NEWSCLIPS

N E W S C L I P S January 20, 2023 STEEL NEWSCLIPS

AND CMO

NEWS

The steel industry accounts for roughly 8% of global CO2 emissions.

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NEWSCLIPS Table of Contents Cover Story

 Green Hydrogen: What it will take for India To become an energy exporter

 Chinese Scientists Claim to Have Developed “Ultratough but Stretchable‟ Steel

SAIL & CMO News

 Inaugaration of Product Promotion Mannual HR- Coil  DC Visit Dankuni - WH  SAIL CMO Swarna Jayanti Volleyball Trials

Steel News Section

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Steel Recycler Beats Wind Firm to Become World Most Sustainable Company

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Higher import duty on Indian Steel, Aluminium to stay till the issue of excess capacity addressed: US

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NEWSCLIPS 

The Five Major Factors Working for the Steel Industry over the Last Two mMnths

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What is Steel Scrap and How Can It Help Us reach Net Zero

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How Tata Steel turned to “Diamond Mining” retain talent:A walk-through with HR Chief

Amrit Mahotsav

 Pranab Kumar Banerjee Hooghly, West Bengal ************************************************

Pritam Saha, Chief Of Communications , PR Deptt., CMO - HQ, Kolkata Creativity & Design: Nilanjan Mitra, Sr. Exe. Asst., PR Deptt., CMO - HQ, Kolkata Visualization , Editing & Publishing :

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NEWSCLIPS Cover Story

Green Hydrogen: What it will take for India to become an energy exporter India should consider setting up a global alliance of major countries involved in green hydrogen production or import on the lines of Internation al Solar Alliance to evolve a common regulatory framework

Another key development in the EU which would impact Indian industries is the proposed implementation of Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism. (Representative image) Page 4 of 60

NEWSCLIPS The world is moving towards decarbonisation and green hydrogen has emerged as a key alternative source of energy to fossil fuels. Major economies such as the US, Canada, Australia and the EU are racing to emerge as large scale producers of low-cost green hydrogen for internal consumption as well as exports. In India too, the potential of green hydrogen has raised expectations in the government and industry circles that the country could transition from an energy importer to an energy exporter owing to its advantage as one of the lowest cost renewable energy producers in the world. The recently announced National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM) is the first step towards that objective. It aims to establish green hydrogen production capacity of at least 5 MMTPA by 2030 and associated renewable energy (RE) generation capacity of 125 GW. The NGHM also promises to develop an enabling policy framework and lay down robust standards and regulations framework to support establishment of green hydrogen ecosystem. However, for India to emerge as a serious exporter of green hydrogen, it is imperative to take note of policy and regulatory developments in key export markets and engage in early consultation through bilateral and multilateral bodies to help develop a globally acceptable regulatory framework for green hydrogen production, storage and transportation. Page 5 of 60

NEWSCLIPS European Union (EU), which has set a target of importing 10 MMTPA of green hydrogen by 2030, would be a key export market for Indian producers. The EU Renewable Energies Directive defines renewable hydrogen as hydrogen that (i) derives its energy content from renewable sources other than biomass; and (ii) achieves a 70 percent GHG (greenhouse gas) emission reduction compared to fossil fuels. In comparison, the Indian Green Hydrogen Policy (GHP) announced in February 2022 contains no reference to the level of GHG emission reduction that green hydrogen should achieve.

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NEWSCLIPS EU Directive 2018/2001 requires that the renewable properties of electricity used for the production of green hydrogen are claimed only once and only in the end-use sector. On the other hand, the Indian GHP permits renewable energy used in the production of green hydrogen or green ammonia to count towards the RPO compliance of the consuming entity, and renewable energy consumption in excess of the hydrogen producer‘s obligation may be included towards the RPO compliance of the discoms in whose area the green hydrogen project is located. (RPO stands for renewable purchase obligation — a mandate that all electricity distribution licensees should purchase or produce a minimum specified quantity of their requirements from renewable energy sources.) The Indian framework, therefore, permits the renewable properties of the electricity to be counted twice. EU has also recently issued draft rules that will apply to production of green hydrogen outside the EU and contain criteria to determine whether electricity used for production of green hydrogen can be considered fully renewable. Among other things, the rules require quarterly matching of renewable energy generation with electrolyser operation which applies until March 31, 2028 and thereafter, the rules propose hourly matching of renewable energy generation

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NEWSCLIPS and electrolyser operation for the hydrogen produced to be considered as renewable or green. The Indian GHP permits banking of renewable energy for 30 days for production of green hydrogen/green ammonia. It is evident that when the EU applies hourly matching rule, the green hydrogen produced from banked energy will not qualify as renewable hydrogen under the EU rules

MC Explains: What is National Green Hydrogen Mission and what is India‟s policy? Another key development in the EU which would impact Indian industries is the proposed implementation of Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) or the EU carbon tax from October 1, 2023. CBAM seeks to levy a carbon tax on imports of specified goods into the EU which do not attract a carbon or emissions tax in the country of production. The CBAM will initially apply to selected goods whose production is carbon intensive such as cement, iron and steel, aluminium and fertilisers. These are so-called hard-to-abate sectors where green hydrogen is expected to play a significant role in their decarbonisation. India exported 5.71 million tonnes of steel to Europe in FY 22 and once the transition period for

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NEWSCLIPS CBAM is over, Indian steel exports to EU would be subjected to a carbon tax unless they are low-carbon or green steel. While EU is yet to publish detailed rules for implementation of CBAM, its regulatory framework governing green hydrogen will have an impact on what qualifies as green steel.

The examples above show that key export markets for Indian green hydrogen are setting standards and regulations in the green hydrogen space and India needs to proactively engage with the legislators and policymakers in these jurisdictions to develop a consistent regulatory framework which finds global acceptance. In fact, India should consider setting up a global alliance of major countries involved in green hydrogen production or import on the lines of International Solar Alliance to help evolve a common regulatory framework.

Ramanuj Kumar is a Partner at Cyril Amarchand Mangaldas. Views are personal and do not represent the stand of this publication._

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NEWSCLIPS 2nd Cover Story

Chinese Scientists Claim to have ‘Ultratough, but Stretchable’ Steel

Developed

Creating ultratough steel that can also stretch has been a significant problem for scientists. However, there is a market for such a material in infrastructure and transportation as it is safe and lightweight. Photograph:(Twitter)

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NEWSCLIPS STORY HIGHLIGHTS The super-strong steel that can absorb a lot of energy during collisions would find use in the automotive, aerospace, and equipment industries since companies could shape it into intricate designs. Scientists from China claim to have solved a problem in steelmaking by creating a new kind of steel. As per the team, the newly invented steel is "ultrastrong, yet stretchable." According to researchers, the newly-found ductile metal can stretch by 18 to 25 per cent. It can also support the weight of a two-tonne automobile on a piece of steel no larger than a fingernail. The group from Northeastern University in Shenyang, Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science and Jiangyin Xingcheng Special Steel Works in eastern China, as well as the Max Planck Institute for Iron Research in Germany, issued their findings in the peer-reviewed journal Science on Friday. The super-strong steel that can absorb a lot of energy during collisions would find use in the automotive, aerospace, and equipment industries since companies could shape it into intricate designs. Page 11 of 60

NEWSCLIPS Strength and flexibitility are typically mutually incompatible. Creating ultratough steel that can also stretch was a significant problem for scientists. However, there is a market for such a material in infrastructure and transportation as it is safe and lightweight. To create steel with both qualities, the researchers developed a unique hierarchical nanostructure design for the study. In the process, they forge melted raw alloyed material at 650 to 800 degrees Celsius. Then, they let the air cool helping the material to form a unique structure. However, to cool it down further, they used liquid nitrogen, having a temperature of minus 196 degrees Celsius. Then they heated it at 300 degrees Celsius to improve stability. Lead author Li Yunjie mentioned that the manufacturing method could decrease the cost of production of a tonne of steel by about $75 and decline carbon emissions by more than 100 kilogrammes of coal equivalent per tonne. "It contributes to enormous economic benefits and promotes green development," he told South China Morning Post. (With inputs from agenices)

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NEWSCLIPS SAIL & CMO NEWS Inaugaration of Product Promotion Mannual-HR Coil HR Coil Product Promotion Manual was launched on 17-01-2023 by SAIL Directors Sh. VS Chakravarthy(Commercial), Sh. AK Tulsiyani( Finance), Sh. KK Singh (Personnel) Sh AK Singh ( Tech., Projects & RM) and ED s Sh MC Agrawal (Sales & Itd) , Sh D Kumar (M S)& S Agarwal(Mkting.)

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NEWSCLIPS SAIL & CMO NEWS DC Visit Dankuni- WH SAIL Director Commercial Sh. V S Chakravarthy made a visit to Dankuni Warehouse on 19th January 2023 . He was accompanied by ED(MS), RM(ER), GM I/c(L&O) and ROM(ER) . DC took a review of the warehouse operations and the newly implemented Integrated Vehicle Tracking System(IVTS).

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NEWSCLIPS SAIL & CMO NEWS SAIL CMO SWARNA JAYANTI VOLLEYBALL TRIALS on 12-01-2023

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NEWSCLIPS Steel News Section

Steel recycler beats wind firm to become world's most sustainable company Portland, Oregon-based Schnitzer Steel reported improvements in energy, carbon, water and waste productivity in 2021 to lead the 2023 Global 100, a list of companies which Corporate Knights deems to do the most good for people and planet.

LONDON: As boardroom bosses and billionaires mingle in the snowy streets of Davos, corporate sustainability is a key Page 19 of 60

NEWSCLIPS topic of discussion. Yet which company is the world's most sustainable Rather surprisingly, research firm Corporate Knights says the answer is Schnitzer Steel Industries, a US scrap steel recycler, which has knocked wind turbine maker Vestas Wind off the top spot. Portland, Oregon-based Schnitzer Steel reported improvements in energy, carbon, water and waste productivity in 2021 to lead the 2023 Global 100, a list of companies which Corporate Knights deems to do the most good for people and planet. "Schnitzer Steel is the first steel company to top the Global 100," said Corporate Knights CEO Toby Heaps. "If one of the world's dirtiest sectors can produce the most sustainable company in the world, then there is no excuse for any company in any sector not to step up." Companies are assessed on 25 indicators including sustainable revenue and investment, carbon productivity,

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NEWSCLIPS racial and gender diversity and must have sustainable solutions at the heart of their business models and invest to reduce their carbon footprint.

Schnitzer Steel bagged the top spot with a 74 per cent increase in energy productivity, 69 per cent increase in water productivity and 55 per cent increase in carbon productivity in 2021 – with productivity meaning using more efficiently when measured against revenue. It also reported 100 per cent of its $2.8 billion revenues and all of its $0.1 billion investment went to sustainable projects in 2021, though the report did not detail detail the projects.Schnitzer Steel did not respond to a request for comments. Corporate Knights' Global 100 is used by the likes of Goldman Sachs to construct private wealth portfolios and will serve as the benchmark for a new index fund and exchange traded fund from Canada's Mackenzie Investments this year. Though the index does not factor profitability, the benchmark has outperformed the MSCI All Country World Index (ACWI) on an annual basis for seven of the past 11 years. In 2022, the Global 100 beat the ACWI on an annual returns basis by 2.8 per cent though both were significantly down on

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NEWSCLIPS 2021 at -15.6 per cent and -18.4 per cent respectively. Between 2013 and 2022, the Global 100 returned 145.1 per cent company MSCI ACWI. "The sustainability out story performance is resilient even in a period of oil stock inflation," said Heaps. Advocates of sustainable investing say that picking companies with better environmental social and governance (ESG) scores can deliver higher returns. But the strategy has faced pushback from US politicians and policymakers who claim ESG-investing runs counter to fiduciary duty.

Second-placed Vestas' head of sustainability Lisa Ekstrand said the ranking was valuable for comparing companies in different industries on the same transparent scale, which is "notoriously difficult." Vestas uses the ranking to identify improvement areas, she said.

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NEWSCLIPS Steel News Section

Higher import duty on Indian steel, aluminium to stay till the issue of excess capacity addressed: US US Commerce Secretary’s New Delhi visit in March expected to enhance bilateral ties

Arun Venkataraman, US Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Global Markets,briefs the media ahead of the India-US CEO Forum in Delhi

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NEWSCLIPS The Biden-led US government will not remove the higher import duties imposed by the Trump regime on Indian steel and aluminium products until the ―fundamental issue‘‘ of excess capacity and the behaviours that gave rise to the problem are addressed, a senior US government official has said.

Washington has, however, taken note of the delays in issuance of visas due to disruptions caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and is doubling direct hires at its embassy in India to speed up the process, said Arun Venkataraman, US Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Global Markets, at a media briefing in New Delhi on Tuesday.

Venkataraman said Washington was upbeat about its growing economic relations with New Delhi and the forthcoming visit of US Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo in March — to convene the India-US CEO Forum and the US-India Commercial Dialogue with her Indian counterpart Piyush Goyal — will be a launchpad for significantly enhanced engagement between the two governments. Indo-US trade crossed the $160-billion threshold in 2021, but both governments believe it is far short of the potential, he said.

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NEWSCLIPS ―...we are working with the private sector to identify what are the strategic elements that we can change, to create the environment to not just hit that $500-billion (India-US bilateral trade) target but move well past that in the long term... what barriers we can remove and what steps the governments can take... It‘s our job as government to maximise the opportunities for businesses,‖ he said.

Steel import duties On the long-pending issue of resolving the additional import duties of 25 per cent and 10 per cent imposed by the Trump government on certain steel and aluminium products, respectively, from India and some other countries in 2018, Venkataraman said the US was committed to working with all its trading partners to address the problem at its source.

―The situation that gave rise to the duty is a global situation caused by very few players that have distorted the global market through non-market practices, and, as a result, have created a situation of global excess capacity. The Section 232 investigations in the US identified the global excess capacity and the consequences for how steel from other countries was being pushed into the US as a national security threat, posing

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NEWSCLIPS an existential crisis for our steel and aluminium industry. The duties have been put in place to address those concerns and to ensure a certain capacity utilisation on the part of those industries,‖ he said. Without addressing the fundamental issue of excess capacity and the behaviours that gave rise to the problem, the US will be unable to move forward towards a system where steel and aluminium can be traded, he added.

On the delays in issuance of US visas, including business visas, Venkataraman pointed out that while the government was continuing to take steps to improve the situation, some progress has already been made and the country was issuing more visas than it ever did before.

―We are doubling the number of direct hires we have to facilitate the issuance of visas here at the embassy and we are working also to bring on diplomatic spouses to work in the process…‖ he said.

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NEWSCLIPS Steel News Section

The five major factors working for the steel industry over the last two months The Nifty Metal index has gained close to 15 percent since November last year, outperforming the Nifty 50 index, which has remained flat. The markets have been volatile since the start of the year. But over the last two months, a sector that has been doing well is the Metal index. Starting November last year, while the Nifty 50 is flat, the Metal index has gained close to 15 percent. Two factors that are working in favour of sentiments - one is China's economy is unlocking. So, there will be more amount of steel and more amount of metals consumed. Secondly, the domestic steel market that was plagued because of the imposition of the export duty, that has received relief after the duty was revoked in November. Page 27 of 60

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Here are the five major factors that have worked for the steel industry in particular: The China Push There were two factors ailing the Chinese market - one was the property market and the second factor was no mobilization as people were stuck at home. Now the Chinese government and authorities are focusing on both of these, so good news from there. FIIs turning towards DLF, selling pressure on Dabur - stocks that kept dealers busy on Friday Page 28 of 60

NEWSCLIPS Chinese Steel Prices The HRC prices had corrected from around $860 per tonne at the start of our 2022 all the way to around $500. But with this unlock theme playing out, the pricing is currently at around $620-630 per tonne. So that's giving you a case that domestic prices will get some kind of support.

Domestic Steel Prices Indian steel prices were at a premium compared to their Chinese counterparts, meaning importing steel from China was cheaper.

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NEWSCLIPS That has quickly turned around. From a premium of Rs 8,000, the Indian steel makers went ahead and cut prices, while the Chinese players increased them. Suddenly the entire ratio has flipped and now you have the imported Chinese steel coming at a premium in comparison to the domestic one.

Brokerages like JPMorgan as well as BofAML they are expecting price increases of Rs 2,000 to 3,000 per tonne in the next few months.

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NEWSCLIPS Iron Ore Prices Iron ore prices have been on a tear, rising as much as 50 percent from the lows seen recently. Iron ore prices moving up give a bit of a base to steel companies as well. This is advantage to India because most ferrous companies in India get majority of their Iron ore from domestic sources. Domestic iron ore is at a discount to the imported one currently. Also keep in mind that if iron ore prices move up, then steel prices get a base, and in that context, India is relatively better placed. Finally, demand has been good. That price increase taken at the start of January has been lapped up by consumers, so that is good news. Additionally, restocking is taking place after a pause when customers stopped buying steel in anticipation of prices falling. Also in the coming quarter, the export volumes will pick up. Finally, steel and metals is not really about valuations. It's more about momentum investing and that is where we have seen the stocks run-up. But more or less on a price-to-book value basis, it is pretty much in line with what they've been trading at.

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NEWSCLIPS

(Edited by : Hormaz Fatakia)

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NEWSCLIPS Steel News Section

What is Steel Scrap and How Can It Help Us Reach Net Zero

Recycled steel scrap is a low-emitting source of the metal - here's how we can improve its collection and production to help decarbonize the Recycled steel scrap is a low-emitting source of the metal - here's how we can improve its collection and production to hel Recycled steel scrap is a low-emitting source of the metal - here's how we can improve its collection and production to help decarbonize the industry.p decarbonize the industry.industry. Recycled steel scrap is a low-emitting source of the metal - here's how we can improve its collection and production to help decarbonize the industry. Recycled steel scrap is a low-emitting source of the meta

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NEWSCLIPS  Demand for steel is still growing, especially in the developing world.

 Recycled steel scrap is a low-emitting source of the metal – but the majority of available material is already collected.

 Further optimizing steel scrap recovery will be crucial in decarbonizing steel production. From bridges to cars to paper clips, steel is ubiquitous in our material world. It is one of the enabling materials that has led to unprecedented living standard rises and progress for humanity. Yet, as with all other emitting economic sectors and material groups, the steel industry needs to decarbonize to meet the climate challenge. Its success as a material means global crude steel production is over 1.9 gigatonnes, but it accounts for an estimated 3 gigatonnes of CO2 emissions annually (albeit this is lower-emitting than most other materials potentially used for the same applications). Steel is made from either primary sources: that is, extracting iron ore from nature and transforming it into pure iron; or from secondary sources, that is, remelting steel scrap into new

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NEWSCLIPS steel, or a combination of both. This secondary-source steel scrap is the discarded steel that becomes available from manufacturing waste generation and from recovered steel in buildings, infrastructure, equipment, vehicles and products discarded at their end of life. The amount of steel scrap available globally is finite, constrained by the rate of disposal by society. In contrast, the availability of iron ore-based steel is expandable, as mine activity can be increased to meet growing steel demand.

There are Two principal Methods of Producting Steel. Image: ArcrlorMittal

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NEWSCLIPS Innate Circularity Steel has excellent circularity properties. Whereas other materials are often downcycled at their end of life, for many applications, steel scrap can be turned back repeatedly into new steel, retaining its original properties. The magnetic properties of steel make it easy to segregate steel scrap from mixed waste streams.

Gobal emissions from steel are primarily generated while producing steel from primary source iron ore, as coal and natural gas are generally used as energy and reductant. Producing steel from secondary source steel scrap uses mainly electricity and emits significantly less. In fact, producing steel from secondary source steel scrap with clean electricity results in a very low-emitting circular material.

This bodes well for steel as the world transitions to a carbonneutral circular economy, as steel will be increasingly favoured over other materials in overlapping applications with less circular and less carbon-neutral potential.

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l - here's how we can improve its collection and production to he

Steel scrap produces less emissions than iron ore steel production. Image: ArcelorMittal

Global Hunger For Steel The truth is that today much of the steel scrap that can be potentially recovered is recovered. Steel scrap has high intrinsic value as a substitute for the costly and emitting process of extracting iron ore and turning it into steel. Due to this intrinsic value as an input to make new steel and its ease of segregation, we estimate that globally 85-90% of steel

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NEWSCLIPS arising from manufacturing processes waste and end-of-life buildings, infrastructure, equipment, vehicles and products is currently recovered as steel scrap to produce new steel. The challenge to society is that steel demand is much greater than the steel scrap that is available to make new steel, with only an estimated quarter of steel demand met from steel scrap. Only when the world has sufficient buildings, infrastructure, equipment, vehicles and products to meet the needs of a fully developed world, will we be on a path to phase out iron-ore-based steel production and achieve full circularity generating sufficient steel scrap to meet demand. This will take time: though steel deployed in many mature economies has plateaued, there is still strong demand growth for steel in the developing world as they converge with developed world standards. The world is also in the middle of a transition to a carbon-neutral economy that will accelerate the replacement of many energy and manufacturing assets, infrastructure, and buildings globally. This will temporarily boost demand for materials, including steel.

We forecast global crude steel demand will increase from 1.9 billion tonnes in 2021 to over 2.6 billion tonnes annually by 2050 under current consumption patterns, even after

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NEWSCLIPS considering significant material efficiency gain. Though by 2050 end of life steel scrap‘s share in total steel production will have increased significantly, it will only account for around 44% global steel production. This is a challenge not only for steel but for all material groups.

Dealing With The Steel Scrap Challenge

While recognizing the increasing role steel scrap-based production will have in decarbonizing the steel industry, in the horizon of 2050, we need to focus on decarbonizing iron orebased steel production, as it will continue to be the primary source of steel over the coming decades. Decarbonizing iron ore-based steel production will require unprecedented levels of innovation and investment. In this context, is there anything we can do further regarding steel scrap to support decarbonization, or do we have to wait decades for steel scrap to become increasingly available to replace iron ore-based steel production? The answer is that many things can and should be done today.

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Iron ore steel is still needed – but steel scrap production can also be further decarbonized. Image: ArcelorMittal As mentioned, it is estimated that around 85-90% of steel scrap potential is recovered. This is a very high level of recovery, but based on the circularity and carbon-neutral credentials of scrap-based steel, we should strive towards even higher recovery rates. This can be done through improved waste management systems and innovative steel scrap recovery processes that can help bring recovery levels even higher.

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NEWSCLIPS Steel production from steel scrap is low-emitting if we use clean electricity in the main crude steel-making step, the electric arc furnace. Still, there are further decarbonization steps that steel scrap-based production can take to eliminate all remaining emissions. These include replacing fossil carbon injection in the electric arc furnace for biogenic carbon, and replacing natural gas use for heating in the steel rolling process with electrified heating or clean hydrogen. We also need to expand the use of scrap-based steel in certain steel applications that have limitations today. For example, a producer of high-strength steel for a vehicle body that needs to meet crash safety standards would be reluctant to use general scrap-based steel, as the chemical specifications are tight and cannot be guaranteed with the use of current scrap-based steel. In such cases, efforts should be placed on better sorting of steel scrap from different waste streams to improve quality. Also, the pre-treatment of steel scrap to improve chemical composition should be developed and incentivized. Additionally, from the product point of view, specifications on steel applications should be adjusted where possible to increase the amount of steel-scrap-based content feasible for a product.

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NEWSCLIPS Steel News Section

How Tata Steel turned to „diamond mining‟ to retain talent: A walk-through with HR chief

In an exclusive interaction with Moneycontrol, Atrayee Sanyal, VP of HRM at Tata Steel, talks about the evolving needs of talent in the manufacturing industry, ethical moonlighting, strategies for bringing down attrition and the four-tier focus on diversity.

Atrayee Sanyal, VP of HR Management at Tata Steel Page 42 of 60

NEWSCLIPS People who are leaving Tata Steel and those joining it show that the flow of talent is suddenly becoming border-less, Atrayee Sanyal, VP of HR Management at Tata Steel, tells Moneycontrol in an exclusive interview. Till date in FY23, managerial attrition is around 7-8 percent. However, the HR chief asserted that those who have assimilated into Tata Steel‘s culture stay back. ―From our core area of operations, maintenance, shared service, engineering, and projects, the attrition is very low,‖ she said. The average age of employees at Tata Steel is around 41 years. ―If they join at age 22, you would say people have lived around 19-20 years in the organisation,‖ Sanyal said. Currently, 92 percent of the senior leadership are those who have spent around 22-30 years on average at the company, depending on the leadership level. Q: How do you think the expectations of talent have changed in the heavy industry? A: Earlier, we used to think that we are a protected company and that we will not get affected by people moving in and out, people wanting to do new things and being very choosy about their jobs. That has been proved wrong. Page 43 of 60

NEWSCLIPS It's like diamond-mining now. You are waiting to see how you protect and polish your diamond (workforce) and what it is that people want. The buzz word, which we thought was only for the IT industry, called flexibility, choice, and pay per hour, are coming into manufacturing also, though to a limited extent.

People who are leaving us and an equal number who are joining us show that the flow of talent is suddenly becoming border-less. Now it doesn't matter whether you stick to a job – the definition of loyalty. This used to be a holy cow in the past. It is changing.

Q: How are you polishing your „diamonds‟?

A: People usually leave for better career opportunities in locations of their choice, with higher pay. I don't think the needle moves too much as you go up the ladder but challenging opportunities in locations of their choice is where I think we had the biggest disadvantages. Noamundi will remain Noamundi. You cannot change its look and feel. How is it in these conditions you become an employer of choice?

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NEWSCLIPS

Just as COVID kicked in, we had two modes of working -flexible and working from home (WFH). Imagine a manufacturing organisation whose white-collar workers operating in these modes, and around 5-10 percent operating from any location. This was not done in the organisation ever before.

Secondly, we allowed people to pursue projects different from their line of work based on their interests. For instance, an employee working on greenfield projects can learn the working of corporate communications. Around 70 percent of our jobs are filled up in-house, and only 30 percent come from outside. Page 45 of 60

NEWSCLIPS Thirdly, we thought of making ‗digital twins‘ of blast furnaces or sinter plants. In the pilot mode, we started with our sinter plant, which is outside the main works area and is controlled totally from a building that used to be occupied by people who now work from home. Now, we are thinking of digital twins of other parts of the chain of production. Hence, WFH might not be a thing for white-collar people only. Fourthly, we have a gig policy which is unheard of in manufacturing. It allows people of expertise – R&D, medical, ceramics specialists etc., to come in, give their expertise and then move out.

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NEWSCLIPS Q: You said some trends from the tech sector have

reached manufacturing. What is Tata Steel‟s views on moonlighting? How do you see the issue as an HR leader? A: Tata Steel hasn't taken a stand on moonlighting because we have not yet faced it. Moonlighting is possible when the knowledge is such that it can be replicated in equal measure in any other industry or any other company. We have a very strict clause that you can be employed only in one organisation for sure. Concurrent employment is against the Tata Code of Conduct.

My view, as an HR thought leader and in my individual capacity, is that just like there is ethical hacking, there can be ethical moonlighting. It is only to the advantage of broadening the horizon of people who want to experience something new.

Companies can define new thresholds of loyalty, and design better pay packages for ethically moonlighting people because you want them to moonlight, go out and experience while being loyal to your organisation.

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NEWSCLIPS Q: Anything else you want to add, concerning the digital transformation at Tata Steel? A: We have around 75,000 contract labourers and their wellbeing is primary for us. Our digital platform, ‗Connected Workforce‘, is like a Google Map, and everybody carries a ‗Suraksha‘ card. As soon as any worker is entering a high-hazard area or a place where they are not supposed to be, an alert goes to the quick response team (QRT). Just imagine having so many cameras at multiple manufacturing locations to see that people are protected.

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NEWSCLIPS Q: What is the rate of attrition and how do you predict the future in this regard? A: Overall attrition used to be somewhere around 4 percent. Among officers, non-managerial cadres used to have around 1 percent and managerial cadres would be around 5-6 percent. This year (till date in FY23), managerial attrition is around 7-8 percent. In certain functions, like HR, procurement, finance, IT and corporate services, the attrition rate is as high as 12 percent.

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NEWSCLIPS The hypothesis in my mind is very clear: people who are industry-agnostic and can wedge out using their knowledge space in any other industry will be choosing what is available to them in the best location they want. I mean you‘ve got to be thinking why a person will work in Kalinganagar when they have a choice in Amazon Bengaluru, when his/her parents are staying in Bengaluru, okay? Most importantly, those who have assimilated into Tata Steel‘s culture stay back. We have the attrition of the younger workforce. But from our core areas of operations, maintenance, shared service, engineering, and projects, attrition is very low.

Q: Can you please throw some light on the diversity and inclusion (D&I) agenda at the company? A: When we entered into the diversity journey, it was only women. Now, the focus is on diversity of at least four kinds – gender, tribal communities, LGBTQ+ and persons with disabilities (PwD). In the PwD category, we will focus on visually, orthopedically, hearing and speech-impaired people. I'm personally studying neurodiversity and the areas of the company that can focus on neurodiversity. Page 50 of 60

NEWSCLIPS

When we started a few years back, we had around 3.8 percent women, overall. The overall diversity mix (gender, tribal communities, LGBTQ and PwD) was somewhere around 16 percent. We've now jumped to around 19 percent of overall diversity. Though the women's percentage has dropped a little bit, we're not worried about it because our recruitment of women is more than 40-45 percent in numbers.

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NEWSCLIPS Q: Please share more details on the initiatives. A: On the recruitment front, we have decided to on-board 4045 percent of women or diverse people. Further, we have a ‗Women of metal‘ programme where we catch females young in the second year of their engineering degree through a contest. It gives us 1,300-1,400 CVs of women every year from engineering colleges for manufacturing. Around 50 of them make it to the competitions and eventually 10 of them get selected every year.

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NEWSCLIPS We also have gone into transgender hiring in a big way. This is the reason why I call Tata Steel ‗the agile gentle giant‘ because, within eight months, we had 100 transgenders enter the workforce. We have put efforts from sensitisation to changing their medical policy to making hormone treatment available and training them for their roles.

On the managerial level, we recruited 10 transgenders throughout the ‗Queerious‘ contest in business schools and got a database of more than 280 people.

For retention, there are a host of policies, such as allowing women to travel with their small babies and maids at the workplace, adoption leaves for trans communities, parental leave for single fathers equivalent to maternity leave, etc.

We are restricted by one thing by the government – there are no night shifts allowed for women in Jharkhand, which is our major area of operations. Just last month, we got permission in Kalinganagar in Odisha. Once it changes, we'll have more bandwidth to take women.

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NEWSCLIPS Q: Can you share a ballpark number concerning how many people are with Tata Steel for over 10-15 years? A: You must have heard our CEO TV Narendran speaking in various forums that we have six generations of people working. More than 45 percent of our workforce has been with the company for more than 10 years. This is despite the fact that we have done massive hiring in the last few years and have added significant number of people to our workforce.

Currently, 92 percent of our senior leadership are in-house and they have stayed on. The average age that a leader spends is around 22-30 years, depending on the leadership level.

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NEWSCLIPS Q: How has the working model evolved at Tata Steel? What does the future look like? A: We are largely a physical company. If any employee wants to operate four days from the office and one day from home, it is allowed. That mode is available to 100 percent of our whitecollar officers. Overall, not more than 5-7 percent of our people are on absolute work from home, mainly in IT and procurement. Besides, there is no attendance– people are free to go, and the intimation goes to the superior. Then you don't have to swipe a card to enter your office. All that is gone.

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NEWSCLIPS Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav

Pranab Kumar Banerjee Hooghly, West Bengal The path to Indian Independence is p The forces of Raja Chait Singh of Banaras defeated the

forof Gnor-Ge

neral

Warren Hastings by

the steps of the Chait Singh Ghat. Pranab Kumar Banerjee was one of the people who joined the revolutionary movement during his student life in Bengal.

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NEWSCLIPS He was born on 5th January 1924 in a poor Brahmin family in Bainchi village of Hooghly district, West Bengal. Pranab Kumar Banerjee was very talented among the four children of father Shri Kanti Chandra Banerjee and mother Smt. Sailabala Devi. He passed his matriculation from Boinchi B L Mukherjee's Free Institution, Bainchigram. From the time of studying in school, the spirit of freedom was awakened in Pranab‘s mind and he secretly started to keep in touch with the revolutionaries. He vowed to break the chains of subjugation of Bharat Janani and make her free.

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NEWSCLIPS

In 1942, when the Quit India Movement was launched all over India, some students decided to burn the office of the ‗Union Board‘ in Bainchigram. In the thick of night in October, the students set fire to the ‗Union Board‘ and it was completely burnt down. After that, Pranab Banerjee, Viswanath Mukherjee, and Krishna Chowdhury successfully managed to escape from the authorities. But the next day onwards, Pranab Kumar Banerjee and his family were tortured by the Britishers.

Banerjee was finally caught at his relative‘s house in Bainchi Batika on the night of Kali Puja in 1942. He was first transferred to the Alipore Central Jail and later to Presidency Jail. During his imprisonment, he had to bear ruthless torment from the colonialists. While in jail, he discussed the revolutionary movement with other revolutionaries including the likes of Atulya Ghosh and Vijay Modak. Finally, after 18 months of imprisonment, i.e. in March 1944, he was released from jail and again took an active role in the revolutionary movement.

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NEWSCLIPS

After independence, he got a job at the Calcutta Tramways Company. Although he did not receive a freedom fighter pension while in service, he received a pension after retirement and was awarded a Copperplate (TamraPatra) by the Government of India in the year 1972. He passed away on 15 June 1999 and as per his last wish, his family donated his body to the Calcutta Medical College for the benefit of medical science.

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NEWSCLIPS ant amount had been demandly failed, they prevented the

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