English • STEM • Environment • Social Studies • Citizenship

Vol 1, Issue 3

LEVEL 1

Also in this issue Meet the Mola Mola Sky Lights

Curriculum Connection: ORGANISMS CHANGE

Fossils tell stories about the past.

2

ENGAGE

Photo: HERSCHEL HOFFMEYER/SHUTTERSTOCK

3

Curriculum Connection: ORGANISMS CHANGE

Fossils tell stories about the past.

2

ENGAGE

Photo: HERSCHEL HOFFMEYER/SHUTTERSTOCK

3

Phot

o: O LGA

DAN

YLEN

KO/

Shut

terst

ock

Earth changes. Forests change into deserts. Oceans change into mountains.

IETA Photo: ELZB

SEKOWSK

A/Shutters

tock

Plants and animals change, too. All these changes are slow. Fossils tell us about them.

4

ENGAGE

Photo: SERGEY NIVENS/Shutterstock

5 5

Phot

o: O LGA

DAN

YLEN

KO/

Shut

terst

ock

Earth changes. Forests change into deserts. Oceans change into mountains.

IETA Photo: ELZB

SEKOWSK

A/Shutters

tock

Plants and animals change, too. All these changes are slow. Fossils tell us about them.

4

ENGAGE

Photo: SERGEY NIVENS/Shutterstock

5 5

protoceratops

These plants and animals lived in India long ago. They are fossils now. oldest algae

Photo C : STO KTRE GES, K IMA INC/A

GTS

lamy

Ph

EN AN B STEF oto:

ON

velociraptor snake

ant

These dinosaurs lived in the Gobi Desert. They fought. They kicked. They scratched. They bit. They are fossils now.

GRIMALDI Photo: DAVID

Phot

6

ENGAGE

o& Sculp

t u re

: TY LER

KEIL

Watch the dinosaurs fight. LOR

7

protoceratops

These plants and animals lived in India long ago. They are fossils now. oldest algae

Photo C : STO KTRE GES, K IMA INC/A

GTS

lamy

Ph

EN AN B STEF oto:

ON

velociraptor snake

ant

These dinosaurs lived in the Gobi Desert. They fought. They kicked. They scratched. They bit. They are fossils now.

GRIMALDI Photo: DAVID

Phot

6

ENGAGE

o& Sculp

t u re

: TY LER

KEIL

Watch the dinosaurs fight. LOR

7

This dinosaur lived in China. It had feathers like a bird. It had wings like a bat. It is a fossil now.

spinosaurus

Phot

8

ENGAGE

o:

L Y WIL EMIL

OUG

HBY/

Y CC B

Phot

o: LIN D

A BU CK

LIN/

Shut

ters

tock

Yi qi

This dinosaur swam in Africa. It had feet like a duck. It had teeth like a crocodile. It is a fossil now. 9

This dinosaur lived in China. It had feathers like a bird. It had wings like a bat. It is a fossil now.

spinosaurus

Phot

8

ENGAGE

o:

L Y WIL EMIL

OUG

HBY/

Y CC B

Phot

o: LIN D

A BU CK

LIN/

Shut

ters

tock

Yi qi

This dinosaur swam in Africa. It had feet like a duck. It had teeth like a crocodile. It is a fossil now. 9

Curriculum Connection: MAKE OBSERVATIONS

by

marine biologist

Tierney Thys 10

ENGAGE

Photos: MIKE JOHNSON

11

11

Curriculum Connection: MAKE OBSERVATIONS

by

marine biologist

Tierney Thys 10

ENGAGE

Photos: MIKE JOHNSON

11

11

I am a scientist with super powers. I go places most people cannot. I study the ocean.

About 9 out of every 10 living things live in the ocean. Each drop of water has living things.

Thys studies life in the ocean.

Thys swims with a mola mola.

12

ENGAGE

Photos: MIKE JOHNSON

13

I am a scientist with super powers. I go places most people cannot. I study the ocean.

About 9 out of every 10 living things live in the ocean. Each drop of water has living things.

Thys studies life in the ocean.

Thys swims with a mola mola.

12

ENGAGE

Photos: MIKE JOHNSON

13

I like the mola mola. It is an ocean sunfish. I use radios to track where a mola goes.

The mola eats jellies. Small creatures live on the mola. Birds and fish eat these creatures.

Photo: MIKE JOHNSON

Thys (right) works on a radio to track a mola.

14

ENGAGE

Photo: TIERNEY THYS

Thys and some kids used bottle caps to make this mural. What animals do you see?

Swim with a mola mola.

15

I like the mola mola. It is an ocean sunfish. I use radios to track where a mola goes.

The mola eats jellies. Small creatures live on the mola. Birds and fish eat these creatures.

Photo: MIKE JOHNSON

Thys (right) works on a radio to track a mola.

14

ENGAGE

Photo: TIERNEY THYS

Thys and some kids used bottle caps to make this mural. What animals do you see?

Swim with a mola mola.

15

Plastic may be harming molas. Plastic bags and bottles wash into the ocean.

Seals eat plastic. Sea turtles eat plastic. Molas may eat plastic. Plastic can kill them.

LEAD CHANGE

You can help the ocean. Use less plastic. Use reusable bags and bottles. Never drop plastic on the ground.

16

ENGAGE

It could wash into the ocean.

Photos: PAULO OLIVEIRA/Alamy

17

Plastic may be harming molas. Plastic bags and bottles wash into the ocean.

Seals eat plastic. Sea turtles eat plastic. Molas may eat plastic. Plastic can kill them.

LEAD CHANGE

You can help the ocean. Use less plastic. Use reusable bags and bottles. Never drop plastic on the ground.

16

ENGAGE

It could wash into the ocean.

Photos: PAULO OLIVEIRA/Alamy

17

Lots of Life

This fish looks like a snake.

Meet some ocean animals.

This fish has a pole that lights up.

Photo: SOLVIN ZANKL/Alamy

Photo: 2004 MBARI

Photo: DANTE FENOLIO/Science Source/Dinodia

You can see through this fish’s head. Photo courtesy M. SEGONZAC (MNHN)/Ifremer/A. Fifis

Hairs cover this crab’s claws and legs.

Photo: PROF STEFAN BENGSTEN

18

ENGAGE

Photo: DUDAREV MIKHAIL/Shutterstock

19

Lots of Life

This fish looks like a snake.

Meet some ocean animals.

This fish has a pole that lights up.

Photo: SOLVIN ZANKL/Alamy

Photo: 2004 MBARI

Photo: DANTE FENOLIO/Science Source/Dinodia

You can see through this fish’s head. Photo courtesy M. SEGONZAC (MNHN)/Ifremer/A. Fifis

Hairs cover this crab’s claws and legs.

Photo: PROF STEFAN BENGSTEN

18

ENGAGE

Photo: DUDAREV MIKHAIL/Shutterstock

19

Make a Fossil See how a fossil is made.

You need: • modelling clay or play dough • hard objects, such as seashell, sticks, other small, hard objects

• glue

To do:

Make a Rainbow

Use household items to make your own rainbow. You Need:

To Do:

• a shallow pan • water • a mirror • a torch • a sheet of white paper

1. Fill the pan half way with water. 2. Place the mirror in the water at an angle so that it rests on the side of the pan. 3. Shine the torch on to the water where the mirror is submerged. 4. Hold the white paper above the mirror. Adjust the angle until you see a spectrum of 7 colours.

1. Flatten the clay into pieces so that each piece is larger than the hard objects. 2. Place an object, such as a shell, on one of the clay pieces and press it into the clay to make an impression. 3. Remove the object from the clay, leaving an impression in the clay. 4. Fill the impression with glue and let dry. This could take some time. The deeper the impression, the more time it will take for the glue to dry.

What happens: You made two kinds of fossils. When you pressed the hard object into the clay, you created an impression, called a mould. When you filled the impression with glue, you made a cast.

20

ENGAGE

Photo: CLAUDIO DIVIZIA/Shutterstock. Background: IRA/Shutterstock

Photos (clockwise, from top left): HEART TO HEART/Shutterstock; TATIANA POPOVA/Shutterstock; SUMIRE8/Shutterstock; BRITTNY/Shutterstock

21

Make a Fossil See how a fossil is made.

You need: • modelling clay or play dough • hard objects, such as seashell, sticks, other small, hard objects

• glue

To do:

Make a Rainbow

Use household items to make your own rainbow. You Need:

To Do:

• a shallow pan • water • a mirror • a torch • a sheet of white paper

1. Fill the pan half way with water. 2. Place the mirror in the water at an angle so that it rests on the side of the pan. 3. Shine the torch on to the water where the mirror is submerged. 4. Hold the white paper above the mirror. Adjust the angle until you see a spectrum of 7 colours.

1. Flatten the clay into pieces so that each piece is larger than the hard objects. 2. Place an object, such as a shell, on one of the clay pieces and press it into the clay to make an impression. 3. Remove the object from the clay, leaving an impression in the clay. 4. Fill the impression with glue and let dry. This could take some time. The deeper the impression, the more time it will take for the glue to dry.

What happens: You made two kinds of fossils. When you pressed the hard object into the clay, you created an impression, called a mould. When you filled the impression with glue, you made a cast.

20

ENGAGE

Photo: CLAUDIO DIVIZIA/Shutterstock. Background: IRA/Shutterstock

Photos (clockwise, from top left): HEART TO HEART/Shutterstock; TATIANA POPOVA/Shutterstock; SUMIRE8/Shutterstock; BRITTNY/Shutterstock

21

Fossil Fun

See how pressure turns sediment into rock and living organisms into fossils. You Need:

• paper towels • a slice of white bread • a slice of light brown bread • a slice of dark brown bread • a butter knife • pieces of soft candy • heavy books • clear drinking straws

Books Slice of light brown bread Gummy candy Slice of dark brown bread Gummy candy Slice of white bread

What Happens:

Look at the core sample. How many layers do you see? (Three) Which layer is the oldest? (The bottom layer is the oldest.) Can you see any indications that fossils are present? (You may see a cast or mould impression. You may also see residue from the candy.) You can take other core samples to see if you can find more fossils. It is worth noting that it takes millions of years for layers of rock to form.

22

ENGAGE

To Do:

1. Place on a table a paper towel, 5 or 6 soft candies, a slice of white bread, a slice of light brown bread, and a slice of dark brown bread. 2. Use the knife to cut the crusts off the bread. 3. Place a slice of white bread on the paper towel. The white bread represents the sea floor. 4. Place a couple of soft candies on the bread. They represent dead organisms that are on the sea floor. 5. Place a slice of dark brown bread on top of the white bread and soft candies. The dark brown bread represents sediments that have fallen on the sea floor, covering the dead organisms. 6. Place some soft candies on the dark brown bread. And then put the slice of light brown bread on top. The light brown bread represents more sediments that have covered the sea floor. 7. Fold the paper towel to cover the layers of bread and soft candies. 8. Place the books on top of the folded paper towel and layers of bread and candy. Leave the books there for a day or two. 9. After a couple of days, push a clear straw straight down into the bread and pull it back up. You will have taken a core sample.

GO

BEYOND

Use what you learned from this issue to answer the questions.

Draw a Yi qi flying.

What is your favourite dinosaur? Why?

Draw yourself swimming with a mola mola.

How many colours are in a rainbow.

Photo: ERMESS/Shutterstock

Photos: STOCKSHOPPE/Shutterstock; VIVAT/Shutterstock

23

Fossil Fun

See how pressure turns sediment into rock and living organisms into fossils. You Need:

• paper towels • a slice of white bread • a slice of light brown bread • a slice of dark brown bread • a butter knife • pieces of soft candy • heavy books • clear drinking straws

Books Slice of light brown bread Gummy candy Slice of dark brown bread Gummy candy Slice of white bread

What Happens:

Look at the core sample. How many layers do you see? (Three) Which layer is the oldest? (The bottom layer is the oldest.) Can you see any indications that fossils are present? (You may see a cast or mould impression. You may also see residue from the candy.) You can take other core samples to see if you can find more fossils. It is worth noting that it takes millions of years for layers of rock to form.

22

ENGAGE

To Do:

1. Place on a table a paper towel, 5 or 6 soft candies, a slice of white bread, a slice of light brown bread, and a slice of dark brown bread. 2. Use the knife to cut the crusts off the bread. 3. Place a slice of white bread on the paper towel. The white bread represents the sea floor. 4. Place a couple of soft candies on the bread. They represent dead organisms that are on the sea floor. 5. Place a slice of dark brown bread on top of the white bread and soft candies. The dark brown bread represents sediments that have fallen on the sea floor, covering the dead organisms. 6. Place some soft candies on the dark brown bread. And then put the slice of light brown bread on top. The light brown bread represents more sediments that have covered the sea floor. 7. Fold the paper towel to cover the layers of bread and soft candies. 8. Place the books on top of the folded paper towel and layers of bread and candy. Leave the books there for a day or two. 9. After a couple of days, push a clear straw straight down into the bread and pull it back up. You will have taken a core sample.

GO

BEYOND

Use what you learned from this issue to answer the questions.

Draw a Yi qi flying.

What is your favourite dinosaur? Why?

Draw yourself swimming with a mola mola.

How many colours are in a rainbow.

Photo: ERMESS/Shutterstock

Photos: STOCKSHOPPE/Shutterstock; VIVAT/Shutterstock

23

Curriculum Connection: LIGHT

24

ENGAGE

Photo: KRISTJÁN U. KRISTJÁNSSON

25

Curriculum Connection: LIGHT

24

ENGAGE

Photo: KRISTJÁN U. KRISTJÁNSSON

25

Watch an aurora.

Look up at night. In some places, you see colourful lights. They are called auroras. 26

ENGAGE

Photo: SIGURDUR WILLIAM BRYNJARSSON, www.arcticshots.is

Bits from the sun hit Earth’s sky. These bits cause gas in the sky to glow. 27

Watch an aurora.

Look up at night. In some places, you see colourful lights. They are called auroras. 26

ENGAGE

Photo: SIGURDUR WILLIAM BRYNJARSSON, www.arcticshots.is

Bits from the sun hit Earth’s sky. These bits cause gas in the sky to glow. 27

Look up during the day. You see a blue sky.

Photo: NATURE PICTURE LIBRARY/Alamy

Look up when the sun is low in the sky. You see a red sky. 28

Photo: SONGCHAI W/Shutterstock

Look up after a storm. You will see a rainbow. A rainbow has seven colours. 29 29

Look up during the day. You see a blue sky.

Photo: NATURE PICTURE LIBRARY/Alamy

Look up when the sun is low in the sky. You see a red sky. 28

Photo: SONGCHAI W/Shutterstock

Look up after a storm. You will see a rainbow. A rainbow has seven colours. 29 29

More Sky Lights

See different shapes and colours in the sky.

A halo circles the sun.

A fire rainbow forms in the clouds.

Photo: MARCIN ROZPEDOWSKI/Alamy

Photo: PAISALPHOTO/Shutterstock

A green flash lights the sky as the sun sets.

A pillar rises from the sun.

Photo: JACK STEPHENS/Alamy

Photo: ALEXEY SULOEV/Shutterstock

30

ENGAGE

31

More Sky Lights

See different shapes and colours in the sky.

A halo circles the sun.

A fire rainbow forms in the clouds.

Photo: MARCIN ROZPEDOWSKI/Alamy

Photo: PAISALPHOTO/Shutterstock

A green flash lights the sky as the sun sets.

A pillar rises from the sun.

Photo: JACK STEPHENS/Alamy

Photo: ALEXEY SULOEV/Shutterstock

30

ENGAGE

31

6 EXCITING ISSUES IN 4 LEVELS EVERY YEAR!

FRANCIS DOWNEY Editorial Director

SEPTEMBER 2017

AUGUST 2017

JULY 2017

EDITORIAL

English • STEM • Environment • Social Studies • Citizenship

Vol 1, Issue 3

LEVEL 1

Also in this issue Meet the Mola Mola Sky Lights

DEEPA BHUSHAN Curriculum Editor SHEETAL SINGH SOBHA PRADEEPKUMAR Asst Curriculum Editors JEMMA ANTIA Photo Researcher

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