NEUROACUPUNTURA PARA LA REHABILITACIÓN DE PATOLOGIAS LOCOMOTORAS CANINAS CONCEPCIÓN GARCIA-BOTEY. DVM; PhD PROF TITULAR REPRODUCCIÓN Y REHABILITACION
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“Métodos para la estimación de sedimentos”
Europakarte
D N
A R A L JU T A L F S P AL
Densidad de la Populacion Suiza
• populacion densa • Uso del suelo: conflicto entre la natura y la actividad humana
Hace pocos anos: elaboracion de mapas de riesgo
estimacion del arrastre de fondo= una herramienta importante para la elaboracion de mapas de riesgo y la planificacion del ordenamiento territorial tanto como para la planificacion y construccion de medidas de proteccion 2 metodos para la estimation del aporte de sedimentos en cuencas alpinas
Como determinar el aporte de los sedimentos?
Estimación del Transporte de Sedimentos a través de Depósitos Estimation of sediment transport by sediment retention reservoirs
…por una red de“medicion“…
Por la calculacion a travez de formulas…
?
Dos metodologias para la estimacion ….
Metodologia „Lehmann“
„Gertsch“
project
PH D Thesis 1993
PH D Thesis 2009
development
80 torrents, 1987-1992
58 events , 1987-2005
Estimated Process
Sediment transport
Debris flows
Estimated bed load
Bed load balances Total Bed load charge
Bed load balances Total Bed load charge
Return period 100 years
Return period >100 years
Metodologia „Lehmann“
A Handbook with description of the method is available…
Procedure to assess sediment yield in mountain streams
Collect data Study and interpret data First evaluation of mountain stream Collection and processing of discharge information
Field Work
Procedimiento de la Estimación del Aporte de Sedimentos en Torrentes
Check results of prepartion work against field conditions Assign mountain stream to a category: - no debris flow stream - debris flow stream with deposits - debris flow stream without deposits Record parameters applicable to category
Analysis
Calculation of sediment yield at the cone for the corresponding category Plausibility check and sensitivity analysis
Assessment in the field…
Deslizamiento
Flujo de Lodo
Transporte en Barranca
Fuente de erosion?
Cual de los procesos es relevante ?
Falla de la Escarpa Transporte en el Rió
Alta relevancia
Relevancia probable
Relevancia posible
Calculo con formula…
gross
Transportkapazität
Bannwald klein
Pendiente…
?
?
Dimensiones?
Aporte lateral: • Deslizamientos
espesor
? longuitud
Ejemplos para la estimacion de los volumenes…
Propuestas para cada tipo de fuente de sedimentos …
Assessment of sediment yield in mountain streams Estimación del Aporte de Sedimentos en Torrentes Procedure: Determination of sediment balance for each channel section
Procedimiento: Determinación de la Erosión y de la Acumulación para cada sección del Torrente
Level of operation: – Handbook – Theory book – Computer program for calculation
Herramientas para el Procedimiento: – Manual – Libro Especializado – Programa de Computación
...por tramos...
Estimation of sediment transport in small mountain streams Resultado de la Estimación del Transporte de Sedimentos en el Torrente “Guppenruns”
Volume
Sediment transport during a 100-year flood in the Guppenruns
Transport capacity Cross section Nr.
Sediment yield Sediment potential Deposits
Scenarios with a short and long rainfall input with a river bed widening Q = 57 m3/s
Delineation of channel parts and adjoining slope parts Possible with GIS
Extraction of input parameters
Scenario definition
qualitative, descriptive
Assessment of hillslope processes Assessment of channel processes
Bed load balances in all channel parts in dependance from scenario Total bed load at fan apex
With the aid of developped assessment matrixes for hillslopes and channel automated programme
Combined impact of all influence factors Combined impact of all influence factors is essential for bed load mobilisation Every channel part is influenced by a unique and individual combination of influence-factors Combined impact = complex During the combined impact, the different influence-factors can: cumulate each other
compete against each other
eleminate each other
I
Influence-factor do not have the same weight in each situation
Influence factors – system element-level Understanding system element studying channel part „local disposition“
Channel part to be assessed perspective
Local disposition Bed load supply Edisriederbach, Sachseln
Leimbach, Frutigen
Milibach, Meiringen
rock
limited
unlimited
Local disposition Channel gradient
Torrent de Saxé, Fully
steep erosion
Rio de Tennasses, Château-d‘Oex
flat deposition
Influence factors – interaction-level Interaction between system elements studying channel parts upstream „conditions upstream“
Channel part to be assessed perspective
Local disposition Runoff supply / catchment area above Les Creusats, Orsières
Influence factors – flip-over-level flip-over-effects in the system looking for critical constallations or processes „negative factors“
special conditions or processes release of extreme debris flows extreme erosion rates from release point untill fan apex flip-over-effect erosion rates > 30 m3/m Channel part to be assessed perspective
Release of debris flows in bastion-moraines
Rotlauibach, Guttannen (Foto: Flotron AG)
Confluence of several channels at the same location Rotlauibach, Guttannen (Foto: Flotron AG)