ENGLISH LESSONS. Present Perfect Simple - Cotinuous

ENGLISH LESSONS Present Perfect Simple Cotinuous se usa para indicar que una acción empezó en un momento no especifico del pasado, y puede o no cont

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ENGLISH LESSONS Present Perfect Simple Cotinuous

se usa para indicar que una acción empezó en un momento no especifico del pasado, y puede o no continuar en el presente. Palabras adicionales: Today (hoy). All day (todo el día). Recently (recientemente). For (por). Since (desde). This month, this week, this year. Lately (ultimamente).

Pasado participio de una acción: Presente:

pasado:

pasado participio:

Work. Go. Write. Be. Have. See.

Worked. Went. Wrote. Was/were. Had. Saw.

Worked (trabajado). Gone (ido). Written (escrito). Been (estado). Had (tenido). Seen (visto).

Nota: aprender de memoria todas las acciones en presente, en pasado y en pasado participio, las cuales las puede encontrar en cualquier diccionario inglés. Gramaticalmente, necesitas el verbo auxiliar have y el verbo principal tiene que estar en pasado participio o past participle. have/

has

+

pasado

participio

- I have been in Spain. - (He estado en España) - He has talked to Susan. - (Él ha hablado con Susan) - You have never called me. - (Nunca me has llamado.) - They have seen her before. - (Ellos la han visto antes) Supongamos que hace dos años estuviste en Italia, si lo que te interesa es decir que fuiste hace dos años usarás el pasado simple, pero si lo que quieres es decir que, en general, has estado en Italia entonces usarás el presente perfecto.

I have worked in that company for many years. (yo he trabajado en esa compañía por muchos años) She has gone to her house recently. (ella ha ido a su casa recientemente) He has written a letter to them lately. (él ha escrito una carta a ellos últimamente)

Para negar solo se usa “hasn´t” o “haven´t”: I haven´t worked in that factory for many years. She hasn´t gone to her house recently. He hasn´t written a letter to them lately. CONTRACCIONES: ¿Se dice have not o haven't? Pronombre + Have = pronombre + 've Pronombre + Has = pronombre + 's Have + not = haven't Has + not = hasn't

Para preguntar: Have I worked in that factory for many years? Has she gone She hasn´t gone to her house recently? Has he written a letter to them lately?

Persona + have/has + been + acción en presente con terminación en “ing” + información + palabra adicional. Palabra adicional = today, all day, for, since, recently, lately, this week, this month, this year, etc. Ex: He has been studying english for 2 years. (el ha estado estudiando inglés por dos años) They haven´t been working hard recently. (ellos no han estado trabajando duro recientemente) Have you been swimming since 5:00 am?. (has tu estado nadando desde las cinco a. M.?)

Usamos este tiempo verbal para hablar de una acción que empezó en el pasado pero que seguimos haciendo en el presente. Por ejemplo, yo empecé a enseñar inglés hace muchos años y sigo enseñando inglés ahora, entonces sería correcto decir que he estado enseñando inglés por mucho tiempo, es decir, I have been teaching English for a long time. Gramaticalmente necesitas dos verbos auxiliares para usar este tiempo verbal, have y been, que después van seguidos del verbo principal en presente continuo.

have/ has + been + verbo principal en presente Continuo ejemplos: I have been working in this restaurant for ten years (He estado trabajando en este restaurante por diez años) She has been telling people not to go to that shop (Ella le ha estado diciendo a la gente que no entre en esa tienda) They have been walking in the park for an hour (Ellos han estado caminando en el parque por una hora) James has been calling you all morning (James te ha estado llamando toda la mañana)

have/ has + not + been + verbo principal en presente continuo I have not been working in this restaurant for ten years (No he estado trabajando en este restaurante por diez años) She has not been telling people not to go to that shop (Ella no le ha estado diciendo a la gente que no vaya a esa tienda) They have not been walking in the park for an hour (Ellos no han estado caminando en el parque por una hora)

CONTRACCIONES: ¿se dice hasn't been o has not been? En el caso del negativo, en lugar de decir has not o have not diremos hasn't o haven't - has not = hasn't - I have = I've

- have not = haven't - He has = he's

I haven't been working in this restaurant for ten years She hasn't been telling people not to go to that shop They haven't been walking in the park for an hour

Have/ has + sujeto + been + verbo principal en presente continuo Have you been working in this restaurant for ten years? Haven't they been walking in the park for an hour? Has she been telling people not to go to that shop?

"presente perfect and continuous" Complete the following sentences as it is required in parenthesis: They _____________(han trabajado) in that company for many years. She _____________(no ha ido) to her house recently. He _____________(ha estado) studying english for 2 years. They ____________(no han estado) working hard recently.

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