Facultad de Medicina Departamento de Fisiología

FISIOLOGÍA HUMANA BLOQUE 5. APARATO RESPIRATORIO Tema 18. Ventilación Pulmonar

Dr. Bernardo LÓPEZ‐CANO Profesor Titular de la Universidad de Murcia

Contenidos ‰Leyes de los gases ‰Dinámica de la ventilación pulmonar • Inspiración y espiración ‰Flujos, presiones y volúmenes pulmonares ‰Presiones intrapulmonar e intrapleural • Ventilación pulmonar y alveolar Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings

Las Leyes de los Gases

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Ley de Boyle (P = 1/V)

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Dinámica de la Ventilación Pulmonar

Espiración

Inspiración

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Dinámica de la Ventilación Pulmonar

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Ventilación Tranquila

Flujo de Aire α ∆P/R

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Movimiento de las Costillas

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Movimiento de las Costillas

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Dinámica de la Ventilación Pulmonar

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Ventilación Pulmonar: Inspiración

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Ventilación Pulmonar: Espiración

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Ventilación Profunda

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Presiones Intrapulmonares e intrapleurales (760 mmHg)

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Presiones Intrapulmonares e intrapleurales ‰ Durante la inspiración, la presión intrapulmonar puede disminuir hasta 3 mmHg por debajo de la presión atmosférica (-3 mmHg); durante la espiración es igual +3 mmHg ‰ Presión transmural positiva (presión intrapulmonar - presión intrapleural) intrapleural mantiene a los pulmones inflados

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Presiones Intrapulmonares e intrapleurales ‰ Las pleuras visceral y parietal están pegadas entre sí de modo que los pulmones permanecen en contacto con la pared torácica • Se expanden y contraen al mismo tiempo que la cavidad torácica durante los movimientos respiratorios

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Cambios de presión durante la ventilación en  reposo

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Presión en el Espacio Intrapleural: Neumotórax ‰ El neumotórax «presencia de aire en el espacio intrapleural» provoca el colapso del pulmón (retracción elástica) stica que no puede funcionar normalmente

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Presión en el Espacio Intrapleural: Neumotórax

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Volúmenes y Capacidades Pulmonares

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Volúmenes y Capacidades Pulmonares

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Volúmenes y Capacidades Pulmonares

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Ventilación Pulmonar Total y Ventilación Alveolar

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Ventilación Pulmonar Total y Ventilación Alveolar

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Ventilación Pulmonar: Tipos y Patrones de  Ventilación

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Valores Normales de Ventilación en Medicina Pulmonar

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Ventilación Pulmonar Total y Ventilacion Alveolar

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Ventilación Pulmonar: Resumen http://www.physiol.med.uu.nl/interactivephysiology/ipweb/home/index2.html

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Ventilación Pulmonar: Resumen http://www.physiol.med.uu.nl/interactivephysiology/ipweb/home/index2.html

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Ventilación Pulmonar: Resumen http://www.physiol.med.uu.nl/interactivephysiology/ipweb/home/index2.html

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