March 2022

ADVERSARIO - PABELLANO - DE LEON - TADIOSA

The

Reproductive

Sytem

12 STEM 4 GROUP 3

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM description

SYSTEM FUNCTION The major function of the reproductive system is to ensure

survival of the species. Other systems in the body, such as the

endocrine and urinary systems, work continuously to maintain

homeostasis for survival of the individual. An individual may

live a long, healthy, and happy life without producing offspring,

but if the species is to continue, at least some individuals must

produce offspring. Within the context of producing offspring, the reproductive

system has four functions: To produce egg and sperm cells To transport and sustain these cells To nurture the developing offspring To produce hormones

TWO KINDS OF

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM Male Reproductive System The male reproductive system is mostly located

outside of the body. These external organs include the

penis, scrotum and testicles. Internal organs include

the vas deferens, prostate and urethra. The male

reproductive system is responsible for sexual function,

as well as urination.

Female Reproductive System description

Male Reproductive Parts & Functions PENIS - is the male organ for sexual

intercourse. SCROTUM - is the loose pouch-like

sac of skin that hangs behind the penis.

It holds the testicles (also called

testes), as well as many nerves and

blood vessels. TESTICLES (testes) - are oval

organs about the size of very large

olives that lie in the scrotum, secured

at either end by a structure called the

spermatic cord EPIDIDYMIS - is a long, coiled tube

that rests on the backside of each

testicle. It carries and stores sperm

cells that are created in the testes. URETER- Muscles in the ureter

walls continually tighten and relax

forcing urine downward, away from

the kidneys. BLADDER - expand to store urine,

and contract and flatten to empty

urine through the urethra. VAS DEFERENS- The vas deferens

transports mature sperm to the urethra

in preparation for ejaculation.

PROSTATE GLAND - The

prostate's primary function is to

produce the fluid that nourishes

and transports sperm (seminal

fluid). SEMINAL VESICLE - The sac-

like glands that lie behind the

bladder and release a fluid that

forms part of semen. URETHRA - This tube allows

urine to pass outside the body. ERECTILE TISSUE - inside these

chambers there's a special, sponge-

like erectile tissue that contains

thousands of large spaces that fill

with blood when you're sexually

aroused.

Female Reproductive

Parts & Function

VAGINA - is a canal that joins the cervix (the lower part of uterus) to

the outside of the body. It also is known as the birth canal. UTERUS (womb) - is a hollow, pear-shaped organ that is the home to a

developing fetus. The uterus is divided into two parts: the cervix, which

is the lower part that opens into the vagina, and the main body of the

uterus, called the corpus. OVARIES - The ovaries are small, oval-shaped glands that are located

on either side of the uterus. The ovaries produce eggs and hormones. FALLOPIAN TUBES - These are narrow tubes that are attached to the

upper part of the uterus and serve as pathways for the ova (egg cells) to

travel from the ovaries to the uterus. FIMBRIEA - They enable the bacteria to bind to specific receptor

structures and thereby to colonise specific surfaces. ENDOMETRIUM - If pregnancy doesn't occur, the endometrium sheds

in a process known as menstruation. If conception takes place, the

embryo implants into the endometrium. CERVIX - The cervix acts as the door to the uterus which sperm can

travel through to fertilize eggs.

WHAT IS THE

HOMEOSTASIS?

Homeostasis refers to stability,

balance, or equilibrium within

a cell or the body. It is an

organism’s ability to keep a

constant internal environment.

Homeostasis is an important

characteristic of living things.

T

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How does the Reproductive

System help to maintaining

Homeostasis? The Reproductive System can help

maintain the Homeostasis by

producing eggs, it can make sure that

the offspring survive in his or her

mother's womb.

A female can give birth to about 35 babies in a lifetime. Both the male and female reproductive systems have the ability to

produce the smallest (sperm) and the largest (ovum) cells in the

human body. The sperm and the ovum are about 0.03 to 0.05 mm in

length and 120mm in diameter, respectively. A healthy male testes can produce around 500 million sperm cells

daily and can also release up to 75 to 200 million sperms during an

ejaculation. Female ovaries contain about 1-2 million eggs at birth, but only

300,000 ovaries make it to puberty. 5. The lifespan of an ova is 12-24

hours after it is released from the ovary, whilea sperm can live up to

36 hours. The process of sperm production (spermatogenesis) requires an

optimal temperature of 2-3ºC lower than the normal human body

temperature and this is why scrotum, which contains testicles, is

present outside body. Zygote is a single-cell entity, which is formed by a fusion of both the

sperm and the egg. Androgens are the hormones that are responsible for the deep voice,

body hair, height and muscles in men.

Keeping the Male Reproductive System Healthy Regularly Screen for STD’s - if you are currently sexually active and engage in

unprotected sex it’s important that you undergo

regular screening for HIV and other sexually-

transmitted diseases (STDs). Visit Your Doctor - if you want to maintain your overall (and sexual)

health, you should make sure that you have a physical

at least once a year. Practice Good Hygiene - this one is simple enough to follow. Wash your genitals

regularly to prevent the accumulation of dirt and germs in

your genitalia that can potentially cause infection.

Maintain A Healthy Lifestyle - you may be surprised to know just how important a

proper diet and exercise are towards maintaining proper

reproductive health. Quit Smoking - most doctors will agree that smoking can be a major

contributing factor to sexual dysfunction in men.

Keeping the Reproductive

System Healthy

Quit smoking - a single stick of cigarette contains countless toxic

compositions that lead to addiction, cancer and

coronary issues.

Go for regular screenings -with aging, getting a trusted gynecologist may be a

great idea. It is advisable to go for routine screening,

including Pap smears and STD and infections tests. Practice safe sex - safe sex is important for preventing diseases. Have regular orgasms - orgasms trigger the release of healthy hormones and

prompt the contraction of the uterus, which can help ease

and detoxify your body. Increase consumption of calcium and magnesium - magnesium alleviates headaches, sugar cravings,

dizziness and low blood sugar linked with PMS. Calcium

is effective for premenstrual fatigue, depression and

cravings.

Reproductive System Word Hunt Try and find 9 items related to Reproductive System

Label the Parts of the Reproductive

System

REFERENCE https://training.seer.cancer.gov/anatomy/reproductive/#:~:text=Within%20the%20context%20of

%20producing,To%20nurture%20the%20developing%20offspring https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/9117-male-reproductive-system https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/9118-female-reproductive-system https://www.ck12.org/section/homeostasis-and-regulation-%3a%3aof%3a%3a-the-human-body-

%3a%3aof%3a%3a-ck-12-biology-i-honors-ca-dti3/ https://www.medindia.net/health_statistics/health_facts/interesting-facts-about-human-

reproductive-system.htm https://prostatecancer911.com/five-tips-to-keep-the-male-reproductive-system-healthy/

RESEARCHER’S ADVERSARIO, Nathaniel T. TADIOSA, Kristelle Irene L.

EDITOR’S PABELLANO, Niño D. DE LEON, Ahlyzza Maye E.