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CONTENTS

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Legal Foundations News Story: Proposed Online Streaming Bill C-11 Could Discriminate Against American Firms Opinion: Made-In-Canada Electric Vehicle Chargers

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Rights & Freedoms News Story: Terminally Ill Woman Asks Supreme Court of Canada to Decide Constitutionality of Covid-19 Vaccine Requirement Mississauga Community Legal Services (MCLS)

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Criminal Law News Story: 8 Teenage Girls Charged With Killing of a Toronto Man Legal Career Profile: Prime Minister Justin Trudeau

Legal Foundations Proposed Online Streaming Bill C-11 Could discriminate Against American Firms By: Mickey Djuric Published on: Jan, 11, 2023 The United States Embassy in Ottawa says it has concerns that the federal Liberals' controversial online streaming act could discriminate against American companies. In a statement to The Canadian Press, an embassy spokesperson said U.S. officials are holding consultations with businesses about how Bill C-11 could affect their operations. "We have ... concerns it could impact digital streaming services and discriminate against U.S. businesses," Molly Sanchez Crowe said in the statement. The bill aims to update Canada's broadcasting law so it reflects the advent of online streaming platforms such as YouTube, Spotify and Netflix. If the bill passes, such platforms would be required to contribute to the creation of Canadian content and make it accessible to users in Canada — or face steep penalties. The proposed law has come under intense scrutiny amid accusations from companies and critics who said it left too much room for government control over usergenerated content and social-media algorithms.

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Some Canadians worried new legislation could change how they stream media CRTC chair says online streaming bill won't police user-generated content, algorithms CRTC could force YouTube,

and Spotify to 'manipulate' algorithms, under proposed streaming bill The chair of the Canadian Radiotelevision and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC), which would be given new enforcement powers under the bill, disputed those concerns during a Senate committee hearing last month, though some lawmakers said they were still concerned about vagueness in the bill's wording. YouTube, which is owned by Google, has said it's not concerned about being regulated further. But it has maintained that the bill would engage in artificial promotion of certain content and give the government control over what users see.

Opinion:

Made-In-Canada Electric Vehicle Chargers One of the most recent news that has been brought to Canadians’ attention is the enormous investments that are being made in

the electric vehicle supply chain, which is more commonly known as the EV supply chain. Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has visited the facilities of EV charger manufacturer FLO in Shawinigan, Quebec, to highlight and bring more attention upon made-in-Canada chargers. Many Canadians, including myself, are extremely enlightened and look forward to these investments. If Canada does in fact start producing electrical vehicles, it will provide and secure a wide range of new jobs, which then grows our economy and assures that it is reliable and stable for all Canadians. The government looking into the EV supply chain and business also provides Canadians with a healthy, green, and fresh environment, as it will have the ability to lessen Canada’s air pollution and will generally have a cleaner impact on the environment. The process of this inevitably great plan is rest assured to be costly, nonetheless, it will provide access to EVs to all Canadians. The government of Canada has announced that it has invested more than $1.2 billion in EV projects to build around 84,000 chargers by the year 2027, in which many of them are already in service.

Rights & Freedoms Terminally Ill Woman Asks Supreme Court of Canada to Decide Constitutionality of Covid-19 Vaccine Requirement By: Todayville Published on: Jan, 14, 2023 An unvaccinated transplant candidate filed a court application last week asking the Supreme Court of Canada to hear her case against Alberta Health Services (“AHS”) and six doctors who removed her from a high priority organ transplant waiting list because she refused to take the Covid-19 vaccine. Sheila Annette Lewis is dying of a terminal illness. She has been challenging the constitutionality of Covid-19 vaccine requirements for transplant candidates put in place by AHS, an Alberta Hospital, and six transplant doctors, for more than a year. She was unsuccessful at both the Alberta Court of Queen’s Bench and the Alberta Court of Appeal in 2022, with both levels of court finding that the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (“Charter”) does not apply to the Covid-19 vaccine policies of AHS, the Alberta Hospital where she would receive her transplant, or her transplant doctors. Both courts also dismissed her claims under The Alberta Bill of Rights. Ms. Lewis’ Supreme Court of Canada Leave Application focuses on the national importance of her case. She hopes to convince the highest court in Canada to hear her case and make definitive findings on:

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Whether doctors working within a provincial government transplant program are immune from scrutiny under the Charter

and provincial bills of rights legislation; Whether government health care providers such as AHS can avoid Charter scrutiny of their policies which are similar to doctors’ policies for transplant candidates; and Whether it is constitutional to remove a dying person’s chance at life-saving surgery when she does not agree to take a novel drug still in clinical trials. She asks the Supreme Court of Canada to clarify provincial health care providers’ obligations under the Charter to patients within their provincial health care programs, the role of the Charter and provincial bills of rights legislation in the health care sphere, and whether the Charter protects dying Canadians’ rights to life without a condition of taking an experimental drug that has caused injury and death.

Mississauga Community Legal Services The Mississauga Community Legal Services is a public and legal clinic that is funded by Legal Aid Ontario and governed by a board-directed team of volunteers residing in Mississauga. MCLS provides free legal advice and services to low income families and individuals currently living all over Mississauga. Some of the services they offer include legal advice, representation in courts and when coming in contact with the law, as well as brief services (helping with negotiations). They are sought out to mainly provide services in certain areas of the law, as they are incapable of supplying advice/service in every aspect. The areas of law in which they specify are the ones that affect low-income Mississauga residents the most. Legal information regarding family abuse and violence, criminal law, debt and consumer rights, elder services, family law, health and disability, income assistance, refugee law, tribunals and courts, wills and powers of attorney, and youth law, are all examples of legal advice that is provided by the MCLS. They are also able to help in many different ways, especially in topics relating to affidavits, employment and work/jobs, government benefits, housing law, human rights, immigration law, and workplace injury compensation. The MCLS is known to provide educational programs that assures every community group is well-aware of the laws currently impacting and affecting vulnerable individuals. They also support and advocate for policy and law reforms that will have the ability to change the lives of low-income Mississauga residents for the better.

Criminal Law 8 Teenage Girls Charged With Killing a Toronto Man By: Vjosa Isai and Norimitsu Onishi Published on: Dec, 21, 2022 The eight teenage girls, some as young as 13, made contact with one another on social media and may have never met before. But on the night of Dec. 19 , they gathered in downtown Toronto and after getting into one altercation wound up surrounding and fatally stabbing a man in an apparent attack over a bottle of liquor, the police said. The killing, near the main transportation nexus in Canada’s largest city, was the latest and one of the most brazen episodes in the region in which people have been randomly targeted by groups of young attackers. The 59-year-old victim was yet to be identified by the authorities. He had been staying in homeless shelters since the fall, the police said, and on the night of Dec. 19 he was outside a shelter in the Financial District when the suspects set their eyes on him. The suspects — including three 13year-olds, three 14-year-olds and two 16-year-olds — appeared to have stabbed him after attempting to steal a liquor bottle from him, Sgt. Terry Browne of the Toronto Police Service told the CBC on Wednesday, Dec. 16 . All have been charged with second-degree murder.

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The killing, which followed another criminal incident involving the teenagers that evening, was the culmination of a meeting that began online, the police said. The girls had communicated with

ach other over social media before meeting in person on Saturday, Dec. 19 in downtown Toronto, the police said, adding that they came from various parts of the city and did not appear to form a gang. “We don’t know how or why they met on that evening and why the destination was downtown Toronto,” Sergeant Browne said in a news conference. “We don’t know how long they’ve been acquainted together.” News of the killing came a day after five people were gunned down inside a high-rise condominium building outside Toronto by a 73-year-old resident with long-held grievances against members of the condo board. The separate killings in the space of a couple of days come as fears of crime and violence have been rising in Toronto — even as actual violent crime rates have remained steady or declined in recent years. Early morning on Dec. 20 , the police responded to reports of a wounded man in downtown Toronto, a few blocks from the iconic CN Tower, the authorities said. The man was taken to the hospital, but died there shortly afterward from his stab wounds. The police described the attack on the man as “swarming type behavior” — in which victims have been robbed .

after being swarmed. Several robberies of that type occurred around Toronto last summer, leading the police to beef up security in affected commercial areas. The group of girls had been involved in another altercation involving “criminal behavior’’ before encountering the 59-year-old man, Sergeant Browne said. Three of the girls had “prior contact” with the police before the killing, according to the authorities.

Legal Career Profile:

Prime Minister Justin Trudeau Prime Minister Justin Trudeau is known to be the 23rd Prime Minister of Canada as a country. As Trudeau was the eldest of his siblings, he was very much influenced by his father’s work, Prime Minister Elliot Trudeau, who was Canada’s 15th Prime Minister. Trudeau's visions and dedications to Canada as a whole has supplied countless Canadians with safety, fairness, and the full potential to succeed, given the opportunities he provides to all Canadians. When Prime Minister Justin Trudeau first entered the field of politics after graduating from McGill University with a Bachelor of Arts degree, his main vision was to provide the better change that would eventually serve all Canadians. In 2007, Trudeau decided to build a grassroot campaign to win the Liberal Party nomination in the Montreal riding of Papineau, in

which he won. He was first elected as Prime Minister of Canada in 2008. Justin Trudeau had positively impacted the lives of many Canadians, which allowed him to get re-elected in the 2011, 2015, and later on, 2019 elections. He was also elected leader of the Liberal Party in April of 2013, in which, further on, allowed his leadership campaign to be built upon and focused on the genuine idea of building a new and truly national movement of progressive Canadians - that then provided access to many Canadians to the political field. Justin Trudeau and his team of the Liberal Party has mainly focused on creating more and providing access to jobs, growing the economy, protecting the environment, and strengthening the middle class/averageCanadians in Canada’s society. His great accomplishments throughout the course of the past couple years have reeled Canadians’ attention to his elections - a well-deserved attention.

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Justin Trudeau Prime Minister of Canada

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