ¶oD$ bmJbr. ImS>rnbrH$S>Mr Zm§XJmd, ‘wéS>, O§{Oam dJ¡ao n¶©Q>Z ñWi§ AJXr Odi Ambr. ˶m‘wio ‘w§~B©hÿZ ¶oUmè¶m d AmgnmgÀ¶m ñWm{ZH$ n¶©Q>H$m§Mr ¶m {ZgJ©g§nÞ ^mJm‘ܶo ^anya dX©i dmT>br. ˶m‘wio ¶m n[agamV n¶©Q>Z ì¶dgm¶ Omo‘mZo gwê$ Pmbm. Mm¡bJmd AmVm n¶©Q>H$m§M§ AmdS>V§ {R>H$mU Pmb§. Mm¡b ‘ܶo AmVm nyduBVH$s ‘§{Xa§ {e„H$ Zgbr Varhr AmOhr ‘wIar JUnVr ‘§{Xa, EH${dam

ZdrZ åhmÌo

2022

^dmZr ‘§{Xa, M§nmdVr ‘§{Xa, ^JdVr ‘§{Xa, qhJwiOm Xodr ‘§{Xa, {eVim Xodr ‘§{Xa, gmo‘oœa ‘§{Xa Aer AZoH$ ‘§{Xa§ ¶m JmdMr emo^m dmT>dV AmhoV. C§M S>m|Jamdarb XÎm ‘§{Xam‘ܶo nyduà‘mUo AmOhr XÎm O¶§Vrbm ¶mÌm ^aVo. Mm¡bM§ J«m‘X¡dV Agbob§ am‘oœa ho {ed‘§{Xa AmOhr n¶©Q>H$m§M§ AmdS>V§ {R>H$mU Va AmhoM na§Vw ¶m ‘§{Xam g^modVmbMm {ZgJ©aå¶ n[aga {gZo H$bmd§Vm§Zmhr ^wai KmbUmam Amho. ˶m‘wio ¶m n[agamV H$mhr ‘amR>r {gZo‘m§M§ Am{U XÿaXe©Z ‘m{bH$m§M§hr {MÌU Pmbobo Amho. nyduà‘mUoM AmOhr Ho$iH$a ¶m§M§ aodX§S>¶mM§ hm°Q>ob d ’$’o$ ~§Yy§M§ Mm¡b ZmŠ¶mdaM§ hm°Q>ob n¶©Q>H$m§Mr jwYmem§Vr H$aV AmhoV. OmoJioH$am§À¶m XþH$mZmVbo gmIa bmdbobo I‘§J ‘mdm noT>o Am{U XþYr hbdm, ZmaimMr {M¸$s (InQ>r) d ZmairnmH$ AmOhr {VVHo$M bmoH${චAmhoV. Ag§ ho gw§Xa {ZgJ©g§nÞ Mm¡b Jmd åhUOo Am‘Mm amB©bH$a KamʶmMm ‘mZq~XÿM Amho!

gm‘m{OH$ pñWVrM§ dU©Z Ho$bob§ Amho. ˶mdoir Mm¡b Am{U H$moH$UmV ~h‘Zr gÎmoMm A§‘b hmoVm Z§Va H$mhr dfmªZr, åhUOoM B.g. 1496 ‘ܶo Mm¡bMm ^mJ Ah‘XZJaÀ¶m {ZOm‘emhmÀ¶m Vmã¶mV Ambm. B.g.1600 ‘ܶo Ah‘XZJaMr {ZOm‘emhr ~wS>më¶mda 'daM§ Mm¡b' ho AH$~amÀ¶m Vmã¶mV Amb§. ˶mdoir ˶mg '‘wV©Om~mX' åhUV. Mm¡bM§ ho Zmd ~h‘Zr H$mimnmgyZM Agmd§ H$maU Owݶm H$mJXnÌm§V Mm¡bMm C„oI '‘wV©Om~mX' Agm ¶oVmo.

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A

8

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 a|~dbr ¶m Jmdmbm ñdV§Ì ‘hgyb Jmd Aer 1918 gmbr AmkoZwgma ˶mZo XodrMr VoWo à{Vð>mnZm Ho$br d {VÀ¶m godoVM Cd©[aV Am¶wî¶ ì¶VrV Ho$b§. ˶mÀ¶m d lr ‘hmbú‘rÀ¶m dmñVì¶mZo Amnë¶m emgZ‘mݶVm {‘imbr. Jmdmbm Aݶ dmS>r Zmhr. JmdHw$gm~mhoarb JmdmMr ^a^amQ> Pmbr Vg§M MìhmU d§embm pñWaVm bm^br, ¶m Mma-nmM Ka§ d ZXrnbrH$S>o gmV-AmR> Ka§ ‘w»¶ JmdmR>mUmnmgyZ Xÿa lÕo ‘wio JmdmVrb MìhmU ‘§S>irZr ˶mM§ AmS>Zmd ñdrH$mab§. AmhoV EdT>§M. Xhm-~mam Kam§Mm EH$ "AmdmR>' (N>moQ>r dñVr) Ago AWm©V ¶m Jmoï>rbm gdmªMrM ‘mݶVm hmoVr Ag§ Zmhr. H$mhrOUmZr JmdmV Mma AmdmR> AmhoV. WmoS>Š¶mV nÞmg-gmR> C§~aR>m d gmS>oVrZeo Amnb§ nyduM§M AmS>Zmd H$m¶‘ R>odb§. AmO JmdmV di§Oy hm Voamdm bmoH$dñVrMm Jmd. VarnU Jmd ñdV§Ì Amho. Am‘M§ ñdV§Ì XodñWmZ d§e AgyZ ˶mMr ~mamdr- Voamdr {nT>r AmO JmdmV Zm§XV Amho, Vg§M Amho. Amåhr di§Oy / MìhmU AmS>Zmd YmaU H$aUmao J«m‘ñW ¶m JmdmV di§Oy d MìhmU Aer XmoÝhr Zmd§ AmT>iVmV. Z§Va EH$‘VmZo JmdmMo à‘wI ‘mZH$ar AmhmoV ¶mMm Amåhmbm A{^‘mZ dmQ>Vmo. di§ Oy ¶m ¶moJr nwéfmMr g‘mYr ~m§YyZ Vr EH$m H$monè¶mV ¶oB©b Aem àemgH$s¶ gmo¶ åhUyZ Jmd Hw$dio J«m‘n§Mm¶Vrer g§b¾ Amho, Va nÕVrZo lr ‘hmbú‘rM§ Xodmb¶ C^mab§ Oo AmO JmdmM§ lÕmñWmZ nmoñQ>mM§ H$m¶m©b¶ Amao ¶m Jmdmbm OmoS>bob§ Amho. Hw$dio JmdmMr Amho. ho ~m§YH$m‘ Odinmg XrS>eo dfm©nyduM§ Agmd§ Agm A§XmO "V’}$dmS>r' Am{U "gmier' JmdmMr "Hw$ù¶mMr dmS>r' ¶m ˶m§À¶m ‘yi Amho. ~m§YH$m‘mgmR>r Xÿadê$Z Om§ä¶m XJS>mMo AdOS> Aï>H$moZr d JmdmnmgyZ Xÿa AmhoV nU Am‘À¶m Jmdmbm Odi AmhoV. {VWbo Mm¡ H$moZr AmH$mamMo Im§~ H$go AmUbo AgVrb ¶m~Ôb Amü¶© dmQ>V§. J«m‘ñW ho Zoh‘rM Am‘À¶m gwIXþ…ImV gmo~V AgVmV. gwVmaH$m‘ d {eënH$bm AdJV AgUmè¶m H$mamJram§ZrM ¶m JmdmMr dñVr hr àm‘w»¶mZo ‘amR>m g‘mOmMr Amho. Xodmb¶mM§ H$m‘ Ho$b§ Amho. bmH$S>mdaM§ H$moard H$m‘ Aà{V‘ Amho. di§Oy/MìhmU ho à‘wI J«m‘ñW AgyZ ˶mZ§Va Xidr, amUo, gmd§V, AbrH$S>À¶m H$mimV ˶mda a§JH$m‘ Ho$ë¶mda Va Vo AmUIr AmH$f©H$ gmQ>‘, nmVmS>o, na~, Ywar, ’$miHo$ VgoM Zmd}H$a, nmQ>UH$a, OmYd, d CR>mdXma Pmb§ Amho. H$X‘, O§Jbo, IamV B˶mXr AmS>ZmdmMr Hw$Qw>§~§ AmhoV. lr ^dmZr Xodr hr di§Oy/ MìhmU ¶m§Mr Hw$bXodVm Amho. ¶m XodrMr à{Vð>mnZm Á¶oð> Hw$Qw>§~mÀ¶m KarM Ho$bobr Amho. lr Xodr ‘hmbú‘r à‘wI J«m‘XodVm AgyZ {VM§ ‘§{Xa JmdmOdi ZXr{H$Zmar Amho. ¶m Xodmb¶mg "ImbM§ XoD$i' åhUVmV. Va daM§ XoD$i åhUOo lr Xod AmH$ma ~«m÷U d di§Oy dg, lr Xod Jm§Jmo Am{U lr {dÇ>bmXodr Agm VrZ Xodmb¶m§Mm g‘yh hm JmdmnmgyZ VrZ {H$‘r A§Vamda ~ma‘mhr dmhUmam Amohmi Am{U JX© amB© ¶m§À¶m gm{ZܶmV S>m|Jamda Amho. JmdmVë¶m gd© di§Oy Hw$Qw>§{~¶m§H$S>o Kar Xod Zmhr. 'di§Oy dg' hm EH$M gmd©O{ZH$ Xod gdmªMm {‘iyZ Amho. ‘m¶m ~mbnUmV lr ‘hmbú‘r Xodmb¶mV H$m{V©H$ ewÕ EH$mXerbm gmV àham§Mm h[aZm‘ gámh hm EH$‘od CËgd gmOam hmoV Ago. Joë¶m Xhm n§Yam dfm©V ‘mÌ ZdamÌ, Xgam, gr‘mo„§KZ, {Ìnwamar nm¡{U©‘m, hmoir Ago CËgd gmOao Ho$bo OmD$ bmJbo AmhoV. ‘mbdUr lr ‘hmcú‘r ‘§{Xa, a|~dcr J«m‘rU ^mfoV gm§Jm¶Mo Va "JmdahmQ>r gwé Pmbr'. ~mbnUmV BVa JmdmV eoVrgmR>r gnmQ> O‘rZ H$‘r à‘mUmV CnbãY Amho. Jmdm§à‘mUo Am‘À¶m Jmdr ho gU gmOao hmoV ZmhrV ¶mM§ ’$ma d¡få¶ S>m|Ja CVmamda ZmMUr, dargmaIr daH$g {nH§$ KoVbr OmV. JmdmVyZ dmQ>m¶M§. nU AmVm ZdrZ d Owݶm OmU˶m {nT>rZo nwT>mH$ma KoD$Z d dmhUmè¶m ZXrÀ¶m nmʶmda CÝhmir {nH§$ KoVbr OmV. H$mhr H$mi g‘OyVXmanUm XmIdyZ gmd©O{ZH$ CËgd nyU© CËgmhmZo gmOao H$am¶bm CgmM§ nrH$ KoD$Z JwimM§ CËnmXZgwÕm KoVb§ OmV hmoV§. ^wB©‘wJ, CÝhmir gwadmV Ho$br Amho. ZmMUr, Hw$irW Vg§M dm§Jr, {‘aMr, dmbr, ‘wim, Ho$ir Aer Am‘M§ di§Oy AmS>Zmd d ‘hmbú‘r Xodmb¶ ¶m~m~V OwZo^mOrnmë¶mMr {nH§$ KoV. hm ^mOrnmbm Vio~mOma, {eaJmd, H$moimoer OmUVo bmoH$ B{VhmgmMm Agm g§X^© XoVmV H$s a|~dbr ¶m Jmdr BWë¶m AmR>dS>m ~mOmamV {dH«$sgmR>r ZoV. à˶oH$mH$S>o AmR>-Xhm Jwa§ AmOn¶ªV hmVUH$a, én¶o, Jmogmdr, Jwù¶o, Mm§^ma, gwVma B˶mXr ~mam Agm¶MrM. Jwa§ MmaʶmgmR>r ‘mÌ Jwam§Zm S>m|Ja MTy>Z gS>çmda ݶmd§ dg (d§e) hmoD$Z Jobo. nU ¶mn¡H$s Hw$Urhr ¶oWo pñWamdbm Zmhr {H$dm bmJV Ago. {VWo Hw$R>b§M nrH$ Zgo d nmdgmù¶mV ‘w~bH$ Mmam Ago. ˶m§Mm d§e{dñVma Pmbm Zmhr. VXZ§Va amOmnya VmbwŠ¶mVyZ ¶‘mOr Am‘À¶m JmdmV gmjaVoM§ amonQ>§ gd©àW‘ bmdb§ Am‘À¶m MìhmU ho Amao ‘mJ} a|~dbr ¶m Jmdr gwIdñVrg pñWamdbo hmoVo. nUOmo~m§Zr. Am‘Mo nUOmo~m, AmOmo~m ¶m§Zr JmdmV ImgJr {ejH$m§Mr ˶mXaå¶mZ H$moH$U Am{U KmQ>‘mWm åhUOo H$moëhmnya BWyZ na§namJV Zo ‘UyH$ H$ê$Z {ejUmMr Midi gwé Ho$br. ˶mZ§Va AmOn¶ªV ì¶mnmamVrb EH$ di§Oy ZmdmMm lr ‘hmbú‘r Xodrda Anma lÕm Am‘À¶m Hw$Qw>§~mVë¶m ~hþVm§e gXñ¶m§Zr {ejH$s noem ñdrH$mabobm Agbobm ì¶mnmar ¶m JmdmVrb ‘mJm©Zo ¶oV Ago. EH$Xm Vmo ¶m {Z{‘ÎmmZo Amho. AbrH$S>o X¡ VéU ^maV ¶m ñWm{ZH$ d¥ÎmnÌmZo Am‘À¶m JmdmMm a|~dbr JmdmV Ambm AgVmZm YmݶmM§ nmoV§ Zoh‘rnojm OS> dmQ>b§ "{ejH$m§M§ Jmd' åhUyZ gËH$ma Ho$bm hmoVm. 1958 gmbr ñWm{ZH$ åhUyZ {dlm§VrgmR>r ZXr{H$Zmar Wm§~bm. ˶mbm ñdßZmV Ñï>mÝV Pmbm J« m‘ñWm§Zr ‘w§~B© ‘§S>imÀ¶m ‘XVrZo EH$ B‘maV ~m§YyZ {VWo n{hbr Vo H$s ‘r H$moëhmnya H$adra {Zdm{gZr lr ‘hmbú‘r AgyZ ‘mPr ¶mM Mm¡Wr ImOJr emim gwé Ho$br. nmMdr Vo gmVdr ¶m {ejUmgmR>r VrZ {R>H$mUr ñWmnZm H$a Am{U ‘m¶m godoV amhm. ì¶mnmè¶mZo YmݶmM§ {H$.‘r. A§Vamdarb Hw$dio {H$dm {Zamo‘ ¶m Jmdr Omd§ bmJV Ago, Va nmoV§ Vnmgb§ AgVm ˶mV ‘hmbú‘rMo nmfmU AmT>ibo. XodrÀ¶m 9

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 ‘mܶ{‘H$ {ejUmgmR>r ~mam {H$.‘r. A§Vamdarb {eaJmd JmR>md§ 1969 gmbr añ˶mZo JmdmV Q´>H$ Ambm Var EgQ>r dmhVyH$ gwé bmJm¶M§. Z§Va gm§S>do ¶m Jmdr gwÕm ‘mܶ{‘H$ emim gwé Pmbr. Aem hmoʶmgmR>r ˶mZ§Va Xhm dfª Omdr bmJbr. 1979 gmbr àW‘V… H$ï>àX n[apñWVrVhr JmdmVrb AZoH$m§Zr {ejU KoVb§. dg§V bú‘U XodJS> S>onmoMr {eaJmd-Hw$dio hr ~g a|~dbrn¶ªV Ambr. Vr ’$º$ di§Oy ho JmdmVyZ embm§V narjm nmg hmoUmao n{hbo {dÚmWu R>abo. CÝhmù¶mV {XdgmVyZ XmoZ doim Hw$dio ¶oWo ZXrV CVê$Z ¶oV Ago. narjm nmg Pmë¶mda JmdmÀ¶m 1958 gmbr gwé Ho$boë¶m emioV nmdgmù¶mV gd© àH$maMr dmhVyH$ ~§X hmoB©. H$maU Hw$dio BWë¶m ImOJr {ejH$ åhUyZ H$m‘ Ho$b§. 1959 gmbr ¶m emiobm ZXrdaMm nyb Am{U a|~dbr añVm OmoS>bm Jobm ZìhVm. Vg§M Hw$dioemgZ‘mݶVm {‘imbr. ˶mZ§Va Amboë¶m ~m~bm gwa~m KmS>r, h[aü§Ð a|~dbr ‘mJm©daÀ¶m bhmZ-‘moR>çm AmoT>çm§daMo nyb Pmbo ZìhVo. dmgwXod Xidr Aem AZoH$ {ejH$m§Zr H$R>moa n[al‘mZo emioM§ ê$nm§Va 1989 ‘ܶo, åhUOo AmUIr Xhm dfmªZr hr H$m‘§ nyU© Pmbr. ˶mdoir EH$m n{dÌ kmZ‘§{XamV Ho$b§. 1958 gmbr gwé Pmboë¶m nyd© àmW{‘H$ Eg.Q>r ~ma‘mhr Pmbr, ¶mMXaå¶mZ a|~dbr-{Zamo‘ ¶m nm¶dmQ>oMmhr emioM§ énm§Va nyU© àmW{‘H$ emioV hmoʶmgmR>r 1975 gmb COmS>md§ añVm Pmbm hmoVm. XodJS>, Vio~mOma, Amao hr Jmd§ Odi Ambr. bmJb§. ‘w»¶ AS>MU hr nQ>g§»¶oMr hmoVr. ˶mgmR>r {ejU Am{U ¶mZ§VaM Iè¶m AWm©Zo Jmd BVa OJmer dmhVwH$sZo OmoS>b§ Job§. Jmd ¶mnmgyZ Xÿa AgUmè¶m YZJadmS>r d gmier JmdMr Hw$ù¶mMr JmdmVrb Mma AmdR>mVrb Mma Ooð> 춺$s gmd©O{ZH$ dmS>r d Hw$dio JmdmMr V’}$dmS>r BWë¶m ‘wbm§Zm emioV XmIb H$ê$Z H$m‘m~m~V MMm© H$ê$Z {ZU©¶ KoVmV. Jmd bhmZ Agë¶m‘wio KoʶmV Amb§. ˶m§Mr XþnmaÀ¶m OodUmMr gmo¶ J«m‘ñWm§Zr Ho$br. Hw$R>ë¶mhr gmd©O{ZH$ H$m¶©H«$‘mbm à˶oH$ KamVrb gXñ¶mbm ˶mV emgZñVamda AWH$ nÌì¶dhma H$amdm bmJbm. AIoa ¶m à¶ËZm§Zm gh^mJr ìhmd§M bmJV§. ˶m‘wio JmdmV hmoUmè¶m à˶oH$ gH$mamË‘H$ ¶e ¶oD$Z 1975 gmbr emim nyU© àmW{‘H$ emim Pmbr. ~XbmgmR>r à˶oH$mMm hmV^ma bmJbm Amho. H$mhtMm C„oI H$Xm{MV XiUdiUmgmR>r nm¶dmQ> hm EH$M ‘mJ© hmoVm. ZXr d AmoT>oAZmdYmZmZo amhÿZ OmB©b nU H$mhr ‘hÎdmÀ¶m 춺$s Aem:Zmbo ¶m‘wio hr nm¶dmQ>gwÕm AdKS> hmoVr. 1963 gmbr hr nm¶dmQ> g§^mOr (~wdm) di§Oy ¶m§Mm ì¶dgm¶ eoVr Agbm Var Ho$di é§X, {dZm AS>Wù¶mMr H$aʶmM§ H$m‘ J«m‘ñWm§Zr hmVr KoVb§. Q>mi Am{U ‘¥Xþ§J ¶m§À¶m gmWrZo ^OZ ldUr¶ H$aʶmV ˶m§Mm hmVI§S>m nmdgmù¶mV A{Z~ªYnUo dmhUmè¶m nmʶmgmR>r N>moQ>o Zmbo V¶ma Jobo hmoVm. n§MH«$moerVë¶m Jmdm‘ܶo gmOè¶m hmoUmè¶m h[aZm‘ gámhm‘ܶo Jobo. (ñWm{ZH$ ^mfoV ˶m§Zm "hab' åhUVmV Oo Z§Va añVm n¸$m H$aVmZm ˶m§Zr Zobobr a|~dbrMr qXS>r Zoh‘rM AmH$f©UmMm {df¶ Ago. {eH$boë¶m B§{O{Z¶a bmoH$m§Zr ZoñVZm~yV H$ê$Z nmʶmMr n[apñWVr Am‘À¶m {nT>rZo ˶m§Mr ’$º$ ^OZ§M EoH$br. nU nmodmS>m, V‘mem, J§^ra Ho$br.) ¶WmdH$me nm¶dmQ>oM§ énm§Va H$ÀÀ¶m H$m hmoB©Zm nU bmdUr ¶mdagwÕm ˶m§M§ à^wËd hmoV§. ˶m§À¶m nümV ^OZ na§nam añ˶mV Pmb§. ¶m añ˶mdê$Z n{hbm MmaMmH$s Q´>H$ 1969 gmbr OZmX©Z (~~Z ~wdm) di§Oy ¶m§Zr nwT>o Mmbdbr. Vohr eoVH$arM Agbo Ymdbm. VËnydu EH$Xm {eaJmd BWë¶m S>m°. ~mnQ> ¶m§Mr N>moQ>r H$ma Var àW‘Xe©Zr Hw$Umdahr N>mn nS>mdr Ag§ ^maXñV ì¶{º$‘Ëd ˶m§Zm ‘m¶m ~{hUrMm hmV J§^ra[a˶m ^mObm hmoVm åhUyZ {Vbm bm^b§ hmoV§. Vo CÎm‘ hm‘m}{Z¶‘ dmOdV Am{U XþéñVrhr H$aV. CÎm‘ H$UH$dbrbm ZoʶmgmR>r Ambr hmoVr. Vr naV OmVmZm Hw$dio BWo ZXrV gwVmaH$m‘, Jd§S>rH$m‘, ‘y{V©H$m‘ H$aV. ˶m§Zr JmdmV KmS>r JwéOr éVbr. Hw$dio- a|~dbr J«m‘ñWm§Zr Vr ‘hËà¶mgmZo ~mhoa H$mT>br. ¶m§À¶m gmWrZo JUnVr emim gwé Ho$br d AIoan¶ªV Mmby R>odbr. èhmg Am{U {dH$mg hmVmV hmV KmbyZ ¶oVmV ¶mMr à{MVr JmdmVbo VéU Vg§M ~wOwJ© ¶m§Zm KoD$Z VrZ A§H$s ZmQ>H$ ~gdyZ Vo gmXa Amåhmbm WmoS>çmM {XdgmV Ambr. JmdmV Amboë¶m n{hë¶m Q´>H$M§ H$aV. ˶mVhr Eo{Vhm{gH$ ZmQ>H$ hr ˶m§Mr Img AmdS> hmoVr. Ho$di ñdmJV J«m‘ñWm§Zr T>mob Vmí¶m§À¶m JOamV A‘mn CËgmhmZo Ho$b§. ¶mV Mm¡Wr B¶Îmm EdT>§M {ejU Agb§ Var dmMZ ^anya Agë¶m‘wio A§Jr JmdmVrb Am~mbd¥Õ gm‘rb Pmbo hmoVo. H$mhrOUm§Zr Va MmaMmH$s d³V¥Ëd H$bm hmoVr. ‘m¶m d{S>bm§Zr ˶m§Mr JmR> AZoH$ emgH$s¶ dmhZ àW‘M n{hb§ hmoV§. Q´>H$ nmhÿZ d ˶mMm KamKamQ> EoHy$Z OZmda§ A{YH$mar d amOH$s¶ ZoVo ¶m§À¶mer KmbyZ {Xbr. {VWohr ˶m§Zr Va Mm¡Iya CYibr. Q´>H$ ‘mbH$mZohr MhmnmʶmÀ¶m IMm©gmR>rM Zìho, Amnë¶m A§J^yV JwUm§Zr N>mn nmS>br. ˶mMm ’$m¶Xm Jmdmbm AZoH$ Va añ˶mÀ¶m S>mJSw>OrgmR>rhr hmV g¡b gmoS>bm. ¶m‘mJM§ B§{JV Z§Va {dH$mgH$m‘m¨V Pmbm. ‘mPo AmOmo~m {edam‘ di§Oy (AÊUm) ¶m§Zr bjmV Amb§. Mma {Xdgm§Zr hm Q´>H$ H$m‘Jma, Hw$èhmS>r, XmoaI§S> ¶m§gh Am‘M§ Hw$Qw>§~ ˶m§À¶m XÿaÑï>rZo Am{U àJV {dMmamZo àJVrnWmda JmdmV nwÝhm Ambm. ~mi-Jmonmim§Zm KoD$Z a|~dbr Vo V’}$dmS>r Aer Zob§M nU JmdmgmR>rhr ˶m§Zr XmoZ ‘hËdmMr H$m‘§ Ho$br. Vohr CÎm‘ EH$ ’o$ar ‘mabr Am{U Am§ã¶mM§ EH$ PmS> VmoSy>Z ˶mMo AMoVZ Am|S>Ho$ gwVmaH$m‘ H$aV. ˶m§Zm Vm§{ÌH$ H$m‘mMr AmdS> hmoVr. JmdmVë¶m ^ê$Z JmdmVyZ {ZKyZ Jobm. ˶mZ§Va AgoM Q´>H$ ¶oV am{hbo Am{U ZXrbm nmdgmù¶mV nya ¶oB© Voìhm ZXrnma OmʶmgmR>r hmoS>r hmM AmYma JmdmVrb ZmZm{dY MdrMo d JwUY‘m©Mo àM§S> am¶di Am‘«d¥j KoD$Z hmoVm. Oa ZmdmS>r gamB©V Zgob Va XþK©Q>Zm KS>ʶmMm g§^d Ago. Jobo. "ho{M ’$i H$m¶ ‘‘ Vnmbm' Aer AdñWm Amåhm bhmZ ‘wbm§Mr AmOmo~m§Zr Amnb§ H$g~ nUmbm bmdyZ ZXrH$mR>À¶m dS>mMm, ˶mÀ¶m Pmbr. ho Am‘«d¥j åhUOo Amåhm gdmªM§ {da§Jwù¶mM§ Am{U newnma§ã¶m§Mm ¶mo½¶ dmna H$ê$Z J«m‘ñWm§À¶m ghmæ¶mZo ‘O~yV gmH$d nú¶m§M§ Aml¶mM§ ñWmZ hmoV§. H$mhrVar {‘idʶmgmR>r H$mhrVar C^mê$Z hm àý H$m¶‘Mm gmoS>dbm. AbrH$S>o ZXrda n¸$m nyb hmoB©n¶ªV J‘dmd§ bmJV§ ho Ia§ Agb§ Var Ag§ {ZgJm©Zo {Xbob§ {Ma§VZ hmM gmH$d Cn¶moJmV ¶oV Ago. ˶mMà‘mUo ZXrÀ¶m nmʶmV MT>UrMo gm¡»¶ J‘dmd§ bmJob ¶mMr ¶pËH§${MVhr H$ënZm añVm Pmbm ˶mdoir d CVaUrMo ‘mgo KmD$H$ ñdénmV nH$S>ʶmgmR>r EH$ ¶moOZm AmIbr. Ambr Zmhr. ZXrÀ¶m nmÌmV bmH$S>r ~§Ymam KmVbm, ˶mbm "H$sd' åhUV, Á¶m¶moJo nmUr {dZm AS>Wim dmhÿZ OmB©b nU ‘mgo OmUma ZmhrV Aer XjVm 10

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Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 nXì¶m ˶m§Zm {Xë¶m. ^maVaËZ ‘hfu Ym|S>mo Ho$ed H$d} C’©$ AÊUm ho nma§n[aH$ d¡ÚH$s¶ kmZ {‘idyZ gw‘mao 65 dfª ¶eñdrnUo d¡ÚH$s¶ ór-{ejU ¶m {df¶mVb§ gd©n[a{MV Zmd. ˶m§Zm 104 dfm©M§ ì¶dgm¶ ‘wê$S> BWo Ho$bm. Amnë¶m kmZmMm dmna H$ê$Z AZoH$ ê$½Um§Mo XrKm©¶wî¶ bm^b§. ~mbnUmnmgyZ AÊUm§Zm gm‘m{OH$ H$m¶m©Mr AmdS> AmOma ~ao Ho$bo. d¡ÚH$s¶ ì¶dgm¶mVyZ {‘imbob§ YZ ho ZH$iVnUo hmoVr. àW‘ nËZrÀ¶m {ZYZm§Z§Va ˶m§Zr Ho$bobm {dYdm nwZ{d©dmh XmZgwÕm Ho$b§. AJXr AbrH$S>o åhUOo 2012 ‘ܶo ˶m§M§ {ZYZ Pmb§. ˶mH$mir Mm§JbmM JmObm. {ó¶m§À¶m {ejUmgmR>r AZmW ~m{bH$ml‘ Am{U XoemVb§ n{hb§ ‘{hbm {dÚmnrR> Eg.EZ.S>r.Q>r. Mr ñWmnZm H$aUmam hm Wmoa g‘mOgwYmaH$. AÊUm§M§ ‘wê$S>da ’$ma ào‘ hmoV§. 1958 ‘ܶo AÊUm§Mm OÝ‘eVmãXr gmohim ‘wê$S> BWo ‘moR>¶m CËgmhmV gmOam Pmbm.

d¡ÚamO AmË‘mam‘ dm‘Z XmVma ‘wê$S>, AmgyX, Xmnmobr ¶m n[agambm Amnë¶m gm{h˶mVyZ AOam‘a H$aUmao lr.Zm.n|S>go ho ‘yiMo Am§Ob} OdiÀ¶m ‘wS>uMo. na§Vw ˶m§M§ ~mbnU ˶m§À¶m AmOmoir ‘wê$S>bm Joë¶mZo ˶m§Mm ‘wê$S>er g§~§Y Ambm. "hÔnma' ¶m H$mX§~arVyZ "XþJ}ûda' ¶m ZmdmZo ‘wê$S>, Va "Jma§~rMm ~mny' ‘YyZ AmgyX Jmd ˶m§Zr gm{h˶mV AOam‘a Ho$b§. ‘wê$S>À¶m gmd©O{ZH$ joÌm§V XoIrb lr.Zm. ¶m§M§ ¶moJXmZ ‘moR>§ Amho. Jma§~rMm ~mny ¶m ZmQ>H$mMm n{hbm à¶moJ ˶m§Zr ‘wê$S> hm¶ñHy$bÀ¶m ‘XVrgmR>r Ho$bm hmoVm. 1958 À¶m H$d} eVmãXr gmohi¶mVhr ˶m§Mm gH«$s¶ gh^mJ hmoVm. ‘wê$S>‘Yb§ EH$ A˶§V ‘hÎdmM§ Agbob§ XþJm©XodrM§ XodñWmZ JmdmÀ¶m ‘ܶ^mJr dgb§ Amho. XodrMr ‘yVu hr J§S>H$s {eioMr AgyZ gw‘mao 800 Vo 1000 dfª OwZr Agmdr Agm A§XmO Amho. XodrM§ XoD$i ho Jmd dgdVmZm ~m§Ybob§ Agmd§, na§Vw dma§dma hmoUmè¶m AmH«$‘Um§Mr Pi ˶mbmgwÕm nmohmoMbr. gܶmM§ XoD$i ho B.g. 1763 ‘ܶo ~m§Ybob§ AgyZ XodimVë¶m 96 bmH$S>r Im§~m§da gw~H$ H$moardH$m‘ Ho$bob§ Amho. Xodim‘ܶo EH$ nmoVw©JrOH$mbrZ K§Q>m AgyZ Vr {M‘mOr AßnmZo dgB©À¶m ‘mo{h‘oZ§Va An©U Ho$br Ag§ åhUVmV. XþJm©XodrMr ‘mZ {VaH$s H$m Amho? ¶m~Ôb EH$ H$Wm gm§JVmV. ‘wê$S>da nydu noR>mè¶m§M§ AmH«$‘U Pmb§ Voìhm J«m‘ñWm§Zr àmW©Zm Ho$br. Xodr àmW©Zm EoHy$Z ajUgmR>r ~mhoa nS>br. {VZo ‘mS>mda MTy>Z ‘mS>mÀ¶m nmVrMr Vbdma Ho$br Am{U noR>mè¶m§M§ AmH«$‘U bT>mB© H$ê$Z naVdb§. ¶mdoir {VÀ¶m ‘mZobm XþImnV Pmbr ˶m‘wio {VMr ‘mZ {VaH$s Amho. ¶wÜXmZ§Va {VZo Amnbr ZW JmdmÀ¶m X{jUog ‘wê$S>-hU}À¶m gr‘odarb ^r‘mMr Ym|S> ¶m {R>H$mUr R>odbr Am{U H$ma^mè¶m§Zm ñdßZm§V ¶oD$Z Vg§ gm§{JVb§. ‘J H$ma^mè¶m§Zr {VWo OmD$Z Vo Xm{JZo dmOVJmOV XodimV AmUbo. M¡Ì ewŠb à{VnXm Vo Zd‘r ¶m H$mbmdYrV XþJm©XodrMm dmg§{VH$ ZdamÌm¡Ëgd gmOam H$aʶmV ¶oVmo. Zd‘rÀ¶m {Xder aW‘mJm©Zo CËgdmMr gm§JVm hmoVo. gXa CËgdmMo g{dñVa {Z¶‘ ~Iar‘ܶo {Xbo AmhoV. ˶mà‘mUo Ho$bm OmUmam ‘mZmMm CËgd 1901 ‘ܶo ~§X nS>bm. 1952 nmgyZ gXa CËgd hm ‘mZnmZ{da{hV gwê$ Amho. lr Xod ^¡adZmW ho JmdmÀ¶m X{jUog dgbob§ JmdmM§ J«m‘X¡dV. ‘mZmÀ¶m X{jU Q>moH$mg {gÜXnwê$fmZo ñdV:gmR>r joÌ R>odb§ Agm

‘h{f© H$d} ¶m§Mm ‘wéS> BWbm AY©nwVim Á¶mo{VfmMm¶© e§H$a ~miH¥$îU Xr{jV (1853 - 1898) ¶m§Mm Á¶mo{Vf joÌmV Vg§M n§Mm§J J{UVmV ‘moR>m Aä¶mg hmoVm. ‘wê$S> Jmd Á¶m {gÜXnwê$fmZo dgdb§ ˶mZo d¡e§nm¶Z ~«m÷Umg Amnbm ‘mZgnwÌ ‘mZb§ åhUwZ d¡e§nm¶Z KamU§ Xr{jV Pmb§. ¶mV e§H$a Xr{jV ¶m§Mm OÝ‘ Pmbm. bmoH$‘mݶ {Q>iH$ ho ˶m§À¶mOdi ¶m {df¶mV g„m‘gbV H$arV. ˶m§Zr {b{hbobm "^maVr¶ Á¶mo{Vfemó' hm J«§W gwà{gÜX Amho. ‘amR>r g§JrV a§J^y‘rdaMo Zm‘d§V ZQ>, Jm¶H$ {dœZmW ~mJwb ho ‘yiMo ‘wê$S>Mo. ~mbnU ‘wê$S> BWo Joë¶mda ˶m§Zr ZmoH$argmR>r ‘w§~B© JmR>br. ˶mdoir ˶m§Mm n§. am‘ ‘amR>o ¶m§À¶mer g§nH©$ Ambm. am‘^mD$§Zr ˶m§Zm {dZm‘yë¶ JmU§ {eH$db§. ‘wê$S> Jmdmbm g§nÞ d¡ÚH$s¶ na§nam bm^br hmoVr. d¡ÚaËZMwS>m‘Ur {dZm¶H$ emór Omoer ¶m§Zr BWo AZoH$ {eî¶ V¶ma Ho$bo. d¡ÚamO AmË‘mam‘ dm‘Z XmVma ho ˶mn¡H$s EH$. {dZm¶H$ emótH$S>o d¡ÚH$s¶ {ejU KoD$Z àW‘ ‘wbw§S> d Z§Va AIoan¶ªV gm§Jbr ¶oWo ì¶dgm¶ Ho$bm. Amnë¶m Aä¶mgnyU© g§emoYZmVyZ nm§M^m¡{VH$ {M{H$Ëgm hr Am¶wd}XmMr EH$ ñdV§Ì emImM ˶m§Zr {dH${gV Ho$br. MaH$g§{hVm, gwl¥Vg§{hVm Am{U Aï>m§J Am¶wd}X ¶m J«§Wm§M§ {deof kmZ Agë¶mZo ˶m§Zm "~¥h̶aËZ' hm nwañH$ma {‘imbm. ˶m§Zr V¶ma Ho$bobo AZoH$ d¡Ú AmO gm§Jbr, nwUo ¶m {R>H$mUr ¶eñdrnUo d¡ÚH$s¶ ì¶dgm¶ H$arV AmhoV. ‘wê$S>À¶m g§nÞ d¡ÚH$s¶ na§naoVb§ AJXr AbrH$S>M§ Zmd åhUOo d¡Ú ZmJwAÊUm {~dbH$a. dS>rb ZmZm {~dbH$a ¶m§À¶mH$Sy>Z 23

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr ~IarV C„oI Amho. ˶mZwgma X{jUog ˶m ñWmZr {gÜXnwê$fmMr g‘mYr Amho. ~mOybm dhmUmam nè¶m d g‘moa JmoS>¶m nmʶmMr {dhra Amho. ‘wê$S> Am{U {JåhdUo JmdmÀ¶m hÔrda XmVma ~md à{gÕ Amho. nydu hm ahXmarMm añVm AgVmZm ‘wê$S> ¶oWrb XmVma Hw$Qw>§~mVrb 춺$s ¶m dmQ>oZo ¶oV hmoVr. dmQ>oV nmʶmA^mdr ˶m§Mm KmoS>m Jobm. ˶m‘wio Aem KQ>Zm ^{dî¶mV KSy> Z¶oV åhUwZ ˶m§Zr ¶m {R>H$mUr hr {dhra ~m§Ybr. 1750 Vo 1800 ¶m H$mimVbr hr {dhra AgyZ hr KmoS>{dhra Amho. J«m‘ñWmnZoMr AmR>dU H$ê$Z XoUmam ‘R>oê$ hm J«m‘mMma ’$ma nydu JmdmV gmOam Ho$bm OmB©. J«m‘ñWmnZoÀ¶m doir dQ>d¥j VmoS>VmZm ˶mVë¶m eº$s¨Zr ~«måhU ~ir KoVbm, Voìhm {gÜXnwê$fmZo ˶mg {Od§V Ho$b§. hr KQ>Zm Ooð> dÚ MVwX©erbm KS>br åhUyZ ˶m {Xder Jmdm§V ‘R>oê$ H$mT>b§ OmV§. ¶m‘ܶo EH$m {Od§V 춺$sg ‘¥V ‘mUgmà‘mUo {VaS>rda {ZOdyZ ˶mg JmdmV {’$adb§ OmB©. Z§Va ˶mda XodrM§ VrW© qenSy>Z Vmo {Od§V Pmbm Ag§ g‘OV. EH$ df© hm ‘mUyg Z CR>ë¶mZo hr nÜXV ~§X Pmbr Agm C„oI H$d} M[aÌmV {XgVmo. ñdmV§Í¶mZ§Va Pmboë¶m gd©gmYmaU ~Xbm§Mm à^md ‘wê$S>da XoIrb Pmbm. 1965 ‘ܶo JmdmV J«m‘n§Mm¶VrMr ñWmnZm Pmbr. 1958 ‘ܶo ^maVaËZ ‘hfu H$d} ¶m§Mm OÝ‘eVmãXr ‘hmoËgd ‘ê$S>‘ܶo g§nyU© CËgmhmV goZmnVr ~mnQ> ¶m§À¶m AܶjVoImbr gmOam H$aʶmV Ambm. ˶mdoir JmdmV H$mhr gwYmaUm H$aʶmV Amë¶m. Eg.Q>r. dmhVwH$ gwê$ Pmbr. 1964 ‘Yrb ~m°bH$m°Q> {d‘mZ àH$aUmdê$Z Jmd nwÝhm EH$Xm àH$mePmoVmV Amb§. 1965 ‘ܶo JmdmV drO Ambr Am{U ‘mܶ{‘H$ emimhr gwê$ Pmbr. 1970 Z§Va Xmnmobr‘ܶo H¥$fr {dÚmnrR> Am{U damS>H$a H$m°boO ¶m§Mr ñWmnZm Pmë¶mZo Cƒ {ejUmMr gmo¶ CnbãY Pmbr. ¶mXaå¶mZ ‘Ybr EH$ {nT>r ‘moR>¶m à‘mUmV MmH$a‘mZr Pmbr. 2000 Z§Va n¶©Q>Z ì¶dgm¶m‘wio J«m‘ñWm§Zm Cn{O{dHo$M§ EH$ ZdrZ gmYZ CnbãY Pmb§. ˶mM~amo~a H$mhr g‘ñ¶mXoIrb {Z‘m©U Pmë¶m. H¥$frAmYm[aV CÚmoJ H$‘r Pmbo. ehamVë¶m YZmT>¶m§Zr O{‘Zr IaoXr Ho$ë¶m. bmoH$m§À¶m amhUr‘mZmV H$‘mbrMm ~Xb Pmbm. nwT>rb 25 dfm©V JmdmV Am‘ybmJ« ~Xb Pmbobo AgVrb. AmÎmmM H$‘r Pmbobo H¥$fr AmYm[aV CÚmoJ AmUIr H$‘r Pmbobo AgVrb. grAmaPoS>, emgH$s¶ {Z¶‘, ¶m‘wio n¶©Q>Z ì¶dgm¶mV gwÜXm AZoH$ AmìhmZ§ AgVrb. nydunmgyZ Agboë¶m H$mhr ê$T>r-na§nam ‘Zwî¶~imA^mdr ~§X nSy> eH$VmV. ZdrZ {nT>rZo gagH$Q> JmdmV amhm¶M§ Zmhr Ag§ R>adë¶mg Jmd AmogmS> hmoʶmMr ^rVr dmQ>Vo.

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...EH$ Amem dmñVddmXr CËWmZmMo ñdßZ Camer KoD$Z MmbVr ^maVdmgr OmJdy nwÝhm ñd-gm‘϶m©g bbH$mê$ Ad¿¶m {dœmgr ‘yë¶m{Y{ð>V g‘mO{dH$mg hm hrM Am‘wMr {dMmaYmam XmI{dVmo AmMaUmVyZ Amåhr gXm H$V©ì¶Y‘© hmMr Iam H$R>rU g‘¶ hm ‘hm‘marMm Am{W©H$‘§Xr,~oamoOJmarMm n[a g§¶V Am‘wMr OrdZe¡br VmoM AmYma R>aob CÚmMm ^¶ OJVm AmVm§H$dmXmMo Am{U {dñVmadmXr AmH$m§jm§Mo ho Va eÌy ‘mZdVoMo JaO {~‘moS> H$aʶm ‘yi V¶mMo dmT>mo ¶moOZm O§ZH$ë¶mUmÀ¶m Am{U H$Wm CÚm‘erbVoÀ¶m OmoS> à¶ËZm§VrH$ H$ënH$VoÀ¶m ømM g§H$ënZm {dH$mgmÀ¶m gh^mJ OZeº$sMm à˶oH$ KS>r ¶eñdr ZoV¥ËdmMr ‘oI Iar hmM {dœmg Iam H$ê$ ‘ZrMm jU ¶mo½¶ A‘¥V ‘hmoËgdmMm

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Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$

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2022

AZw^dmVb§ S>m|Ja, Xè¶m Agm aå¶ n[aga ~KV OwdmR>r Jmd nma H$ê$Z [ajm Ooìhm gS>çmda nmohmoMbr Voìhm gmgy~mB© åhUmë¶m H$s Jmd Odi Amb§ AmVm. [ajoVyZ gS>çmdaÀ¶m ‘méVrbm Z‘ñH$ma Ho$bm Am{U Jobr WmoS§> nwT>o Joë¶mda EH$ nmiUm bmJbm. ¶m OmJr Amogar gw‘mao 15-16 dfª ~m§YyZ Pmonmim Q>m§Jbm Amho. Hw$VwhbmZo ¶m OmJo{df¶r Xadfu JmdmV ¶oV OmUyZ KoVmZm H$ib§ H$s ¶m OmJobm "am‘oœaMm am{hë¶m‘wio ‘r gwÕm Cnio amYm H$mio Jmdmer g‘ag hmoD$Z Jobo Amho. Pmonmim' åhUVmV. BWo lram‘ dgbo hmoVo Aer 98690 01378 Am»¶m{¶H$m gm§{JVbr OmVo. ho EoH$VmZm OmUdb§ Cnio Jmdm~Ôb boI {b{hVmZm H$s JmdmÀ¶m doJionUmÀ¶m JyT> Am{U aå¶ Xþ{Z¶oV ‘m¶mM JmdmMr ‘bm Zì¶mZo AmoiI 007 gmbMr Jmoï>. ‘r d ‘mPr Pmbr. Jmdm~Ôb AOyZ ~a§M H$mhr ‘mPm àdmg gwé Pmbm Amho. [ajm KamOdi boH$ àW‘M amOmnya VmbwŠ¶mVë¶m Wm§~br, Amåhr gm‘mZ KoD$Z CVa§S>rdê$Z nwT>À¶m OmUyZ ¿¶m¶Mm hm àdmg Am‘À¶m Jmdr åhUOoM Cnù¶mbm A§JUmV Ambmo Am{U Aem àH$mao H$moH$UmVë¶m Cnio AgmM gwé amhrb... ¶oV hmoVmo. Ver ‘r ‘mhoaMr amOmnya VmbwŠ¶mVbr JmdmVë¶m Am‘À¶m ‘mVrÀ¶m H$m¡bmê$ KamV ‘mPm àW‘ YmD$bd„r JmdMr. ‘mPo AmOmo~m {ejU-ZmoH$arÀ¶m {Z{‘ÎmmZo J¥hàdoe Pmbm. ‘w§~B©V ¶oD$Z ñWm{¶H$ Pmë¶m‘wio Am‘M§ JmdM§ Ka ~§X Agm¶M§. ˶m‘wio {VWo H$Yr ‘mP§ OmU§ Pmbob§ Zmhr. H$moH$UmVbr Jmd§ Cnio ho aËZm{Jar {OëømVë¶m amOmnya VmbwŠ¶mVb§ EH$ N>moQ>§ AZw^dʶmMr hr ‘mPr n{hbrM doi hmoVr. amOmnyahÿZ [ajm {ZKmbr Jmd. gw‘mao 918 hoŠQ>a joÌ’$i Am{U Odinmg 1100 bmoH$g§»¶m. Am{U AOw©Zm ZXrdaMm nyb Amobm§Sy>Z, ‘w§~B©-Jmodm hm¶doZo WmoS§> A§Va Cnù¶mÀ¶m nyd}bm VioImOU, n{ü‘obm Vmai, Va CÎmaobm OwdmR>r H$mnyZ hm{Vdbo ’$mQ>çmbm COdrH$S>o dibr. Am~mgmho~ ‘amR>o Aer Jmd§ AmhoV. X{jUog ewH$ ZXr Amho. hr ZXr {eamio Jmdr CJ‘ ‘hm{dÚmb¶ nma Ho$b§ H$s OwdmR>r {VR>çmM§ ‘moR>§ diU bmJV§. diU§, nmdVo d nwT>o ImaonmQ>U, qàXmdU, Cnio ¶m Jmdm§Zm g‘¥Õ H$aV

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N>Ìo ho ˶m§À¶mn¡H$sM. AmOhr {e‘½¶mV J«m‘XodVm§À¶m {dgmOr nmb»¶m àW‘ N>Ìo dR>mamV {‘adV Zoë¶m OmVmV. ‘J Ho$ed bobo ¶m§Zm BVa {R>H$mUr ZoVmV. ˶m§Mo d§eO M¡Vݶ N>Ìo AmO noeì¶m§Zr '~gUr' Jmd BZm‘ naV JmdmV Ambo AgyZ ˶m§Zr JmdmV {Xb§. "nmoIa~md' åhUyZ AmoiIbr {X‘mIXma ~§ J bm ~m§ Y bm Amho . AmVm OmUmar nm¶è¶m§Mr {dhra ˶m§Zr godm{Zd¥ÎmrZ§VaM§ Am¶wî¶ JmdmgmR>r H$mhrVar JmdmV ~m§Ybr. JmdmVyZ OmUmao-¶oUmao ^ard H$aʶmV ì¶VrV H$aʶmMm ˶m§Mm ‘mZg YZlr Omoer dmQ>gê$ ~amo~a AmUbobr {eXmoar Amho. 94206 96319 {d{harH$mR>r ImD$Z {VM§ ‘Ywa nmUr {dgmOr Ho $ ed bo b o ho Wmo a ë¶m {nD$Z V¥á hmoV. ˶m§M§ ~gʶmM§ ‘mYdamd noeì¶m§À¶m H$mimV Zmdmê$nmbm aËZm{Jar ehamÀ¶m CÎmaobm gw‘mao AmR> h¸$mM§ {R>H$mU åhUyZ JmdmM§ Ambob§ ~gUrVb§ Xþga§ ì¶{º$‘Îd. Vo dgB©Mo {H$bmo‘rQ>a A§Vamda aËZm{Jar-JUnVrnwio ¶m gmJar Zmd '~gUr' nS>b§. gw^oXma hmoVo. ˶m§À¶m H$m‘{Jarda àgÞ hmoD$Z ‘hm‘mJm©da Am‘M§ ~gUr ho Jmd dgb§ Amho. AmVm no e ì¶m§ Zr ˶m§Zm '~gUr' Jmd BZm‘ {Xb§. ˶m§Zr ~gUr ñdV§Ì ApñVËd àmá Pmbob§ ~gUr åhUOo nydu EH$ N>moQ>r JmdmV H$m‘oœa Am{U {dœoœa hr XmoZ {ed‘§{Xa§ ~m§Ybr. dmS>r hmoVr. Eo{Vhm{gH$ H$mbI§S>mVgwÜXm ¶m dmS>rMm C„oI "nmoIa~md' åhUyZ AmoiIbr OmUmar nm¶è¶m§Mr EH$ {dhra ˶m§Zr AmT>iVmo. Am‘À¶m Kar nyd©Om§Zr OnyZ R>odboë¶m Añgb Eo{Vhm{gH$ JmdmV ~m§Ybr. JmdmVyZ OmUmao-¶oUmao dmQ>gê$ ~amo~a AmUbobr H$mJXnÌm§dê$Z JmdmÀ¶m B{Vhmgmda àH$me Q>mH$Vm ¶oVmo. Am‘Mo H$mH$m {eXmo ar {d{harH$mR>r ImD$Z {VM§ ‘Ywa nmUr {nD$Z V¥á hmoV. ˶m§M§ naewam‘ H$‘bmH$a Omoer ¶m§Zr ‘yi ‘moS>r^mfoV CnbãY Agboë¶m ~gʶmM§ h¸$mM§ {R>H$mU åhUyZ JmdmM§ Zmd '~gUr' nS>b§ Ag§ XñVEodOmdê$Z JmdmMm B{Vhmg CnbãY H$ê$Z {Xbm. ˶m JmdMr d¥ÜX ‘§S>ir gm§JVmV. AmO JmdmV boë¶m§M§ EH$ {H$amUm‘mbmM§ H$mJXnÌmV ~gUr JmdmMm C„oI "dmS>m ~gU, ‘m¡Oo nwgmio, H$¶m©V XþH$mZ Amho. bobo d{hZr, XmoKr Omdm A˶§V gwJaU AmhoV. JmdmV Zodao, àm§V amOmnya' ¶m eãXmV Ho$bobm AmT>iVmo. aËZm{JarnmgyZ Ambo ë¶m hm¡er n¶©Q>H$m§Zm ˶m§À¶m hmVMo Img H$moH$UñWr nÜXVrMo CÎmaog n§Yam-gmoim {H$bmo‘rQ>adaM§ 'Zodao' ho Jmd H$¶m©VrM§ {R>H$mU nXmW© åhUOo ‘oOdmZrM dmQ>Vo. ~ma‘mhr ’w$bUmam ‘moJam ˶m§Zr åhUyZ AmoiIb§ Om¶M§. "H$¶m©V' åhUOo AmOÀ¶m VmbwŠ¶mnojm Amnë¶m eoVmV bmdbm Amho. A˶§V AmH$f©H$ JOao, hma H$aU§ hr WmoS>m bhmZ Agbobm ^y^mJ. ~gUr~amo~aM gS>¶o, {na§XdUo, OyZ, ˶m§Mr Im{g¶V Amho. Img H$moH$UmVb§ Qw>‘Xma Ka, nag~mJ, JmoR>m H$mgmadobr ¶m dmS>çm§Mmhr ¶mV g‘mdoe hmoVm. AmVm ˶m dmS>çm§Zm ~Km¶Mm Agob Va AmdOy©Z boë¶m§À¶m Kambm ^oQ> Úmdr. JmdmMm XOm© àmá Pmë¶m‘wio "‘m¡Oo nwgmio' ¶m ZmdmM§ ^m¡Jmo{bH$ H$mio C’©$ Xm^moiH$a ho gwÜXm ~gUrVë¶m AmÚ Kamʶm§n¡H$sM ZH$memVyZ CƒmQ>Z Pmb§ Amho. EH$ KamU§. H$mio ‘yiMo Xm^moiH$a. ˶m§Mo kmV ‘yi nwê$f am‘mOr B.g. 1495 À¶m gw‘mamg {MVio^Å> ZmdmÀ¶m EH$m J¥hñWmZo AZ§V Xm^moiH$a. 1761 À¶m nm{ZnVÀ¶m ¶wÜXmV noeì¶m§À¶m ~mOyZo EH$ Aï>H$moZr Vi§ ~m§Yb§ hmoV§. ˶mÀ¶m ‘ܶ^mJr EH$ ñV§^ C^mabobm bT> VmZm ˶m§Zm dra‘aU àmá Pmb§. nwT>o ˶m§À¶m d§eOm§Zm hmoVm åhUyZ Vo AmOhr 'Im§~Vi§' ¶m ZmdmZo AmoiIb§ OmV§. nwgmio Ah‘XZJa {OëhmV AH$moiZoa JmdMr Ohm{JaXmar {‘imbr. Vo gJio BWo ñWm{¶H$ Pmbob§ AmÚ KamU§ N>Ͷm§M§. ˶m§Zm JmdÀ¶m {VH$S>oM ñWm{¶H$ Pmbo Agbo Var JmdmVë¶m bú‘rHo$ed ‘§{XamMm ga‘hmOZH$sMm ‘mZ hmoVm. adiZmW ¶m ~gUrÀ¶m J«m‘XodVoMr OrUm}Õma ˶m§Zr Ho$bm. JmdmV XmoZ Vir ~m§Ybr. J«m‘XodVm§À¶m ñWmnZm ˶m§Zr Ho$br. adiZmWmMr ~hrU ‘hmbú‘r hr JmdMr à‘wI ‘§ {Xam^modVr {Mao~§Xr nmodir Am{U ‘§{XamH$S>o OmʶmgmR>r ’$ag~§Xr J«m‘XodVm. N>Ìo Hw$Qw>§~r¶ nwT>o Jmd gmoSy>Z nwʶm‘w§~B©bm ñWm{¶H$ Pmb§. nmImS>çm ˶m§Zr ~m§Yë¶m d JmdH$è¶m§À¶m ‘ZmV ñWmZ {‘idb§. nwʶmÀ¶m S>o¸$Z H$m°boOmVbo ZmdmObobo J{UVmMo àmܶmnH$ Ho$ê$ZmZm 33

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 JmdmV EH$ H$m{ZQ>H$a dR>ma hmoV§. 1937 gmbr Pmboë¶m Eo{Vhm{gH$ àm§{VH$ {ZdS>UwH$m§V {ZdSy>Z Jobobo qhXÿ ‘hmg^oMo am‘^mD$ H$m{ZQ>H$a Am{U H$m±J«ogMo dra dm‘Zamd Omoer ho XmoKohr ‘yiMo ~gUr JmdMoM. ˶mH$mir gmdaH$admXr {dMmagaUrMm à^md JmdmV H$mhr OUm§da hmoVm. doVmoerMo ^mdo ImoV hmoVo. ˶m§Zr gh^moOZmMm H$m¶©H«$‘ AmIbm hmoVm. ñdmV§Í¶dra gmdaH$am§Zm Am‘§{ÌV Ho$b§ hmoV§. JmdmVb§ Am‘M§ Omoer KamU§hr nwamVZ. KamʶmMo AmÚ nwê$f Kma Omoer H$g~m g§J‘oœa BWyZ gw‘mao 1650 À¶m gw‘mamg ~gUrV ñWm{¶H$ Pmbo. ˶m§Mo nUVy Ym|S>^Å> Omoer ¶m§Zr JmdmV JUnVrM§ XoD$i ~m§Yb§. EH$ Zm‘m§{H$V Á¶mo{Vfr ¶m Zm˶mZo ˶m§Mm bm¡{H$H$ noeì¶m§n¶©V nmohmoMbm hmoVm. JUnVrÀ¶m nyOmAM}gmR>r ˶m§Zm noedo Xa~mamVyZ à{Vdfu ‘mZYZ (AZwXmZ) {‘iV Ago. Ym|S>^Å> Omoer ¶m§Zr 1761 nmgyZ JmdmV gmd©O{ZH$ ñdê$nmMm JUoemoËgd gwê$ Ho$bm. AmOhr ˶m§Mo d§eO ^mÐnX ‘{hݶmV ‘moR>çm {X‘mImV JUoemoËgd gmOam H$aVmV. 'Zdgmbm nmdUmam JUnVr' åhUyZ n§MH«$moerV ˶mMr »¶mVr Amho. ¶mM KamʶmVbo XÎmm̶ JOmZZ Omoer, àdMZH$ma, {gÜXhñV boIH$, H$dr, '^JdmZ AÊUm' åhUyZ && lr adiZmW && n§MH«$moerV n[a{MV hmoVo. A˶§V agmi ^mJdV H$Wm Vo gm§JV AgV. H$mH$m§Zr EH$ ‘Ooera AmR>dU gm§{JVbr. Amnë¶m JmdmV ^JdmZ AÊUm am‘m¶Umda àdMZ H$aV. ˶m§Zm "am‘m¶UaËZ' hr nXdr Ho$ed qeXo ZmdmMm EH$ ‘mUyg hmoVm. bmoH$ ˶mbm "Ho$em' ZmdmZo hmH$ {‘imbr hmoVr. Amnë¶m KamÀ¶m n[agamV ˶m§Zr 'épŠ‘Ur a‘Um'M§ ‘marV. XemdVmar Ioi¶mV Vmo Am§Jgm|J§ AmUm¶Mm. JmdmV Hw$R>o b¾ gw§Xa ‘§{Xa ~m§Yb§. ˶mÀ¶m Xe©ZmZo IS>Va Agbobm {ddmh¶moJ Xÿa Pmb§ H$s amÌr Ioi¶m§Mm H$m¶©H«$‘ ìhm¶MmM! ˶mV Ho$ed Zoh‘r {dZmoXr hmoD$Z {ddmh bdH$a OwiyZ ¶oVmo Aer bmoH$m§Mr lÜXm Amho. AmVm nmÌ AmUm¶Mm. ˶mdoir àojH$m§V ZddYy Am{U da ZQy>Z WQy>Z ~gV. ^JdmZ AÊUm ZmhrV nU ˶m§Mo d§eO ’$mëJwZ ‘{hݶmV ‘moR>çm EH$Xm Ho$emM§M b¾ bmJb§. Amnë¶m ~m¶H$moeoOmar Ioio ~Km¶bm Vmo à‘mUmda ê$pŠ‘Ur a‘UmMm CËgd AmOhr gmOam H$aVmV. ~gbm hmoVm. am‘amdU ¶wÕmMm àg§J g§në¶mda Am§Jgm|Jm§Mm H$m¶©H«$‘ ‘hmbú‘r, adiZmW hr J«m‘X¡dV§ AmgnmgÀ¶m ~mam gwê$ Pmbm Am{U Ho$edÀ¶m A§JmV g§Mma Pmbm. ~m¶H$mobm {VWoM JmdmVë¶m bmoH$m§Mr lÜXmñWmZ§ AmhoV. ‘§{Xa n[agamV lmdUmV gmV gmoSy>Z Vmo Amnb§ gm|J AmUm¶bm CR>bm Am{U M¸$ ˶mMm H$m¶©H«$‘ gwê$ {Xdg AI§S> Zm‘ñ‘aUmMm Kmof Mmby AgVmo. JmdmVë¶m bú‘rPmbm. hmVmV bmH$S>r Vbdma {’$adrV JmU§ åhUV Vmo ZmMm¶bm Ho$ed ‘§{XamV XrS>eo dfmªnmgyZ H$m{V©H$sMm H$mH$S> AmaVr CËgd bmJbm. ˶mÀ¶m JmʶmMo eãX ‘bm AmOhr AmR>dVmV, AmOVmJm¶V gmOam Ho$bm OmV Amho. H$m{V©H$ A‘mdñ¶obm J«m‘X¡dVm§À¶m n[agamV '~JmS>' hmoV Ago. nydu ~JmS>mV naJmdMo ^m§J {Q>„o {Q>„o H$aZr... ì¶mnmar {Za{Zamù¶m àH$maMm ‘mb AmUyZ {dH$V AgV. ˶mdoir ~JmS> ~gdUma ~gZ H$aZr.. ñWm{ZH$ bmoH$m§Zm ~mOmahmQ> H$aʶmMr g§Yr {‘iV Ago. ˶m {Xder ImOZmV nmgë¶m AmaoH$aUr BS>m-nrS>m Q>miʶmgmR>r ‘§{XamV OmD$Z amIUm XoʶmMr nÜXV Amho. ‘wbo IVZm aZr H$mbXod H$aZr '~JmS>' åhUOo ‘mZobm qH$dm H$‘aobm AmH$S>m Q>moMyZ KoD$Z Vem ^m§J {Q>„o {Q>„o H$aZr. pñWVrV C§M Im§~mda AmS>ì¶m ~gdboë¶m dmembm (bmQ>) Q>m§JyZ ˶mMr ~m¶H$mo Zdè¶mM§ H$g~ ~KyZ EH$X‘ Iwe Pmbr Am{U JmobmH$ma {’$adU§. nwT>o B§J«Om§À¶m H$mimV hr AKmoar nÜXV ~§X Ho$br J§‘V åhUOo Vrhr ˶mÀ¶m~amo~a ZmMm¶bm bmJbr. H$mH$m§Zm AmOhr Vr Jobr. AmOhr Vmo ~JmS>mMm Im§~ ˶m {R>H$mUr nhm¶bm {‘iVmo. AmR>dU gm§JVmZm hgy AmdaV ZìhV§. {e‘½¶mÀ¶m gw‘mamg J«m‘XodVm§À¶m nmb»¶m gOdyZ JmdmV KamoKar noedoH$mbrZ B{Vhmg Agboë¶m EH$m N>moQ>çm JmdmMm AmVm Zoë¶m OmVmV. Eo{Vhm{gH$ H$mimnmgyZ amUo ZmdmM§ ‘amR>m KamU§ hiyhiy H$m¶mnmbQ> hmoD$ bmJbm¶. JmdmV {Oëhm n[afXoMr àmW{‘H$ XodrMo à‘wI ‘mZH$ar åhUyZ AmoiIb§ OmV§. ¶O‘mZm§gmR>r JmèhmU§ emim ñdmV§Í¶nyd© H$mimnmgyZM hmoVr. ñdmV§Í¶moÎma H$mimV JmdmV KmbʶmMm ‘mZ ˶m§Mm. XemdVmar Ioio hm H$moH$UmVë¶m ‘mܶ{‘H$ emim gwê$ Pmbr. ¶m emioV {ejU KoVbobo, {ddoH$ dg§V bmoH$ZmQ>çmMm àH$ma. ~gUrVë¶m ImonQ>H$am§Mo Ioio EHo$ H$mir à{gÜX {^S>o ho AmVm aËZm{JarVë¶m JmoJQ>o-OmoJioH$a ‘hm{dÚmb¶mV hmoVo. 1935 gmbr àm. Zm. gr. ’$S>Ho$ ¶m§À¶m AܶjVoImbr Pmboë¶m CnàmMm¶© AmhoV. nXmW©{dkmZ emIoV nr.EM.S>r g§nmXZ Ho$boë¶m ‘amR>r gm{h˶ g§‘obZmV Ioio gmXa H$aʶmgmR>r ImonQ>H$am§À¶m {^S>o gam§Zm Indian Association of Physics Teachers Mo ‘w»¶ ‘§S>imbm Img Am‘§ÌU hmoV§. à{V{Z{YËd H$aʶmMr g§Yr {‘iV Amho. ˶mM~amo~a 2022 gmbr pñdËPbªS> BWo hmoUmè¶m OmJ{VH$ nXmW©{dkmZ Am°{bpån¶mS> ñnY}gmR>r ‘mJ©Xe©Z H$aUmè¶m {ejH$m§M§ à{V{Z{YËd H$aʶmMr Am{U {dÚm϶mªZm ‘mJ©Xe©Z H$aʶmMr g§Yr {‘iV Amho. hm EH$ ‘moR>m ~hþ‘mZ Amho. 34

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr Am‘Mo {dÚmWu Hw$R>ohr H$‘r ZmhrV ho gm§JUmam. JmdmVë¶m emioV {ejU KoVbobo Ago AZoH$OU AmO Xoe{dXoemV JmdmMm bm¡{H$H$ dmT>dV AmhoV. JmdmV {Oëhmn[afX ‘mݶVm àmá J« § W mb¶ Amho . J«§Wmb¶m‘m’©$V JmdmV {d{dY H$m¶©H«$‘ Am¶mo{OV Ho$bo OmVmV. JmdmV nydunmgyZM ZmQ>H§$ ~gdbr Om¶Mr. AmOhr bmoJS>o, lr{Zdmg Omoer d JmdmVbo Vê$U CËgmhr a§JH$‘u hm¡goZo ZmQ>H$ ~gdVmV. amÁ¶ ZmQ>ç ñnY}Vhr JmdmVë¶m H$bmH$mam§Zr CÎm‘ ¶e {‘idb§ Amho. Á¶oð> a§JH$‘u XmXm bmoJS>o ¶m§M§ Zmd AmOhr AmXamZo KoVb§ OmV§. JmdmV {gQ>r ~g ¶oD$ bmJë¶mnmgyZ aËZm{Jar eha JmdmOdi Amb§¶. gmJar ‘hm‘mJ© JmdmVyZ OmV Agë¶mZo JmdmMm PnmQ>çmZo {dH$mg hmoVmo¶. EH$m ~mOybm gd© ehar gmo¶rgw{dYm, nU em§V {ZgJm©À¶m gm{ÞܶmV Agbob§ Jmd åhUyZ nwʶm-‘w§~B©Vbo MmH$a‘mZr godm{Zd¥ÎmrZ§Va JmdmV Ka ~m§YyZ KoD$Z amhʶmbm ng§Vr XoV Agë¶mZo Qw>‘Xma ~§Jbo JmdmV Zì¶mZo C^o ahmVmZm {XgV AmhoV. ‘amR>r {MÌnQ>, ‘m{bH$m ¶m§M§ eyqQ>J {Z¶{‘V hmoV Agbobm Amao-dmao g‘wÐ{H$Zmam hm JmdmÀ¶m OdiM Agë¶mZo, Vg§M JUnVrnwio Odi Agë¶mZo JmdmMm AmVm n¶©Q>Z H|$Ð åhUyZ {dH$mg hmoD$ bmJbm Amho.

2022

nmoIa~m§d, ~gUr

35

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$

gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr

2022

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Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 Aï>‘rbm gmb~mXodrMm CËgd Ago hmoV AgVmV. AmfmT>mV éÐmÀ¶m ‘§ÌKmofmV {d‘boœamda g§VVYma Yê$Z "gwd¥ï>r' gmR>r éÐmZwð>mZ nma nS>V§. JmonmiH$më¶mMm CËgmhnyU© H$m¶©H«$‘ hmoVmo. g‘mO^mZ Am{U gm‘m{OH$ O~m~XmarMr OmUrd ho Am‘À¶m ‘wS>uM§ AmUIr EH$ d¡{eîQ>ç. JmdmV EH$‘oH$m§À¶m AmZ§XmV Am{U Xþ…ImV gh^mJr hmoU§ ho Va Zoho‘rM§M. H$ma{Jb ¶wÕmÀ¶m doiog JmdmVbo gU-CËgd aÔ H$ê$Z ˶mVbo dmMbobo n¡go A{YH$ J«m‘ñWm§Zr AmUIr ^a KmbyZ Vr a¸$‘ n§VàYmZ {ZYrbm nmR>dbr hm ˶mMmM EH$ ^mJ. ~hþVm§e Hw$Qw>§~§ hr g§K{dMmagaUrMr Agë¶mZo g§KemIm gwê$M AgVmV. ˶mVyZ hr gm‘m{OH$ Om{Ud ¶oV Agmdr. JmdmVë¶m EH$mM KamVyZ EHy$U VrZ g§KàMmaH$ {ZKmbo AmhoV. ¶mM§ ‘hÎd ¶m {df¶mMr {d{dYVm. H$mhrOU nma§n[aH$ nm¡amo{h˶ H$aUmao AmhoV, Vohr Ho$di OmUrd AgUmè¶m§ZmM H$iob. 1992 À¶m A¶moܶm BWë¶m dmagm Amho åhUyZ Zìho Va ˶mVb§ OmñVrV OmñV kmZ {‘idyZ, H$magodoÀ¶m doir JmdmVbr AZoH$ ‘§S>ir H$magodobm A¶moܶobm Jobr {Za{Zamio {dYr AmË‘gmV H$aV, ˶mVbo g§nyU© Vk ~ZyZ nm¡amo{h˶ hmoVr. ˶mV AmB©dS>rb d XmoZ ‘wb§ Ag§ EH$ g§nyU© Hw$Qw>§~hr gm‘rb H$aVmV. ˶m§Zr Amnë¶m ‘wbm§Zm bhmZnUrM dmUr ewÕ ìhmdr, hmoV§. {VH$S>o H$m¶ hmoB©b, naV ¶oD$ H$s Zmhr Aer AemœVr AgVmZm g§ñH¥$VmV nma§JV ìhmd§ åhUyZ nmR>emioV KmVb§ Amho. bhmZ d¶mnmgyZ am‘MrM H¥$nm åhUyZ gd©OU gwIê$n naV Ambo, nU 'ea¶y bmb H$sV©Z EoH$Umè¶m BWë¶m VéUm§‘YyZ H$sV©ZH$ma KS>V AmhoV. ‘wbJo Pmbr' Aer n[apñWVr AgVmZm Vo OrdmdaM§M gmhg hmoV§. {edm¶ ømM JmdmV OÝ‘bobo, dmT>bobo, d CÚmoOH$VoM§ ~miH$Sy> ߶m¶bobo, 1948 À¶m g§K~§XrV Am{U 1975 À¶m AmUr~mUrV g˶mJ«h H$ê$Z nU gwZm? ehamV dmT>boë¶m ‘wbr gwZm åhUyZ øm JmdmV ¶oD$Z ¶oWrb Vwé§JmV OmUmè¶m§Mr g§»¶m gwÕm ZJʶ ZìhVr! g§ñH¥$Vrer EH$ê$n hmoVmV Voìhm ˶m§Mo H$m¡VwH$ Ho$ë¶mdmMyZ amhdV Zmhr. ‘wS>u Jmd ho gd©Ì CÚ‘ZJar åhUyZ Iyn à{gÕ Amho. Am‘ag VgoM CÚmoJr Am{U ñd¶§nyU© Pmë¶mg IoS>oJmdmVrb ‘wbm§Mrhr b¾o S>~o hdm~§X H$ê$Z ^aʶmMo CÚmoJ AmVm Odinmg KamoKar MmbVmV. Mm§Jë¶m ‘wbter hmoVmV! AmO gaH$mar ZmoH$è¶m {‘iʶmMr gwVam‘ nU ˶mMm nm¶m KmbUmao AmÚ àdV©H$ ‘wS>uVbo AmhoV. aËZm{Jar eŠ¶Vm ZgVmZm, AmajUmÀ¶m ZmdmZo AmaS>mAmoaS>m H$ê$Z gaH$maÀ¶m {OëømV Or n{hbr VrZ H°$qZJ ¶w{ZQ> 1962 gmbr {ZKmbr ˶mVb§ ZmdmZo IS>o ’$moS>ʶmEodOr BWo à˶oH$OU ZmoH$ar XoUmam Pmbm¶. EH$ ‘wS>u‘ܶo Amho. XiUdiUmMr Anwar gmYZ§, gmYZg‘wJ«rMm Am‘À¶m ‘mhoadm{eUrgwÕm {OWo Hw$R>o Joë¶m AmhoV, ‘hmZJa Agmo H$s A^md, JmdmV drO Zmhr, EdT>§M H$m¶, Va Voìhm ~hþg§»¶ OZVobm IoS>oJmd Agmo, OmVrb {VWo H$mhr Zm H$mhr CÚmoJ H$ê$Z ˶m§Zr {Q>Z’y$S> H$m¶ AgV§ ˶mMr H$ënZm Zmhr, Aem H$mimV Am§ã¶mgma»¶m CÚ‘ZJarVbm ‘mhoaMm dmagm Onbm Amho. Zm{ed§V nXmWm©Mm ì¶dgm¶ gwê$ H$aU§, Vmo Zmdmê$nmbm AmUU§, Am{U JmdmV gJioOU {Xdg^a ^anya H$ï> H$aVmV. g§Ü¶mH$mir {edm¶ Amnë¶mgmaIoM AZoH$OU ¶m CÚmoJmV ¶oD$ nmhV AmhoV ˶m§Zm Hw$UmÀ¶m Var Kar Jßnm§Mo ’$S> O‘dVmV. ‘moXtnmgyZ Vo A‘o[aHo$À¶m C^mar XoU§ ho gd© ‘wS>uVë¶m ¶m AmÚ H°$qZJdmë¶m§Zr Ho$b§ Amho. amï´>mܶjm§n¶ªV gdmªZm ‘mo’$V g„o XoVmV. CËgdmV N>mZ N>mZ ZmQ>H§$ ¶m{edm¶ AZoH$ H$moH$Ur CËnmXZ§ Am{U n¶©Q>ZmMm ì¶dgm¶hr ‘wS>uV ~gdVmV, JmʶmMo H$m¶©H«$‘ H$aVmV, {d{dY dmÚ dmOdVmV, ^OZ ~habm Amho. a§JdVmV, H$Yr gh^moOZmMr A§JVn§JV ~gVo, {OWo ~§YwdJ© ñd¶§nmH$ Am‘À¶m ‘wS>u JmdmV {ejH$ d Aݶ H$mhr AndmX dJibo Va H$ê$Z ‘mVm^{JZtZm Am¶V§ ImD$ KmbVmV. ~ñg! amOmgmaIo amhVmV, Hw$Urhr ZmoH$ar H$aV Zmhr. CbQ> AmOy~mOyÀ¶m bmoH$m§Zm ZmoH$è¶m {Xë¶m AmUIr H$m¶ hd§ ‘hmamOm? OmVmV. ~hþVoH$ gJio bhmZ‘moR>o CÚmoOH$. CÚmoJmVhr {H$VrVar

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Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 dmS>çmMo AS>{H$Îmo, gw-¶m, {dù¶m, ~§XþH$m B. nmobmXr dñVyhr gd©Ì Aݶ H«$sS>m ñnYm©hr KoVë¶m OmVmV. amï´>go{dH$m g{‘VrMr emIm à{gÕ AmhoV. ˶mVhr AS>{H$Îmo IynM à{gÕ AmhoV. dmS>mVaÀ¶m Odi-Odi 25 dfª JmdmV Mmbbr. Jobr OdiOdi 40 dfª dmS>m ImS>rV ‘{hbm ~MV JQ>mZo H$mbdo -àH$ën ¶eñdrnUo nyU© Ho$bm. JmdÀ¶m ‘{hbm, JOmZZ ‘hmamO àH$Q>{XZ gmohim nma nmS>VmV. ˶mZ§Va ¶mM dmS>rV CëH$m Omoer (bopIH$m) gan§M AgVmZm OZy^mD$ Omoer, ZmZm dobUH$a, Am~m qeXo, ‘hmXodeoR> ¶yEZS>rnrZo n¶©Q>Z àH$ënmgmR>r ‘moR>r Am{W©H$ ‘XV {Xbr. dmS>mVa Ho$gaH$a, amOm^mD$ na~, ~miyH$mH$m na~, ‘moVram‘ ‘oór, aËZmo~m ImS>r n[agamM§ {ZgJ©XÎm gm¢X¶© d {VWë¶m ‘{hbm§Mm H$ï>miynUm ¶mM§ VmdS>o, ZHw$i OmYd, Am~m OmYd d AZoH$ H$m¶©H$˶mªM§ dmS>çmÀ¶m ho JmoS> ’$i Amho. dmS>mVa ImS>r n[agamV Am{U ‘yi~m§YdmS>r ZXr gdmªJrU {dH$mgmgmR>r ^ard ¶moJXmZ Amho. d¡Ú {dîUy Omoer AJXr n[agamV nmD$UeohÿZ A{YH$ àOmVtÀ¶m nú¶m§Mm A{Ydmg Amho. Aën XamV é½Ugodm H$arV. S>m°. {d. dm. ZoZo hohr Ðï>o H$m¶©H$V} hmoVo. AmOhr JmdmV S>m°. ho‘§V Omoer, S>m°. nyOm ‘mbnoH$a ho godmd¥ÎmrZo dmS>çmVbo bmoH$ ZmQ>çào‘r AmhoV. nydu AZoH$ àH$maMr d¡ÚH$s¶ godm XoVmV. ZmQ>H§$ ~gdbr OmV. nwT>o H$mbm¡KmV Vr na§nam ~§X nS>br. 1985 ‘ܶo dmS>m hm¶ñHy$bÀ¶m AmdmamV "Vm˶m {^S>o g^mJ¥h' ¶m ZmdmZo àeñV EH$ N>moQ>rer J§‘V gm§Jm¶Mr Pmbr Va nydu JmdmVyZ d¡^ddmS>r g^mJ¥h C^§ am{hb§. ˶mZ§Va 1986 gmbmnmgyZ dmS>m hm¶ñHy$bZo ¶m Jmdr OmUm-¶m ~gbm H$mhr bmoH$ "d¡^dJmS>r' åhUV, Va ‘wUJoH$a amÁ¶ñVar¶ EH$m§{H$H$m ñnYm© gwê$ Ho$br. ‘w§~B©, gmVmam, H$moëhmnya, AmS>ZmdmÀ¶m gam§Zm {dÚmWu "‘wUJoga' åhUV. S>m°.‘mbnoH$aZm nZdob, aËZm{Jar B. {R>H$mUm§hÿZhr XO}Xma g§K ¶m ñnY}V ^mJ KoV. "‘mbnona ‘°S>‘' åhUV! añ˶mdê$Z OmUm-¶m ~gMm ˶m§À¶m Jmdm§À¶m qgYwXþJ© {OëømVbo AZoH$ g§K hOoar bmdrV. JmdH$-¶m§Zm Am{U ZmdmZo C„oI Z H$aVm "E‘² EM²-1749 Jobr' Ago åhUV! hm ‘wbm§Mm VmbwH$mdmgr¶ ZmQ>ça{gH$m§gmR>r hr nd©UrM dmQ>V Ago. dmS>m AmdS>Vm Ioi hmoVm! hm¶ñHy$b H$mQ>oH$moa {Z¶moOZ H$ê$Z, hr Midi 25 dfª MmbdV hmoVo. JmdmVë¶m "A‘aÁ¶moV {H«$Ho$Q> Šb~' V’©$ Xadfu {H«$Ho$Q>Mo gm‘Zo d

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1985 ‘Yo dmS>çmÀ¶m ImS>rda ~m§Ybobm nyb gwê$ Pmbm. EgQ>rÀ¶m ’o$-¶m {dO¶XþJ© Vo XodJS> Aem gwê$ Pmë¶m. BVa XiUdiUmMr gmYZ§ dmT>br. ˶mZ§Va AMmZH$ Am§ã¶mÀ¶m {Z¶m©Vrbm MmbZm {‘imbr Am{U Eadr XodJS>À¶m ZH$memda EImÚm {R>nŠ¶mgmaI§ AgUma§ ho Jmd AmVm agaerV hmnyg Am§ã¶mà‘mUo PiHy$ bmJb§. H$moUo EHo$ H$mir ‘arAmB©Mm JmS>m JmdmV {’$adʶmMr nÕV hmoVr. Jmdmdarb BS>mnrS>m Q>imdr hr ˶m‘mJMr ^mdZm! nydu ¶m JmdmV gVr àWm hmoVr. ˶m§Mm YJYJVm B{Vhmg g‘mYrÀ¶m ê$nmZo AOyZhr {Od§V Amho. nwT>o hr A{Zï> àWm ~§X nS>br. EHo$H$mir Eg.Q>r.À¶m {dO¶XþJ© S>onmo‘ܶo ZmoH$arbm AgUmao AmVmMo ZmdmObobo gm{hp˶H$ ‘Yw ‘§Joe H${U©H$ C’©$ ‘Yw^mB© ho C‘oXdmarÀ¶m H$mimV dmS>m dmMZmb¶mV ¶oV AgV. {VWbr nwñVH§$ dmMV AgV. lrnmX H$mio ho ˶m§Zm JwéñWmZr hmoVo. Z§Va ‘w§~B©bm Zmo H $ar{Z{‘Îm Jo ë ¶mdahr ˶m§ M r dmS> ç mer Zmi Omo S > b o b r am{hbr.˶m§À¶m 'H$mVi' øm nwñVH$mM§ àH$meZhr lrnmX H$mio ¶m§À¶m hñVo dmS>m BWoM Pmb§. ‘§Xm{H$Zr JmoS>go, AZwamYm Xr{jV, S>m°.‘mYwar Omoer-MìhmU, aU{OV {hb}H$a,gmJa H${U©H$ Ago {H$VrVar gm{hp˶H$ KS>{dʶmV dmMZmb¶mÀ¶m gm{hp˶H$ CnH«$‘m§M§ ‘moR>§ ¶moJXmZ Amho. ZQ>d¶© ^mobmam‘ AmR>dbo, ñdmV§Í¶goZmZr ^mñH$a {dîUy ’$S>Ho$, amd~hmXÿa AmMaoH$a (‘w§~B©Mo ‘mOr nmobrg Cnm¶wº$) Aer AZoH$ ‘mUg§ dmS>m ¶m JmdmZo {Xbr. ’$Ugo BWë¶m Ho$iH$a Hw$Qw>§{~¶m§Zr Amnbr O‘rZ Am{U H$b‘~mJ BWë¶m emiogmR>r CXma ‘ZmZo XoUJrXmIb {Xbr. ˶m‘wio dmS>m XeH«$moerVë¶m ‘wbm§À¶m {ejUmMr gmo¶ Pmbr. AݶWm {ejUmgmR>r ˶m§Zm ZOrH$À¶m amOmnya VmbwŠ¶mV AJa AÝ¶Ì Omd§ bmJV Ago.

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dmS>m JmdmMm {bpIV ñdê$nmV B{Vhmg AmT>iV Zmhr. nU Owݶm-OmU˶m ‘mUgm§H$Sy>Z Vmo EoH$m¶bm {‘iVmo. Iyn nydu ‘yi~m§YdmS>r Vo ZmS>U JmdmVë¶m 'Jm§Jmo'(Jm§Joœa ‘§{Xa) BWn¶ªV ImS>rM§ nmUr AmV {eab§ hmoV§. ˶mVyZ hmoS>rZo ¶o-Om H$amdr bmJo. H$mbm§VamZo ‘yi~m§YdmS>r BWë¶m ~m§Xoœa ‘§{XamnmgyZ ~§Ymao KmbyZ ImS>rM§ nmUr AS>{dʶmV Amb§. ˶m‘wio O‘rZ dmMbr. hiyhiy ZdrZ Jmd dgy bmJb§. VoM ho 'dmS>m' Jmd! Ia§ åhUOo JmdmM§ Zmd 'dmS>o'. nU B§J«Om§À¶m à^mdm‘wio dmS>oM§ 'dmS>m' Pmb§. dmS>m ZmdmMr ì¶wËnÎmr nmhVm JmdmVë¶m ~mam dmS>çm§dê$Z qH$dm ho Jmd hiyhiy dmT>V Job§ åhUyZ 'dmT>o' M§ 'dmS>o' Pmb§ Agmd§, Agm OmUH$mam§Mm A§XmO Amho. gmYmaU nÞmg dfmªnydu ho Jmd BVa Jmdm§à‘mUoM gm‘mݶ hmoV§. nU AMmZH$ H$mhr ñWm{ZH$ bmoH$m§À¶m à¶ËZm§Zr Am{U à¶moJerbVo‘wio AmogmS> O{‘Zrda, S>m|JaCVmam§da hmnyg Am§ã¶mÀ¶m H$b‘m§Mr bmJdS> hmoD$ bmJbr Am{U WmoS>çm à‘mUmda H$m hmoB©Zm Am§ã¶mM§ CËnÞ {‘iy bmJb§. XodJS> n[agamVë¶m hmnyg Am§ã¶mMr àV A{Ve¶ Mm§Jbr hmoVr. ’$imMm AmH$ma, a§J, Md Aem gd©M ~m~VrV BWbm hmnyg gag R>aV hmoVm. ˶m‘wio nydu aËZm{Jar {OëømVM g‘m{dï> AgUmè¶m XodJS> hmnygM§hr Zmd hmoD$ bmJb§. Z§Va 1981 ‘ܶo qgYwXþJ© hm ZdrZ {Oëhm ñWmnZ Pmbm. ˶mV XodJS> VmbwH$m g‘m{dï> H$aʶmV Ambm. n¶m©¶mZo dmS>m Jmdhr XodJS> VmbwŠ¶mV g‘m{dï> Pmb§. 40

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$

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2022

lr {d‘coûda ‘§{Xa 'dmS>m' åhQ>b§ H$s, Hw$Umbmhr nQ²H$Z AmR>dVmV Vo 'AS>{H$Îmo!' ‘hmamï´>^a Vo à{gÕ AmhoV. AmVm Vo dmnam¶M§ à‘mU H$‘r Pmb§, Var dmS>çmVë¶m AS>{H$ζm§Zm Iyn ‘mJUr hmoVr. BWbo H$g~r ‘oór Vo V¶ma H$aV. ˶mVhr ’$º$ gwnmar H$mVam¶Mo ZìhoV, Va BVahr AZoH$ Cn¶moJmMo doJdoJù¶m àH$maMo AS>{H$Îmo BWo V¶ma hmoV. ¶m AS>{H$ζm§Mo nmonQ>r, S>~b nmonQ>r, ~mJnr, gai Ago AZoH$ àH$ma AmhoV. ˶mIoarO H$g~odmS>rVrb H$g~r bmoH$ gwao, {dù¶m, Vbdmar, Jwß˶m, ~§XþH$m B˶mXr bmoI§S>r dñVy ~ZdrV. AWm©V hr 100 dfmªnyduMr Jmoï> Amho. AmOhr H$mhr ‘oór AS>{H$Îmo, {dù¶m Aem AZoH$ dñVy ~ZdVmV. Va H$mhr gwVmaH$m‘mV Am{U ˶mVrb bmH$S>r H$bmHw$garÀ¶m dñVy ~ZdʶmVhr Va~oO AmhoV. dmS>çmÀ¶m EH$m doerda {ZgJ©aå¶ n[agamV lr{d‘boœa ‘§{Xa AI§S> Om§ä¶m XJS>mÀ¶m H$S>çmV H$moabob§ EH$ H$moard boU§ qH$dm {eën Amho. àmMrZ {eënH$boMm Z‘wZm Am{U nm§S>dH$mbrZ boUr åhUyZ ˶mbm ‘hÎd Amho. Amodar, g^m‘§S>n Am{U Jm^mam Ago ˶mMo VrZ ^mJ nS>VmV. ømMm Jm^mam C§Mmda AgyZ nm¶-¶m MTy>Z Omdo bmJVo.Jm^mam JmobmH$ma AgyZ ˶mV ñd¶§^y {edqbJ Amho. g^m‘§S>nmV XmoÝhr g§K~mOybm Amodè¶m AmhoV. OmUH$mam§À¶m åhUʶmZwgma BWo nydu O¡Z ‘§{Xa Agmd§. H$maU ‘§{XamÀ¶m XmoÝhr ~mOybm XmoZ àM§S> hÎmr H$moabobo AmhoV, ˶mda ‘mhÿVhr AmhoV. ‘§{XamOdi EH$ H$mb^¡ad Jw§’$m AmhoV.EH$ N>moQ>§ JUnVr ‘§{Xahr H$moabob§ Amho. nmdgmù¶mV ‘§{XamÀ¶m EH$m ~mOybm nmʶmMm Pam dmhVmo.Va EH$m ~mOybm dmK~ri {XgV§. ‘§{XamÀ¶m XmoÝhr ~mOy§Zr

daÀ¶m ~mOybm MT>V OmUm-¶m KmQ>çm AmhoV.˶m Xodim‘mJyZ daÀ¶m ~mOybm '’$Ugo' JmdmH$S>o OmUm-¶m añ˶mbm OmD$Z {‘iVmV. ‘§{Xamg‘moa ~mam ‘{hZo dmhUmam H$S>oH$nmarVyZ Imbr ¶oUmam ‘moR>m Pam Amho. {VWë¶m a{hdmem§Mr ~mam ‘{hݶm§Mr nmʶmMr JaO Vmo ^mJdVmo. Pè¶mÀ¶m WmoS>çm daÀ¶m ~mOybm XmoZ W§S>Jma nmʶmMr n{dÌ Hw§$S>§ AmhoV. ‘§{XamÀ¶m AmdmamV Zi¶moOZoÛmao nmUr nwadʶmMr gmo¶ Ho$br Amho. øm AmoT>çmÀ¶m ~ma‘mhr àdmhm‘wio {VWo {hadrJma dZamB©, ‘mS>m-nmo’$irÀ¶m ~mJm Am{U Am§~m-’$UgmMr gmdbr Am{U em§V erVbVm OUy {d‘boœamMm daXhñV Amnë¶mda R>odVo. ¶m ‘§{XamV ‘hm{edamÌrMm ‘moR>m CËgd hmoVmo. AmR>dS>m^a ^OZ,H$sV©Z , nmbIr àX{jUm Ago ^aJƒ H$m¶©H«$‘ AgVmV.Voìhm g§nyU© XodJS> VmbwH$m Xe©ZmgmR>r {VWo bmoQ>Vmo. JmdmV Xa lmdU gmo‘dmar Xodmda A{^foH$, EH$mXîʶm Ho$ë¶m OmVmV. J«m‘ñWm§H$S>o Xa gmo‘dmar ¶m J«m‘X¡dVm§À¶m ZmdmZo KamoKar ‘hmZ¡doÚ XmIdbo OmVmV Am{U VoWrb Jwadm§‘m’©$V Vo Jmoim H$ê$Z Zobo OmVmV. ^m{dH$m§Mr ‘§{XamV Xe©ZmgmR>r arK bmJVo. lr {d‘boœa JmdmÀ¶m doerda amhÿZ JmdmM§ ajU H$aVmo¶. JmdmV Aݶhr AZoH$ Xodmb¶§ AmhoV. JmdR>mU ¶oWrb Xþg-¶m doerdarb am‘‘§{Xa, ~«m÷U dmS>rVrb {dîUy‘§{Xa, nmQ>UH$a ~§Yy§Mo ImOJr XÎm‘§{Xa, Va BVa AmUIr EH$ JUnVr ‘§{Xa, hZw‘mZ ‘§{Xa, ‘m§S>oœa ‘§{Xa, XÎm‘§{Xa B˶mXr. J«m‘X¡dV adiZmW, nmdUmB©, lr‘hmbú‘r ‘§{Xa, ~m§Xoœa ‘§{Xa Aer AZoH$ ‘§{Xa§ AmhoV. ˶m§Mohr {d{dY CËgd gmOao hmoVmV. ˶mVhr nmQ>UH$a ~§Yy§À¶m XÎm‘§{XamMm XÎmO¶§VrMm CËgd Iyn ‘moR>m AgVmo. AmR>dS>m^a àdMZ, H$sV©Z, 41

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr Ama˶m, Am{U XÎmO¶§ V rÀ¶m {Xder amÌr ZmdmObo ë ¶m Jm¶H$,Jm{¶H$m§Mm Jm¶Z godoMm H$m¶©H«$‘ gmXa hmoVmo. AmVmn¶ªV Amem Im{S>bH$a, lwVr gS>mobrH$a, ‘Ywd§Vr Xm§S>oH$a, àëhmX AS>’$S>H$a, Jm¡V‘ ‘wS}>œa, AM©Zm H$mÝhoao , {dœZmW H$mÝhoao, {d¿Zoe Omoer, A{‘V nmܶo Ago {H$VrVar Jm¶H$, dmXH$, {ZdoXH$ hOoar bmdyZ JoboV. dmS>m JmdmV Ym{‘©H$ H$m¶© H$aʶmgmR>r AZoH$ gw{e{jV ~«m÷U ‘wb§ [aVga à{ejU KoD$Z nm¡amo{h˶hr H$aVmV. lrnmX H$mio ho boIH$ Agbo Var Vo XeJ«§Wr ~«m÷U hmoVo. ˶m§Zr Iyn dfª Amnë¶m ImOJr JUnVr ‘§{XamV doXemim gVV MmbdyZ {eî¶ KS>dbo. gd© àH$maÀ¶m g‘§ÌH$ nyOm, nR>U {eH$db§. éÐ, nd‘mZ, AWd©erf©, Xodo B˶mXr àH$ma ‘wbm§IoarO ‘wbtZmhr {eH$dbo. ˶m§À¶mZ§Va ˶m§MoM {eî¶ gwZrb C{H$S>do ¶m§Zr nm¡amo{h˶m~amo~a ñdV…Mr doXemim Mmbdbr. AZoH$ Vê$U ‘wbm§Zr ˶mMm bm^ KoVbm. dmS>m n[agamV AmVm {gZo‘m, ‘m{bH$m {Z‘m©Ë¶m§M§hr bj doYy bmJb§ Amho. ˶m‘wio {ZgJ©gm¢X¶© Am{U BWbr Ka§, ‘mUg§ dmVmdaU AmVm {M{ÌH$aUmV {Xgy bmJb§ Amho. nydu Jmo{Oar, XodamB© ¶m ‘amR>r {gZo‘m§V {d‘boœa n[aga Am{U WmoS>m JmdmMm n[aga ¶m§Zm ñWmZ {‘imb§ Amho.

JmdmÀ¶m ‘ܶmVyZ dmhUmam dhmi

42

2022

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Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 adiZmWmÀ¶m ‘§{XamV Jobm d Xodmg KÅ> {‘R>r ‘mê$Z am{hbm. Xodmg KoVbr Jobr Amho. EHy$U g‘mO eoVH$ar dJm©VM ‘moS>Umam Agbm ‘ܶamÌr Xodim~mhoa OmD$ XoB©Zm. XodmH$Sy>Z JmdmVrb Za~irMr àWm Varhr AmVm {ejUm‘wio d EHy$UM g‘mOmÀ¶m àJVr‘wio Vmo AJXr ~§X H$aʶmM§ d ˶m ~Xë¶mV H$mohim d AiyMr H$mS>r ñdrH$maʶmM§ VgmM am{hbobm Zmhr. AmO JmdmV eoVr AJXr gwYm[aV nÕVrZo,H$‘r dMZ KoVë¶mZ§VaM ˶mZo Xodmbm ‘mabobr {‘R>r gmoS>br. XodmZohr ‘Zwî¶~imV Ho$br OmVo. V§ÌkmZmÀ¶m Adb§~m‘wio eoVrM§ CËnÞ Ë¶m~Ôb JmdmMo ‘mZH$ar ZmB©H$ ,na~, H$X‘ Vg§M Ywar ¶m§Zm H$m|~S>r d dmT>bob§ Amho. Jmd gwYmaUm {චAmho. JmdmV 1984 gmbr n{hbr ~H$am ¶m§M§ ‘m§g Z ImʶmM§ Vg§M Xmê$ Z {nʶmM§ ~§YZ KmVb§. Zi-nmUr ¶moOZm Q>oå~dmS>r d JmdR>mUdmS>rgmR>r A§‘bmV Ambr, ˶m‘wio AmOhr JmdmV H$m|~S>r nmibr OmV Zmhr. AmO Ywar hm EH$ H$maU nmUrnwadR>m H$aUmè¶m {d{har Xÿa A§Vamda hmo˶m. Z§Va BVa JmdMm O‘rZXma d ‘mZH$ar Amho. ¶m{edm¶ AmUIr XmoZ Am»¶m{¶H$m dmS>çm§gmR>r EHy$U ghm Zi ¶moOZm ObñdamÁ¶ ¶moOZoImbr gm§JʶmV ¶oVmV. JmdÀ¶m gr‘oda EH$ gmdarM§ PmS> hmoV§. ˶m am~{dʶmV Amë¶m. 1942 gmbr B§J«O gaH$maH$Sy>Z Jmdmbm V§Q>m‘wº$ gmdarbm Am‘À¶m JmdÀ¶m {XeoÀ¶m ’$m§Úm§Zm nm§T>ar ’w$b§ ¶oV, Va Jmd åhUyZ nwañH$ma {‘imbm hmoVm. ˶mZ§Vahr Jmdmbm AZoH$ emgH$s¶ Xþgè¶m JmdmÀ¶m ~mOybm Agboë¶m ’$m§Úm§Zm bmb ’w$b§ ¶oV. JmdmV nwañH$ma {‘imbo. XodimOdi Vwig Amho. {VM§ àWoà‘mUo b¾ bmdb§ OmV§. nydu b¾ àm¡T> {ejU A{^¶mZmImbr JmdmV àm¡T> {ejU dJ© MmbdyZ bmdVmZm Vwierda g’o$X MmXarM§ N>V Yab§ OmB© d ‘§Jbmï>H§$ A{e{jVm§Zm {e{jV H$aʶmM§ H$m¶©hr JmdmVë¶m {ejH$m§À¶m ‘XVrZo åhUVmZm ˶mda AjVm åhUyZ Q>mH$boë¶m ^mVmÀ¶m bmøm hmoV. ˶m H$aʶmV Ambob§ Amho. J«m‘ñW eoVr d ì¶dgm¶ gm§^miyZ A§J^yV gdmªZm àgmX åhUyZ {Xë¶m OmV. H$boMmhr ¶mo½¶ dmna H$aVmV. Am‘À¶m JmdmV H$m|~S>r-~H$è¶mM§ ‘m§g Imʶmg ~§Xr Agë¶m‘wio JmdmV H$m|~S>r nmibr OmV ZmhrV. ˶m‘wio gH$mirM gmX ¶oVo Vr H$m|~S>çmMr Zìho Va H$mo{H$ioMr. JmdmVb§ dmVmdaUM dZamB©Zo ~habob§ Amho. JmdmV EHy$U Xhm ‘§{Xa§ AmhoV. JmdÀ¶m gr‘oda ^amS>r XodrM§ ‘§{Xa Amho. ˶mMo ‘mZH$ar na~ AmhoV. {VMr nyOmAMm© VoM H$aVmV. {VWoM JmdMm Jm|Yi hmoVmo. adiZmW ho ‘w»¶ X¡dV Amho. ˶mÀ¶m nmR>r‘mJo {dÇ>bm XodrM§ ‘§{Xa Amho. ¶mM n[agamV ~«m÷U, {edqbJ,^mdB© hr Xodi§ AmhoV. Hw$imM§ XoD$i, Xm§S>oH$amM§ XoD$i, gmVoar d Am{X‘mVm hr Aݶ H$mhr Xodi§. S>m°. ^mbM§Ð AH$boH$a ¶m§M§ H$moH$UmMm gm§ñH¥${VH$ B{Vhmg ho nwñVH$ à{gÕ Amho. ˶mV ˶m§Zr H$moH$UmVë¶m adiZmWmÀ¶m Xodimg§~§Yr {b{hb§ Amho. ¶m nwñVH$mV ˶m§Zr Am§~S>mogÀ¶m XodimMm Img C„oI Ho$bobm Amho. Vo åhUVmV, adiZmWmM§ ‘§{Xa àmMrZ d ^ì¶ AgyZ amB©V Amho. ‘§{Xambm dmnaboë¶m AI§S> nmfmUr Im§~mdê$Z ho ‘§{Xa {edH$mbrZ Agmd§ Agm VH©$ Amho. AbrH$S>oM adiZmWmÀ¶m XodimM§ ZyVZrH$aU H$aʶmV Amb§.

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JmdmV hmoir, Xgam ho gU nma§n[aH$ nÕVrZo gmOao hmoVmV. hmoirÀ¶m doir Xadfu 'Zdè¶mMo b¾' ho N>moQ>§ ZmQ>H$ (A{bpIV) gmXa Ho$b§ OmV§. Vo A{Ve¶ ‘Ooera d hgy AmUUma§ AgV§. ‘m¶m AmR>dUrVbm ‘m¶m embo¶ OrdZmVbm EH$ Img àg§J Amho. Am‘À¶m JmdmV Xmê$ {nʶmg ‘ZmB© Amho ho gm§{JVb§ AmhoM, nU EH$Xm 47

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 Am‘À¶m eoOmè¶mH$S>o EH$ nmhþUm Ambm hmoVm. ˶mbm Xmê$M§ ì¶gZ ZmB©H$ hr Zm‘Xod ZmB©H$ ¶m§Mr ZmV d àH$me ZmB©H$ ¶m§Mr H$ݶm. Vr hmoV§. ˶m‘wio Vmo amoO g§Ü¶mH$mir eoOmaÀ¶m JmdmV OmD$Z Xmê$ {nD$Z {H«$Ho$Q>nQy> AgyZ Vr ‘w§~B©À¶m Á¶oð> ‘{hbm {H«$Ho$Q> g§KmMr CnH$U©Yma ¶m¶Mm d amÌ^a ~S>~S> H$am¶Mm. ˶mMm ~§Xmo~ñV H$aʶmgmR>r Amåhr Amho. XemdVmar ZmQ>H$ ho H$moH$Udmgr¶m§M§ bmoH${චbmoH$ZmQ>ç. Amo‘ EH$ e¸$b bT>dbr. ˶m {Xder A‘mdñ¶m hmoVr. Amåhr nmhwʶmg àH$me MìhmU ¶m§Zm ZmQ>H$mV H$m‘ H$aʶmMr AmdS> hmoVr, ˶mVyZM åhUmbmo ^mD$, AmO A‘mdñ¶m. CJmM Xmê$ {nD$Z ˶m gr‘odê$Z ¶oD$ ˶m§Zr XemdVmar bmoH$ZmQ>çmV àdoe Ho$bm. Vo ór nmÌmMr ^y{‘H$m ZH$m. H$miOr ¿¶m. nU nmhþUm ‘mÌ Zoh‘rà‘mUo ~mOyÀ¶m JmdmV Xmê$ H$arV. ˶m§Zm A{^Z¶m~amo~aM gm¢X¶m©Mr XoUJr hmoVr. ˶m§À¶m ¶m ߶m¶bm JobmM. ˶mÀ¶m naVrÀ¶m doiog Amåhr VrZ-Mma OU H$boMr XIb KoD$Z ˶m§Zm 2013 ‘ܶo H$moH$UMm ~mbJ§Yd© hm dmQ>odaÀ¶m PwSw>nmV bnyZ ~gbmo. gmo~V EH$ ‘m§Oahr KoVbr. nmhþUm nwañH$ma àXmZ H$aʶmV Ambm. JmdÀ¶m AmOÀ¶m àJVrg AmOr-‘mOr gan§M ZmZm H$amdS>o, {Xbrn na~, a‘oe na~, {dîUy na~ ¶m§À¶m Odi ¶oVmM ˶m§À¶m A§Jmda g{H$S}> (~marH$ XJS>) ’o$H$bo d ‘m§OamMm ‘mJ©Xe©ZmMm d l‘mMm dmQ>m Amho. ˶m§Mm C„oI H$amdmM bmJob. Jim AmdiyZ gmoSy>Z {Xb§. ˶mda Vo å¶md-å¶md H$aV ˶mÀ¶m {dÚ‘mZ gan§M amYm dadS>oH$a ¶m§Mm ‘mobmMm gh^mJ Amho. AmO nwT>çmVyZ YmdV Jobo. nmhþUm ¶m‘wio ‘mÌ J{bVJmÌ Pmbm d ˶mZo JmdÀ¶m gan§M nXr EH$ ‘{hbm Amho. H$mo{dS>gma»¶m AmOmamMm àgma YmdVM Ka JmR>b§. {VWo Vmo JwnMyn PmonyZ Jobm d gH$mirM BVa H$moUr amoIʶmgmR>r JmdÀ¶m VéUmB©bm hmVmer Yê$Z ˶m§Zr JmdmMr Iyn CR>ʶmAmYrM H$moUmbmhr Z gm§JVmM Amnë¶m Kar {ZKyZ Jobm. EHy$U H$miOr KoVbr d ˶mgmR>r gaH$mar ¶§ÌUoMr doimodoir ‘XV KoVbr. Am‘Mr e¸$b ¶eñdr Pmbr hmoVr. Am§~S>mog J«m‘{dH$mg ‘§S>i, ‘w§~B© hr g§ñWm JmdmÀ¶m ‘XV d gwYmaUm Am§~S>mog JmdmVë¶m ‘hÎdmÀ¶m 춺$s åhUyZ ‘r Zm‘Xod ZmB©H$ ¶mgmR>r gX¡d VËna AgVo. AmO JmdmVrb dV©‘mZ d CX¶moÝ‘wI {nT>r ¶m§Mm C„oI H$arZ. Vmo ¶mgmR>rM H$s ˶m§Zr Zdr ‘w§~B©V dmer BWo ‘amR>m AmœmgH$ dmQ>Mmb H$aV Amho. bmH$S>o OmiyZ noQ>dboë¶m VrZ ‘mUgm§Mr g§KQ>Zm ~m§Ybr d ‘amR>m g‘mO hr g§»¶m ñWmnZ Ho$br. XJS>m§À¶m MwbrnmgyZ Vo Jmo~a J°gn¶ªV Am{U nmoñQ> H$mS>©nmgyZ Vo EdT>§M Zìho, Va ñWm{ZH$ ZJagodH$, Am‘Xma, ImgXma ¶m§Mr ‘XV ‘mo~mB©b n¶ªV JmdmV Pmboë¶m à˶oH$ ~XbmMm ‘r gmjrXma Amho. KoD$Z '‘amR>m ^dZ' hr ~hþ‘Obr B‘maV C^r Ho$br. BWo EH$ ‘moR>m hm°bhr Amho. {VWo b¾g‘ma§^ hmoVmV. ˶m§À¶m ¶m H$m¶m©Mr XIb KoD$Z dmerVë¶m EH$m Mm¡H$mbm ˶m§M§ Zmd XoʶmV Amb§ Amho. àH$m{eH$m

48

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$

gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr

2022

AmoH$, nam§Ono, ‘amR>o, OmYd, ndma, H$X‘, ‘moao, H$amdS>o Am{U gH$nmi ‘§S>ir EH$Ì AmZ§XmZo amhV. gmh{OH$M ¶m§À¶m~amo~a {Oìhmim {Z‘m©U Pmbm. ‘J ‘wbm§Zr ¶m§À¶m~amo~a Jm§dÀ¶m KamMm Iyn AmZ§X bwQ>bm. {d{harda nmUr H$mT>U§, am¶JS>, ‘mZJS> , JmdmV Am{U Q>monrJS> MT>U§, Aer ‘Om Ho$br. Am‘À¶m KamM§ gd© dmS>çm§À¶m "gZ^y H$m°Q>oO' ho Zmd g- g{dVm gmR>r, Z- Z‘«Vm ^mJmbm AmOhr '{eagmS>' lrYa ^mQ>o gmR>r, ^y- ^wfU gmR>r ¶mdê$Z {Xb§ hmoV§. KamMm Ag§ g§~moYb§ OmV§. nydu 77964 27628 bm^ ‘bm Jobo 43 df} hmoV Amho. bT>mB©V eÌyM§ "{eagmS>', Am‘M§ Jmd JmR>m¶bm 2 ‘mJ©. EH$ åhUOo åhUOoM YS> Am{U era doJi§ hmoU§ d¶mÀ¶m 35 ì¶m dfm©n¶ªV ‘mP§ Am¶wî¶ ho Iyn ‘moR>çm à‘mUmV ¶m ^mJmV ‘w§~B©hÿZ ‘w§~B©-Jmodm ‘hm‘mJm©Zo 140 {H$bmo‘rQ>a ehamV Joë¶m‘wio ‘bm ‘wimVM IoS>oJmdmMr AmoT> Pmb§ åhUyZ {eagmS> Agm ‘mUJmd n¶©V ¶m¶M§, {VWyZ nwT>o nwUo-lrdY©Z añ˶mZo hmoVr. ˶mV Am‘À¶m H§$nZrZo Q´>°ìhqbJ AbmCÝg gwé gaH$mar Xáar C„oI 10 {H$bmo‘rQ>ada {ZOm‘nya d ˶mnwT>o ~moadmS>rbm Ho$ë¶m‘wio à˶oH$mH$Sy>Z JmdmMr Zmd§ ‘mJdbr hmoVr. H$aVmV. nmohmoMVm ¶oV§. Vg§M nwʶmhÿZ lrdY©Z amoS>Zo ‘wier ‘mJ} Voìhm ‘r H$mhrVar {Xb§ hmoV§ R>moHy$Z, nU Amnb§ Jmd Hw$R>b§ hm gw‘mao 100 {H$‘r àdmg H$ê$Z {ZOm‘nya n¶ªV ¶oVm ¶oV§. {H$S>m ‘m¶m ‘ZmV didiV hmoVm. H$mhr ‘§S>ir H$moH$UmVë¶m {ZOm‘nya ho Am‘M§ "H«$m°’$S>© ‘mH}$Q>' Amho. {ZOm‘nyaÀ¶m nwT>o JX© Jmdm{df¶r J‘VrO‘Vr, g¥ï>rgm¡X¶©, ¶m§À¶m{df¶r MMm© H$am¶bm PmS>rVyZ WmoS§> A§Va H$mnë¶mda AmnU qnJir ZXrnmer ¶oVmo. ZXrÀ¶m bmJbr H$s ‘bm ’$ma AnamYr dmQ>o. AIoa d{S>bm§À¶m d MwbV AJmoXa A§XmOo 50 EH$am§V ñWmnZ Pmbobm "Hw$Hy$MHy$ nmoëQ´>r ’$m‘©' ^mdmÀ¶m ‘XVrZo 1978 gmbr 36 ì¶m dfu Am‘M§ ‘yi Jm§d emoYyZ Amho. ˶mMr 10 H$moQ>tMr Jw§VdUyH$ AgyZ 1 H$moQ>r ‘{hݶmMr H$mT>b§. JmdmM§ Zmd ~moadmS>r, VmbwH$m ‘mUJmd, {Oëhm-am¶JS>. CbmT>mb Amho. ZXrÀ¶m CÎmaog lr ^¡arM§ JmdXodr ‘§{Xa Amho. gd© VoìhmnmgyZ ¶m JmdmM§ Zmd gm§JyZ ‘r J«oS> à‘mUo n¡go KoD$ bmJbmo. ¶m Q´>rnMr gm§JVm JmdXodrÀ¶m Xe©ZmZo hmoVo. X{jUog AmoH$m§M§ ~mUoœa JmdmV Am‘À¶m 9 {nT>¶m Zm§Xë¶m d AmOmo~m§Mr ‘w§O d n{hb§ b¾ e§H$amM§ àmMrZ XoD$i Amho. AmVm ZXrbm CÎm‘ nyb ~m§Ybm Amho. BWoM Pmb§ Aer ‘m{hVr {‘imbr. 12 dmS>çm§M§ Jmd åhUOo "~mamdmS>r', ˶mMm An^«§e Pmbm Jmd emoYyZ H$mT>ë¶mZ§Va JmdmV bJoMM EH$ Qw>‘Xma gmV IUr "~moadmS>r'. "~moadmS>r' hr JmdmMr ‘w»¶ dmS>r. {edmOr‘hmamOm§Mm Ka Ad¿¶m gmS>oVrZ hOma én¶m§V 1979 gmbr {dH$V KoVb§. ‘J qghmgZr nwVim Agbobr '{ZdmMrdmS>r', nydu {OWyZ gmoݶm-Mm§XrMo H$m¶, n[admamÀ¶m ~moadmS>r Q´>rn gwê$ Pmë¶m. drO ZìhVr, EgQ>r ì¶dhma ìhm¶Mo Vr 'gmoZmadmS>r', noedoH$mbrZ KmoS>çmÀ¶m nmJm gw{dYm ZìhVr. Mma {H$bmo‘rQ>a ~¡bJmS>rZo Omd§ bmJo. JmdmV ^mQ>o, Agbobr 'KmoS>eoVdmS>r', ~amMgm H$mVimMm ^mJ Agbobr 49

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 'H$mVidmS>r', ¶m{edm¶ CYioH$m|S>, ~m‘ZJmdZ§, ‘ù¶mMr dmS>r, OmVmZm EH$ Imbr nS>bob§ qnnimM§ nmZ S>moŠ¶mdê$Z gmoS>m¶bm KmoQ>odmS>r, ‘{eXdmS>r, B. JmdÀ¶m à‘wI dmS>çm AmhoV. ¶m gd© gm§Jm¶À¶m d ñdV…hr gmoS>m¶À¶m. åhUm¶À¶m, Ag§ Ho$ë¶mZo gd© Xmof dmS>çm§À¶m ^mJmbm AmOhr '{eagmS>' Ag§ g§~moYb§ OmV§. nydu Zme nmdVmV Ag§ Am‘À¶m gmgy~mB© åhUm¶À¶m. bT>mB©V eÌyM§ "{eagmS>', åhUOoM YS> Am{U era doJi§ hmoU§ ho Iyn JmdmÀ¶m doerda OwZ§ Eo{Vhm{gH$ lr JmdXodrM§ ‘§{Xa Amho. ‘moR>çm à‘mUmV ¶m ^mJmV Pmb§ åhUyZ {eagmS> Agm gaH$mar Xáar ZdamÌrbm à˶oH$ dmS>rMr ‘mi d ^OZ hmoV§. n{hbm ‘mirMm ‘mZ C„oI H$aVmV. JmdmÀ¶m nyd}g ‘mZJS> {H$ëë¶mÀ¶m nm¶Ï¶mer ~moadmS>rMm Amho. Z§XHw$‘ma ‘m§S>dH$a ho ¶m XodimMr XoI^mb nmhVmV. ‘{eXdmS>rbm AJXr KaÀ¶m A§JUmV S>m|Ja Amho. Jmd ‘mUJS>mÀ¶m hmoirÀ¶m Xþg-¶m {Xder åhUOo YwidS>rbm gd©OU gH$mir hmoirÀ¶m Hw$erV Amho Ag§ åhUVm ¶oB©b. ‘mZJS> {H$ë¶m‘wioM ‘mUJmd Zmd OmJr OmD$Z PmS>mM§ ‘moR>§ nmZ KoD$Z ÐmoUmgmaI§ H$ê$Z ˶mV hmoirMr nS>b§ Aer Am»¶m{¶H$m Amho. X{jUog EH$ N>moQ>m Amohmoi Amho. Vmo ajm (amI) KoD$Z lr Jm§dXodrbm ‘Zmo^mdmZo gd© VéU d¥Õ ‘§S>ir nyd}H$Sy>Z n{ü‘oH$S>o dmhVmo. Jobr 5 dfª JmdmVrb ‘mD$br d¥Õml‘ dmhVmV d Am‘À¶m Jm§dmM§ ajU H$a Ag§ Xodrbm gmH$S§> KmbVmV ~moadmS>r ñdIMm©Zo ˶mMr Imobr Am{U é§Xr nmUr {PanʶmgmR>r Am{U Xodrbm A{^dmXZ H$aVmV. ¶oVmZm-OmVmZm dmQ>gê$Zm AS>dyZ dmT>dV Amho. Vmo nmdgmù¶mV H$mhrdoim am¡Ð ê$n YmaU H$aVmo "nmoñQ>' åhUOo H$mhr aH$‘oMr ‘mJUr H$aVmV. hm¡er bmoH$ ˶mbm XmX ˶mdoiog AmXa¶wº$ ^rVr dmQ>Vo. Imbr X{jUog S>m|Ja Zmhr d XoD$Z AmZ§XmZo nmoñQ> åhUyZ a¸$‘ XoVmV. .˶mMm Aënmonhmam gmR>r eoVO‘rZ H$‘r, nU XmQ> O§Jb Amho. nydu BWo dmK ¶m¶Mo Ag§ {dZr¶moJ hmoVmo. åhUVmV, nU ‘bm 43 dfmªV Ambobm EoH$ʶmV Zmhr. JmdmÀ¶m Odi ‘mZJS> Agë¶m‘wio BWo {edmOr ‘hmamOm§Mm g§~§Y d dmñVì¶ hmoV§. ¶mbm nwï>r {‘iVo Vr JmdmV amhUmè¶m OmYd, ‘moao, H$X‘, ‘mZH$a, Xidr, gwd} ¶m AmS>ZmdmÀ¶m bmoH$m§‘wio. ‘{eXdmS>rMo H$maImZrg gm§JVmV H$s Am‘Mo nyd©O ‘mZJS>mM§ ajU H$am¶Mo d H$ma^ma ~Km¶Mo. ˶m§À¶mH$S>o AOyZ ˶mdoiMr Vbdma ˶m§À¶m g§J«hr gwì¶dpñWV Amho. ˶mZ§Va ¶m Jm§dmV noeì¶m§Mmhr g§~§Y hmoVm ¶mMo nwamdo {‘iVmV. ~moadmS>rÀ¶m ^mQ>|À¶m lr {dÇ>b aIw‘mB© ‘§{XamgmR>r {Xdm~Îmr, gm’$g’$mB©, XoIaoI gmR>r CËnÞ åhUyZ 140 EH$a O‘rZ noeì¶m§Zr {Xë¶mMr gZX AmO{‘Vrg CnbãY Amho. ¶mÀ¶m A{Yn˶mImbr ¶oUm-¶m ^mQ>¶m§M§ lram‘ ‘§{Xa d AmoH$m§M§ ~mUoœa ‘§{Xa ¶m§Zm O‘rZ {d^mJyZ XoʶmMo XñVEodO AmhoV. Aer Am»¶m{¶H$m Amho H$s noeì¶m§À¶m H$mir noeì¶m§H$S>o ‘Ou lr JmdXodr ‘§{Xa g§nmXZ H$aʶmg, nyOmAMm© H$aʶmg H$mhr emór~wdm ˶mH$mir nm¶r nwʶmg OmV AgV. gmYZ§ ZìhVr, narpñWVr nU ZìhVr, na§Vw JmdmVbo aKwAÊUm JmoIbo ¶m§Zr gm§{JVbobr 50 dfm© nojm gm‘J«rgmR>r, {eYmX{jUogmR>r, ~jrgmgmR>r OmU§ àmá hmoV§. nhmQ>o 4 OmñV nyduMr Jmoï> Vr Aer H$s, JUnVrgmR>r ˶mH$mir gd© VéU bm {ZKV AgV d gy¶© AñVmg Omʶmnydu AmS>diUmZo, nmCbdmQ>oZo, ‘§S>ir Jmdr nm¶r ¶oV. {ZOm‘nya- ~moadmS>r àdmg IS>Va hmoVm. nwʶmS>m|JaXè¶m§VyZ ^«‘U H$arV. A§Va H$‘r H$aV nwʶmg nmohMV AgV. ‘w§~B©hÿZ ¶oUmè¶m bmoH$m§Zm H$YrH$Yr ‘ܶamÌhr hmoV Ago. H$moUr Amb§ Xþg-¶m {Xder noeì¶m§À¶m dmS>çmda nyOmAMm©, A{^foH$, éÐ, em§Vr Zmhr Va JmdmVbr Ooð> ‘§S>ir qMVmMya ìhm¶Mr. H$mhr Amboë¶m VéU dJ¡ao-dJ¡ao H$aV. {eYmgm‘J«r, {~XmJar, X{jUm, ~jrg KoD$Z Xþg-¶m ‘§S>itZm {dZdUr H$am¶Mr H$s, Oam ~Km ao! ‘J Amåhr H§$Xrb, {Xder naVrÀ¶m àdmgmbm {ZKV. AmVm ˶m ‘mJm©Zo añVm hmoB©b Aer ~±Q>ar, H$mR>çm KoD$Z g‘yhmZo doern¶ªV Om¶Mmo d Jßnm, Moï>m- ‘ñH$ar eŠ¶Vm Amho. ‘J nwUo ’$º$ 60 Vo 70 {H$bmo‘rQ>ada ¶oB©b. H$aV {VWo Wm§~m¶Mmo. EHo$ {Xder ‘ܶamÌrn¶©V A^¶ Ambm Zmhr. "XÎm àgmX ‘§S>i' ¶m ZmdmZo EH$ ZmQ>H$ ‘§S>i Am‘À¶mH$S>o Amåhr Mma-nmM OU dmQ> nmhV Wm§~bmo hmoVmo. gw‘mao gmS>o~mamÀ¶m nydu hmoV§. ˶mdoir H$m{V©H$s {dÇ>b aIw‘mB© À¶m CËgdmV Eo{Vhm{gH$ Xaå¶mV A^¶ Ambm. Amåhmbm gdm©Zm hþe@@@@ Pmb§. åhUmbmo, ZmQ>H$mMo à¶moJ hmoV AgV Agm g§X^© {‘iVmo. EH$ ^mJmoOr H$X‘ ""H$m¶ ao, EodT>m Cera Ho$bmg? {ZOm‘nya dê$Z EH$Q>mM?'' ZmQ>çA{^ZoVo hmoVo. ˶m§À¶m ZmdmZo EH$ N>moQ>§ "H$bm XmbZ' ˶m§À¶m ""Zmhr, Jʶm hmoVm ~amo~a.'' ‘wbmZo ~moadmS>rV ~m§Yb§ Amho. Vo ~mobVmZm Iyn AS>IiV ~mobV ""‘J Vmo Hw$R>o Amho? '' AgV nU EH$Xm a§J^yfm Pmbr H$s Vmo Xmof Zï> hmoV Ago. ‘J Vo g§dmX Vmo åhUmbm ""Vy hmo nTw>o ‘r AmbmM o '' åhUZy Vmo nmR>r‘mJZy ¶Vom¶o. AJXr Cñ’y©$V, AñI{bV OmoemZo åhUV. ¶mMm ‘r gmjrXma Amho Amåhmbm EH$X‘ Y¸$mM ~gbm H$maU Jʶm XodmH$S>o OmD$Z H$maU ‘bm ˶m§Mm EH$ à¶moJ ~KʶmM§ ^m½¶ bm^b§. ‘bm AmR>d§V¶ VrZ-Mma ‘{hZo Pmbo hmoVo! Amåhr àg§JmdYmZ gmYyZ ˶mbm gm§{JVb§, Q´>rnÀ¶m eodQ>À¶m {Xder {Zamon åhUyZ Amåhr lr JmdXodrÀ¶m Am{U lr Mb AmnU Kar OmD$ Vmo ¶oB©b ‘mJyZ. gH$mir ˶mbm Yra XoD$Z e§H$a ~mUoœaÀ¶m ‘§{XamV OmV Agy. ˶mdoiog Am‘À¶m~amo~a EH$ n[apñWVrMr OmUrd H$ê$Z gd© gm§{JVb§. Vmo Va Om‘ Km~abm. ˶mÀ¶m nam§Ono H$mHy$ Agm¶À¶m. ˶m Am‘À¶m gm¡. bm {nn§imÀ¶m nmamdê$Z nm¶mImbMr dmiyM gaH$br. ‘J H$mb ˶mÀ¶m~amo~a Ambobm Jʶm 50

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 H$moU hmoVm? Iam Jʶm Va h¶mV Zmhr, ‘J Vmo H$moU hmoVm, ^yV? H$mhr gm§JVm ¶oV Zmhr. nU hm àg§J AmR>dUrV amhʶmgmaIm. ‘hmS>bm {M‘UmOr JmoqdX ^mQ>o àmo’o$ga hmoD$Z Jobo. ˶mdoiog Vo Iyn à{gÜX hmoVo. ~moadmS>rÀ¶m añ˶mbm ˶m§M§ Zmd Úmd§ Aer ‘mPr ‘{Zfm Amho. Xþgao XÎmmÌo¶ e§H$a ^mQ>o ‘yiMo ~moadmS>rMo hmoVo ˶m§Zm Q>mQ>mMr ñH$m°baern {‘imbr hmoVr. ˶mdoiog ˶m§Zr nr.EM. S>r. Ho${‘H$b ‘ܶo {dbm¶VoVyZ d A‘o[aHo$VyZ Ho$br. Ago Vo S>~b nr.EM.S>r hmoVo. Vo A‘o[aHo$VM ZmoH$ar H$aV hmoVo Z§Va ^maVmV ¶oD$Z amoømV ~arM dfª H$ÝgëQ>ÝQ> hmoVo. {Zd¥ÎmrZ§Va Vo nwÝhm A‘o[aHo$V H$m¶‘ñdê$nr dmñVì¶mg Jobo. ˶mH$mir Vo nwʶmV ‘°{Q´>H$bm ‘hmamï´>mV n{hbo Ambo hmoVo. Xþgao XÎmmÌo¶ har ^mQ>o ¶m§Zmhr ˶mM doiog Q>mQ>mMr ñH$m°baern {‘imbr d ˶m§Zr gm§p»¶H$s {df¶mV {dbm¶VoV nrEMS>r Ho$br. ˶mdoir Q>mQ>m§Zr EH$mM doiog XmoZ ^mQ>|Zm Cƒ {ejUmgmR>r lr {dÇ>c aIw‘mB© ‘§{Xa Am{U ‘mD$cr d¥Õml‘ ñH$m°baern {Xbr. (Vgm ‘r gmoS>bmo Va Am‘Mr ^mQ>o ‘§S>ir Iyn hþema!) Z§Va ¶m§Zr Am{’«$Ho$bm gm§p»¶H$s g„mJma åhUyZ ~arM dfª AmUIr EH$ {deof åhUOo ‘mOr ImgXma {H$arQ> gmo‘æ¶m H$m‘ nm{hb§. Z§Va Vo ^maVmV ¶oD$Z ñWm{¶H$ Pmbo. ¶m XmoÝhr ‘mUgm§Mm ¶m§Mr gmgwadmS>r ~moadmS>rbm AmoH$ Hw$Qw>§~mH$S>o Amho. WmoS>m H$m hmoB©Zm ghdmg bm^bm ho ‘r ‘mP§ na‘^m½¶ g‘OVmo, JmdmgmR>r ‘m¶mH$Sy>Z OodT>m ImarMm dmQ>m CMbVm ¶oB©b AJXr AbrH$S>À¶m H$mimVbo, åhUOoM Am‘À¶m VodT>m ‘r CMbbm. Am‘À¶m lram‘ ‘§{XamgmR>r dJ©Ur H$mTy>Z OrUm}Õma H$mimVbo E°S>. ‘Zmoha ‘hmXod AmoH$ C’©$ Am~m AmoH$ ‘mPo na‘{‘Ì H$adyZ KoVbm. d¥Õml‘mbm nËZrÀ¶m ñ‘¥Vràr˶W© "Amamo½¶Ym‘' hmoVo. ˶m§Zr ~moadmS>rgmR>r Iyn H$m‘ Ho$b§. ˶m§À¶m œmgmVM ~moadmS>r OmJogH$Q> ~m§YyZ {Xb§. JmdmV A§JUdmS>rgmR>r OmJm CnbãY {Xbr. hmoVr. ˶m§À¶m‘wioM ~moadmS>r‘Ybm lr {dÇ>b aIw‘mB© ‘§{XamMm CËgd Am~m AmoH$ ¶m§Zm d¥Õml‘ C^maʶmg ¶Wmeº$s ‘XV Ho$br. AmOhr Mmby Amho, ˶mÀ¶mgmR>r ˶m§Zr Iyn n[al‘ KoVbo. ˶m§Zr gwadmVrÀ¶m H$mimV d¥Õml‘mM§ {Z¶moOZ d ì¶ñWmnZ H$mhr dfª Ho$b§. Jm§dmV Eg. Ho$. ^mQ>o hm¶ñHy$b gwé Ho$b§ d {dÚm϶mªMr nm¶nrQ> H$‘r ‘mPr ‘wb§ naXoer AmhoV, nU ˶m§Mr ^maVmMr Q´>rn ~moadmS>r{edm¶ nyU© Ho$br. Jmdmbm CÎm‘ {ejU CnbãY hmoʶmM§ lo¶ ˶m§À¶mH$S>oM OmV§. hmoV Zmhr. ‘rhr naXoemV Iyn {’$aVmo nU ~moadmS>rgmaI§ Jmd Hw$R>oM ‘mUJmdbm Vo EH$m nVnoT>rMo Aܶj hmoVo. ¶mÀ¶m OmoS>rbm 22 dfm©nydu Zmhr! ˶m§Zr lr ‘mD$br d¥Õml‘ lr {dÇ>b amIw‘mB© ‘§{XamÀ¶m n[agamV gwé nwʶmhÿZ ¶oVmZm A§XmOo 12 {H$bmo‘rQ>a AbrH$S>o {dim ^mJmV Ho$bm. ˶m H$mir AmJ«hmZo, h¸$mZo {dZdUr H$ê$Z Aml‘mgmR>r ’§$S> d EH$ Am¡Úmo{JH$ joÌ Amho. ˶mMm Iyn ‘moR>m {dñVma Amho. {VWo nmñH$mo OmJm CnbãY Ho$br ˶mbm VmoS> Zmhr. eodQ>À¶m œmgmn¶©V åhUyZ B§Q>aZ±eZb ñQ>rb erQ> ~ZdUmar H§$nZr Amho, Vr gmYmaUnUo Aml‘mgmR>r Vo OJbo. AmO{‘Vrg 30 d¥Õm§Mr W«r-ñQ>ma J«oS> à‘mUo 100 EH$a‘ܶo dgbobr Amho. ^{dî¶mV ho joÌ 12 ‘¡b dmT>dyZ ì¶dñWm hmoVo. d¥Õml‘mM§ ì¶dñWmnZ CÎm‘ Amho. Am‘À¶m Jmdmn¶©V ¶oB©b Aer eŠ¶Vm Amho, Vo nhmd¶mg Amåhr ZgUma nU Jmd Va Agob!

51

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2022

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‘§{Xa Aer ^m¡JmobrH$ pñWVr Amho. Vg§ nm{hb§ Va gO}H$moQ> JmdmV ho EHo$ H$mir EH$ ~§Xa åhUyZM ApñVËdmV hmoV§. EH$ Eo{Vhm{gH$ ‘mbdUMr ì¶mnmanoR> gO}H$moQ>M hmoVr. Jb~Vm‘YyZ ^wB©H$moQ> {H$„m AgyZ Vmo ¶oUmam ‘mb gO}H$moQ> ~§XamV CVê$ZM nwT>o Vmo {edH$mbrZ ~m§Ybobm Amho. gO}H$moQ> ì¶mnmar ZoV AgV. {H$„m gw. 7-8 EH$a BVŠ¶m ñdmV§ Ì ny d © H$mimVhr gO} H $mo Q >Mr joÌ’$imda ~m§Ybobm Amho. ¶m {H$ëë¶mMr ~mOmanoR> JO~Obobr Agm¶Mr. X{jU ^maV B§{Xam Im§S>mioH$a-Xoenm§S>o Eo{Vhm{gH$ nmœ©^y‘r Aer H$s, ¶mV amhmUma§ åhUOo H$madma-‘§Jbmoa, ‘w§~B©, ‘Ðmg Aem 98442 03803 Im§S>mioH$a ImZXmZ ¶m§Mo nyd©O ho ‘yi AZoH$ {R>H$mUm§hÿZ ‘mb ~moQ>rZo ¶oV Ago. Jmo ì ¶mVbo , ‘mÌ {edmOr ‘hmamOm§ À ¶m ˶m‘wio gO}H$moQ> ~§Xa à{gÕ hmoV§. {VWo bmoH$m§Zm bmo^g H$moH$UÀ¶m EH$m ImS>rÀ¶m amÁ¶mV Vo {edmOr ‘hmamOm§§À¶m amoOJma {‘iV hmoVm. JmdmV EH$ VoOrM§ dmVmdaU Hw$erV ‘mbdU VmbwŠ¶mV ‘mP§ ‘mhoaM Jm§d Xa~mar gaXma åhUyZ H$m‘mg hmoV§. ~§XambJV ‘mb R>odm¶À¶m dImar (JmoXm‘§) Amho, ˶mM§ Zm§d Amho gO}H$moQ>. Ia§ nmhVm Am‘M§ hmoVo. hmo˶m. JwOamVr ^mQ>r¶m§M§, g‘moa Im§S>mioH$am§M§ ^wgmar ‘yi Jmd aod§S>r. ˶mMoM nwT>o aod§S>r d gO}H$moQ>XþH$mZ hmoV§. N>moQ>r N>moQ>r MhmMr hm±Q>ob§hr hmoVr. JmdmVë¶m {‘è¶m~m§Xm Ago XmoZ ‘hgwbr ^mJ Pmbo. gO}H$moQ> hr N>moQ>r bmoH$m§Mm ‘w»¶ Y§Xm åhUOo ‘mgo‘mar. H$mhr R>am{dH$ bmoH$m§Mr gw.5 Vo 7 dmS>rM hmoVr. gO}H$moQ>Mr AmOMr bmoH$g§»¶m 1300 À¶m Amgnmg Q> ZmMr ‘moR>r Jb~V§ ‘mb dmhVwH$sM§ gmYZ hmoVr. ˶mV Idio, IamS>o, Amho. JmdmÀ¶m MVw…gr‘m ~KVm nyd}g daMrdmS>r H$moi§~, n{ü‘og gmdOr, Vmar-namS>H$a ¶m§Mr Jb~V§ hmoVr. nmdgmù¶mV hr Jb~V§ Aa~r g‘wÐ, CÎmaog H$mbmdbrMr ImS>r Am{U X{jUog H$moi§~ lrH¥$îU 52

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$

gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr

{H$Zm-¶mda AmoTy>Z H$mT>U§ ’$maM ÌmgmM§ H$m‘ Agm¶M§. {H$Zm¶mOdi EH$ MmH$sgmaI§ bmH$S>r Jmob Á¶mbm "S>dya' åhUV Vmo O{‘ZrV ê$VdyZ EH$ Xmoam Jb~Vmbm ~m§Ybobm, Va Xþga§ Q>moH$ ˶m S>dambm Jw§S>mim¶bm gmoS>bob§ Ago. Odinmg 25-30 bmoH$ Vmo Xmoam AmoTy>Z H$mhrOU MmH$s {’$adV ˶mbm Jw§S>miV, Va WmoS>o Jb~Vmbm ^b§ ‘moR>§ R>moH$imgmaI§ bmHy$S>, Á¶mbm "‘wiH$m' åhUV ˶mZo T>‘‘² Agm AmdmO H$aV T>H$bV AgV. Jb~VmÀ¶m Vimbm EH$ EH$ bmH$S>r Am|S>Ho$ R>odbo H$s Jb~V nwT>o gaH$V {H$Zm-¶mda ¶oV Ago. gdmªZm Jb~V T>H$bVmZm Omoa ¶oʶmgmR>r ""h¶bog..g¡¶bog'' hmo åhUyZ h§~mao ‘mabo OmV. ˶m EH$m b¶rV Jb~V ^am^a da gaH$V Ago. ~Km¶bm Iyn ‘Om ¶oV Ago. JmdmV EH$ Eo{Vhm{gH$ ^wB©H$moQ> {H$„m AgyZ Vmo {edH$mbrZ ~m§Ybobm Amho. ˶m {H$ëë¶mÀ¶m g^modVr I§XH$ IUbobm hmoVm, VWm{n H$mbnaÎdo Vmo ~wObm Jobm¶. hm gO}H$moQ> {H$„m gw. 7-8 EH$a BVŠ¶m joÌ’$imda ~m§Ybobm Amho. ¶m {H$ëë¶mMr Eo{Vhm{gH$ nmœ©^y‘r Aer H$s, ¶mV amhmUma§ Im§S>mioH$a ImZXmZ ¶m§Mo nyd©O ho ‘yi Jmoì¶mVbo, ‘mÌ {edmOr ‘hmamOm§À¶m amÁ¶mV Vo {edmOr ‘hmamOm§À¶m Xa~mar gaXma åhUyZ H$m‘mg hmoVo. ˶m§À¶m~ÔbMr em¡¶©H$Wm åhUOo ˶mdoir g‘wБmJ} AmH«$‘Uo hmoV hmoVr. EH$m amÌr eÌyZo g‘wБmJm©VyZ ¶m {H$ëë¶mda AmH«$‘U H$aʶmMm ì¶yh aMbm hmoVm. H$moQ>mV Agbob§ g¡Ý¶ JmT> PmonoV hmoV§. hrM doi eÌy gmYUma hmoVm, nU Im§S>mioH$a gaXma OmJo Pmbo. ˶m§Zm XÿadaÀ¶m eÌyMm gwJmdm bmJbm. gO}H$moQ> {H$ëë¶mbm Mma H$mon-¶mV Mma N>moQ>o-‘moR>o ~wê$O hmoVo, ˶mn¡H$s EH$m ~wê$Omda Vmo’$ R>odbr hmoVr. ‘mÌ eÌyda h„m H$am¶Mm Va Vr Vmo’$ Xþg¶m ~mOyÀ¶m ~wê$Omda hbdU§ JaOoM§ hmoV§. Pmonboë¶m gJù¶m g¡{ZH$m§Zm CR>db§ Va nbrVo noQ>dbo Jobo AgVo. eÌybm Vmo àH$me {Xgbm AgVm d eÌy gmdY Pmbm AgVm, åhUyZ Im§S>mioH$a gaXmam§Zr gmo~V ‘moOHo$M g¡{ZH$ KoD$Z Vr Vmo’$ AmoT>V Xþgè¶m ~wê$Omda Zobr Am{U eÌyM§ OhmO ZOaoÀ¶m Q>ß߶mV ¶oVmM Vmo’$ S>mJbr. eÌyM§ Iyn ‘moR>§ ZwH$gmZ Pmb§. gO}H$moQ> {H$„m hëë¶mVyZ dmMbm. ¶mM ~hmXþarM§ BZm‘ åhUyZ hm {H$„m ¶m Hw$Qw>§~mbm {edmOr ‘hmamOm§Zr {Xbm Amho.

2022

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Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 {Zd¥Îm Pmbobo O¶d§V Im§S>mioH$a, H$moi§~ emioVbo {ejH$ dmgwXod {S>Pob, am°Ho$b ¶m§Mr JaO JmdmVM ^mgy bmJbr. AmO ñdV§Ì dmñVyV AmMaoH$a Jwê$Or Am{U BVahr {ejUmbm àmoËgmhZ XoUmar ‘§S>ir hr gmogm¶Q>r ‘moR>çm {X‘mImV JmdmMr emo^m dmT>dVmZm {XgVo. EH$Ì ¶oD$Z ˶m§Zr ñWmnZ Ho$b§. ¶m ‘§S>imÀ¶m ‘mܶ‘mVyZ AZoH$ JwUd§V {dÚm϶m©Zm ~{jg§ {Xbr OmVmV. AmOhr hm CnH«$‘ Mmby Amho. gO}H$moQ> ¶m Jm§dmV VrZ Xodmb¶§ AmhoV. EH$ åhUOo joÌnmbmM§ Xodmb¶. Vo {edH$mbrZ Amho Ag§ åhUVmV. à˶oH$ {H$ëë¶mÀ¶m Ûmamda EH$ XoD$i AgV§M Vg§ ‘méVrM§ gw§Xa XoD$i {X‘mImV C^§ Amho. ¶m XodimMm B{Vhmg åhUOo àmMrZ H$mimnmgyZ ¶m {R>H$mUr EH$ N>moQ>r ‘mê$VrMr Kw‘Q>r hmoVr. ‘mÌ ¶m JmdmOdirb XoD$bH$a Hw$Qw>§~mMm Jb~VmVyZ ì¶mnma gwê$ hmoVm. ¶m ì¶mnmamV ˶m§Zm nwîH$i Z’$m Pmbm. ˶m§À¶m ‘ZmV AmnU ¶mVë¶m H$mhr aH$‘oMm dmna {MaH$mb amhrb Agm H$amdm Ag§ Amb§. ˶m§Zr JmdmVë¶m Ooð> gO}H$moQ>Mr Am{W©H$ n[apñWVr ~-¶mn¡H$s Mm§Jbr Amho. ‘w»¶ 춺$s Im§S>mioH$a ¶m§À¶mH$S>o g„m ‘m{JVbm Voìhm ˶m§Zr ì¶dgm¶ ‘mgo‘mar Agë¶m‘wio gdmªÀ¶m hmVmV IoiV§ ^m§S>db AgV§. XoD$bH$am§Zm g„m {Xbm, H$s ‘mê$VrM§ XoD$i ~m§Yb§g Va Vo {MaH$mb ‘mgo‘margmR>r nwê$f g‘wÐmV OmVmV, Va ‘mgo {H$Zm-¶mbm AmUbo H$s {Q>Hy$ eHo$b. Vmo g„m ‘mZyZ XoD$bH$am§Zr ho A{Ve¶ gw§Xa, àeñV {dH«$sgmR>r ~mB© ‘mUg§ OmVmV. ‘mbdUÀ¶m g‘wÐ {H$Zm-¶mda gH$mir XoD$i ~m§Yb§. ¶m XodimMo gd© Hw$bmMma ¶m XoD$bH$a Hw$Qw>§~mH$Sy>Z ‘mem§Mo {bbmd hmoVmV. ¶m Jmdm§Vë¶m ‘{hbm nydm©nma Aën{e{jV Ho$bo OmVmV. ho ‘mê$VrM§ XodñWmZ OmJ¥V Amho. ho XoD$i gd© AgVmZmhr ‘mem§Mm bmIm|Mm ì¶dhma Vm|S>r H$aVmZm {XgVmV. BWë¶m bmoH$m§gmR>r Iwb§ Amho. AmfmT> ‘{hݶmV BWo h[aZm‘ gámh Ho$bm ¶m ‘{hbm§Mr {deofVm åhUOo ˶m§Zm gmoݶmV Jw§VdUyH$ H$am¶Mm ’$ma OmVmo. am‘ Zd‘r, hZw‘mZ O¶§Vr ‘moR>çm à‘mUmV gmOao Ho$bo OmVmV. ZmX. ˶m‘wio à˶oH$mH$S>o Xm{JZo {XgVmVM. AbrH$S>o AZoH$m§Zr nydm©nma hZw‘mZ O¶§Vr CËgdmÀ¶m doir amÌr nS>Úmda {gZo‘m ~mJm¶Vr gwé Ho$br Amho. ‘mVrV dmiyM§ à‘mU OmV Agë¶m‘wio BWbo XmIdʶmMr, ~KʶmMr bmoH$m§Mr gd¶ AmOÀ¶m ‘mo~mB©b ¶wJmVhr Am§~o, Zmai MdXma AgVmV. gwê$ Amho. AJXr 1980-82 À¶m Amgnmg EH$ XmoZ OUm§À¶mM ¶m JmdmVb§ Xþga§ ‘§{Xa {dÇ>bmM§. Vo {‘è¶m~m§Xm ¶m dmS>rV B§{OZmÀ¶m ~moQ>r Amë¶m hmo˶m. amo{hXmg AmS>H$a ¶m§Mr EH$ bm±ÝM dgb§ Amho. AmfmT>r EH$mXerÀ¶m doir ¶m XodimVyZ {ZKUmar qXS>r gO}H$moQ> {H$Zm-¶mg‘moa {XgUm-¶m H$m¡S>çmda H$mbd§, IoH$S>o {‘iVmV ‘mê$VrÀ¶m Xodimn¶ªV ZoʶmMr àWm Amho. JmdÀ¶m n{ü‘obm H$m¶ ~Ky¶m åhUyZ OmUma hmoVr. H$m¡S>çmda g‘wÐmV EH$ IS>H$mi OmJm gwdU©H$S>m Amho, {VWo EH$ nra ~m§Ybobm Amho. JmdmV EH$hr ‘wñbr‘ Amho {VWo O‘rZhr Amho, AJXr N>moQ>oImZr {H$„mM OUy! ZdrZM bm°ÝM a{hdmgr ZgVmZmhr hr dmñVy {X‘mImV C^r Amho. ˶mbm JmdmVbo ¶§Ìmda MmbUmar åhUyZ nramdmS>rVbr 10-15 bmoH§$ ˶mV ~gbr. ~aoM bmoH$ Xa ewH«$dmar Z MwH$Vm Xe©ZmgmR>r OmVmZm {XgVmV. {VWo bm±ÝM ¶§Ìmda MmbV Agë¶m‘wio bdH$a nmohmo Mbrhr. gJir ‘§S>ir amoO Omoer Hw$Qw>§~ {Xdm bmdVmV. gd© ‘ÀN>r‘ma ‘mgo‘marMr gwê$dmV ^am^a CVê$Z BH$S>o {VH$S>o ~KV hmoVr. {VWo EH$m ‘mUgmbm Amnë¶m J«m‘X¡dVm§gmo~VM ¶m nragm¶~mbmhr Zmai dmT>dyZ {ZemU JmoUnmQ>mMr VaQ>§ {Xgbr. Vr CMbyZ ~KVmZm ˶mV gmoݶmÀ¶m {dQ>m bmdyZ H$aVmV. gO}H$moQ> JmdmV EH$ Jwê$Or dPo Hw$Qw>§~ Amho. VoM gd© {‘imë¶m. ˶m gd©OUm§Zr H$ñQ>‘bm H$idyZ gaH$ma O‘m Ho$ë¶m. ˶m JmdmM§ XodVmO©Z H$aVmV. {dQ>m ~Km¶bm àM§S> JXu Pmbr hmoVr. ˶mnydu gO}H$moQ>À¶m gO}H$moQ> JmdmM§ J«m‘X¡dV lr Xodr ^ÐH$mbr Amho. {VM§ n{ü‘oH$S>À¶m H$S>çmda gmoݶmMr {~pñH$Q>§ Oá Ho$br hmoVr. ˶m‘wioM Xodmb¶ Vg§ Xÿa Amho, nU Xadfu ¶m XodrMr nmbIr JmdmV ˶mbm "gwdU©H$S>m' Ag§ Zmd nS>b§ Amho. S>minñdmarbm ¶oVo. g§nyU© JmdmVyZ aod§S>r, H$moZrMo H$mn, gr‘mXodr, gO}H$moQ> N>moQ>§ Jmd AgVmZmhr AmO JmdmZo àJVr nwîH$i Ho$br hgZmamo, ~m~-¶m, ‘hmnwê$f Ag§ {’$ê$Z naV aod§S>r ‘w¸$m‘r nmoMVo. Amho. nwT>À¶m 25 dfmªMm {dMma Ho$bm Va JmdMm ‘ÀN>r‘mar D$ÚmoJ gO©H$moQ>‘Ybo ‘mZH$ar AUmdH$a ¶m§À¶m Kar Vr WmoS>mdoi Wm§~yZ nwT>o ~-¶mM à‘mUmV d¥qÕJV hmoB©b. ‘ÀN>r‘marV AmVmÀ¶m ZdZdrZ OmVo. ’$ma nydu Vr XþnmaÀ¶m doir ^moOZmgmR>r d {dlm§VrgmR>r V§ÌkmZmMm dmna brb¶m Ho$bm OmV Agë¶m‘wio {VWë¶m AnKmVmM§ gO}H$moQ> {H$ëë¶mV Im§S>mioH$am§À¶m Kar Wm§~V Ago. g§nyU© Jmdmda à‘mU H$‘r hmoV Amho. n¶©Q>Z ì¶dgm¶mbmhr D${O©VmdñWm ¶oB©b. Amnbr H¥$nmÑï>r R>odyZ, Á¶m§Zm Xodimn¶ªV OmU§ eŠ¶ Zmhr ˶m§Zm ˶m‘wio JmdmMm {dH$mg hmoD$ eHo$b.JmdmÀ¶m emioÀ¶m gwYmaUogmR>r Xe©ZmMm AmZ§X KoVm ¶mdm åhUyZM hr àWm ApñVËdmV Ambr XmOr XoD$bH$a, amOZ AmMaoH$a, ~§Sy> namS>H$a, e¡boe Im§S>mioH$a ¶m§M§ AgUma. ghH$m¶© H$m¶‘ AgV§. emioVbr Zdr {nT>r Z¸$sM ^maVmMm gj‘, JmdmMr gm‘m{OH$ n[añWrVrhr àJVrMm AmboI dmT>dUmar gOJ ZmJ[aH$ hmoB©b Aer Amem Amho. Amho. ghH$mar Midi Xoe nmVirda gwê$ Pmbr ˶mVyZM ¶m JmdmV gO}H$moQ> n§MH«$moer ‘Ëñ¶ì¶dgm¶ gmogm¶Q>rMr ñWmnZm ‘Ëñ¶ ì¶dgm{¶H$ Zgboë¶m ‘mohZXmg Im§S>mioH$a ¶m§Zr nwT>mH$ma KoD$Z, ñdV…Mr OmJm VmËnwaVr XoD$Z gwê$ Ho$br. ‘ÀN>r‘mam§Zm ~moQ>tZm B§YZ 54

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gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr

2022

Pmbr, {H$˶oH$ CÝhmio nmdgmio Jobo, bmImo-H$amoS>mo dmhZ§ ˶m nwbmdê$Z Jobr AgVrb. nU nmdgmM§ nmUr {XdmirMr Mmhÿb ImOUmH$S>o Zo U mam gw ^ mf ‘madmS>çmÀ¶m bmJbr H$s nmohoH$m§S>n KamOdiMm nyb AOyZhr {X‘mImV C^m Amho. Agm¶M§. ~m¶H$m nmoho H$m§S>m¶bm Yݶ Vo H$bmH$ma! ‘ܶo añVm, XmoÝhr ~mOybm Ka§ bmJë¶m H$s ˶m§À¶m ‘wgim§Mm, ~m§JS>çm§Mm AmdmO BVH$m EH$m b¶rV Aer gmYr gmonr aMZm Amho JmdmMr. gwaoIm Omoer ¶oV Ago H$s, ^mOVm¶H$moU, Jmdm§V ‘°{Q´>H$H$n¶ªV emim hmoVr. ‘wb§ 94207 68299 H$m§S>Vm¶ H$moU? XmUHy$Q>nmohoHy$Q>m {ejU KoD$ eH$V hmoVr, nU J[a~r ^anya hmoVr. Ago eãX ~mobë¶mMm ^mg nmdgmi¶mV ^anya nmD$g nS>V Agbm H$s C^mKa aËZm{Jar {OëømVë¶m Xmnmobr VmbwŠ¶mV VrZ hmoV Ago. AmirV nmImS>rda, Vg§M aWdmS>r ¶m ^mJmV Iyn ~mOy§Zm Agboë¶m S>m|Jam§À¶m Hw$erV {dgmdbob§ Am{U nmUr ¶oV Ago. ‘bm AmR>dV§ Am‘À¶m ˶mdoiÀ¶m H$ݶm gmJamM§ ‘Ywa g§JrV EoH$V EoH$V dmT>bob§ ‘mP§ Jmd Ho$ier. emioÀ¶m ‘w»¶mܶm{nH$m em§Vm~mB© amOnyaH$a à˶oH$ ZmŠ¶mda ¶m JmdmÀ¶m Zmdmbm H$mhr B{Vhmg gm§{JVbm OmVmo. nydu JmdmV "emioV OmUmè¶m ‘wbtZm Kar nmR>dm' Aem ‘OHw$amMr {MÇ>r nmR>dV "H$X©br' åhUOoM Ho$ir ^anya hmo˶m. "Ho$ir AmUm¶bm Omer' åhUyZ Ag§V. Am‘À¶m "‘moR>çm ~mBªZr' hr O~m~Xmar g‘W©nUo nobbr. "Ho$ier'! ¶m Zmdmdê$Z XmoZ åhUr nU Am‘À¶m bhmZnUr ê$T> hmo˶m. JmdmVë¶m ‘moR>çm, åhUOoM Am‘À¶m d{S>bm§À¶m d¶mÀ¶m n{hbr åhU Ho$ier - AÞnmʶmbm {‘ier Am{U Xþgar åhU åhUOo ‘mUgm§M§ ì¶{º$‘Ëd A{Ve¶ ^maXñV hmoV§. EImXodoir JS>r‘mUyg Ho$ier - Hw$Ur Zmhr Amier. hm AZw^d Amåhr bhmZnUmnmgyZ KoV Amb§ Zmhr, Va ˶m§M§ Hw$R>b§M H$m‘ AS>b§ Zmhr, H$maU gmR>r CbQ>br Ambmo. Var H$mo¶Vr-Hw$Xi KoD$Z Hw$R>b§hr H$m‘ H$aʶmMr Y‘H$ hmoVr. AWm©V Vo 50 dfmªnydu JmdmVb§ g‘mOOrdZ IynM doJi§ hmoV§. JmdmV H$m‘ H$aVmZm Z ¶oUmè¶m JS>çmbm {eì¶m§Mr bmIobr {‘iV hmoVr. ¶m drO ZìhVr. ~¡bJmS>r Am{U ¹${MV gm¶H$b hr XmoZM àdmgmMr d{S>bYmè¶m ‘mUgm§M§ EH$ g‘mZ d¡{eï²>¶ hmoV§ Vo åhUOo EH$ XmoZ gmYZ§ hmoVr. Ho$ierbm "à{V A§X‘mZ' åhQ>b§ Om¶M§. H$maU Hw$Ry>Zhr AndmX gmoS>bo Va gJio {eì¶m XoʶmV Va~oO hmoVo! dmŠ¶mMr àdmg H$am¶Mm Pmbm Var nmʶmVyZ àdmg hmoVmM. EH$m ~mOybm AmS>o gwê$dmVM {edrZ§! nU ˶m§M§ Mm[aͶ {Z‘©i hmoV§, d¥Îmr namonH$mar hmoVr, Am§Oë¶m©Mr ImS>r, Va EH$m ~mOybm ‘m§{XdbrMr ZXr Am{U Ho$ierMr Am{U ì¶dhmamV gMmoQ>r hmoVr. ImS>r. ‘m§{XdbrÀ¶m ZXrda nyb ZìhVm. ZXrVb§ nmUr H$‘r Pmb§ H$s EH$ ‘Ooera àg§J Am‘À¶mM KamVbm. Am‘À¶m AmirVë¶m gmYmaU {S>g|~a ‘{hݶmV Am‘À¶m JmdmV Eg. Q>r. Mr JmS>r Ywaim {dZm¶H$ XmXm§H$S>Mm EH$ JS>r Am‘À¶mH$S>o Ambm. ‘m¶m d{S>bm§Zm CS>{dV ¶m¶Mr. Amåhmbm Iyn Aàyn hmoV§! Am‘M§ Jmd noedoH$mimV åhUbm, "" ‘m‘m, Vw‘Mm H°$‘oam Úm.'' (‘m¶m d{S>bm§Zm gmam Jm§d dgbob§. g§nyU© C^mKa AmirV nmImS>r Amho, g§nyU© XJS>m§Zr "Ho$ed‘m‘m' ¶m ZmdmZo AmoiIVmo.) ~m§Ybobr. {H$Vr ‘Oya bmJbo AgVrb Hw$Ug R>mD$H$! ~a§, EHo$H$ XJS> "" Aao, Am‘À¶mH$S>o H°$‘oam Zmhr.'' B{V ‘m‘m. Ho$dT>m Var ‘moR>m! XJS>r H$‘mZrMo nyb ho EH$ d¡{eï²>¶. eoH$S>mo dfª "" Ad§, ZmB© H$gm? hm¶! '' 55

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$

gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr

2022

{ZgJ©aå¶ Ho$ier {H$Zmam ‘m‘m erK«H$monr. "" am§S>oÀ¶m, Vwbm R>mD$H$ H$m ‘bm?'' Am‘À¶m JmdmV Ooð> A‘mdmñ¶obm {H$aH$m H$mT>m¶Mr nÜXV ""‘m‘m, ‘bm nr.dr. gam§Zr nmR>db§¶.'' hmoVr. ""gmbH$m¶ KmobH$m¶ Mbm Jmo Mbm Jmo Mbm'' Ag§ H$mimoImV ""Aao, Hw$Ur H$m nmR>doZm, Am‘À¶mH$S>o H°$‘oam Zmhr.'' AmoaS>m¶M§. bmB©Q>hr ZìhVo. Amåhmbm Iyn ^rVr dmQ>m¶Mr. JmdmVë¶m ""‘m‘m, nr.dr. gamH§$S>o gmn Ambm¶ Vmo ‘mam¶bm H$°‘aom hdm¶.'' bmoH$m§Zr AmUIr EH$ na§nam Onbr Vr åhUOo lmdU ‘{hݶmVbm ^OZ Am‘Mo {nVmlr AmUIr ^S>H$bo, ""˶mbm "H$m§~oê$' åhUVmV.'' gámh. gw‘mao 125 dfmªnydu JmdmV ‘arAmB©Mm ’o$am Ambm hmoVm. ""‘mJÀ¶m nS>drV Amho, Vo Ko Am{U bdH$a Om.'' VmnmMr d ßboJMr gmW hmoVr. AmVmgmaIr Am¡fY§, XdmImZo ZìhVo. ‘r {dMmab,§ ""Amßnm, H$mUo Amb§ hmVo?§ H$m¶ Pmb?§ {MS>bVo H$m?§'' bmoH$ Ka§ gmoSy>Z amZmV OmD$Z am{hbo. amoO ‘mUg§ ‘aV hmoVr. Xodmbm ""hm nr. ìhr. Mm eoVr Ambm hmoVm.'' eaU OmU§ hmM EH$ Cnm¶ gdmªg‘moa hmoVm. JmdmVbo bmoH$ AmVm hm "eoVr' H$moU? àý nS>bm Zm? hm JS>r EH$Xm H$mb^¡admbm eaU Jobo. XodmMr àmW©Zm Ho$br. ""Xodm, hr amoJamB© AmirVë¶m ‘wbm§Zm åhUbm, ‘r H$b‘m§À¶m ~mJoV amIUobm Agbmo H$s JmdmVyZ OmD$ Xo. Amåhr gmV {Xdg AI§S> Cä¶mZo ^OZ H$ê$.'' Xod Hw$UmMr eoVr (N>mVr) hmoV Zmhr VoìhmnmgyZ ˶mM§ Ia§ Zm§d ‘mJo nS>b§ Zdgmbm nmdbm. ^OZ gámh lÜXoZo, ^º$s^mdmZo Mmby Pmbm. BVH$s Am{U eoVr(N>mVr) ho Zm§d ê$T> Pmb§. dfª bmoQ>br AOyZhr hm gámh MmbyM Amho. Mma g‘mOm§Mo bmoH$ 313 JwT>rnmS>ì¶mbm JmdmVë¶m Omoem§Zr n§Mm§J d df©’$i dmMm¶M§. Vmg ^OZ H$aVmV, ~mH$s gJio bmoH$ nhmam H$aVmV. gmV {Xdg N>mZ ˶mM {XdgmnmgyZ JmdmVë¶m am‘mÀ¶m XodimV am‘Zd‘rMm CËgd dmVmdaU AgV§. JUoemoËgdmV Jm¡arnyOZmÀ¶m {Xder à˶oH$ nmIS>rMm OmoamV Agm¶Mm. Am‘À¶m bhmZnUr ~arM dfª ‘yi JwhmJaMo nU nbo˶m§Mm ZmM AgVmo. bm§~ Xm§S>¶mÀ¶m nù¶m AgVmV. ˶mV qMܶm, S>m|{~dbrbm amhUmao h.^.n. ZmZy~wdm Omoer 15 {Xdg H$sV©Zmbm ¶oV Vob KmbyZ noQ>dVmV. T>mob gZB©À¶m Vmbmda hmoUmam nbo˶m§Mm ZmM AgV. ^maXñV ì¶{º$‘Ëd, nhmS>r AmdmO, CÎm‘ Aä¶mg, Am{U Z¶Zaå¶ AgVmo. g§JrVmMr Mm§Jbr g‘O ˶m§Zm hmoVr. am‘mÀ¶m XodimV 11, XodrÀ¶m gmR>o AmirV CX¶ Omoer ¶m§À¶mH$S>o ~aoMXm ‘hmbú‘r hmoVo. nydu A§JmV ¶oUmè¶m ~m¶H$m Iyn hmo˶m (˶m§Zm "PmS>' åhQ>b§ Om¶M§). XodimV 8 Am{U hZw‘mZ OÝ‘ Aer 20 H$sV©Z§ gbJ hmoVr. OÝ‘mMr 2 H$mhrZm àý {dMmabo Om¶Mo. ‘bm AmR>dV§¶, ZdamÌ Pmbr H$s H$sV©Z§ gmoS>br, Va ¶mdfu bmdbobr 18 Am»¶mZ§ nwT>À¶m 5 dfmªV bmdV ZgV. ˶m§Mr {H$Vr Am»¶mZ§ V¶ma hmoVr ˶m§ZmM ‘m{hV! am‘OÝ‘ Pmbm H$s Xþgè¶m {Xder ‘hmàgmX Agm¶Mm. AmirVë¶m ~m¶H$m AmXë¶m {Xder am‘mMo H$ma^mar {dZm¶H$XmXm Omoer ¶m§À¶mH$S>o EH$Ì O‘m¶À¶m. {d‘bVmB© Omoer, CX¶Mr AmOr XþH$mZmVbr ‘moR>r H$mHy$, ‘ZwAmÎmo, gIwAmÎmo XmS>oH$a, dV©H$H$mHy$, AmemH$mHy$ n‘mMr AmB© (gmR>oH$mHy$) Aem AZoH$ ~m¶H$m nXa ImoMyZ H$m‘mbm bmJm¶À¶m. ¶m ~m¶H$m H$Yr X‘ë¶m ZmhrV. am‘mMm CËgd Mmby AgVmZmM Aï>‘r Vo nm¡{U©‘m ¶m H$mimV lr ‘hmbú‘rMm CËgd ‘moR>¶m WmQ>mV hmoVmo. hm CËgd 300 dfmªnyduMm Amho Ag§ gm§JVmV. hOmamo ^m{dH$ àgmX KoD$Z OmVmV. lr ‘hmcú‘r aWmoËgd 56

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 Am‘À¶m AmirVë¶m H$mhr ‘wbm§Mm ‘hmbú‘r hm Ioi Agm¶Mm. F$frn§M‘rMr ^mOr KoD$Z ¶m¶Mr. {Vbm ~Xbr EH$ Zmai Úm¶Mm. gJi¶m§À¶m ^y{‘H$m R>aboë¶m. EH$m bmoI§S>r IwMuV emo^m dV©H$bm Hw§$^marU gwJS>, Imnanmoi¶m§Mm Vam AmUm¶Mr. {Vbmhr Zmai Úm¶Mm. ‘hmbú‘r åhUyZ ~gdm¶Mo. n‘m gmR>o d à{V^m ~|Ðo ¶m àý {dMmaUma! EdT>§M Zìho Va JdVmÀ¶m da§S>r, ^monio, gwaU ¶m§Mo ì¶dhma ‘mYwar dV©H$ Am‘À¶mV OmÁÁdë¶ PmS>! ‘r, ‘mPr ‘moR>r ~hrU Zmaim§daM MmbV AgV. ¶m ì¶dhmam§V g‘mYmZ hmoV§. gwYmaUm§À¶m {MÌmVmB©, Aê$Um ^mJdV, ‘mo{hZr Omoer AmUIr H$mhr ‘wbr KmJa àdmhmV JmdmV ~aoM ~Xb Pmbo. ‘Owam§À¶m VwQ>dS>çm‘wio d Sw>H$am§Mm d ’w§$H$m¶À¶m. ˶m§À¶m KamV KmJar Zìh˶m åhUyZ Am‘M§ H$mhr AS>b§ dmZam§Mm Ìmg dmT>ë¶m‘wio 90 Q>¸o$ eoVr Amog nS>br. JmdmVrb ~arM Zmhr. ˶m§À¶m KamV Vm§ã¶m-^m§S§>, nmVob§, dmQ>r, Or {‘iob Vr dñVy Ka§ ~§X AmhoV. Ag§ dmQ>V§ H$s Oo {Zd¥Îm AmhoV. Á¶m§Mr Ka§ JmdmV AmhoV ’w§$H$m¶bm Mmbm¶Mr! Xgè¶mÀ¶m {Xder AmirV Ho$iH$am§À¶m Kar ˶m§Zr Jmdm§V naV ahmd¶mg ¶mdo. AmO ¶m Jmdmbm ¶m gdmªMr {ZVm§V ({VWo lram‘~wdm Omoer amhV AgV) gmoZ§ bwQ>ʶmMm H$m¶©H«$‘ Ago. JaO Amho. {XdmirMr Mmhÿb bmJbr H$s nmohoH$m§S>n Agm¶M§. ~m¶H$m nmoho 3 OyZ 2020 hm {Xdg H$moUVmhr Ho$ierH$a {dgaUma Zmhr. H$m§S>m¶bm bmJë¶m H$s ˶m§À¶m ‘wgim§Mm, ~m§JS>¶m§Mm AmdmO BVH$m {ZgJ© MH«$sdmXimZo Jmd CÜdñV Pmb§. Jobr 30-40 dfª dmT>dbobr, EH$m b¶rV ¶oV Ago H$s, ""^mOVm¶ H$moU, H$m§S>Vm¶ H$moU? XmUHy$Q> nmoamgmaIr Onbobr Zmai nmo’$irMr PmS§> S>moi¶mXoIV nS>br. Mma nmoho Hy$Q>m'' Ago eãX ~mobë¶mMm ^mg hmoV Ago. Vmgm§V hmo˶mM§ ZìhV§ Pmb§. JmdmV Aer AZoH$ Hw$Qw>§~§ AmhoV H$s, Am‘À¶m dñVrbJV ImS>r {H$Zmè¶mbm Am{U ¶mHy$~~m~m§À¶m ˶m§M§ nmoQ> ~mJm¶Vr CËnÞmdaM Amho. gaH$mar ‘XV VwQ>nw§Or {‘imbr. X½¶m©Odi Am‘Mo ‘wñbr‘ ~m§Ydhr amhVmV. ˶m§Mm D$ê$g, B©X, ˶mV KamMr Xþê$ñVr gwÜXm Pmbr Zmhr. ~mJm gm’$ H$aU§, ZdrZ ‘moha‘, ho gUhr CËgmhmV hmoVmV. H$moUr Hw$Umbm Ìmg XoV Zmhr. bmJdS> H$aU§ ¶mV IM© Am{U ‘ohZV Amho. ZdrZ bmJdS> H$ê$Z CËnÞ {e‘½¶mVë¶m nmb»¶m ‘mohëë¶mV OmVmV. ˶m§M§ ñdmJV hmoV§. {‘ion¶ªV Xhm df© OmVrb. gaH$maZo ¶mMm Jm§^r¶m©Zo {dMma H$aʶmMr {XdmirMm ’$amihr ‘wñbr‘ ~m§Ydm§H$S>o OmVmo. Xod{Xdmir ¶m {Xder Oê$a Amho. gJù¶m JmdmM§ AmH$f©U åhUOo aoS>çm§Mr Pm|~r. gJi¶m§Mm AmdS>Vm nU na‘oœaH¥$noZo JmdmV Or{dVhmZr Pmbr Zmhr. gJio {df¶. EH$Xm Pm|~r R>abr H$s, ˶m aoS>çm§Mr {deof H$miOr KoVbr ZmVodmB©H$,A‘ BV2 ~mhoaJmdMo J«m‘ñW, godm^mdr g§ñWm nmR>rer Om¶Mr. ˶m§Zm nm¡{ï>H$ Amhma XoD$Z Yï>nwï> H$am¶M§. JmdH$ar ‘moR>çm ‘XV KoD$Z Cä¶m am{hë¶m, H$mhr ‘{hݶmV Jm§d gmdab§. qhXþ-‘wñbr‘ g§»¶oZo Pm|~rñWimda OmD$Z AmZ§X KoV Ag§V. ~m§Yd EH$‘oH$m§À¶m ‘XVrbm Ymdbo. Jmd EH$OwQ>rM§ Xe©Z gdmªZm Pmb§. AZoH$ H$V©~Jma ‘mUg§ Am‘À¶m JmdmV hmoVr. gJù¶m§MmM H$moamoZm‘wio XmoZ dfª gU, g‘ma§^ Pmbo ZmhrV. ¶mdfu ‘mÌ CËgmhmZo C„oI H$aU§ BWo eŠ¶ Zmhr. nU naewam‘^mD$ Xm§S>oH$a ¶m H°$‘brZ {e‘Jm d ‘hmbú‘rMm CËgd Pmbm. hOmao ^m{dH$m§Zr Xe©Z d H§$nZrÀ¶m ‘mbH$m§Zr Jmdmda, n§MH«$moerda ’$ma ‘moR>o CnH$ma Ho$bo. àgmXmMm bm^ KoVbm. JmdmV EH$ àH$maM§ M¡Vݶ gigiV hmoV§. ˶m§Mr ^anmB© hmoUo Zmhr. g§nyU© Jmdmbm Á¶m§Mm AmXa hmoVm Vo åhUOo à˶oH$mÀ¶m Mohè¶mda AmZ§X Amog§Sy>Z dmhV hmoVm! doX‘yVu XeJ«§Wr grVmam‘~mny K¡gmg. ñnï> Cƒma, IUIUrV dmUr hmoVr ˶m§Mr. {deof åhUOo nm¡amo{h˶ H$aVmZm ˶m§Zr ¶O‘mZmbm X{jUm H$Yrhr gm§{JVbr Zmhr. Xþgao åhUOo Am‘À¶m JmdmV ~arM dfª AgUmao S>m°. Zmam¶U lrYa C’©$ XmXm ^mJdV. Jar~m§Mm S>m°ŠQ>a åhUyZ Vo à{gÜX hmoVo. Hw$UmH$S>ohr Am¡fYmMo n¡go ‘mJV ZgV. AmXamZo ZV‘ñVH$ ìhmd§ Aer hr ‘moR>r ‘mUg§ hmoVr. Am‘À¶m XmXm S>m°ŠQ>am§Mo {Ma§Ord ho gwÜXm A{Ve¶ H$V©~Jma. dm¶wXbmV ^aVr hmoD$Z ñdH$V¥©ËdmZo "EAa‘me©b' ¶m gdm}ƒ nXmn¶©V Jobo Am{U gJù¶m Ho$ierH$am§Zm A{^‘mZ dmQ>Vmo Vmo åhUOo VrZ doim amï´>nVr nXH$ {‘idUmao Ho$ierMo gwnwÌ ho‘§V Zmam¶U ^mJdV. Ho$ierMr gwH$ݶm à{V^m Ho$ed ~|Ðo, åhUOoM AmVmMr d¡embr dg§V åhgH$a hr JmdmVbr EH$ n[apñWVrZo Jar~, nU hm¶ñHy$b Am‘À`mH$S>o ñH$m°baern {‘idUmar emioVbr n{hbr {dÚmWuZr. ˶mdoir JrVm, {dîUyghòZm‘, éÐ, ‘{håZ `mMo gmVdrÀ¶m ~moS>m©À¶m n[ajoV {OëømV n{hë¶m Xhm {dÚm϶mª‘ܶo {dZm‘yë` g§ñH$ma dJ© KoVbo OmVmV Ambobr. ñdH$V¥©Ëdmda nmoï> Im˶mV ê$Oy Pmbr. Ho$ierbm 10 dfª godm H$ê$Z ‘w§~B©bm ~Xbr hmoD$Z Jobr. àm‘m{UH$nUmZo H$m‘ H$ê$Z gwnadm¶Pa ¶m Cƒ nXmdê$Z {Zd¥Îm Pmbr. 1997 gmbr "^maVr¶ lr. ‘wHw§$X Omoer ñdmV§Í¶mMr 50 dfª dmQ>Mmb' ¶m {df¶mdarb {Z~§Y ñnY}V Am‘À¶m JmdmVbr EH$ {dÚm{W©Zr g§nXm Omoer {hZo {Vgè¶m H«$‘m§H$mM§ ~{jg gm¡. gwaoIm Omoer {‘idb§. amÁ¶nmVirda ~jrg {‘idUmar g§nXm hr JmdmVbr n{hbrM ‘wbJr. ‘bm AmR>dV§ Am‘À¶mH$S>o AmVJmdMr Ymdao ZmdmMr ~mB©

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Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$

gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr

2022

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59

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gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr

2022

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Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 Job§¶. hoM Vo H$aOJmdM§ Vm‘gVrW©! Jobr {H$˶oH$ dfª hm bmb a§J ˶m Am{U ¶m ‘y V uV H$‘mbrM§ gmY嶩 AmT> i V§ . Ow Ý ¶m bmoH$m§À¶m AmH$f©UmMm H|$Ðq~Xÿ R>abm¶. Am»¶m{¶Ho$Zwgma gXa ‘yVu nwʶmÀ¶m noeì¶m§H$Sy>Z Jmdmbm ^oQ> JmdXodr ‘hm‘mB©, ‘méVrM§ XoD$i, lr Xod OmZoœa, doioœa {‘imbobr Amho Ag§ H$iV§. ‘§{Xa, lr bú‘r Zmam¶U ‘§{Xa, {dÇ>b ép³‘Ur ‘§{Xa, dmaoœa ‘§{Xa, J«m‘X¡dV ‘hm‘mB© XodrMr JmdmV XmoZ ‘§{Xa§ AmhoV. EH$ OwZ§ ñWm{ZH$ XodVm Aer ‘§{Xa§ AmhoV. ¶m{edm¶ g‘wÐmOdi ^§S>madmS>çmV nyd}H$S>o S>m|JamV Am{U Xþga§ g‘wÐmOdi. Xodi§ XmoZ Agbr Var ‘oh‘yZ em dmbr XJm© Am{U A‘Z ‘erX Aer àmW©ZmñWi§ AmhoV. {e‘½¶mMm CËgd EH$M hmo V mo . ‘hm‘mB© M m {e‘Jmo Ë gd, 2015 gmbr ~wam|S>r n§MH«$moer ^mJmVë¶m qhXÿ-‘wpñb‘ g‘wXm¶mMo bú‘rZmam¶UmÀ¶m XodimVbm H$m{V©H$s EH$mXer CËgd, OmZoœa Am{U bmoH$ nwT>Mr 100 dfª Hw$R>ë¶mhr n[apñWVrV EH$‘oH$m§er gbmo»¶mZo doioœa ‘§{XamVbm {edamÌrMm CËgd, ‘méVrÀ¶m XodimVbm hZw‘mZ amhVrb Agm gm‘§Oñ¶mMm H$ama Ho$bobm Amho. O¶§Vr CËgd, {dgw^mD$ ~oS>oH$a ¶m§À¶m KaMr XÎmO¶§Vr ho gJio CËgd lr Xod OmZoœa Am{U bú‘r Zmam¶U ¶m XmoÝhr nwamVZ ‘§{Xam§Mm gm‘m{OH$ EH$mo߶mM§ CÎm‘ CXmhaU R>abobo CËgd AmhoV. ¶WmdH$me OrUm}Õma Pmbm Agbm Var Jm^mè¶mbm hmV bmdbobm eoVr H$am¶À¶m AmYr nyU© JmdmMr Ñï> H$mT>br OmVo {Vbm Zmhr. XmoÝhr Xodim§Mr J^©J¥h aMZm g‘mZ nÕVrMr Amho Ag§ bjmV "{H$aH$m' Ag§ åhUVmV. à˶oH$ KamVyZ ^mH$ar KoD$Z ˶mda dmV bmdyZ ¶oV§. {na°‘rS> nÕVrZo D$Üd© {Xeobm {Z‘wiVr hmoV Jobobr aMZm XmoÝhr ˶mMm {Xdm añ˶mZo {H$aH$m H$mT>Umè¶mÀ¶m hmVr gmondbm OmVmo. hr Xodim§V gmaIrM {XgVo. {H$aH$m à˶oH$ dmS>rdmS>rVyZ {’$ê$Z g‘wÐmda OmVo Am{U nmʶmV lr Xod bú‘rZmam¶UmMr ‘yVu åhUOo A˶wƒ H$bmHw$garMm {dg{O©V hmoVo. JmdmVë¶m H$moʶm ‘mUgmÀ¶m ‘¥Ë¶yMr ~mV‘r nyU© EH$ Z‘wZm åhUm¶bm haH$V Zmhr. H$mù¶m XJS>mVbr lr {dîUyMr Jmdmn¶ªV nmoMdʶmM§ gmYZ åhUOo 'hmH$ KmbU§'. C§MmdaÀ¶m EH$m eofem¶r ‘yVu, nm¶mer nm¶ MonUmar ‘hmbú‘r, nm¶mer ‘Ëñ¶H$ݶm d OmJodê$Z nyU© Jmdmbm EoH$m¶bm OmB©b Aem AmdmOmV Joboë¶m XmoZ ajH$, lr {dîUyÀ¶m Zm^rVyZ {ZKmboë¶m gw§Xa H$‘im‘ܶo ‘mUgmMr ~mV‘r XoU§ hr Am‘À¶m JmdmMr nydm©nma nÕV Amho. Xe©dbobo lr ~«÷Xod, ˶mdaÀ¶m ^mJmV XmIdbobo ¶j, lr {dîUyÀ¶m JmdmMr g§ñH¥$Vr dmMyZ g‘OyZ Koʶmnojm AZw^dyZ g‘OyZ hmVmV {XgUmam X§S>, ‘yVu^modVrMr A˶§V ZmOyH$ H$moardH$m‘mMr KoʶmgmaIr Amho. dfm©Zwdf} {VWo eãX éOVmV, ~§Y OwiVmV. B{Vhmg, ‘{han, hr gd© KS>U W¸$ H$aUmar Amho. ¶m ‘yVuM§ AOyZ EH$ d¡{eï²>¶ ^yJmob dmaem§Zm Amnë¶mer ghO OmoSy>Z XoVmV. åhUOo nwʶmÀ¶m Vwier~mJoVë¶m am‘mÀ¶m XodimV AerM ‘yVu Amho. Am‘À¶m JmdmV Vw‘M§ ñdmJV Amho!

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Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$

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67

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2022

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2022

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Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$

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2022

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Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 JmdmÀ¶m ‘ܶ^mJr H$Q>oda hmV R>odyZ A»»¶m JmdmM§ Cä¶m ‘{hbm ñd~imda I§~ranUo Cä¶m AmhoV. Cä¶m {ZarjU H$aUmao Am{U Amnbo H¥$nmerdm©X H$m¶‘ Am‘À¶mda gmYmaUV… 1986 Z§Va JmdmMm {dH$mg hmoD$ bmJbm. ZiR>odUmao {dÇ>b-aIw‘mB© AZoH$ dfmªnmgyZ C^o AmhoV. H$moUr Var nmUr ¶moOZm, {d{har, añVo, àH$me¶moOZm ¶m gd© Jmoï>r hiyhiy '‘hmamO' ZmdmZo AmoiIbo OmUmao J¥hñW hmoVo. ˶m§Zr ¶m {dR>mo~m {dH${gV Pmë¶m. O¶qgJ C’©$ Am~m Kmogmio ¶m§Zm ¶m Jmoï>rM§ lo¶ aIw‘mB©À¶m ‘yVvMr ñWmnZm Ho$br. ˶m§À¶m~Ôb {deof ‘m{hVr CnbãY {Xb§M nm{hOo. ˶m§À¶m‘wio AmO JmdmV Mm§Jbo añVo ~m§Ybo Jobo AmhoV. Zmhr. ‘mÌ Ë¶m§Mm ’$moQ>mo AmOhr XodimV bmdbobm {XgVmo. ¶m XodimMr H$mhr añVo ho l‘XmZmVyZ {Z‘m©U Pmbo. "Amnb§ Jmd Amnbo añVo' ¶m nwT>Mr H$m‘{Jar VgoM ‘mbH$s h¸$ KmUoH$a Hw$Qw>§~r¶m§H$S>o Va nwOmar VËdmda gJù¶m§Zr ñdV… H$ï> H$ê$Z H$mhr añVm V¶ma Ho$bm. H$mhtZr åhUyZ nmQ>UH$a Hw$Qw>§~r¶ ¶mMr O~m~Xmar KoVmV. ¶m XodimVë¶m {dZm ‘mo~Xbm Amnmnë¶m O{‘Zr XoIrb añVm V¶ma H$aʶmgmR>r {dÇ>b-aIw‘mB©À¶m ‘yVu ¶m XJS>r AmhoV. g§J‘adar ‘{han Am{U XJS>r {Xë¶m. ‘yVu hr g§JVr emo^yZ {XgVo. ‘§{XamÀ¶m AmdmamVM EH$ N>moQ>r Kw‘Q>r AmO JmdmMr bmoH$g§»¶m Odinmg Mma Vo nmM hOma EdT>r Amho, Á¶mV e§H$amMr qnS>r, ‘méVrMr XJS>r ‘yVu Amho. ‘§{XamÀ¶m Amho. JmdmM§ d¡{eï²>¶ åhUOo AS>rZS>rÀ¶m H$mimV gJio EH$‘oH$m§Zm AmdmamV àdoe H$aVmZmM ‘moÇ>§ Ag§ ~obmM§ PmS> Amho. ˶m‘wio gmW XoVmZm {XgVmV. ‘r ñdV… AZw^dbob§ AJXr {Od§V CXmhaU lmdUmV ~ob Am{U ew^« nm§T>è¶m ’w$bm§Zr qnS>r AJXr emo^yZ {XgVo. åhUOo ‘m¶m ñdV…À¶m AmB©Mm Pmbobm AnKmV. ‘wimV AnKmV Xadfu H$m{V©H$ nm¡{U©‘m-{Ìnwamar nm¡{U©‘oMm {dR>mo~mMm CËgd CËgmhmZo Pmbm¶ ho gm§Jm¶bm gwÕm JmdmVë¶mM ‘mUgm§Mm ’$moZ Ambm åhUyZ hr nma nS>Vmo. dfm©VyZ EH$Xm Am‘Mm {dR>mo~m Jwê$‘ir ‘ܶo Agboë¶m Jmoï> bdH$a H$ibr. nwT>À¶m CnMmam§gmR>r H$moëhmnya JmR>md§ bmJb§. {dœoœambm ^oQ>m¶bm nmbIrVyZ OmVmo. hm gmohim A{Ve¶ ^md{ZH$ {VH$Sy>Z gwIê$n naVë¶mda Odi Odi A»I§ Jmd Kar ¶oD$Z AmB©bm AgVmo. Am§~oeoV JmdMr gmd©O{ZH$ JUnVr {‘adUyH$ à{gÕ Amho. ^oQy>Z-Mm¡H$er Am{U {dMmanyg H$ê$Z Job§. Odi Odi 35 dfª na§nam Agbobr hr ^ì¶ {‘adUyH$ aËZm{JarVb§ ^mVeoVr, h§Jm‘r ^mÁ¶m§M§ nrH$ KoU§ ho ì¶dgm¶ AmO AmdS> n{VVnmdZ ‘§{Xa Vo Am§~oeoV ¶m ‘mJ} Xadfu ¶oVo. ‘mKr MVwWubm åhUyZ JmdmV {Q>Hy$Z AmhoV. ~aoMXm ehamVbr emioVbr ‘wb§ AmdS> WmQ>mV ~gUmam Am§~oeoVMm amOm hr EH$ ‘moR>r nd©Ur AgVo. åhUyZ qH$dm EImÚm CnH«$‘m§VJ©V ^mV bmdUrgmR>r JmdmV ^oQ> XoVmV. ‘wbm§Zr JO~Obobm ‘im XoIUm {XgVmo. {VWo Am‘Mr n¡ar EImÚm nXdr KoVboë¶m {ejH$mà‘mUo bmdUr H$er bmdmdr ¶mM§ {ejU XoVmV. EH$X‘ {Od§V AZw^d. ¶m gJù¶m‘mJo {Zìdi ào‘ AgV§. ""øm gJbm ‘mo~mB©bda Q>mH$, C Qw>~ da, ‘Oo A‘r {Xgy gJbr''. ho EoH$VmZm bjmV ¶oV§ H$s Am‘Mr n¡ar gwÕm ZdrZ OJmÀ¶m na§nam-àWm {eH$Vm¶V. new-njr-{ZgJ© ¶m~Ôb ~mobm¶M§ Pmb§ Va ‘w»¶V… Am§~oeoVmVë¶m bmoH$m§Zr H$mhr àmUr nmibo AmhoV Ag§M åhUmd§ bmJob. H$mù¶m Vm|S>mMo dm§Xa ho g§nyU© JmdmMo KaOmdB© AmhoV! JmdmVbr åhmVmar ‘mUg§ gm§JVmV H$s nydu dmZam§Mm BVH$m Ìmg ZìhVm. H$Yr Var {Xgm¶Mo. Ambo Var PmS>m§da Mma CS>çm ‘mê$Z nwT>o ìhm¶Mo. AmVm ‘mÌ Ë¶m§Mr XheV ~gmdr BVH$s n[apñWVr {Z‘m©U Pmbobr Amho. bmoH$m§Zm KamÀ¶m Xma§-pIS>Š¶m§Mm ~§Xmo~ñV H$amdm EdT>r doi Ambobr Amho. AWm©V, dmZam§À¶m gÎmo‘wio Zonmir Jwa»¶m§Zm amoOJma {‘iVmo. ~Km gÎmoM§ ‘hËd! nmdgmù¶mV AmnUM {Z‘m©U hmoUmao N>moQ>o N>moQ>o Y~Y~o, Vir, {dÇ>b-aIw‘mB© ‘§{Xa {hadrJma PmS>r, amZ’w$b§, eoV‘io, Am‘M§ {dÇ>b ‘§{Xa, ~m¡Õ{dhma, MìhmR>m åhUOo dmS>rVë¶m ‘mUgm§Mm I~ar H$Å>m! ¶m AJXr O§Jbg’$mar H$amdo Ago añVo Am{U B§ñQ>mJ«m‘daMo arb ~KVmo¶ MìhmR>çmdaM ‘hmnwéfmM§ ‘§{Xa Amho. Ag§ åhUVmV H$s hm ‘hmnwéf H$s H$m¶ Ag§ dmQ>md§ Aer {ZgJ©aå¶ Ñî¶ BWo Z¸$s ~Km¶bm {‘iVrb. åhUOo JmdmMm aIdmbm Amho. AZoH$ {nT>çm§nydunmgyZ hm ‘hmnwéf ehamVbo AZoH$ bmoH$ Img Am§~oeoVÀ¶m añ˶mbm gH$miMr ewÕ hdm MìhmR>çmda dgbobm Amho. H$mbm§VamZo ˶mMr S>mJSw>Or H$ê$Z AmVm KoʶmgmR>r ¶oVmV. amoOÀ¶m YH$mYH$sÀ¶m OrdZmVyZ Oam ‘moH$im œmg N>mZ ‘§{Xa C^§ am{hbob§ {XgV§. amIU XoU§, Zmai XoU§, Jmd àmW©Zm ¿¶m¶Mr g§Yr Am§~oeoV CnbãY H$ê$Z XoVmZm {XgV§¶. ¶m§gma»¶m Jmoï>r ‘hmnwéfmÀ¶m gmjrZo hmoVmV. {VWyZ ¶oVmOmVm Am§~oeoVmVbr ‘bm gdmªV ^mdUmar, {Ma§VZ Jmoï> åhUOo AmnmoAmn hmV OmoS>bo OmVmV. EHy$UM H$m¶ Va Ym{‘©H$Vm hr JmdH$è¶m§Mr EH$OyQ>! BWo XodmÀ¶m Xmar gJio g‘mZ AmhoV. H$m‘mÀ¶m Am§~oeoVH$am§À¶m hÔrVM gwê$ hmoVo. {d{dY Ioi, gU, CËgd ¶m ~m~VrV gJio VËna AmhoV. doioÀ¶m ~m~VrV H$mQ>oH$moa AmhoV. MìhmR>çmda gmOao hmoVmV. JmdmV EH$ ~m¡Õ {dhma Amho. {VWo ImʶmÀ¶m ~m~VrV Idæ¶o AmhoV. b¾ Ym‘Yw‘rV bmdVrb. CËgd ~m¡Õnm¡{U©‘m, Am§~oS>H$a O¶§Vr gmOar Ho$br OmVo. OmoaXma gmOao H$aVrb. {‘adUwH$sV ^mZ hanyZ ZmMVrb Am{U JmdmVbm ‘w»¶ ì¶dgm¶ Oar eoVr, Am§~m ì¶dgm¶ Agbm EImÚmbm Im§Xm Úm¶bmhr VodT>çmM O~m~XmarZo nwT>o ¶oVrb. ‘m¶oMm Varhr ‘{hbm dJm©Zo ñdV…À¶m nm¶mda C^§ amhV OdiOdi drg Amobmdm XoUma§ ‘mP§ Jmd§ Ag§M {Ma§VZ amhmo hrM BÀN>m! ~MV JQ> gwê$ Ho$bo AmhoV. ˶m§Mo doJdoJio CnH«$‘ gwê$ AgVmV. ¶m‘wio 73

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$

gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr

2022

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Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 `oV Zmhr`o ‘bm. EH$Xm ‘r Am{U ‘mPr H$Ý`m, AJXr gH$mirM nmoQ>mVë`m Mw§~H$s` pñWË`§Vamda gVV bj R>odyZ Zm|Xr KoV AgVo. hr g‘wÐmda {’$am`bm Jobmo hmoVmo. {VWr hmoVr EH$mXer. ^aVrMr doi hmoVr, doYemim OJ^amVë`m gd© doYemim§Zm CnJ«hmÛmao OmoS>bobr Amho. nU {H$Zmè`mbJVM Amåhr XmoKr nmÊ`mV {’$aV hmoVmo. ^aVr Agë`mZo nydu doYemim AmVyZ ~KVm `oV Ago. AmVm ñdm^m{dH$nUo EH$‘oH$s¨Mo hmV hmVmV Jw§Vbobo hmoVo, Vmob OmÊ`mMr {^Vr, Am{U gwa{jVVoÀ`m Ñï>rH$moZmVyZ Amnë`mbm AmV OmVm `oV Zmhr. XmoKtZmhr nmohVm `oV Zmhr. AMmZH$ nm`mImbMr dmiy gaH$m`bm A{b~mJbm `oUmè`m n`©Q>H$m§Mr nmdb§ A{b~mJ Mm¡nmQ>rda Ymd KoV bmJbr. AñdñW dmQ>m`bm bmJb§, M¸$a `oVo Ag§ dmQ>m`bm bmJb§. AgVmV, nU `m doYemioMm doY {H$Vr OU KoV AgVrb ~a§? Amåhr bJoMM nmÊ`mVyZ ~mhoa `oD$Z em§V Cä`m am{hbmo. KS>çmimV dmObo hmoVo 8.15 åhUOo hr doi hmoVr g‘oMr. nyU© ^aVr hmoD$Z, AmohmoQ>r gwé hmoÊ`mÀ`m doiobm "g‘m' åhUVmV. {ZgJm©Mr {H$‘`m! EImÚm JmdmMm {dMma H$aVmo Voìhm EH$ àmW{‘H$ ñdénmMr CËgwH$Vm AgVo, Vr åhUOo ho Jmd ApñVÎdmV H$g§ Amb§ d Xwgar åhUOo `m JmdmM§ hoM Zmd H$g§ nS>b§ Agob! A{b~mJ ~Ôbhr ‘mPr hrM CËgwH$Vm hmoVr. A{b~mJ‘Ü`o g‘wÐmnmgyZ OdiM {hamH$moQ> {H$„²`mÀ`m CÎmaobm am‘ZmW ZmdmM§ N>moQ>ogo Jmd hmoV§ AJXr nydunmgyZ. AmOhr A{b~mJ ehamV VmoM ^mJ am‘ZmW' åhUyZM n[a{MV Amho. noedmB©Vrb Ama‘ma à‘wI gaIob H$mÝhmoOr Am§J«o `m§Zr gVamì`m eVH$mÀ`m AIoarg `m JmdmMr Zì`mZo C^maUr Ho$br d {dñVma Ho$bm. am‘ZmW'M§ A{b~mJ' H$g§ Pmb§ ho nmhU§hr AJË`mM§ Amho. `m JmdmV EH$ ~oZo BòmBbr lr‘§V ì`º$s amhmV hmoVr, {VM§ Zmd hmoV§ A{b'. `m A{bÀ`m, g‘wÐ{H$Zmar Iyn ‘moR>çm Zmai d Am§ã`mÀ`m ~mJm hmoË`m. `mdéZ "am‘ZmW'M§ Zmd ~Zb§ A{b~mJ. EH$mo{Ugmì`m eVH$mV noedmB© g§nwï>mV Ambr Am{U am`JS> Cn{d^mJ {~«{Q>em§À`m AIË`marV Ambm. 1869 ‘Ü`o Hw$bm~m (gܶmMm am`JS>) {OëømMr {Z{‘©Vr Pmbr. A{b~mJ ho {OëømM§ {R>H$mU Amho d AmVm {VWo ZJan[afX Amho. {dH|$ÐrH$aUmM§ VÎd ñdrH$maë`mZo A{b~mJ {Oëhm n[afX d n§Mm`Vr AmhoV. {edmOr ‘hmamOm§Zr g§ajUmÀ`m hoVyZo ‘amR>çm§À`m amÁ`mV {d{dY ‘moŠ`mÀ`m {R>H$mUr {H$ëco ~m§Ybo ho gdmªZm kmV AmhoM. Hw$bm~m qH$dm am`JS> ^mJmVhr AZoH$ {H$ëco Ë`m H$mir ~m§Ybo Jobo. Ë`mVrb EH$ ‘hÎdmMm à{gÕ {H$ëcm åhUOo Hw$bm~m {H$ëcm. CËH¥$ï> ^y Mw§~H$s¶ doYemim ñWmnË`H$boM§ d `moOH$VoM§ àVrH$ Agbobm Hw$bm~m {H$ëcm ho JmdmM§ A{b~mJ‘Ü`o g. H$mÝhmoOr Am§J«o `m§M§ ñ‘maH$ Am{U ^yfU Amho d n`©Q>H$m§M§ AmH$f©U Amho. B{VhmgmMr gmj XoV, ^aVr""N>Ìr~mJ' `m {R>H$mUr Am§J«o KamÊ`mVë`m namH«$‘r nwéfm§À`m AmohmoQ>rÀ`m bmQ>m§er gm‘Zm H$aV hm {H$ëcm gw‘mao 500 dfª C^m Amho. ñ‘¥Vr{àË`W© XJS>r N>Í`m ~m§YÊ`mV Amboë`m hmoË`m. AmVm Ë`m§Mo 1652 ‘Ü`o {edmOr ‘hmamOm§Zr `m {H$ëë¶mMr C^maUr Ho$br. ZrQ> ^¾mdeof AmhoV. AbrH$S>oM A{b~mJ ZJan[afXoZo gwemo{^H$aU H$éZ XoI^mb Z Ho$ë`m‘wio {H$ëë¶mMr H$mhrà‘mUmV hmZr Pmbr Amho. hm gaIob H$mÝhmoOr Am§J«o `m§Mm nyUm©H¥$Vr nwVim ~gdbm Amho. Ag§M {H$ëcm g‘wÐmV Agbm Var Amnë`mbm ‘{hÝ`mVbo H$mhr {Xdg ^aVr ZyVZrH$aUmM§ AmUIr EH$ CXmhaU ~Km`bm {‘iV§ Vo {haH$moQ> AmohmoQ>rM§ J{UV gm§^miyZ MmbV {H$ëë¶mV OmVm `oV§. hëcr Q>m§JonU {H$ëë¶mOdi Agboë`m ^ì` {hamH$moQ>À`m Vù`mM§. `m Vù`mM§ CnbãY AgVmV. gmYmaU MVwWuÀ`m g§Ü`mH$mir AmnU {H$ëë¶mV gwemo{^H$aU Ho$ë`m‘wio {VWo OmVm§Zm ‘Z àgÞ hmoV§. VbmdmÀ`m Mma OmD$Z naV `oD$ eH$Vmo. ^aVr-AmohmoQ>rÀ`m doim§Mo ’$bH$ {H$Zmè`mda {Xem§Zm ‘oKS§>~ar AmhoV, Ë`mV A{b~mJÀ`m Eo{Vhm{gH$ nmœ©^y‘r~Ôb bmdbo b o AgVmV. {H$ëë¶mM§ àdo e Ûma Iy n gw § X a Amho . ‘m{hVr gm§JUmao, ‘wÔogwXnUo {b{hbobo ’$bH$ bmdbo AmhoV. Vo dmMbo JUoen§Mm`VmM§ ‘§{Xa Amho. BWbr JUoe‘yVu COì`m gm|S>oMr Amho. Var CËgwH$ ì`º$s¨Zm ‘mJ©Xe©Z {‘iV§. Vù`m^modVr ’o$è`m ‘méZ Amü`© åhUOo Mmohmo~mOy§Zr g‘wÐmZo doT>boë`m {H$ëë¶mV JmoS>çm ì`m`m‘ H$aUmè`m§Mrhr gH$mir-g§Ü`mH$mir Mhbnhb {XgVo. nmÊ`mMr {dhra Amho. `m {H$ëë¶mÀ¶m ‘mJo Hw$bm~m ~§Xa hmoV§. {dgmì`m Vù`mbm ^oQ> XoUo hm EH$ gwIX AZw^d dmQ>Vmo ‘bm. eVH$mÀ`m gwadmVrbm BWo "am‘Xmg' ~moQ> ~wS>mbr. KaQ>r EH$ ì`º$s Var A{b~mJ `m JmdmV qhXy, ‘wpñb‘, O¡Z, Á`y Aem Y‘m©Mo bmoH$ `m AnKmVmV ‘¥Ë`y nmdbr, ‘mPo gmgao `m AnKmVmÀ`m AmR>dUr ’$ma nydunmgyZ EH$Ì amhVmV. JmdmV gmd©O{ZH$ JUoemoËgdmMr gm§JV AgV. g‘wÐ{H$Zmè`mdaM {hamH$moQ> ZmdmMm ^wB©H$moQ> {H$ëcm ‘w hÿV©‘oT> ‘mOr ZJamÜ`j d gm‘m{OH$ H$m`©H$V} n¡. nmnm^mB© nR>mU `m§Zr Amho. hm {H$ëcm 1720 ‘Ü`o Am§J«o `m§Zr ~m§Ybm. `m {H$ëë¶mcm amodbr. {d{dY Y{‘©`m§Mr àmW©ZmñWi§ BWo AmhoV. noedmB© qH$dm ‘O~yV Aer XJS>r VQ>~§Xr Amho. `m {H$ëë¶mV Am§J«o `m§Mm I{OZm Ë`mny duÀ`m H$mimVbr AZoH$ àmMrZ ‘§{Xa§ eha n[agamV AmhoV. Ago, Aer ‘m{hVr {‘iVo. AmVm {VWo {Oëhm H$mamJ¥h Amho! ~mbmOr ‘§{Xa, ‘méVr ‘§{Xa, H$mi§~mXodr ‘§{Xa, {dîUy‘§{Xa, C‘m‘hoœa A{b~mJ Jmdmbm ^yfUmdh Agbobr gwà{gÕ OmJ{VH$ ‘§ {Xa, dagmoMrM§ {dR>mo~m ‘§{Xa Am{U BVa. dagmobr Am{U H$sVuMr ^yMw§~H$s` doYemim Amho. ‘wimV Hw$bm~m BWo ñWmnZ Pmbobr H$mi§~mXodrÀ`m OÌm CËgmhmZo gmOè`m hmoVmV. ~mOmanoR>oV O¡Zm§M§ d 1904 ‘Ü`o A{b~mJbm ñWbm§V[aV Pmbobr hr doYemim n¥ÏdrÀ`m 75

Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 gw§XaarË`m ~m§Ybob§ ‘§{Xa Amho. ho ‘§{Xa ñdÀN> d gwa{jV amIb§ OmV§. ñVamVë`m J«mhH$m§Zr am`JS> ~mOma gVV ’w$byZ Jobobm AgVmo. ‘r ‘wgb‘mZm§À`m XmoZ ‘{eXr d AbrMm XJm© Amho. Á`y Y{‘©`m§M§ gw‘mao AOyZhr A{b~mJbm Jobo H$s, ‘mPo nm` AmnmoAmnM am`JS> 150 dfª OwZ§ "gm`Z°Jm°J' ho àmW©ZmñWi Amho. qnni^mQ> BWë`m lr ~mOmamH$S>o diVmV. ñdm‘r g‘WmªÀ`m ‘R>mV AZoH$ ^º$m§Mr `o-Om AgVo. hm ‘R> g‘wÐ{H$Zmè`mnmgyZ Odi Hw$eb d à`ËZerb CÚmo{OH$m AbrH$S>À`m H$mimVbm Amho. gd© Y{‘©`m§Mo CËgd qH$dm Ë`m{Z{‘Îm {dÚmVmB© nmQ>rb `m§Zr 1977 ‘Ü`o ‘`ya ~oH$ar gwé Ho$br. nXmWmªMr {ZKUmè`m {‘adUwH$m CËgmhmV, nU em§VVoV nma nS>VmV. WmoS>Š`mV {d{dYVm, ñdÀN>Vm, CÎm‘ godm, XO}Xma CËnmXZ§ hr `m ~oH$arMr A{b~mJ‘Ü`o {^ÞVoV EH$Vm Amho Ag§ {XgyZ `oV§. d¡{eîQ>ç§ gm§JVm `oVrb. "ZmVmi Ho$H$' hr Va `m ~oH$arMr Im{g`V. AbrH$S>o ~aoM bmoH$ Amhmam~Ôb gVH©$ Pmbo AmhoV, ho bjmV KoD$Z ‘¡Xm, ‘mJ}arZ `m§gma»`m dñVy§Zm n`m©`r dñVy dmnéZ ZOrH$À`m H$mimV ZdrZ nXmW© J«mhH$m§Zm XoÊ`mMm `m ~oH$arMm ‘mZg Amho. àË`oH$M {OëømÀ`m {R>H$mUr {Oëhmn[afXoÀ`m H$m`m©b`mMr B‘maV AgVo, nU Amnb§ doJionU OnUmar hr B‘maV dmñVwH$boMm EH$ CËH¥$ï> Z‘wZm Amho. àdoeÛmamda {edH$mbrZ B{VhmgmVbo àg§J Xe©dbo AmhoV. AmVë`m q^Vrdahr Eo{Vhm{gH$ KQ>Zm {MÌrV Ho$boë`m AmhoV. g§Vm§Mr dMZ§ q^Vrda dmMm`bm {‘iVmV d ‘Zmbm EH$ àgÞVm ~hmb H$aVmV. A{b~mJ ‘Yb§ H¥$frdb ho à{gÕ d¥ÎmnÌ gmVË`mZo bmoH$m§n`ªV nmohmoMV§. JmdmV âb°Q>g§ñH¥$Vr 1985 Z§Va gwé Pmbr. VËnydu bhmZ‘moR>o dmS>o hrM JmdmMr AmoiI hmoVr. AmVm dmS>o OmD$Z C§MC§M B‘maVr Pmboë`m {XgVmV. Vi‘Oë`mda ‘moR>‘moR>r XwH$mZ§ d daÀ`m ‘Oë`mda amhÊ`mgmR>r âb°Q>g² Ag§ ~Xbboë`m JmdmM§ {MÌ Amho. Joë`m 20-25 dfmªV A{b~mJ ho n`©Q>Z ñWi åhUyZ bmoH$m§Zm Iyn AmH${f©V H$aV Amho. Ë`m‘wio aoñQ>m°a§Q>g², hm°Q>oëg², bm°Oog², [agm°Q>©g², Q>°Šgr ho ì`dgm` H$mÝhmoOr Am§J«o ¶m§Mo ñ‘maH$ dmT>bo AmhoV. A{b~mJ‘Ü`o AbrH$S>o B§J«Or ‘mÜ`‘mÀ`m emim A{b~mJ `m JmdmMm {dH$mg qH$dm àJVr `m‘Ü`o XmoZ ‘moR>çm dmT>ë`m AmhoV. OwZ§ Oo. E‘. H$m°boO, A{bH$S>À`m H$mimVb§ AS>MUr hmoË`m. EH$ åhUOo Ya‘VaMr ImS>r d Xwgar åhUOo JmdmV nr.EZ.nr H$m°boO d ‘o{S>H$b H$m°boO hr VrZ ‘hm{dÚmb`§ BWo H$m`©aV 1962 n`ªV drOoMr CnbãYVm ZgU§. A{b~mJMm BVa Jmdm§er AmhoV. {d{dY àH$maMr ‘mgir, gwH$s qH$dm H$mhr à{H«$`m Ho$bobr g§nH©$/XiUdiU hmoU§ 1960 n`ªV {OH$sarM§ hmoV§. ‘w§~B©, nwUo ‘mJ} {dH$Uo hm na§namJV Mmbbobm ì`dgm` H$moir~m§Yd H$aVmV. A{b~mJH$S>o OmVm§Zm Ya‘VaMr {dñVrU© ImS>r bmJVo. hr ImS>r nma EHy$U H$m`, Va 21,000 dñVrM§ ho Jmd Vg§ em§V, gweoJmX Ho$ë`m{edm` A{b~mJH$S>o OmVm `oV Zgo Am{U Vr nma H$aÊ`mgmR>r OrdZ OJVmZm AmT>iV§. `oUmar Iar Mhbnhb drH|$S>bm `oUmè`m nyb ZìhVm. N>moQ>çm ~moQ>t‘YyZ EH$m {H$Zmè`mnmgyZ Xwgè`m n`©Q>H$m§Mr. Jmd AmR>dS>çmVbo 5 {Xdg em§V AgV§, nU e{Zdma{H$Zmè`mn`ªV JmS>çm, Q´H$ d àdmgr OmÊ`mMr gmo` hmoVr. 1958 gmbr a{ddma JmdmMm ZyaM nmbQ>Vmo. nmM {Xdg "A{b~mJgo Am`m h¡ Š`m?' ‘mPo gmgao H$moëhmnya BWyZ godm{Zd¥Îm Pmbo d gd© gm‘mZmgH$Q> ho CnhmgmË‘H$ dMZ BWbo bmoH$ gmW© H$aVmV. Va ~mH$sMo XmoZ {Xdg A{b~mJbm Amnë`m Jmdr naV Ambo. Ë`mdoir Ë`m§M§ gm‘mZ ñWbm§Va "~§~B©go Am`m h¡ Š`m?' ho n`©Q>H$m§À`m ~m~VrV gmW© R>aV§. O~m~Xma Ya‘Va OoQ>rdéZM Pmb§ hmoV§. 1960 À`m gw‘mamg Ya‘Va nyb Am{U gwa{jV n`©Q>Zì`dgm` dmTy>Z, ^m¡Jmo{bH$ joÌ {dñVmê$Z, H$m`m©pÝdV Pmbm Am{U XiUdiUm§V d dmhVwH$sV gwb^Vm Ambr. AmUIr XO}Xma gmo`rgw{dYm {Z‘m©U hmoD$Z, CÚmoJY§Xo dmTy>Z ho Jmd {dH$mgmbm nmofH$ dmVmdaU {Z‘m©U Pmb§. 1962 n`ªV A{b~mJ ^{dî`mV A{YH$m{YH$ gw§Xa ìhmd§ hr g{XÀN>m. JmdmV drO ZìhVr. da C„oI Ho$bobr ^yMw§~H$s` doYemim ho drO Z `oÊ`mM§ H$maU hmoV§. JmdmV drO Ambr Va doYemioÀ`m Zm|Xrda Ë`mMm {dnarV n[aUm‘ hmoVmo Ag§ emókm§M§ ‘V hmoV§, nU `m Jmoï>rV H$mhr VÏ` Zgë`mM§ H$ië`mda 1962 ‘Ü`o JmdmV drO Ambr. VwbZogmR>r ghO gm§JVo H$s ImZXoemVë`m OiJmd d OdiÀ`m Jmdm§V 1930 gmbrM drO Ambr hmoVr. A{b~mJnmgyZ AJXr Odi Wi-dm`eoV BWo amï´>r` Ho${‘H$b ’${Q©>bm`Pa hr H§$nZr gwé Pmbr. `m H§$nZr‘wio amoOJmamÀ`m àË`j d AàË`j g§Yr {‘imë`m. gmd©O{ZH$ joÌmVbr hr H§$nZr A{b~mJ VmbwŠ`mM§ ‘mZmM§ ñWmZ Amho. EgQ>r ñS±>S>Odi lr ~mJ {d^mJmV 1990 À`m gw‘mamg lr ~mJ ‘Ü`dVu J«mhH$ ‘§S>i `m gmogm`Q>rZo "am`JS> ~mOma' ho {S>nmQ>©‘|Q>b ñQ>moAa ñWmnZ Ho$b§. AmH$f©H$ àdoeÛma Agbobr hr ^ì` dmñVy J«mhH$m§M§ bj doYyZ KoVo. H$moH$UmVb§ ho n{hb§M {S>nmQ>©‘|Q>b ñQ>moAa. Jar~m§nmgyZ lr‘§Vmn`ªV, ñWm{ZH$m§nmgyZ n`©Q>H$m§n`ªV, bhmZm§nmgyZ ‘moR>çm§n`ªV, eoVH$ar Vo ZmoH$aXma Aem gd© 76

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2022

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Xrnmdcr {deofm§H$ gw§Xa Jmdo H$moH$UMr 2022 gw‘mao e§^a-gìdmeo Ka§ ¶m ^mJmV AmhoV. nydu ¶m§Mr ‘moR>mbr Jb~V§ hmoVr. JmdmV ‘wpñb‘ dñVr Zmhr, na§Vw Jmd dgʶmnydu Vr hmoVr ¶mÀ¶m H$mhr ImUmIwUm AmT>iVmV. JmdmV XmoZ {R>H$mUr 'nra' AmhoV. JmdmÀ¶m ‘ܶdVu ^mJmV 'Mm¡H$S>r' ZmdmMm EH$ ^mJ Amho {VWo H$~«ñVmZMo Adeof AmhoV. AUgwao JmdmV ‘Zmoha C’©$ ~m~y gmo‘U ho noemZo {ejH$ Agbobo J¥hñW hmoVo, ˶m§Zm JmdmÀ¶m B{VhmgmMr ~è¶mn¡H$s ‘m{hVr hmoVr. dZm¡fYtMm JmT>m Aä¶mg Agë¶mZo CÎm‘ d¡Ú åhUyZ n§MH«$moerV ˶m§M§ Zmd hmoV§. grVmam‘ {dÇ>b C’©$ XmXm XogmB© ho ˶m§À¶mhr AJmoXaMo JmdmVbo {ZîUmV d¡Ú. EH$mhr ‘mUgmH$Sy>Z EH$hr én¶m Z KoVm ˶m§Zr Am¶wî¶^a nyU© ‘mo’$V d¡ÚH$s Ho$br. ˶m§Mo dS>rb d¡Ú {dÇ>b H¥$îUm XogmB© ¶m§À¶mH$Sy>Z Vo d¡ÚH$s {eH$bobo. XmXm XogmB© CÎm‘ gwVmaH$m‘hr H$aV. AmUIr EH$ grVmam‘ XogmB©, åhUOoM Á¶oð> boIH$, g§ñH¥$V n§{S>V S>m°. gr. J. 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