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3.5.1 Review: Seeing the World through New Eyes Spanish I Core Sem 2 (S2588549)
Review Name: ____________________
Date: ____________
Introduction You have learned a great deal about travel. You know how to to proceed at the airport and at the train station. You know how to communicate while on vacation, whether you are shopping or camping. You now can talk about different climates and geography. You certainly can see the world in Spanish! You know how to use the direct and indirect object pronouns. You can politely command someone, and you can express 'to know' in the appropriate manner. Here is a review of everything you have just learned. Then, there are several activities that will show you how much you know and what you might want to review again. The answer keys can be found after the exercises so that you may check your work. Use these exercises as a point of departure for studying for the test. ¡Buena suerte!
1. Direct Object Pronouns Do you remember the direct object pronouns? Remember that that they are used to replace a direct object noun. Remember that the direct object in a sentence answers the question 'who' or 'what'. Veo a Julia. Who do I see? I see Julia. Therefore, Julia is the direct object. Veo las flores. What do I see? I see las flores. Therefore, las flores is the direct object. When we want to replace the direct object noun, we use the direct object pronouns.
Direct Object Pronouns yo me
nosotros nos
tú te
vosotros os
Ud. (formal) lo/la él, lo (it, m.) lo ella, la (it, f.) la
Uds. (pl) los/las ellos (m.) los ellas (f.) las
Do you remember where to put the direct object pronouns in sentences? Remember, if there is only a conjugated verb, the direct object pronoun precedes the conjugated verb. Take a look. ¿Visitas a tus abuelos los domingos? —Sí, los visito los domingos. ¿Escuchan Uds. a la profesora? —Sí, la escuchamos. Do you remember what happens when there is a conjugated verb followed by an infinitive? Remember you have a choice! The direct object pronoun may precede the conjugated verb (as above) or it may attach to the infinitve, forming one word. Take a look. ¿Me vas a llamar esta noche? —Sí, te voy a llamar esta noche. http://acecontent.apexlearning.com/Live/online/spanish_I_sem_2_c/Unit_3/Lesson_5/Activity_19177/printables/Review420345.htm?showAnswers=true
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—Si, voy a llamarte esta noche. ¿Van Uds. a visitarme mañana? —Sí, vamos a visitarte mañana. —Si, te vamos a visitar mañana. You also learned that you have a choice with the pronoun position with the present progressive. The direct object pronoun may precede the conjugated verb or it may attach to the present participle forming one word. ¿Estás leyendo el periódico ahora? —Sí, lo estoy leyendo ahora. —Sí, estoy leyéndolo ahora. ¿Estás haciendo la tarea ahora? —Sí, estoy haciéndola ahora. —Si, la estoy haciendo ahora. ¡Ojo! If you choose to attach the pronoun, you have to remember to put the accent mark on the appropriate syllable. The stress on the present participle without a pronoun is on the next to the last syllable, the –an of – ando and the –ien of –iendo. When you add the pronoun, you have to add the accent mark to maintain the original stress of the word. (HINT: Count back three vowels, and you will find the right place for the accent mark.) Furthermore, you learned where to put pronouns with affirmative command forms. They must follow and attach to the affirmative command. Remember? Escríbalo. Visíteme.
2. The Personal A Do you remember the personal a? Remember, it appears before direct objects referring to people or beloved pets to give extra emphasis to the direct object. Siempre visito a mis abuelos los domingos. (Grandparents are people.) Voy a ver a Mariela en la fiesta. (Mariela is a person.) Llamo a Rafa, mi perro. (My dog Rafa is a beloved pet.)
Siempre visito el museo. (The museum is not a person.) Voy a ver la televisión esta noche. (The television is not a person.) Los cocodrilos comen los ratones. (A general statement; no beloved animals involved.)
3. Indirect Object Pronouns Do you remember what an indirect object is? An indirect object answers the question 'to whom' or 'for whom' of the verb. Les hablo español a los estudiantes. (I speak to whom? To the students) http://acecontent.apexlearning.com/Live/online/spanish_I_sem_2_c/Unit_3/Lesson_5/Activity_19177/printables/Review420345.htm?showAnswers=true
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Le corté el pelo a mi hijo. (Whose hair do I cut? I cut my son's hair.) Mis primos me escriben muchas cartas. (To whom do my cousins write letters? To me.) Here are the indirect object pronouns in Spanish.
Indirect Object Pronouns to/for me me
to/for us nos
to/for you te
to/for you (informal) os
to/for you (formal) to/for him le to/for her
to/for you (pl) to/for them les
Did you notice in the examples above that the indirect object pronoun appears in the sentence with the indirect object noun? That is because the indirect object pronouns in Spanish are not really pronouns because they do not always replace the indirect object noun. Rather, they are more like indirect object signals or indicators to give you more information about or to clarify the subject of the sentence. In Spanish, the indirect object noun may appear with or without its companion, the indirect object pronoun, depending on how clear the sentence is. Take a look. Le doy un regalo a mi primo. To whom do I give a present? To my cousin. Les explicamos la lección a Roberto y a Carmen. To whom do we explain the lesson? To Roberto and Carmen. Note the personal a here! Les digo la verdad. To whom do I say the truth? To them. 'Them' may already be clear through the context of the conversation, so there is no need to include specifically who 'they' are. The placement of indirect object pronouns is the same as the placement for the direct object pronouns. Preceding the conjugated verb: Le explico la lección. Preceding the conjugated verb when there are two verbs: Le voy a hablar mañana. Attached to the infinitive when there are two verbs: Voy a hablarle mañana. Preceding the conjugated verb when there is a present progressive verb: Les estoy hablando. Attached to the present progressive verb: Estoy hablándoles ahora. http://acecontent.apexlearning.com/Live/online/spanish_I_sem_2_c/Unit_3/Lesson_5/Activity_19177/printables/Review420345.htm?showAnswers=true
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Attached to an affirmative command: Hábleme.
4. Dar: To Give An appropriate verb to learn when learning the indirect object pronouns is the verb dar because one generally gives something to someone. Review the present conjugation of dar:
Dar — To Give yo doy
nosotros damos
tú das
vosotros dais
él ella da usted
ellos ellas dan ustedes
Here are some examples of how to use dar. Notice the other structures you've reviewed so far, including the personal a and object pronouns. Les doy muchos regalos de Navidad a mis amigos. Mis padres me dan dinero. ¿A quién le das mucho respeto? Les damos mucha ropa a Rosana y Lucía.
5. Ud. Command Forms You also learned how to ask someone to do something using the Ud. command form. Do you remember how to form it? Remember, you need to refer back to the yo form of the present tense. Remove the final o, and add the opposite ending. That is, for –ar verbs, add –e. For –er and –ir verbs, add –a.
yo form
Take off the final o
Ud. command form
hablo
habl–
hable
cierro
cierr–
cierre
como
com–
coma
escribo
escrib–
escriba
pierdo
pierd–
pierda
duermo
duerm–
duerma
conozco
conozc–
conozca
traigo
traig–
traiga
hago
hag–
haga
vengo
veng–
venga
tengo
teng–
tenga
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digo
dig–
diga
oigo
oig–
oiga
Of course, you learned that there are exceptions. That is, you learned that there are Ud. command forms that are irregular and do not come from the yo form. Do you remember the exceptions to the rule? Have a look. ser
sea
ir
vaya
dar
dé
You also learned what to do with pronouns when they are used with the command forms. Whether the pronoun is a reflexive pronoun, direct object pronoun, or indirect object pronoun, it must follow and attach to the affirmative command form. On the other hand, the pronoun must precede the negative command form. Have a look. Levántese / No se levante Visítelos / No los visite Hábleme / No me hable Notice that when a pronoun is added, a written accent mark must be used on the syllable that is stressed inthe original command. (HINT: count back three vowels and add the accent mark to the third vowel: hábleme.)
6. Saber and conocer You already know that the verb saber means 'to know'. You recently learned that there is another verb meaning 'to know'—conocer. Do you remember the forms of the verb conocer? Note the only irregular form is the yo form.
Conocer — To Know yo conozco
nosotros conocemos
tú conoces
vosotros conocéis
él ellos ella conoce usted
ellas conocen ustedes
What is the difference between saber and conocer? Let's review.
Saber
Conocer
To have knowledge or information Sé el poema de memoria. ¿Sabe Ud. dónde vive Juan? No sabemos cuándo es el examen.
To be acquainted with a person, place or thing Conozco a Juanita. (Note personal a.) ¿Conoces San Diego? Conocemos la música de Santana.
To know how to do something ¿Sabes nadar? Yo sé cocinar muy bien.
To have met someone (in the preterite) Conocí a Monste el jueves.
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Here are some more examples: No sé si puedo ir a la fiesta esta noche. Mi padre no sabe esquiar. Tengo que saber todas las fórmulas para la clase de matemáticas. No conozco al hermano de Pablo. Mis padres conocen un buen restaurante italiano. Mi hermana conoce muy bien España.
7. Vocabulary to Travel With You learned how to travel in Spanish. Do you remember all the new vocabulary?
At the airport el aeropuerto
airport
la línea aérea
airline
el/la agente
agent (male, female)
el pasaporte
passport
el visado
visa
facturar el equipaje
to check baggage
pasar por
to go through
el control de seguridad
security
la aduana
customs
el avión
plane
cancelado
cancelled
retrasado
late
la puerta
gate
despegar
to take off
aterrizar
to land
el vuelo, volar
the flight, to fly
la tarjeta de embarque
boarding pass
el cinturón de seguridad
safety belt
registrar
to search
el viaje, viajar
the trip, to travel
el boleto
ticket
de ida y vuelta
round trip
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sencillo
one way
At the train station la estación de tren
train station
la sala de espera
waiting room
el mostrador
ticket counter
el andén
train platform
la vía
rail track
el pasajero/la pasajera
passenger
el asiento de pasillo
aisle seat
el asiento de ventanilla
window seat
el revisor
conductor
la maleta
suitcase
la llegada
arrival
la salida
departure
la primera clase
first class
despedirse
to say goodbye
Once you arrive, enjoy the vacation—in Spanish, of course:
Enjoying your Vacation las vacaciones
vacation
pasar las vacaciones
to spend one's vacation
la playa
beach
tomar el sol
to sunbathe
relajarse
to relax
el teatro
theater
el museo
museum
la discoteca
club, discotheque
la atracción turística
tourist attraction
agitado
hectic, stressful
el estrés
stress
no seas pesado
don't be a drag
pasear
to take a walk / ride (for pleasure)
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gastar dinero
to spend money
el hotel
hotel
el restaurante
restaurant
la montaña
mountain
acampar
to camp
hacer un viaje
the trip
corto
short
Now, enjoy the geography:
Geography el continente
continent
el sur
south
el océano
ocean
el este
east
el oeste
west
el norte
north
el mar
sea
la isla
island
el país
country
el paisaje
landscape
variado
varied
la selva
jungle
el bosque
forrest
el desierto
desert
el clima
climate
el río
river
la variedad
variety
la naturaleza
nature
la nieve
snow
cubrir
cover
el lugar
place
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Shopping ir de compras
go shopping
la jugetería
toy store
los juguetes
toys
la tienda
store
la mercancía
merchandise
la librería
bookstore
la floristería
florist
la tienda de ropa
clothing store
el almacén
department store
la joyería
jewelry store
las joyas
jewelry
los relojes
watches
los collares
necklaces
el anillo
ring
la tienda de recuerdos
souvenir store
la camiseta
tshirt
comprar
to buy
pagar dinero
to pay money
el oro
gold
la plata
silver
la ropa
clothing
Do you remember how to talk about colors, textures, and fabrics?
Colors and Textures rojo
red
anaranjado
orange
amarillo
yellow
verde
green
azul
blue
morado
purple
blanco
white
negro
black
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beige
beige
rayado
striped
con lunares
(with) polka dots
brown
marrón
tela tejana
denim
algodón
cotton
lana
wool
seda
silk
cuero
leather
duro
hard
suave
soft
encaje
lace
hilo
linen
lavable
washable
inarrugable
permanent press
pequeño
small
mediano
medium
grande
large
oscuro
dark
claro
light
rosado
pink
gris
gray
You may prefer to go camping:
Camping ir de campamento
to go camping
temprano
early
estar encargado de
to be in charge of
la tienda
tent
el saco de dormir
sleeping bag
la frazada
blanket
el botiquín de primeros auxilios
first aid kit
la almohada
pillow
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el entretenimiento
entertainment
es decir
that is to say
la caña de pescar
fishing pole
la lombriz – lombrices
worms
el anzuelo
fishing hook
el servicio de plástico
plastic ware
la olla
boiling pan
la sartén
frying pan
acampar
to camp
You may want to drive while on vacation. Do you remember this vocabulary?
Taking a Drive renovar
to renew
la licencia de conducir
driver's license
llenar
to fill
el formulario
the form
registrar
to register
el choque
crash (noun)
la violación de estacionamiento
parking violation
el grifo de agua
fire hydrant
un dineral
a lot of money
las reglas del tránsito
traffic regulations
el examen de práctica
driving test
encender el motor
to turn the engine on
frenar
to put the brakes on
las luces intermitentes
turn lights
manejar
to drive
el departamento de tránsito vehicular
department of motor vehicles
You may go somewhere to enjoy nature:
Nature los animales salvajes
wild animals
el bosque húmedo
rain forest
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los pájaros
birds
las aves
birds
el pelícano
pelican
los peces
fish
el pico
beak
el gavilán pescador
kingfisher
el tucancillo
aracari (small toucan)
la serpiente
snake
el sapo
frog
la hoja de la selva
a leaf in the jungle (selva is another word for rainforest)
la tortuga
turtle
el puercoespín
porcupine
mono (adj)
cute
el perezoso
sloth (note that this is the same word for 'lazy')
el mono capuchín
capuchin monkey
el mapache
raccoon
el mono tití
redbacked squirrel monkey or titi monkey
destruyendo el hábitat
destroying the habitat
la mascota
pet
el perro
dog
la perra
dog
You also learned some useful idioms and expressions. Remember that even though dar means to give, it is also used in many phrases to mean something else.
Spanish phrase
English translation
Literal translation
dar una vuelta
to take a ride
to give a turn
dar un paseo
to take a walk
to give a walk
dar asco
to make sick
to give nausea
dar gato por liebre
to deceive (about the value of something)
to give a cat for a rabbit
dar rabia
to make angry
to give anger (to someone)
dar ánimo
to cheer up
to give soul (to
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someone) darse cuenta de
to realize
to give (oneself) an account of something
hacer caso
to pay attention
to do / make a case
hacerse el tonto (la tonta)
to play dumb
To do / make the fool
hacer un viaje
to take a trip
to make a trip
tener cuidado
to be careful
to be careful
tener ganas de
to feel like…
to have the desire / will of…
tener chispa
to be witty
to have (a) spark
no tener ni pies ni cabeza
not to make any sense
not to have feet or a head
volverse loco (a)
to go crazy
to go crazy
volver a + infinitivo
to do something again
to return to something
de mala gana
reluctantly
entre la espada y la pared
between a rock and a hard place
between the sword and the wall
no veo la hora de
I can't wait to…
I can't see the hour of…
Más vale tarde que nunca
Better late than never
it is worth more late than never
Vale la pena
It is worth it
to be worth the pain / hardship
al aire libre
outdoors
in the free air
tomarle el pelo a alguien
to pull someone's leg
to take the hair of someone
Review Exercises Now that you've had a chance to go back over the material you've learned, see how much you've retained by doing the following exercises. An answer key is available—remember, peeking only hurts your review!
Multiple Choice Complete each sentence with the most appropriate vocabulary word or verb translation. 1. Voy a viajar en tren. Me gusta ver todo el paisaje. Por eso, quiero un asiento de . A. pasillo B. ventanilla C. embarque 2. ¿Quieres llamar a Jorge ahora? –Sí voy a llamar en dos minutos. http://acecontent.apexlearning.com/Live/online/spanish_I_sem_2_c/Unit_3/Lesson_5/Activity_19177/printables/Review420345.htm?showAnswers=true
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A. me B. te C. le 3. Señora, ¿le traigo más café? Gracias, señor, más café, por favor. A. tráigame B. traigo C. trae 4. Voy a ir a Costa Rica y nunca voy a volver. Voy a comprar un boleto . A. de ida y vuelta B. de primera clase C. sencillo 5. doy muchos regalos de Navidad a mis amigos. A. le B. les C. me 6. Cuando viajamos a otro país, hay que pasar por . A. la aduana B. el control de seguridad C. el mostrador 7. ¿ Ud. dónde está el Parque Colón? A. Conoce B. Sabe C. Hace 8. Quiero un viaje a Chile. A. salir B. llegar C. hacer 9. El tren sale del número 3 en siete minutos. A. andén B. mostrador C. sala de espera 10. Me gusta ir a la playa para . A. esquiar en la nieve B. ir de compras C. tomar el sol 11. En el Mojave hace mucho calor y no llueve mucho.
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A. playa B. desierto C. bosque 12. Para comprar anillos y collares, voy a . A. la juguetería B. la joyería C. la mercancía 13. un buen restaurante mexicano. No está lejos de aquí. A. Sé B. Estoy C. Conozco 14. Quiero ir de compras, pero no quiero mucho dinero. A. gastar B. ganar C. buscar 15. Para pescar, ponemos unas lombrices en . A. la frazada B. la sartén C. el anzuelo 16. Los gatos siempre buscan . A. a los perros B. los ratones C. los monos 17. El vendedor no me dice la verdad. Me . A. da gato por liebre B. hace cola C. se da cuenta 18. El revisor le dice al pasajero, "Por favor, su boleto." A. doy B. déme C. da 19. Esta tarde voy a visitar mis padres. A. leave blank B. a C. de 20. En este momento, estoy un cuento a mi hermanito.
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A. leyéndole B. leyéndolo C. leyéndome
Short Answer – un poco de todo Answer the following questions using complete sentences, or complete the sentence with the correct vocabulary. There are specific instructions for some questions. 21. ¿A quién le hablas español?
22. ¿Vas a visitar a tus tíos? (Answer with a direct object pronoun.)
23. Señorita, ¿le escribo la dirección del teatro? (Answer with an affirmative or negative Ud. command form.)
24. ¿Cuál es lo opuesto de despegar?
25. Siempre hay mucha gente en el aeropuerto. Hay que esperar mucho. No me gusta cola. 26. ¿Cómo es el de Puerto Rico? –Es tropical. Hace calor y llueve mucho. 27. ¿Siempre escuchan Uds. a la profesora? (Answer with a direct object pronoun.)
28. ¿Adónde vas para comprar libros?
29. Voy a el equipaje en el mostrador. 30. ¿Les escribes cartas a tus primos que viven en España?
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