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By Lewis Carroll

And, as in uffish thought he stood, The Jabberwock, with eyes of flame, Came whiffling through the tulgey wood, And burbled as it came!

’Twas brillig, and the slithy toves Did gyre and gimble in the wabe: All mimsy were the borogoves, And the mome raths outgrabe.

One, two! One, two! And through and through The vorpal blade went snicker-snack! He left it dead, and with its head He went galumphing back.

“Beware the Jabberwock, my son! The jaws that bite, the claws that catch! Beware the Jubjub bird, and shun The frumious Bandersnatch!”

“And hast thou slain the Jabberwock? Come to my arms, my beamish boy! O frabjous day! Callooh! Callay!” He chortled in his joy.

He took his vorpal sword in hand; Long time the manxome foe he sought— So rested he by the Tumtum tree And stood awhile in thought.

’Twas brillig, and the slithy toves Did gyre and gimble in the wabe: All mimsy were the borogoves, And the mome raths outgrabe.

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Project Proposal _____________________________ 03

Preferred ____________________________________ 41

Storyboards _________________________________ 00

Research ____________________________________ 06

Referenced Creatures ________________________ 43

Work in Progress ____________________________ 00

Research of Previous Incarnations ___________ 07

Adding Gore _________________________________ 45

Animation Errors ____________________________ 00

Early Ideas __________________________________ 09

Model Sheet Sketch _________________________ 47

Rendered Screenshots _______________________ 00

A model of John Tenniel’s Jabberwock _______ 11

Final Design ________________________________ 49

Project Reflection ____________________________ 00

Creature Research __________________________ 12

Model _______________________________________ 52

Sources _____________________________________ 00

The jaws that bite ___________________________ 13

Model Sheet _________________________________ 53

The claws that catch ________________________ 15

Modelling WIPs ______________________________ 55

Creature Research - Sketches________________ 17

Modelling Errors ____________________________ 00

So what makes a Jabberwocky? _____________ 19

Rigging______________________________________ 00

Picking Apart Previous Adaptations __________ 21

Wireframe ___________________________________ 00

Revisiting Ideas _____________________________ 25

Texturing ___________________________________ 00

Weaknesses _________________________________ 26

Renders _____________________________________ 00

The Bloodborne and Dark Souls Approaches _ 27

Scene Layout ________________________________ 00

Design ______________________________________ 32

Style ________________________________________ 00

Silhouette Edits _____________________________ 37

Models ______________________________________ 00

Colour Options ______________________________ 39

Animation ___________________________________ 00 2

For this project, the Major project, I intended to make a creature from a poem.

The Poem the Jabberwocky had art by John Tenniel, this art was one 1 copied back in 2016 for my art education, the reason for this is 1 have been a very big Alice in Wonderland fan most of my life.

First task is finding a poem the most interesting idea I got was the Jabberwocky by Lewis Carroll.

I found the nonsensical words used by Lewis Carroll made the poems and stories more fun and more open to imagination.

Other possible poems were; In the very Darkly Dark by Francesco Marciuliano, the descriptions are very vague. ‘A moaning Groaner’, ‘Creaky Screech’, 'Moochy Leech’ and Yelper Barkers’ were the only ways they were described with one adjective like squeak, and howl A little too vague for a design.

The story of Alice in Wonderland being one I really enjoyed as I was growing up, especially with its various adaptations. Where there are several made up creatures, fanart was always interesting as it could show the same creature but different artists interpretations meant that the creature never looked the same.

Monsters was another but there was no given author, the monster of this poem was a pretty maybe perfect person in the eyes of the author “The monsters that lure me in with their beauty and eat me alive

Reading the poem you don’t know what a ‘Jabberwock' is or a ‘Jubjub bird’ or a ‘Bandersnatch’, you are left to imagine these creatures. All three have gotten visual representations over the years, but only the Jabberwock was included as a picture with the poem, the Jubjub Bird and Bandersnatch have been designed by multiple people but these two are not described more than;

The second part, after having the poem selected, was to consider how to go about it. With the Jabberwocky I want to make a beast, but have said beast read the poem.

Beware tie Jubjub bird, and shun

Tasks from here consist of finding an appropriate voice for the poem, designing the Jabberwock, modelling and rigging, prepping for animation, creating a scene for it to be set in, and lip syncing. Depending on the beast type if the mouth is more of a snout the lips may be interesting to rig, and I will need to look into mouth shapes heavily, but I plan to make the mouth shapes out of blend shapes.

The frumious Bandersnatch! Which is not enough to go off for a character design, its way too open, there are too many possibilities to go off of, meaning that it might take forever to design such creatures, as the research would be unending or have what feels like nowhere to start.

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The Jabberwocky itself gets more descriptive words given to it, allowing for a more accurate representation or at least set things for the design, yet it is still quite open for design. Beware tie Jabberwock, my son! The jaws that bite. the claws that catch! The Jabberwock with eyes of flame. Came whiffling through the tulgey wood, And burbled as it came! The Jabberwocky has claws, jaws, and eyes of flame, with whiffling as the action of it moving and burble as a possible noise it makes. The word ‘Wiffle’ was unknown to me, so I searched up its meaning; Collins Dictionary gave two meanings of the word to blow fitfully; blow in puffs or gusts said of the wind to shift about; vacillate; be fickle Both are interesting meanings but reading through the poem again it makes more sense that its about the Jabberwock’s motions rather than them blowing air.

Burble was another that needed a little research; Collins Dictionary again gave multiple meanings, but only two seemed relevant. If you say that someone is burbling, you mean that they are talking in a confused way. to make or utter with a bubbling sound; gurgle

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Over the years the Jabberwocky has been given many different designs by different artists, all are different interpretations but all are valid designs. Upon researching 1 came across several versions, mostly consisting of dragons, Some versions had a beak whereas others did not. Some tried to copy the original image by John Tenniel, with its buck teeth and waistcoat, others went a different way and took a steampunk approach making him a cyborg with steam powered parts, and furnace for a chest and wings of metal and cloth.

An interesting design 1 found, was an artist who made the Jabberwocky more of a giant moth creature rather than dragon like most other variants.

John Tenniel

Jabberwocky (1977) Terry Gilliam

Lynton Levengood

Alice (1985) Harry Harris

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Kerem Beyit

John Coulthart

American McGee’s Alice (2000)

Alice (2010) Tim Burton art by Michael Kutsche

Isabella koelman

American McGee’s Alice (2000)

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Alice (2010) Tim Burton

Early ideas were trying to figure out which creatures would work as references. I did a few crude ink drawings with a paintbrush seeing what I could end up with. ‘Jaws that Bite’ could imply a bitey creature, first thoughts lead to a wolf or a crocodile, both are toothy creatures, but a crocodile might have too long a mouth for the Jabberwocky, but a wolves is too fluffy, as I believe the Jabberwocky is either flesh or scale covered with no fur. ‘Claws that Catch’ could imply long claws, but they need to be something that can have a good grip so possibly some long claws or small hooked claws that would be difficult to escape the grasp of. With both the claws and jaws it presents a predatory creature, the rest of the poem describes it as a beast to be conquered, a creature that can put up a good fight The difficult part at this stage is not drawing the designs I grew up with, being the one from Tim Burton’s Alice (2010) and American McGee’s Alice (2000). Tim Burton’s was a clear dragon and American McGee's was also draconic but with steampunk aesthetic. A thought that exists but yet to be implemented is how the ‘eyes of flame’ can be incorporated, they could simply be amber eyes or I an put actual fire into them and make the Jabberwocky a beast of fire with smokey parts to it.

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Despite having my own ideas, there's nothing quite like the original design. I spent some time studying the creatures head and decided the best way to do so was to try and model it. For me this method helps me spot the most important detail, what needs to be ‘physical’ poly modelling and what needs to be a normal map, this is something I figure out in the stage of making the model, for this one it was facial detailing like under the eyes and cheeks. I was unable to make it 100% accurate to the original drawing but I tried my best and that’s all anyone can do.

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Early ideas give potential insights into what to look into, the two clear things that popped up in my early ideas was wolves and crocodiles. Its also possible this research will brings something up I haven't thought of yet. As with any designing project, researching creatures is a must. All image are sourced from adobe stock images, and they’re grouped into a single library called ‘Jabberwocky animals’ as they could be for more things than just a specific part, something that could be a good reference for the teeth could also be a good reference for another part of the character.

Sketchfab Jabberwock Head

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Adobe

Teeth were an important part of the characters design, as it’s one of the few things mentioned in the poem. So gathering a selection of possible jaws lead to me finding several crocodile mouths, all different but interesting. Wolves alive and dead, a lion, a T-rex, a piranha, and other deep sea fish. Each creature has a different layout of teeth, some seems to follow a pattern, others seem more chaotic in placement and length.

With this variety I should have some interesting teeth for my Jabberwocky.

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Claws were another important part of the characters design, another part of the Jabberwocky mentioned in the poem. This selection is of various claws, from birds, lizards, bears, and velociraptor fossils.

Again there is a variation of claws and talons that are useful, some are thick and long claws whereas others are thin and long. Each creature uses and stands with their claws differently. Lizards seem to either have their claws straight down or to the side. Birds use their claws to grab onto stuff like fish and branches.

With this variety I should have some interesting claws for my Jabberwocky.

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Claws may catch but something more catching is having more than two sets of arms. An octopus has too many arms, but insects with their many legs and some depictions of deities have several arms. In the past I have seen animations with a dancer with six arms, I found it rather hypnotic, unfortunately I can no longer find this exact animation. However I remember the motions of the secondary and tertiary arms either had their own motions or followed the primary arms. As nice as this motion may be I do not wish to have it on my Jabberwocky.

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Other than the Leftmost sketch all have been slightly altered digitally to appear more visible as the scanner made the pages much harder to see. The sketches are of images on the previous two pages, I find that just looking at something doesn't quite embed features into your head, drawing out references allows you to focus on the different aspects of the reference. I drew out two for the teeth and two for the claws. The wolves mouth shows how the gums could be and how the fangs and teeth sit together.

The hippo head also shows how the gums and teeth can work but also how the top of the mouth and face can work together. The bird claw was more of an attempt at working with scales, in my drawing however this was difficult to replicate, so when drawing my Jabberwocky I need to consider scaling, but be aware that recreating it may be a little frustrating. The bear paw was for the claws but also shows foot padding, even humans have foot padding, so no matter what kind of skin my Jabberwocky has it might still need foot padding, otherwise if the creature were real it would wear down its feet too quickly and cause itself pain.

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Nonsense is not “not sense” it operates at the edge of sense. Upon research, the word Jabberwocky along with many others in the poem are all nonsensical, the website LitCharts claims;

TBD

“In "Jabberwocky," Carroll uses nonsensical words throughout a typical ballad form to tell a tale of good versus evil, which culminates in the killing of the fearsome Jabberwock. The poem is often praised not only for its creative language, but for its highly sonic and memorizable nature, appealing just as much to our ears as it does to our imaginations.“ I can agree that the poem is memorable as I read the poem as a child, and it has stuck with me as the poem was one of my favorites, along with ‘crocodile’ which was also by Lewis Carroll; How doth the little crocodile Improve his shining tail, And pour the waters of the Nile On every golden scale! How cheerfully he seems to grin, How neatly spreads his claws, And welcomes little fishes in, With gently smiling jaws!

The crocodile poem was much shorter than the Jabberwocky one, but it appears a little less nonsensical, but still manages to create an image of an beautiful golden yet evil crocodile, since the creature is a real one it is clear what it should look like, however for the Jabberwocky the creature is unknown and is only briefly described. 19

Jabberwocky & Other Poems Book Cover

The Jabberwocky Page 8 Spread by Eran Fowler

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The original depiction of the Jabberwocky was a piece of work that was either drawn in ink or done as an etching. This depiction of the Jabberwocky had no coloration. This Jabberwocky had batlike wings with a single claw on them, long fuzzy looking fingers. The feet look a little strange as if it were wearing boots of its own feet. The face appears lumpy and wrinkled with several protrusions, four horns which look like tentacles, and a lot of lines which are probably referring to glowing of the eyes. This variation has seven organic limbs, the arms, legs, tail, and wings. It also has three fingers, a thumb, and three toes. Unlike the other variations, this one appears to be wearing a waistcoat, the Jabberwocky is not said to be wearing clothes but it is also not stated whether they do or don’t. This means it could be applied to my own variation.

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This depiction of the Jabberwocky is very bestial, and dragon like.

When compared to the original there are no fuzzy fingers, and it appears more skeletal and vicious. From the head there are frilled tentacle like things where the ears could be and a similar tentacle moustache to the Tenniel's. This variation has seven organic limbs, the arms, legs, tail, and wings. It also has three fingers and thumb positioned much like a birds claw, it also has three toes and a forked tongue.

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This depiction took a steampunk approach, with green skin, steam vents on this back, a torso made of a furnace, and wings of fabric and possibly bronze or copper. Given the low poly nature of the model it can be difficult to tell exactly what is meant to be what, but not knowing what something is can make it appear more mysterious and terrifying. The claws are large and sharp on long boney arms, the hands and fingers appearing to be the same or similar length to the forearm The jaws have visible teeth, similar to Tenniel’s bucktoothed version but they appear more fanglike though still very chunky as they follow the shape of the head. This variation has four organic limbs, the arms and legs, the tail is mainly mechanical and the wings are fully metal and cloth It has two fingers, two thumbs, two toes, and six antennae.

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This version of the Jabberwocky is one I hadn't seen before, the artist took inspiration from bugs, moth or butterfly wings This variation has seven organic limbs, the arms, legs, tail, and wings. Considering the bug inspiration there could have been a lot more limbs to this version. It has three fingers, and a thumb, three toes, a forked tongue, and two feelers much like a moth.

I do like the moth antennae, I will consider using it in my own design but I am unsure if it will suit them.

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Having done a little creature research, and gone through previous adaptations of the Jabberwocky, its time to revisit my earlier ideas, to adjust and adapt them into something better and more realistic for a fantasy creature.

The most frequent appearance of the Jabberwocky in artwork is a draconic design, even though a dragon appears to be what the Jabberwocky could be I need to avoid making mine a pure dragon and instead incorporate the idea of a dragon into something else.

Technically though anything can be considered a Jabberwocky, Since a Jabberwocky is a nonsense creature the design might need to look a little crazy. A beast with large claws and teeth who’s head is cut off in the poem, So it might be that he’ll need a long neck as a weakness in reference to this.

To get a fully unique creature is almost impossible nowadays. Whilst talking the idea of uniqueness out with some peers and tutors, the general consensus was that to make a creature unique is the amount of thought put into it, the more thought the less likely someone randomly stumbles across the same idea or a very similar design.

If I give him four hands he can hold his hands up like he’s in a box when he says the lines; ‘He left it dead, and with its head. He went galumphing back.’ My Jabberwocky I want to have a Scottish male voice, when I heard it from Johnny Depp, in a Scottish accent, I thought it sounded great for my beast, this was before anything else was conceived as an idea, but maybe have a little more growling and distaste for the poem. Although this is my preferred voice I am unsure of what kind of person I will be able to get as a voice actor. It would be nice to base the character off the voice, but it is better to select a voice after the design is completed.

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The only weakness given in the poem is a jabberwocky is a specific blade, the ‘Vorpal Blade’, and a beheading. One, two! One, two! And through and through The vorpal blade went snicker-snack! He left it dead, and with its head He went galumphing back. The creature will need a way to be beheaded, a weakness, possibly a large neck. However since no other weaknesses are mentioned in the poem it doesn’t mean that the Jabberwock only has one weakness, this will lead to further exploration into possible designs as the weakness as they could be visual weaknesses, much like video game creatures. However, my Jabberwock isn’t a video game character, but designs used in games are a good starting point, as well as real creatures. Where my Jabberwocky has the beheading, What actually defines a head? The Merriam-Webster Dictionary states that the word head is defined as;

The upper or anterior division of the animal body that contains the brain, the chief sense organs, and the mouth. Since the Jabberwocky is a beast, a boss like beast at that, its weakness cannot be too obvious or too exploitable. So my Jabberwocky should have a long neck but not overly long, this will probably take some attempts to get correct.

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Vicar Amelia is the lightest of the four selected beasts. With a long wolf-like mouth, and four extremely long fingers on each hands.

My initial ideas was a beastial design, which lead to looking into games like Bloodborne, the beasts are humanish but also not quite.

TBD

The two designs that stood out from Bloodborne most were the ‘Cleric Beast’ and ‘Vicar Amelia’, both possessing a four limbed body of what used to be human.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tdu34iCjF2c Clearic Beasts TBD

Dark souls creature design was much more beastial, the Gaping Dragon and Sulyvahn's Beast being the two designs that stood out most.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gqQ-76lOaJw

The Gaping Dragon being a beast with many teeth being its main focus. It has six legs/arm which is a feature I want to use for my Jabberwocky. The legs all appear to have hands at the end, with the placement of them being at the end of the body, at the equivalent of its hips and on what appears to be its shoulders. Also on its shoulders appear to be two sets of wings. Sulyvahn's Beasts appears to be a fluffy creature with ragged fur, the torso similar to the Gaping Dragon is open but I cannot tell if its another mouth or an exposed ribcage. The mouths has no visible lips and has teeth that run along the would mouth to past where they would be useful, the fleshy bit, I cannot pin down the name of, which it is visible on dinosaurs and some lizards. Teeth passing this part of the mouth are probably not useable for eating and are more there for a more aesthetic fearsome appearance. The creature also appears to have six fiery eyes, which could be useful for my Jabberwocky, as the poem never specifies the amount of eyes the Jabberwocky has.

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TBD

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Front Legs and hands early on, visible in the Early Ideas on page 9, I decided that I wanted my Jabberwocky to have four sets of arms.

Though the idea of giving them back legs was up in the air, so it was briefly explored of having no back legs and having him drag himself with his arms, having the long versions stay tucked up underneath the stomach. I drew out some heads that could work, I liked 1, 2, and 6 but the other three didn't seem suitable, 3 looked wrong, 4 seemed weird, overly sharp and very beady looking eyes, and 5 just appears very bumpy Whilst 1 has a point for its nose whilst still looking a little bumpy but not as much as 5, 2 looks scaley with plates above the eyes, and plates on the jaw, 6 was drawn after the sketches on page 37 on top of the sketch 15 on that page, mushrooms added onto the face to match the body. The one certainty with the face is that the eyes are fiery, oranges and reds.

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The head was a difficulty to focus on. Before I drew the heads on the previous page I tried to focus on snakes and lizards were my starting point, but none of these seemed to work which lead it to have a few strange looking things before getting close to what I chose in the end. Head shapes being unknown body shapes were too. I tried to draw a few versions, one has a snake head and its hands up on the neck. To the right of this drawing was another possible head and the sketch I chose to continue working with. In the top right in there was two possible silhouette, one more blocky and one elegant like the larger sketch below it that I used for the silhouette. At this stage I didn't know what to add to the creature to make it more like a Jabberwocky, so the lizard appearance seemed like a good starting point.

Some sketches on these ideas explored having the neck a more visible weak point by having it be loose, with loose skin handing down a little bit. There was also a little exploration of what to add to him, some growths on the neck but not properly thought out on this page.

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I took the initial silhouette my favorites are 13, 15, and 18.

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some of them are combinations of others, which was done to make the design more complex as trying to add them whilst just drawing seemed to get confusing but the meshing makes sense as then previous sketches are just half of what is in the design allowing it to be seen in pieces. I decided midway through that mushrooms and the idea of psychedelic ones, Magic mushrooms for their link to psychedelics and Hydnellum peckii, also known as ‘Bleeding tooth fungus’, for the gross bleeding appearance seem like an interesting mushrooms to include in the design. It would be an interesting path to take with the design, considering the poem is first read in Alice through the looking glass which is the sequel to Alice in wonderland, mushrooms seem rather fitting to fit into the design to connect it back to its source. Although the body feels close to its final design, the head is still up in the air. The current designs have were worked from a single shape that has a kind of cone head shape

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Preferred sketches had similar themes, but also colourise were both dark with bioluminescence at varying levels, with glowing mushrooms on one and the other having glowing red globules, both having glowing eyes. Both of these designs hold the potential to be much more gory than they are which may help make them much creepier and match my expectations of having a creepy Jabberwocky, although at the moment both designs seems a little tame. Of the two though I prefer the one with red eyes and mushrooms inspired by the ‘bloody tooth fungus’ I believe there is a lot of potential for this one, to help myself make this design more gory I need to plan out the Jabberwocky’s spine, this will allow me to see what bones go where so when I remove chunks of flesh, since organs are beneath bone I intend to try and cover them up with some flesh or mushrooms, keeping the design gory but also slightly but not entirely tame.. In addition, modelling some of this detailing would become rather laborious, so limiting the depths of the wounds and fungal sites will be more fruitful in the long run of this characters design and modelling.

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My Jabberwocky references several creatures in its design, narrowing it down to some clear inspirations. Snakes are good for its skeletal structure. The mushrooms are specifically based on Hydnellum peckii, whereas the fungi known as Ophiocordyceps unilateralis, the zombie ant fungus, are interesting for how they effected the texture of the ants. Monitor lizards had a good skull for a basis, though mine has multiple eyes.

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Eran Fowler - https://www.deviantart.com/eranfowler/art/TheJabberwocky-Page-8-Spread-111023411 Charles Santore - https://www.hachettebookgroup.com/titles/lewiscarroll/jabberwocky/9780762465439/

Jabberwocky Adaptations

Creature Research - Teeth Adobe Stock - https://shared-assets.adobe.com/link/0b377a0b-85074274-5ea0-cb102d6d7570 Users Adogslifephoto, Alexander, all, Alta Oosthuizen, Andrea Izzotti, Andrew Deer, Angelov, BGStock72, byrdyak, Cyril, EdNurg, E-lona, Eric Isselée, erllre, EtienneOutram, Forance, Irina Burakova, kirpad, kyslynskyy, Luciano_Marques, marchia75, Martina87, mbolina, Megan Paine, mreco, Natureimmortal, Nyiragongo, ondrejprosicky, Ongushi, Pumppump, Santiphoto, Satirus, SciePro, shizuruvten, shymar27, sirawut, SofotoCool, superjoseph, Tony, TRITOOTH, willyam, Wim, Wirestock, Wlad074, Андрей Журавлев

Alice (2010) Tim Burton art by Michael Kutsche - link

Alice (2010) Tim Burton - link American McGee’s Alice Asylum 1 - https://alice.fandom.com/wiki/ Alice:_Asylum American McGee’s Alice 1 - https://www.deviantart.com/ insidioustweevle/art/Coloured-Jabberwock-62227270

American McGee’s Alice 2 - https://alice.fandom.com/wiki/ Walkthrough:Jabberwock%27s_Lair Isabella Koelman - https://www.artstation.com/artwork/41m2k

Creature Research - Claws Adobe Stock - https://shared-assets.adobe.com/link/0b377a0b-85074274-5ea0-cb102d6d7570 Users Alberto, diy13, Dmitry, fabio, FullFrames, gallinago_media, Gorka Vega Barbero, Janos, junky_jess, LIGHTFIELD STUDIOS, Mark Kostich, Nicole Lienemann, nm737, Okyela, PBaishev, RealityImages, Robin, sattapapan tratong, seregraff, serikbaib, Sonsedskaya, StanOd, Svetlyachok, tapaton, Uryadnikov Sergey, Yothinpi

Lynton Levengood - https://www.lyntonlevengood.com/ Kerem Beyit - https://www.artstation.com/kerembeyit Jabberwocky (1977) Terry Gilliam - https://www.sfchronicle.com/movies/ article/Terry-Gilliam-s-Jabberwocky-Monty-12899490.php

Alice (1985) Harry Harris - https://chud.com/54595/childhoods-endalice-in-wonderland/ John Coulthart - http://www.johncoulthart.com/feuilleton/2010/11/05/ jabberwocky/

Bloodborn Dark Souls

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Cleric Beast - https://bloodborne.fandom.com/wiki/Cleric_Beast

Photoshop Brushes

Cleric Beast (Bloodborne 3D Model Showcase) - https:// www.youtube.com/watch?v=gqQ-76lOaJw

Spider Webs - inobscuro.com/brushes/view/18/ Distortion - inobscuro.com/brushes/view/9/

Gaping Dragon - https://darksouls.fandom.com/wiki/Gaping_Dragon

Fibres - inobscuro.com/brushes/view/17/

Sulyvahn's Beast - https://darksouls3.wiki.fextralife.com/ Sulyvahn's+Beast

Text Sources

Poems

Vicar Amelia - https://bloodborne.fandom.com/wiki/Vicar_Amelia

Jabberwocky Poem

Vicar Amelia (Bloodborne 3D Model Showcase) - https://youtu.be/ tdu34iCjF2c

How doth the little crocodile - https://poets.org/poem/crocodile

Referenced Creatures

Darkly Dark - https://mediumlarge.wordpress.com/2015/10/29/poemsby-monsters-in-the-very-darkly-dark/

(Ant fungus) Ophiocordyceps unilateralis - https://askabiologist.asu.edu/ explore/zombie-ants

Monsters - https://hellopoetry.com/poem/755S6S/ monsters/

Snake - https://www.minibeast.uk/Natural-History/xenochrophisvittatus

Other Texts The Atlantic - https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/ archive/2015/08/jesse-ball-by-heart-jabberwocky/400370/

Snake Spine close up - https://a-z-animals.com/blog/snake-skeletonsheres-what-makes-them-so-unique/

LitCharts - https://www.litcharts.com/poetry/lewis-carroll/jabberwocky

Monitor Lizard - https://sustain.round.glass/species/water-monitorlizard/

https://farringford.co.uk/news-events/tennyson-poems-blog/its-allnonsense-tennyson-lewis-carroll-and-edward-lear

Shelf Mushrooms - https://whyevolutionistrue.com/2014/11/21/readers -wildlife-photographs-48/

Collins Dictionary ‘Wiffle’ - https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/ english/whiffle

Hydnellum peckii- https://www.first-nature.com/fungi/hydnellumpeckii.php

Collins Dictionary ‘Burble’ - https://www.collinsdictionary.com/ 64

dictionary/english/burble Merriam-Webster ‘Head’ - https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/ head

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