Story Transcript
Facultad de Medicina Departamento de Fisiología
FISIOLOGÍA HUMANA BLOQUE 5. APARATO RESPIRATORIO Tema 18. Ventilación Pulmonar
Dr. Bernardo LÓPEZ‐CANO Profesor Titular de la Universidad de Murcia
Contenidos Leyes de los gases Dinámica de la ventilación pulmonar • Inspiración y espiración Flujos, presiones y volúmenes pulmonares Presiones intrapulmonar e intrapleural • Ventilación pulmonar y alveolar Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Las Leyes de los Gases
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ley de Boyle (P = 1/V)
Copyright © © 2007 Inc., publishing Copyright 2007 Pearson Pearson Education, Education, Inc., publishing as as Benjamin Benjamin Cummings Cummings
Dinámica de la Ventilación Pulmonar
Espiración
Inspiración
Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Permission required Cummings for reproduction or display Copyright © © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.,Inc. publishing as Benjamin
Dinámica de la Ventilación Pulmonar
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ventilación Tranquila
Flujo de Aire α ∆P/R
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Movimiento de las Costillas
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Movimiento de las Costillas
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Dinámica de la Ventilación Pulmonar
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ventilación Pulmonar: Inspiración
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ventilación Pulmonar: Espiración
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ventilación Profunda
Copyright © © 2007 Pearson Inc.,Inc. publishing as Copyright 2007 The McGraw-Hill Pearson Education, Education, Companies, Inc., publishing Permission as Benjamin Benjamin required Cummings for Cummings reproduction or display
Presiones Intrapulmonares e intrapleurales (760 mmHg)
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Copyright ©Cummings The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display
Presiones Intrapulmonares e intrapleurales Durante la inspiración, la presión intrapulmonar puede disminuir hasta 3 mmHg por debajo de la presión atmosférica (-3 mmHg); durante la espiración es igual +3 mmHg Presión transmural positiva (presión intrapulmonar - presión intrapleural) intrapleural mantiene a los pulmones inflados
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Presiones Intrapulmonares e intrapleurales Las pleuras visceral y parietal están pegadas entre sí de modo que los pulmones permanecen en contacto con la pared torácica • Se expanden y contraen al mismo tiempo que la cavidad torácica durante los movimientos respiratorios
Copyright © © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.,Inc. publishing as Benjamin Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Permission required Cummings for reproduction or display
Cambios de presión durante la ventilación en reposo
© 2007 Education, Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Copyright Copyright © 2007 Pearson Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Presión en el Espacio Intrapleural: Neumotórax El neumotórax «presencia de aire en el espacio intrapleural» provoca el colapso del pulmón (retracción elástica) stica que no puede funcionar normalmente
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Presión en el Espacio Intrapleural: Neumotórax
Copyright © © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.,Inc. publishing as Benjamin Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Permission required Cummings for reproduction or display
Volúmenes y Capacidades Pulmonares
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Volúmenes y Capacidades Pulmonares
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Volúmenes y Capacidades Pulmonares
Copyright © © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc.,Inc. publishing as Benjamin Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Permission required Cummings for reproduction or display
Ventilación Pulmonar Total y Ventilación Alveolar
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ventilación Pulmonar Total y Ventilación Alveolar
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ventilación Pulmonar: Tipos y Patrones de Ventilación
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Valores Normales de Ventilación en Medicina Pulmonar
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ventilación Pulmonar Total y Ventilacion Alveolar
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ventilación Pulmonar: Resumen http://www.physiol.med.uu.nl/interactivephysiology/ipweb/home/index2.html
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ventilación Pulmonar: Resumen http://www.physiol.med.uu.nl/interactivephysiology/ipweb/home/index2.html
Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Ventilación Pulmonar: Resumen http://www.physiol.med.uu.nl/interactivephysiology/ipweb/home/index2.html
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings