ivet.edu.au 1300 00 IVET IVET Institute: RTO ID: 40548 Produce digital images for the web ICTWEB305 This unit describes the skills and knowledge required to produce and manipulate images for use in website development. The unit applies to individuals working as web designers and content creators, who generate and apply digital images and create graphics for a website. STUDENT RESOURCE

CONTENTS Elements and performance criteria........................................................................................................................................3 Introduction.......................................................................................................................................................................................5 Digital files..........................................................................................................................................................................................7 What is a codec? ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................7 Destructive versus non-destructive ..........................................................................................................................................................................10 File management.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................14 Copyright..........................................................................................................................................................................................15 Image editing software.............................................................................................................................................................. 17 Introduction to Adobe Photoshop .........................................................................................................................................18 Creating a new document.................................................................................................................................................................................................19 How transparency and layers work in Photoshop.................................................................................................................................... 20 Working with a client brief ....................................................................................................................................................... 23 Sourcing images..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................23 Resizing or cropping an image ....................................................................................................................................................................................26 Adding text to an image......................................................................................................................................................................................................29 Converting a layer to a smart object.....................................................................................................................................................................30 Uploading image files to servers .......................................................................................................................................... 32 Folder structure and websites........................................................................................................................................................................................32 Getting sign-off from the client................................................................................................................................................................................... 33 Conclusion......................................................................................................................................................................................34 Suites 210 – 212 189E South Centre Road Tullamarine VIC 3043 © IVET Created: 12/1/23 Version: 1.0 The content of this publication is produced for educational purposes only. No claim is made to its accuracy or the authenticity of the content. The information in this document is provided on the basis that the reader takes responsibility for assessing the relevance and accuracy of the content. No responsibility is taken for any information or services which may appear on any linked websites. IVET Group does not accept any liability to any person for the information or advice (or the use of such information or advice) in this document or incorporated into it by reference. All content, unless otherwise indicated, is the intellectual property of the IVET Group. 2

ELEMENT PERFORMANCE CRITERIA Elements describe the essential outcomes. Performance criteria describe the performance needed to demonstrate achievement of the element. 1. Determine client requirements 1.1 Access and interpret requirements brief 1.2 Determine and analyse client needs with regard to digital image content, quality and size 1.3 Research and source required images according to organisational and copyright requirements 1.4 Select applicable industry-standard, image-editing software 2. Source and manipulate images 2.1 Create a range of effects using features of image-editing software 2.2 Edit and resize images according to web application requirements 2.3 Create backups of assets to be used 3. Save and upload images 3.1 Save images in required formats and maintain their individual effects 3.2 Upload images to applicable server 3.3 Link images to required web pages 3.4 Save images in applicable directory structure 3.5 Check digital images meet client requirements and confirm with required personnel ICTWEB305 Produce digital images for the web Elements and performance criteria 3

Performance evidence The candidate must demonstrate the ability to complete the tasks outlined in the elements, performance criteria and foundation skills of this unit, including evidence of the ability to: y produce at least three different digital images for the web according to client requirements. In the course of the above, the candidate must: y adhere to copyright standards and legislation y save images in required format and location. Knowledge evidence The candidate must be able to demonstrate knowledge to complete the tasks outlined in the elements, performance criteria and foundation skills of this unit, including knowledge of: y industry standards and copyright legislation applicable to using digital images y digital image formats and their application y industry-standard digital image editing software y purposes, specific functions and key features of common digital systems and tools y organisational policies and procedures, including procedures for: y accessing client briefs y sourcing and saving digital images required web content. For more information on this unit of competency visit: https://training.gov.au/Training/Details/ICTWEB305 4

Introduction Digital images are everywhere. They’re on your phone, on your computer, on billboards, on posters; but what makes up a digital image? How does it go from one device to another and still look the same? Digital images are made up of a collection of pixels stored in an array (a grid), with each pixel having a colour assigned to it. Simply put, if an image is 640 x 480, there are 640 individual pixels across and 480 rows down. So, if you zoomed into an image, you would see something akin to the following picture (see next page). The pixels’ density makes the image recognisable by the human eye as an image, and not a collection of dots. This is referred to as DPI or dots per inch. With images on the screen, the eye requires 72 DPI to blend the picture, but you need a minimum of 300 DPI for print. Otherwise, the image will blur or distort. 5

ICTWEB305 - Produce digital images for the web Each pixel contains a code that references a specific colour that has a colour value attached to it. These colour codes are referenced and recreated in similar fashions on different computers, which is how an image can be transferred from one computer to another or viewed in a browser on the internet. The user can know that this is how the image is supposed to look. Below is the reference for a colour pixel for skin tone. 6

Transparency 48 281 Trillion 7

ICTWEB305 - Produce digital images for the web For example, a GIF formatted image has a limit of being 8 bit, which means it can have a maximum of 256 colours. It is, however, a lossless compression codec (which we’ll get to shortly), so it works well for illustration and graphic artwork. JPEG’s are 24 bit which means they can contain a total possibility of 16,777,216 colours. The human eye can see approximately 7,000,000, so a 24-bit image exceeds what we can intelligibly see and is therefore photo-realistic. JPEG’s, however, use lossy compression. 32 bit images contain an extra 8-bits of greyscale information known as an alpha channel; this allows us to create and embed masks and transparency into an image. PNG’s, TIFF’s and PSD’s can save in 32 bit and are lossless codecs. A lossless codec implies that each individual pixel stores its own data, whereas a lossy compression will average out a range of pixels to an approximate value. By averaging this data, the codec can reduce the file size. For example, the image below is shown without compression. 8

This image is compressed in JPEG at the smallest file size. You’ll notice a compression artifacts around objects in an image where it tries to blend pixels in a cluster. Therefore, it’s important to understand that reducing file sizes may impact image quality. 9

ICTWEB305 - Produce digital images for the web Destructive versus non-destructive When producing digital images, you should be trying to maintain the highest quality image right throughout. You need to factor that with lossy compressions such as JPEG’s, you are losing image data every time you save the file. This is also known as image baking, and you cannot get that information back. This is why the preference is to work in a non-destructive file format such as Photoshop’s default PSD format; alternatively you could work in a multi-layered TIFF format. File formats and types There are two main ways of recording data for an image; in raster format, stored in pixels (as we’ve already introduced) and in vector format. Raster based images have a problem if you need to make the image bigger. You can try this by taking a small image and trying to make it ten times bigger, but what you’ll find is it gets ‘blocky’. That’s because the software doesn’t know how to interpolate the image data, multiplying the pixels. Look at the following image. This is what happens when we try to increase the original size of our image. And if we tried to go bigger again. Not only it not ideal, it’s also unusable. 10

Vector-based images are resolution-independent. They are designed more for illustration style pieces or elements such as logos or text. That’s because they use mathematical equations to draw lines and fills, which means that you can scale as large as you want without image distortion. For example, with the brush stroke below: We can increase the scale of it... ... without any loss of image detail. 11

ICTWEB305 - Produce digital images for the web Raster image file types JPEG (or JPG) Joint Photographic Experts Group PNG Portable Network Graphics GIF Graphics Interchange Format TIFF Tagged Image File PSD Photoshop Document PDF Portable Document Format RAW Raw Image Formats A JPG file is the most common file type and one you will find on the internet or when you shoot a photograph on your phone. It uses compression to cluster pixels together; the higher the compression, the smaller the file size, but as we’ve already established with this – the more information is potentially lost. Every time you resave a JPG file, you lose data. PNG is a lossless compression that maintains pixel integrity; with this you don’t lose information each time you save your file. Files are inherently larger than JPG’s but will be of higher quality. Depending on your final image resolution, they may or may not be suitable for distribution on the internet. GIF is a lossless compression but is limited to 256 colours. Because of this lower colour range, they have smaller file sizes. A GIF can be a single image or an animation loop. A TIFF is a larger industry-standard file size that retains all of the image information when you are saving. It is a suitable format, therefore, to work on when manipulating and editing images. The file sizes, however, are too large and impractical for distribution. PSD is the native file format that you use in Photoshop. It allows you to save image information and manipulation in a non-destructive format, which means you can always go back to your original version. PSD’s will enable you to save and group layers of elements within your image so that you can make changes afterwards. For example, if you wanted to type text on top of an image and then decide later that you want to reposition it, you can do that in a PSD file; you cannot do that in a JPG as the changes you make are baked into the image and can’t be undone. PDF files are displayed with Adobe Acrobat or through your browser; they are useful for distributing documents and images in a format that retains specific layout or design choices. PDF is similar to the traditional printing of documents and is used for digital magazines and letters, or the distribution of other documents. RAW image files come from shooting on a smartphone or DSLR camera. These are large files that contain a lot of additional image information, allowing you to make subtle changes to your image after you’ve shot it. These allow you to correct mistakes you may have made in image exposure or making colour adjustments. 12

Vector image file types AI Adobe Illustrator Document SVG Encapsulated Postscript AI files are the native format for Adobe Illustrator. This format records the strokes, line work and fills in vector format, allowing for total control and manipulation of all of your elements. It is an extremely powerful format for vector artwork. SVG is the format used for vector graphics that are distributed on the internet and can be used for logos or artwork. It is a flexible format that can also include animations. Complete the following questions nominating the optimal image format for each scenario. Briefly explain why it is the correct choice. 1. I want to export a photo to upload as a profile picture for Facebook. 2. I want to send a t-shirt design to a printing company. 3. I’ve taken a photo on a professional camera and I’m sending it to be professionally edited. 4. I’m editing an image in Photoshop and need to share it with a colleague LEARNING ACTIVITY 1 What format to store the file as 13

ICTWEB305 - Produce digital images for the web Baked versus unbaked When working in an image software application such as Photoshop, you can either work in a baked format with your source file as a JPG or with layers in an unbaked format that will require you to save your file as a PSD format. An unbaked format is preferable in that you can go through and make changes to the elements within each of your layers. Layers allow you to blend elements, adjust transparency and apply effects to an image. You will export your final image as a baked image. This means that any layers we have been working with will be compressed into one; with a baked image you cannot go back and remove text or retrieve what was originally in the separate layers. That is why it is essential to ALWAYS KEEP AN UNBAKED SOURCE COPY OF YOUR FILE. File management It is important with files that you name them correctly and use version control so that you can correctly retrieve your file at a later date. When you are producing a digital image, you may spend several hours or even days working on a single picture. You might need to save multiple versions with subtle variations for sign off for the client. For example, you might be producing an image with a logo on top of it and create three different versions with the logo in slightly different positions on the image so that the client can choose which one they like the best. Also, if a client comes back to you six months later asking for a change to an image you produced, you need to retrieve the correct document to update the work. A couple of handy tips: y Create a folder for each project and use a recognisable folder name such as the client’s name with the project title so if you were producing an image for the Caledonia Council for their winter fête, the folder name might be: Caledonia_Council_Winter_Fete_2021 y When saving image files, use the project name and then a detail of the image contents so our images for Caledonia Council might be: CCWF21_logo_left_margin_v1.0 y Keep a digital log of changes made to a file; this could be in Excel, especially if multiple people might be wanting to access the file and make changes. y If you make a change, it is preferential to do a Save As and make a new version rather than overwriting the original as once you save and overwrite your original file you cannot get it back. 14

Copyright Copyright law protects someone when they design a range of things; this might be a logo, the manufacturing of a product, or the production of a photograph, either by shooting it or creating it digitally. The instant someone shoots a photograph, it becomes an entity protected by copyright. The same goes for a manipulated or composited image produced in Photoshop; as long as they hold right to the original elements. In most cases, by default, the ownership of the image belongs to the photographer or the digital artist. What this means is that you cannot simply go and grab images off the internet to use in your work – especially if it is commercial work – this is classed as copyright infringement. You have three options when producing a digital image. They are: y shoot the photographs yourself y purchase the rights to stock images y source an image that is either public domain or released under a creative commons licence. Shooting the image yourself can work, if for example, you are producing a website for a business and need images of their location. Depending on your skills as a photographer, you could make them with a DSLR camera or shoot them on your smartphone. However, it may be more professional to commission a professional photographer to undertake the task. If you cannot produce the image yourself, you can explore licencing a stock image photograph and then manipulating it to complete the client’s needs. The basic concept of image licensing is that you are paying for the right to use the image, but not buying the image itself. This means that multiple people can use the same image; they retain the right to manipulate the image, crop it, or layer text over the top of it. However, the original copyright holder – whether it be the photographer or the website that licences the images – owns the exclusive on the image’s intellectual property rights. This is why it is important with the stock image that you are licencing to check the permissions of what you can and can’t do with the image. You might be granted permission to use it on a website but not be allowed to attach it to product branding. To purchase the rights to a stock image, you can either have a subscription that might allow you access to a certain amount of images per month (such as Adobe Stock) or pay a fee for the use of a single image. Some examples of commercial stock image libraries include: iStock http://www.istockphoto.com/ Veer http://www.veer.com/ Getty Images https://www.gettyimages.co.uk/ Fotolia http://en.fotolia.com/ Adobe Stock https://stock.adobe.com/au/ RGB Stock http://www.rgbstock.com/ Fotosearch http://www.fotosearch.com/ Morguefile http://www.morguefile.com/ Stock.XCHNG http://www.sxc.hu/ Flickr http://www.flickr.com/ Openphoto http://openphoto.net/ Shutterstock https://www.shutterstock.com/ 15

ICTWEB305 - Produce digital images for the web More recently, there are also websites that grant you free access to stock images or use creative commons licencing arrangements. These may require you to credit the photographer on the website or publication in exchange for allowing you to use the image without payment. A creative commons agreement is a legal binding contract that you agree to when you download the image. You should always read the agreement to make sure that it fits within the terms of what you want to use it for. Some examples of websites that offer free use of creative commons licenced images are: StockSnap.io https://stocksnap.io/ Pexels https://www.pexels.com/ Unsplash http://unsplash.com/ Burst (by Shopify) https://burst.shopify.com/ Reshot https://www.reshot.com/ Pixabay https://pixabay.com/ FoodiesFeed https://foodiesfeed.com/ Gratisography https://www.gratisography.com/ Freestocks.org http://freestocks.org/ Picography https://picography.co/ Foca https://focastock.com/ Picjumbo http://picjumbo.com/ From the list below, think about when you would need to have an original photograph and when it might be more appropriate to use a stock image library. A sunset at the beach A new café that has opened up A smiling child A pair of headphones A sad old man Cooking in the kitchen LEARNING ACTIVITY 2 Choosing an appropriate photo 16

Image editing software There are a variety of software applications that allow you to manipulate or edit images. The industry standard is Adobe Photoshop which has extremely powerful tools that enables you to manipulate, edit, apply filters and composite elements into an image. There are other commercial software packages that, while they may not have the same features or functions as Photoshop, may be an alternative. They include: y Corel Paintshop Pro y Luminar 4 y GIMP y Canva y Fotor y Photo Pos Pro For this unit, we’ll be looking at Adobe Photoshop. 17

ICTWEB305 - Produce digital images for the web Introduction to Adobe Photoshop Photoshop is the industry-standard software application for producing, editing, and enhancing photographs, illustrations and 3D artwork. With the tools inside Photoshop, you have the ability to compose, edit, and manipulate images across multiple layers using a mixture of masks, transparencies, and colour spaces. With the right preparation and knowledge of the software, you can make anything you can imagine a reality. Photoshop has been around since 1987, and with each new version, there are new features and functions available. Some of the tools available within the software are quite advanced and can take many years to master, but you should be able to develop the skill sets to do basic image manipulation and adjustments within a short period of time. The screenshots in this unit are taken from Adobe Photoshop 2021, operating on a PC running Windows 10, but will work on older versions of Photoshop – including those being run on a Mac. If the location of the icons is different, consult the help manual. You can open the software application by either going to the start menu or typing photo into the search bar. By selecting this, it will then launch the application. When Photoshop opens, it will display a list of available resources or tutorials. You can either create a new document, if you are starting from scratch, or you can open an existing document. 18

Creating a new document If you want to create a new document, click on Create New which will then bring up the New Document window. This is where you set the parameters of your image size. It is important here to understand that when you export your image, you can always resize it down but should try to avoid resizing up. Therefore, the document size you choose to work in should reflect the type of work you are producing. Photoshop provides a series of templates that can help you choose what size you think you’ll need, including presets for printing to paper, delivery on the web and other options. This will be determined by the requirements of your client brief (which will be discussed shortly). 19

ICTWEB305 - Produce digital images for the web Within the presets, you can set the width and height of the image; by default, it will be in pixels which is how you measure digital images. However, if you were printing to a specific size, then you could have the image measured in millimetres or centimetres. You can also specify the colour mode and whether the image has a solid background colour or is transparent. How transparency and layers work in Photoshop With a document in Photoshop, you can have multiple layers which you can shift the order of around. The layer that sits on the top is the layer that is in the front of the document. Each layer can then be blended to influence the layer below, and the opacity can also be adjusted so that a layer can be solid, opaque or invisible. You can toggle the visibility of the layer on and off and drag layers at any time to change the order in which they blend. The layers tab sits on the bottom right-hand side of the screen. 20

In this image, we have the background image and then a text layer. If we turn the visibility of that layer off, then it disappears from view. If you turn the layer back on and set the visibility to 40%, this is the result. Then you can see that the Welcome text is semi-transparent. 21

ICTWEB305 - Produce digital images for the web At the top of the screen are the drop-down menus including tools for: y editing y adjusting the image settings y changing elements within a layer y controlling text y making selections y applying filters y working in 3D y viewing settings y plugins y window setting y help. Down the left-hand side you will find user-specific tools for undertaking tasks. These include selection marquee tools, selection tools, crops tools, spot healing tools, brush tools, type and a bunch of other tools. With Photoshop, there are always multiple ways to undertake a task. You could select a tool by clicking on the respective tool on the menu, or you could use a short cut key to make the selection. To save a file. We go FILE > SAVE or FILE > SAVE AS if we want to save an alternate copy: If we are using more than a single layer, Photoshop will default to saving as a PSD; this is the native file format for Photoshop, and you should aim to keep all your working files in this format. 22

Working with a client brief When producing work for a client, you will usually be provided with a client brief. These may be distributed to you via email or stored in a network folder for you to access as work comes in. A client brief is an explanation of the expectations of the client, as well as the technical requirements of the work to be produced. Sometimes there will be a degree of creativity involved, other times producing work may be more of a functional design. It is important, however, to undertake each job with the same level of enthusiasm and professionalism. For example, if a client brief said that they need an image of a tropical beach to promote a Hawaiian themed party that will be a fundraiser for the business, but that they need it cropped to meet a certain size, then that would be sufficient to produce a digital image. If they also said they wanted text on the image, then you would need the details of what the text was to say, and if there was a set font that was required, or a style of font suggested. The more details the client brief has, the easier it will be to fulfil the needs of the client. Quite often, when working with a client, you may like to provide multiple options for images. This gives them the opportunity to explore ideas and see what they like. You might offer three different options for an image; that could include different framing, or text, or colour palette. A client may, or may not, respond to the work you have done and may ask for changes to be made. This is a normal part of the creative process. Sourcing images As already stated, you may have the opportunity to produce your own photographs for use in your digital image. If this is not an option, then you will need to source a stock image to complete the task. Your organisation may have a subscription to a site like Adobe Stock, or you may be provided with a budget to licence an image, or, alternatively, you may need to source an image through creative commons. You should always record where you sourced an image from and keep a record of the rights management of the image. This could help to avoid any unforeseen complications that may arise months, or even years after the image is originally used. Let’s take a look at searching on the Adobe Stock website. Following on from our previous example, we want to look for a tropical Hawaiian beach image. So, we use ‘tropical’ and ‘Hawaii’ as our keywords. 23

ICTWEB305 - Produce digital images for the web Stock images are indexed based on keywords that either the photographer has suggested, or people have tagged the image with. You may need to think broadly about the type of keywords to find a suitable image and this may require multiple searches. This search returned a possible 365,303 results. We can then select one you think would be appropriate and click on it. It will show us the image and licence options as well as any subtle alternatives to the image. If we like the image, then you pay the licence fee or agree to the terms and conditions of the download, and then you are able to access the image. 24

We can then open the image up in Photoshop and start manipulating it. In the bottom left of the Photoshop screen, we can see the resolution of the image; this one is 5810 pixels by 1936 pixels at 300 ppi (or pixels per inch). This is a good size to keep as our original document. 25

ICTWEB305 - Produce digital images for the web Resizing or cropping an image Sometimes an image resolution may not be the same as required for output; it could be larger than required or it may not be the right aspect ratio. There are two ways to resize an image; you can resize the entire image or you can crop the image. Resizing the image adjust the pixels in the image whilst keeping the entire contents. Cropping the image means that you trim edges off the canvas. You will often use a mixture of resizing and cropping to resize an image. Normally you will be asked to resize the image to standard image sizes for web delivery. As shown in the following diagram. 26

So, say we have been asked to resize this image for use as a full banner (468 x 60). We will then need to resize the width of the image and then crop the height. By going to Image > Image Size, we can then enter 468 for the width. We see that this adjusts the height to 156 which we then need to crop. 27

ICTWEB305 - Produce digital images for the web By going Image > Canvas Size, we can then adjust the height. You can nominate where the anchor will crop from; will it take equal frames from the top or bottom, or be central? It will warn us that clipping will occur. Click Proceed. We can then ‘Save As’ to export the new version. You should not do a ‘Save’ as this will overwrite your original file. In your Save As settings you can choose the format that you want to export the image in. Here we choose a JPEG and type in the filename and click Save; the file is now saved. We can then close down the document and start on the next image. 28

Learning Checkpoint 1 1. What is a client brief? 2. If a client requires images for print, rather than web delivery, what must you factor when sourcing images? 3. List three places you can source images 4. What is Photoshop? Spend some time learning the basic tools and functions of Photoshop. Source some images and experiment with cropping and resizing them and then exporting them as JPEG’s. LEARNING ACTIVITY 3 Cropping and exporting images Adding text to an image We can apply text to an image by using the Type tool. The Type tool is indicated by a T on the left-hand tool bar. Selecting this will then bring up the Character window (see right) which is where you can choose the font and font size as well as text colour. A text layer will appear in the Layers channel: Find an image on Unsplash that you could use to create a fake movie poster. https://unsplash.com/images/stock/creative-common Use a variety of fonts and the stock image to create a dramatic movie poster. LEARNING ACTIVITY 4 Creating a logo 29

ICTWEB305 - Produce digital images for the web Converting a layer to a smart object Let’s go back to our original image. Say we wanted to apply a filter to it. We can apply a variety of filters or images adjustments to each layer, but a handy way to experiment in Photoshop is through the use of smart objects. What a smart object allows you to do is run a sequence of commands on a layer and then be able to control and adjust them individually. To convert a layer to a smart layer you can right-click on the layer (see image left). Now if you go Filter > Filter Gallery (see image right) you’ll see a range of filter options available. 30

We’re going to choose a Stylize > Halftone Pattern here with a shade of blue as the key colour selected. The resulting image is this. Over in the layers panel we can toggle the smart filter on or off to see the results. As you get more advanced in Photoshop you will start to understand how the layering of filters can influence the design and look of your work. Learning Checkpoint 2 1. What are two ways you could manipulate an image in Photoshop? 2. Why should you keep backups of source files? 3. Why should you resize images when preparing for web delivery? 31

ICTWEB305 - Produce digital images for the web Uploading image files to servers Images to be embedded into a web page will need to have specific details applied to them in order to display correctly. You will need to know what the required image size will be as well as the file format and naming conventions. Many websites will be built with placeholder content in place and you will then need to upload the images to the correct folder. You might use a FTP client manager to directly access a folder structure or you might upload the images and content via a web interface. If you are overwriting existing files on the server, you should make sure that backup copies are kept and that you have correct sign-off to upload the updated versions. Remember that once an image is loaded onto the server it will be live for all to see. Also, accidentally deleting files can cause errors on anyone viewing the website so it’s a good thing to consider when you upload content to a server. Always refer to your organisational policies and procedures on protocols and measures for managing or uploading online content. Folder structure and websites Websites are structured with links to files that come from the web page. Images, for example, might sit in one folder and videos in another. These folders might sit under the source web folder. It is important, therefore, to make sure that when you upload images, that they are inserted into the correct folder, and that they link back to the web page correctly. There are two ways of linking an image file; they are absolute, or relative. An absolute web address includes the full domain name with http:// www. Absolute links are essential for linking to an external website. A relative link is relative to the source file so a link to an image folder underneath the current folder would be /images/imagefilename.jpg Use a FTP Client Manager or Web client to upload images to a web server. This might be through the use of a software application such as FileZilla or through your Web Browser based on what policies and protocols your ICT department have available. Step through the process of selecting a local file on your computer and then uploading it to the desired server allocation. LEARNING ACTIVITY 5 FTP Client Manager 32

Getting sign-off from the client You may be provided with a test server address to upload files before they go live. This will give you an opportunity to get sign-off from the client. Sign-off is a term that means that the client has approved the use of the image. Sometimes when you send images to a client for approval, they may come back with suggested alterations or changes. This may require you to do additional work before sending them back. This is a normal part of the process and can often be due to a client brief not detailing something specifically or the brief evolving from the initial outset. In the table below you will see a summary of the client brief and the image the designer has produced. Explain whether you think the client will be happy with the resulting image or not, and why? Client Brief Delivered Image Client Happy? A new Dog Food company is looking for a new mascot image to put on their branding. A family ski holiday A banner image for a café Fresh produce at a supermarket A children’s playground LEARNING ACTIVITY 6 Fulfilling the client’s request 33

ICTWEB305 - Produce digital images for the web Conclusion Photoshop is an extremely powerful tool used for both high-end image conceptualisation and manipulation to the batch processing of images and simplified tasks. As such, it is a tool that can take years to master; and even then, you might only touch the surface of the available features. There are often multiple ways to complete a single task. A handy way of learning a new skill set is by using online tutorials and reverse engineer from their end result to achieve a desired look or feel. Learning Checkpoint 3 1. What is the difference between Save and Save As? 2. What are two ways you could upload a file? 3. What is the difference between relative and absolute links? 4. Why do you need client sign-off before uploading files? 5. Why should you make sure that the images are saved in the correct folder on the server? 34

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