Old Houses Project The Great City of Izmir-Tire

Prepared by: Consultant Teacher Mehmet Gacan Students: Asel Ç., Elasu T., Erdal D., Kazımcan D.,Mete T.

TİRE Tire, one of the biggest districts of Izmir, is 82 km from the city center. It was established on the northern skirts of Aydın Mountains. Tire, which lived through the Hittite, Phrygian, Lydian, Persian, Hellenic, Roman and Byzantine periods, has a rich cultural heritage. During the principalities and the Ottoman period, great economic development was achieved and rich examples emerged in terms of architectural history. Tire has been the scene of many civilizations throughout the ages with the opportunities provided by its rich geography. These are the Hittite, Phrygian, Lydian, Persian, Hellenic, Roman and Byzantine periods. However, especially after the Turks took over Tire, a very rich historical and cultural accumulation was achieved in Tire. Tire is a town called "Monks Region" in the words of historian Pachmeres, "Famous City of Rum" in Şerafeddin Zafername, "City-ri Muaz-zam Tire" in Evliya Çelebi's Travel Book. While Katip Çelebi (1608–1656) describes Tire as the "Old Throne City", the district is referred to as the "City of Ulemas" in the 1908 Aydın Province Yearbook. It is not known exactly when Tire was founded. However, BC. In the sources dating back to the Hittites period, it is seen that his name was mentioned in the name of Tyhra, Thira, Thyroion, Apeteria, Teira, which means Hisar-Castle, and Arkadiapolis, which means city in the Roman period. Hittite archive documents mention Turshas (Tirha) while counting the participants in the Battle of Kadesh. In the Küçük Menderes Valley, which was under the rule of the Heraclid Dynasty during the Phrygian period, this period ended with the collapse of the Phrygian Kingdom. No information about this period can be obtained from historical sources, so these dates remain obscure. The fact that Gieges, one of the famous kings of the Lydian State, served in Tire also increased the importance of the region. Later, the gold reserves of the Faktalos (Sart Stream) stream descending from Thomos (Bozdağ) made Lydia a rich country and the first metal coin in the world was minted here. After the Lydians, BC. Tire, which came under Persian domination in the 650s, was connected to Lydia again after a short time. During the reign of King Croesus of Lydia, a new and great civilization and great wealth were created. In the following periods, Tire passed to the Romans, and in this period, it maintained its position as the most distinguished city of Anatolia. During this period, Tire became a Christian City and churches and holy springs were built in many places. It is known that Tire had an active and decision-making position in the assemblies of Kadıköy (Istanbul) and Nikaea (Iznik) during the Byzantine period. When the Aydınoğulları Principality was attached to the Ottomans in 1390, the Principal of the Principality İsa Bey was forced to reside in Tire and was expelled from the capital, Selçuk. Yıldırım took Bayezid Isa Bey's daughter, Hafsa Sultan, to establish kinship. This event marked the first end of the Principality. The defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the Battle of Ankara not only changed the political balance, but also enabled the Aydınoğulları Principality to be seen in the history again. After the Ankara War, the administrative city of the principality became Tire, the children of the principal of the principality, İsa Bey, Musa and II. Umur Beys ruled the Principality from Tire after the death of their father.

Tire, which was definitively attached to the Ottoman Empire in 1426, caused the Ottomans to lean towards this city more seriously due to its political, economic and cultural existence. In this period, the sanjak of the newly established Aydın province was Tire. Especially II. The zoning and movements undertaken during the reigns of Murat and Fatih Sultan Mehmet made the city a first-degree city within the borders of the empire in a short time. Tire, which has an important place in the administrative organization of Turkey, was connected to the newly established province of Izmir with the victory of the War of Independence in 1922 and the proclamation of the Republic in 1923, with the law of removing the sanjaks of 20 April 1924 and establishing provinces in their place. MANSIONS KİRAZOĞLU KONAĞI

It is on Atatürk Bulvarı No:7 (Ankara Street) in Tire district.

Based on the fact that Kirazoğlu Mansion is also known as Miralay or Colonel's mansion among the people, and considering that similar buildings - residential structures, such as Gülcüoğlu Mansions, were built in 1925-27 after the destruction of the enemy in the War of Independence, it can be concluded that it was built in the same period after the war. Its total area is 480 m². Restoration works accelerated in the historical Kirazoğlu Mansion, whose title deed was transferred to the Tire Municipality by the Kirazoğlu Family in 2008. After the works planned to be completed in a short time, the lower floor of the historical mansion will be used as the "Women's Shelter", one of the social projects of Tire Municipality for women. Other parts of the three-storey mansion will serve as a boutique hotel and guesthouse. The mansion, which was built by Miralay Ali Cevat Lekesiz in 1930, is among the remarkable buildings in the district with its unique architectural features. The restoration works of the mansion were carried out by Yıldız University Faculty of Architecture Faculty Members Prof. Dr. A team of experts under the leadership of Harun Baturbaygil. It has been reported that significant progress has been made in the works that started after the project, which was approved by the Site Committee No. The works carried out by the Tire Municipality will be completed by March 2009, and the historical mansion will start to serve as a "Women's Shelter and Boutique Hotel". Note: Restoration was completed in 2016 and its activities are continuing. Source: Restorer YD Architecture GÜLCÜOĞLU KONAKLARI

Located in the Tire district of Izmir, this bath was built by a person named Hasan Çavuş together with the Yalınayak Mosque. Since there is no inscription, the date of construction is not certain. However, from the building style and foundation charter, XVI. It is thought to have been built in the middle of the century. The bath, which was made of cut stone, rubble stone and brick in a rectangular plan, consists of cold, warm and hot sections. The sections are covered with pendentive domes.

LEMAN HANIM KONAĞI

Leman Hanım Mansion is a 117-year-old mansion with 7 rooms, a bay window and a garden. It is known that it was built by the district governor of the period appointed to Tire from Aydın 116 years ago. After serving for a short time, the district governor left the station and sold the mansion to İbrahim Urgancıoğlu, one of the notables of the train. Therefore, the name of the mansion is mentioned as İbrahim Ağa Mansion in the inventory of the Ministry of Culture. Now, Leman Hanım Mansion serves you with its 7 rooms, cafe&restaurant section and wine house.

CİRZEN KONAĞI

Built on a slightly sloping area in the south-north direction, the house has a garden to the west. Due to the plaster of the walls, the construction material cannot be understood. The thin partition walls of the building, which probably used stone, are wooden carcass or bagdadi technique. The three-storey building is covered with a hipped roof.

The lower floor is of two-sided plan type with an inner sofa. The rooms are located to the north and south of the sofa, and their doors open to the sofa. The top of the sofa is covered with a wooden ceiling. The upper floor is in the plan type with an inner sofa with two faces. The rooms are placed to the north and south of the sofa. ÇELTİK KONAĞI

Built on a slightly sloping land in the north-south direction; consists of basement, ground floor, mezzanine and first floor. The floors of the structure, which was built with masonry stone on the outside and stone filling between the wooden carcass, on the inside, are wooden. There is also a garden in the northeast. Columns with molded caps that animate the facade of the building were also used in the main entrance. In addition, the volute and floral motifs ornaments on the lintel windows on the façade are among the elements that animate the building façade. The basement floor is accessed from the west side, where the main façade is. There are also two windows on this façade. On the ground floor, which is reached by steps, there is first a large hall section, a room unit to the right of the entrance, and a room and toilet, bathroom and kitchen units across the entrance. There are three rooms and a hall in the mezzanine section, and four room units around a corridor on the first floor with a bay window. The bay window of the building is supported by four iron consoles. The southeast corner of the wooden roof covered with corrugated tiles has collapsed over time. There are stone jambs in the window and door openings on all facades of the building. In the structure that reflects the general characteristics of Levan houses; Stone was preferred as a wooden carrier system and filling material. On the facades, stone, brick, wood and iron were used as decoration elements sikv1.

KURTULUŞ MAHALLESİ İSMAİL TAŞLIOĞLU CADDESİ NO:15

The building, which was built on a sloping area in the North-South direction, has a garden to the west. The partition walls of the building, which uses crushed stone and brick as construction material, are wooden frame or baguette technique. The house, which has three floors, also has an intermediate floor. The top of the building is covered with a hipped roof.

KADIN DANIŞMA MERKEZİ

The building, located at the intersection of Ankara Street and Fevzi Paşa Street, was built as a residence. The top of the building, which consists of a basement plus three floors, is covered with a hipped roof. There is a small garden behind the building, which was probably added later in the third house. With this part, the building sits on an area of 13 m x 19 m. The interior of the building, whose entrance door is in the form of a double-winged iron door, is illuminated by rectangular windows. The windows have iron shutters. The door is reached by a five-step ladder and the entrance is It has a bay window with iron consoles on it. Tire Municipality has implemented the building as a women's shelter in order to fulfill its legal responsibility within the framework of the understanding of "Social Municipality" and in line with its efforts to prevent violence against women. The building, which was restored in September 2013 and put into service as the "Tire Municipality Women's Counseling Center, is an institution where counseling services are provided to our women and all their needs are met.

KARACALI AYŞE HANIMIN EVİ

The building, which is located on a sloping land in east-west direction, has a courtyard in the north. The building material is crushed stone. The two-storey building also has a mezzanine floor. It is covered with a hipped roof covered with corrugated tiles. The entrance door of the house is located on the west side. The bay window opens to the street, and the lower floor has two wooden jamb windows. The south façade and the east of the building are kept deaf. The northern façade is animated with the life facing the courtyard. There is a room, bathroom and coal pit in the south of the courtyard.

ESKİ ASKERLİK ŞUBESİ

The structure of the Military Branch is one of the valuable cultural assets of the city. It is located between the Kara Hayrettin Pasha Mosque and the Yalınayak Hamam in the historical Misirli District. The Military Branch building, popularly known as the "Old Branch", continued to function until the opening of the New Military Branch in 1944. The building draws attention with its triangular pediment form in its façade arrangement. Again, the bay window on its façade gives the impression that it was added to the building later. It is seen that the windows on the front of the building, which is understood to be built of rubble stone and brick from the fallen plaster, have stone jambs. It is covered with Turkish style tiles. The historical building, which has survived by preserving its physical features, is used as a residence. Today, two different families live in the building, which is separated into two separate entrances by a wall. The restoration of the building, which is on the agenda, is planned to be completed as soon as possible.

KALOMATİ(ÖZGÜR YARPUZ KONAĞI)

The two-storey building, which is not used today and the exact date of construction is unknown, has a single entrance door. The second entrance also angles to the single room formerly called the housekeeper's room, which is an entrance that leads to the back garden. The main entrance and housekeeper's room entrances face the road and are located on the facade of the building. The housekeeper's room was added to the building later. The roof of the house is Turkish style tiles. The exterior of the building is built with masonry stone walls up to the ground floor, and the upper parts are built with wooden frame and brick walls. Door and window spaces are framed by cut stone jambs. Ornamental elements can be found on its facade, between floors and at its corners. Its bay window is carried by three iron consoles. The building, which has a symmetrical façade setup; It consists of a basement floor, a ground floor and a first floor, and there are two storage rooms in the basement floor. There are two rooms on the ground floor, to the right of the entrance hall. On the upper floor, there is a sofa, three rooms, WC and washbasin sections in the middle. Located in the historic Jewish Quarter and XIX. The building, which was used by Bohor Moshe Kalomiti and his family in the 19th century, was purchased by the Tire Municipality from the Yarpuz family, and restoration work will begin in the near future.

KURTULUŞ MAHALLESİ AKYOL CADDESİ NO:8

The building, which was built on a flat area in the south-north direction, does not have a courtyard. The building material is crushed stone. Probably the south and west walls of the room in the north of the lower floor and all the partition walls of the upper floor are wooden carcass or bagdadi technique. The top of the three-storey building is covered with a northsouth oriented gable roof. The lower floor is accessed through the door placed at the west end of the north façade. This floor is in plan type with two rooms with outer left. The rooms are placed on both sides of the sofa. The upper floor is in plan type with an inner sofa. To the west of the sofa, which is covered with a wooden ceiling, are the stairs that provide access to the roof and the warehouse, which is used as a toilet today.

KURTULUŞ MAHALLESİ SAKARYA CADDESİ NO:11

There is a courtyard at the exit of the exit, which was built on a slightly elevated area on the north-south road. The nest partition walls, whose construction material is crushed stone and brick, are wooden carcass or bagdadi technique. His two-storey house is covered with a gable roof in the east-west direction. The main facade of the house on the west side is more ostentatious than the other facades. On this façade, there are two windows of the lower floor and the entrance of the upper floor. The jambs of the windows arranged as extensions of the lower and upper floors were made with flat and one-piece hewn stones. Its subwindows have iron bars. The building has a detailed plan in general, and a three-room plan with an outer sofa. However, the sofa propellers are closed. The sofa in the south is covered with a wooden ceiling. < there is to set off, to make the descent to the lower floor. as ,rl The only exterior decorations of the building are on the west façade. The facade contains the most of the others. The outward facing of the doors and windows like keystones gives the appearance of a flower. Above this, there are wide enees sitting on a volute floor. There is a meander motif on the upper part. Ancient topn1agiel at the top It has friezes with egg-shaped ornaments resembling a kyrnation. in the form of an entry. Reaching back 100 years based on house, architecture and drawings.

DERE MAHALLESİ ZİNCİRLİ SOKAKNO:32

The building is located on a gently sloping area extending in the south-north direction. Crushed stone and brick materials were used on the entire lower floor and south walls of the upper floor of the house, which has a courtyard in the east direction. The building, which was built in two floors, is covered with a hipped roof covered with corrugated tiles. On the west façade, there is a double-winged wooden door providing the entrance to the lower floor, and on the upper floor there are three windows arranged as rectangular openings with wooden jambs. of the east facade The south façade is deaf. The lower floor consists of an iwan and a room placed behind it. On the south wall of the room, which is covered with a wooden ceiling, there is a gusulhane and a closet. The upper floor was built in the plan type with an outer sofa - one room.

DERE MAHALLESİ ZİNCİRLİ SOKAKNO:49

The house, whose entrance is from the west, was built as a single-storey courtyard with an understanding reflecting the old Turkish style house architecture. From the falling plaster of the house made of rubble stone and brick appears to have been built. Its façade is enlivened with stone jambs used on the window and door edges and columns used on both halves of the façade. The entrance to the building, which also includes the basement floor, is provided by a double-leaf door that is accessed by steps. It is covered with Turkish tiles. The moldings under the eaves are also aesthetically important details.

AYŞE BEDİH EVİ

Built on a land with a slight slope from south to north, the house is surrounded by a courtyard on the south and west sides. Crushed stone and brick materials were used on the lower floor and part of the western wall of the upper floor. The two-storey building is covered with a hipped roof covered with corrugated tiles. The eaves protrude from the facades. In the lower part of the north façade, there is a courtyard entrance and a window with iron railings belonging to the room. The room has two rectangular windows with wooden jambs opening to the street. On the east façade, the lower floor has two windows and a door, and the upper floor has five bedroom windows. A large part of the upper floor wall in the south has been destroyed. There is a rectangular window in the south of the room in the north. There is a large hearth in the courtyard, which is reached from the northern entrance. The building was built in a three-room plan type without a sofa. The rooms are placed in the north-south direction. On the west wall of the room in the middle, there is a round-edged hearth and a small niche. There are two wooden doors on the south wall. The Southwest is pretty devastated today. The only exterior decoration of the building is seen at the corners of the eaves. There is an ornament with wooden relief technique, which is not very clear. BmaninJlushhirur. Bursa type arch on the first floor, ceiling of the northern room of the upper floor are the main decorative elements. Architectural features of the house XIX. It reflects the 19th century architecture.

HACI ALİ PAŞA KONAĞI(LAMARTİNE EVİ)

It is estimated that the famous French politician, writer and poet Lamartine spent part of his life here. It is known that mansions and farms were gifted to Lamartine on the Küçük Menderes plain in 1850 by the Sultan of the time, Abdülmecit. Only the outer walls of the two-storey building remain. Medical scholar Şanizade Ataullah Efendi lived in the building built in 1792 for a while.

HOUSES WE DO NOT KNOW ABOUT

HANS KUTUHAN

It is located in the city of Izmir, Tire district, Yeni Mahalle, Tahtakale Square. Kutu Han is also among the structures belonging to the Yahşi Bey Complex. The complex was used as a museum for a while, and it was reopened with the establishment of the new museum building. Located in Yeni Mahalle, Tahtakale Square and recorded as Kütahya Inn in the records, the inn is accessed by stairs from the right and left. In addition, there is a possibility to go up with the belly ladder in the courtyard. The fountain and the outer fountain of the inn, whose upper floor porticoes were destroyed, could not be preserved either. It has 30 rooms on the top and 18 rooms on the bottom. Located in the main bazaar of the city, the Inn is one of the important cultural assets of the city, although it has seen serious changes with the fires of 1857 and 1916. The Kutu Inn of Tire is in Tahtakale Square and belongs to the Halil Yahşi Bey foundation. The Han, which is the workplace of an important part of the Tire Bazaar, has a beautiful plan with its shops on all four fronts. Especially the Grand Bazaar, that is, the Arasta section of the eastern façade, is very important in terms of explaining the seriousness of the plan concept in the Ottomans even in the 15th century.

BAKIR HAN

As it is learned from the records of the foundation, by the Grand Vizier Lütfü Pasha, the sonin-law of Yavuz Sultan Selim, in H.950/M. It was built according to its foundation charter dated 1544.24 Although the inn is mentioned as "Kurşunlu" in the documents, it is more commonly known as the "Bakır Han" by the people because it is the place where copper merchants gather. In the classification made by B Ersoy among the Ottoman inner city inns, the inn is in the group of inns with a courtyard, two floors, and all with colonnades. and lost its rooms and barn in the south.226 The inn, with its complete surviving, sits on an area of 20.00 m x 33.00 m. As a Build> material; Smooth cut stone, coarse stone and brick were used in horizontal alternating order on the façade, and rubble stone was used as filling material. Brick material was used in the pediment arches in the window and door openings of the portico arches. The entrance is from a double row arched vessel and is from the east. From the right and left of the entrance, the mind goes out, winter cries. The original two-winged doors were also preserved on it. When the three pockets are remanded, they are barrel vaulted with the same cover system as a a v u ktay, and a cross vault cover is also available in front of them. The section of the inn, which closed Atatürk Street, was demolished and the passage of the south-north oriented street ravioli was provided.

ALİ EFE’NİN HANI

Located on Yeni Mahalle, Bedesten Street, the inn is from the foundation of Abdüsselam Efendi, the famous treasurer of Suleiman the Magnificent. In Evliya Çelebi's Travel Book, he is referred to as "Abdüsselam". Abdüsselam Efendi had an inn, a Turkish bath and a shop in the city. as well as foundations. The building is in the group of inns with two floors, a single courtyard and all with colonnades. 222 Known by the locals as Ali Efe Inn, the inn has 20 rooms at the top and 17 rooms at the bottom. The lower floor rooms and porticoes in the south of the inn were destroyed. Except for the front façade, other parts are unusable.

YENİ HAN

Lütfi Pasha prepared a bibliography of Evail-i Zi'il-kade H.950 / 26 January-4 February 1544 for the foundation he established in Tire. Foundation register number 590 in the archive of the General Directorate of Foundations, 215-222. registered between the pages. The charter is a copy, and the short-expressed information about the details in the vakfiye is written as a side-by-side?33 The building is located on Lütfi Paşa Street, south of the Paşa Mosque. Sources: The building, which is known as Lütfi Pasha Inn, is the name of its tenant, Greek Mathius, who ran the inn for a while among the people. Also known by name. The building was built with a courtyard, two floors, the lower one without a portico and the upper floor with a portico. There are 37 rooms on the u* floor of the inn and 24 rooms on the lower floor. In addition, the stables and the fountain in the courtyard are not available. The number of shops outside is given as 22 in the records. North, the outer shops have been demolished. There are businesses on the other sides. The entrance is from the east. The ground floor room doors are arched, the upper floor ones are flat. The western façade portico of the rectangular courtyard is square, and all the cloisters on the other façades have been demolished on both floors. The lower floor vault covers on the west façade preserved their originality, and the first floor cover was completely demolished. The arch and legs of the portico are present. Lower and upper floors n. . It has a cover system and is in the form of a barrel vault. A barrel vault cover system is also seen in the barn section. The building was built in an alternating pattern of rubble stone and brick and is 4000 mx43000 m from the outside.

ÇÖPLÜ (KAPAN )HAN

ÇÖPLÜCE HAN / KAPAN CARAVANSERAI - TIRE

Located on the northern border of the Tahtakale Bazaar in Izmir province, Tire district, the Inn was built by HACI ILYAS, one of the great emirs of Aydınoğulları. The inn is also known as Kapan Caravanserai.The single storey inn has 23 rooms. The inn was used to market the goods in the trap rather than to entertain passengers. There is a historical UN trap on the west side of the Inn, which is surrounded by shops on all four sides.SOURCE: A. MUNIS ARMAĞAN It is the situation where food items are sold, pricing and marketing processes are carried out in the important cities of Anatolia in the 12th century. It is thought to have been translated into Turkish from the Arabic word kabban, which means scales or scales. Traps, a typical medieval marketing scheme, were set up in the important cities of Anatolia in the 12th century, especially on the piers open to sea transportation. A trap included units such as an inn, store, warehouse, basement, gazebo, and pier. Items such as sugar, coffee, oil, fabric, cotton, wool, grain, tobacco, which were brought to the relevant trap and considered as the first item of necessity, were first weighed and fixed by the regent of the trap. This process was followed by the collection of production, license, collection official and warehouse taxes. Then the goods were sold wholesale or retail. In order to prevent black market and high pricing in sales, a commission consisting of tradesmen kethüda, valiant chiefs, trap clerk and elders served under the chairmanship of the trap regent.

BEDESTEN

Bedesten, located on Gazazhane Street in Yeni Mahalle, İzmir province, Tire district, is an important legacy from the historical Byzantine bazaar. It was dedicated to İbni Melek Madrasa by Tire Emir Süleyman Shah.

This famous bazaar of the Byzantine and Principalities period was mostly run by silk merchants and therefore the section where it was located became famous as Kazazlar Bazaar.

Its eight-domed cover is covered with tiles. The building, which has entrance doors from four directions, has 12 shops on the north and south façades, and 4 shops on the east and west façades. Source : dash website on the silk road

All photographs of this book belong to Mehmet Gacan and the sources used are listed below. From 1-erolsasmaz.com.tr 2. Tire Cultural Inventory book-Gökhan Gür-o.Olgu Dönmez