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Office of the System President nowledge is K research, science,

created through and technology development. When adopted, this knowledge generated and developed will support and contribute in deciphering or alleviating the restrictions and limitations set to the region’s development as a whole. With scientific studies entrusted to the academe, the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines (USTP), as a member of the academe, has been employing this concept as its thrust in accentuating the significant role of research in driving socio and economic growth in Northern Mindanao. Having a deeper appreciation of this noble purpose, the USTP ensures that it creates various new knowledge and innovative technological solutions that will induce progress. However, USTP acknowledges that alone it can only do so much. This drives the USTP in strengthening its ties with the other Academes, Industry, Government, and even the Community in our region and closely work TOGETHER AS ONE in advancing Northern Mindanao’s socio and economic growth. In fact, we are witnessing the outcome of our collective effort over the years as a new paradigm has transcended the ivory towers and shifted to a nexus of research that enables us to directly respond to the challenges of the recent times. The USTP therefore constantly pursues its noble responsibility by continually conducting basic, applied, and advanced research in various fields of specialization. In fact, maintaining vibrant research and strengthening its extension services, and maximizing the utilization of the University’s outputs have been a priority of the USTP’s current Administration as part of its Seven-Point Agenda. Having encountered several unprecedented challenges amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the USTP, therefore, seeks to rebuild a more

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resilient community for a new normal set by the health crisis through multidisciplinary research outputs. Thus, this 2022 System-wide Research Summit that we are again conducting is a manifestation of our fervor aspiration in utilizing scientific approaches to generate innovative solutions. The USTP remains, and will steadfastly continue to seek avenues where it could further underscore the role of research in driving development. The University believes that with the region’s available myriad of scholars, we can propel further the socio, environmental and economic growth of our region. USTP will persistently take the lead in organizing a venue where researchers, innovators, and even entrepreneurs can openly discuss significant issues such as: (1) Food Safety, Productivity, and Security, (2) Science and Technology Education, (3) Natural Sciences, (4) Industrial Development, Energy Sufficiency, Infrastructure & Transportation, (5) Information & Communication Technology, and (6) Humanities and Social Sciences. We anticipate that by providing a venue, we will be able to identify how to resolve the existing problems and create concrete solutions to enable progress in our region. I, therefore, applaud all the researchers that took part in this meeting of minds with the intent to discuss ideas, share insights, and advocate for thoughtful and informed decisions. Through a scientific approach, I implore that the researchers further pursue their curiosity and explore the potential, opportunities, and possibilities that Research may offer. I am confident that with research as the vital tool in our idea development and with the University’s strong collaboration with the key players for development, we can anticipate being a contributor to rebuilding a more resilient community for a new normal through multidisciplinary research outputs. Thank you and kudos to all of you.

AMBROSIO B. CULTURA II, PhD President, USTP System

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Office of the Vice President of Research and Innovation he research and innovation mantra of T the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines (USTP) catapults the role and value of research as one of its key functions. It drives dynamic sharing of knowledge and development of competence of the researching individuals in effectively carrying out a scientific inquiry as well as in the dissemination, utilization, and commercialization of research and innovation outputs. Despite the challenges brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic, the University continues to leverage research and innovation. It provides different and engaging avenues where researchers ideate, concoct and produce solutions to certain problems. In no doubt, it has yielded a good number of relevant and impactful researches and innovations. Some of them were utilized in addressing certain COVID-19 issues and concerns particularly those related to food security, health and education. This year’s theme: Rebuilding a Resilient New Normal through Multidisciplinary Research, is just fitting and relevant. The researchers (faculty and students alike) have developed and manifested an attitude of resiliency. They come together and brainstormed on critical solutions to existing problems. They made use of their individual expertise and proved their worth as part of the solution-making process. In a nutshell, the multidisciplinarity of the research and innovation ideas, processes and methods allows a maximum and meaningful utility of research and innovation. As the University’s research and innovation leader, I wish to echo my sincere felicitation to the organizers of the System-wide Research Summit. It has always been my wish and prayer that the research and innovation culture we have started to refurbish would bring us to greater heights as we envision to become a more productive and visible Science and Technology University in research and innovation at par with other local and international universities. Kudos to the entire University System!

RUEL R. CABAHUG, PhD Vice President for Research and Innovation

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Office of the Director for Research USTP CDO ifficult as it may seem, but we D prospered in conducting the Systemwide Research Summit 2022 – one of the many things that we deserve to celebrate. I commend the Summit Taskforce for their solid commitment and efforts; evaluators for expertly inputting brilliant recommendations; paper and poster presenters for confidently sharing the results of their research; and observers for giving the Summit their hundred percent attendance and interest in the researches presented. The relevant, impactful research outputs proved USTP’s worth and capacity to produce research-based solutions to local and global problems. Some are utilizable, others appear to have a great potential to scale up for commercialization. Such is a manifestation of a dynamic research and innovation culture of the University despite the challenges brought about by the COVId-19 pandemic. I pray that the research and innovation mantra we have started to refurbish will enable us to yield a much impactful and relevant research and innovation outputs in the coming years. Until the next System-wide Research Summit

Thank you so much USTP!

ISMAEL N. TALILI, DA Director for Research Overall Summit Chair

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STREAM: FOOD SAFETY, PRODUCTIVITY AND SECURITY Oral Presentation Acceptability of the Innovated Product from Cassava (Manihot esculenta) and Squid (Loligo duvauceli) with Different Formulations, Drying Methods and Packaging Materials Using Sensory Evaluation Aler L. Pagente Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0003-0954-2335

Campus Affiliation: USTP Oroquieta Cassava and Squid are abundant foods found in the province of Misamis Occidental which provide a significant contribution to income and livelihood to the people. The study focused on the acceptability of cassava and squid chips using sensory evaluation with 1/4 squid and 3/4 cassava and 1/3 squid and 2/3 cassava formulations in kilograms. In terms of drying methods, convection and sun drying methods were used. While for product stability, polyethylene, polypropylene and foil packaging were also used. It utilized mixed methods research design and made use of descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of acceptability and stability of packaging materials. There were 100 respondents for the acceptability of the product and five food experts for the packaging stability. The results revealed that ¼ squid and ¾ cassava formulations, ¼ squid and ¾ cassava sun dried formulation obtained the highest results. On the experts’ evaluation in terms of stability of packaging materials polyethylene, polypropylene and foil has no significant difference in 30 days. In conclusion, the study signified that the product is acceptable and potential for product commercialization. It is recommended that innovative product should undergo chemical analysis to test the nutritional values and vacuum packaging for product stability.

Keywords: Cassava (Manihot esculenta), squid (Loligo duvauceli), formulations, drying methods, packaging materials, cost-benefit analysis

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STREAM: FOOD SAFETY, PRODUCTIVITY AND SECURITY Oral Presentation Potential of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) production under greenhouse and open field condition in Misamis Oriental, Philippines Bryan Glomel S. Silverio Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8864-5476

Campus Affiliation: USTP Claveria Strawberry is a high-value crop popularly grown in highland areas with cooler temperatures. It is rich in phytonutrients and flavonoids. Strawberry is usually planted using runners. A study was conducted to evaluate the performance of three strawberry varieties (San Andreas, Valiant, Jewel) grown inside the greenhouse and under open field conditions from May 2021 to December 2021 at the research area of the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines-Claveria. The study in both growing conditions was arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Jewel variety produced significantly a greater number of runners than other varieties. However, the San Andreas variety showed a significantly higher value of relative chlorophyll content of the leaves throughout the study. San Andreas also revealed the lowest pest and disease severity rating among varieties. The highest return on expenses based on runners produced was obtained in Jewel variety and closely followed by Valiant variety while San Andreas had the lowest. With these, strawberry runners’ production alone can be a good source of income for strawberry production. The maintenance of higher relative chlorophyll content and lowest pest and disease severity rating in the San Andreas variety could be a potential characteristic in improving the strawberry variety.

Keywords: Crop Science, Chlorophyll Content, Pest and Disease Severity, Runner Production, Varietal Trials, Split-plot Design

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STREAM: FOOD SAFETY, PRODUCTIVITY AND SECURITY Oral Presentation Rapid clonal propagation of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana bertoni) grown organically: a trailblazing innovation for health awareness amid pandemic Eric Randy R. Politud Email: [email protected] ORCID No.0000-0003-1204-8338 Affiliation: USTP-Claveria

Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.) plays a natural sweetener to blaze path for market health amid pandemic. The study aimed to determine the growth and yield of Stevia in response to clonal propagation methods and growing media conducted in the early to mid-2022, following a 3 x 3 Factorial Arrangement in Completely Randomized Design with 3 replications, the 3 types of cuttings of Stevia (shoot tip, nodal and wedge stem) as Factor A, and the 3 growing media combinations (pure garden soil, ½ garden soil + ½ vermicast, and 1/3garden soil+1/3vermicast+1/3sand) as Factor B. Plant height, number of branches and survival rates obtained significant results for shoot tip cuttings, and (1/3garden soil+1/3 vermicast+1/3sand) for number of branches, having the best growth performance. Fresh stem weight (shoot tip cuttings), percent oven-dried weight (wedge stem cutting) and interactions (shoot tip cuttings with 1/2 garden soil + 1/2 vermicast and 1/3 garden soil + 1/3 vermicast + 1/3 sand) obtained significant results. Shoot tip cuttings revealed significant findings in oven-dried stem weight, oven-dried herbage weight and interaction effects on percent herbage moisture content. Hence, a promotional health awareness for the grass-roots to venture into propagation amid pandemic.

Keywords: Food Safety-Productivity-Security, growth-yield-cost and return analyses, quantitative approach, experimental laboratory testing

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STREAM: FOOD SAFETY, PRODUCTIVITY AND SECURITY Oral Presentation Agronomic performance of Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) as influenced by biofertilizer and different levels of inorganic fertilizer Apolinario B. Gonzaga, Jr1., Anthony T. Dollen2, Eduard Bruvi V. Añabieza3, Renante D. Taylaran4, Cyril John C. Nagal5, Sarah Lyn A. Pepito6, Ronelo G. Cablinda7, Nelda R. Gonzaga8. Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-5872-0009

Campus Affiliation: USTP Claveria The efficacy of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in Robusta (Coffea canephora) has not been studied closely, especially in its capacity to enhance the growth and yield in old rejuvenated trees and in its role in integrated fertilizer management in the field. This study was conducted to determine the productivity performance of robusta, influenced by biofertilizer and different levels of inorganic fertilizer. There were eight treatments with three replications and each treatment have three trees. The study was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Results revealed that while there were no apparent effects on the growth of the test crop, highly significant results were obtained in terms of yield. Based on the results, high yields were obtained from MYKOVAM® (T3) and the mixture of 75% of conventional fertilizer recommended rate (RR) and MYKOVAM® (T6) which were comparable. Similar results were shown by RR (T2), 25% RR + MYKOVAM® (T4), 50% RR + MYKOVAM® (T5), 100% RR + MYKOVAM® (T7), and 125% RR + MYKOVAM® (T8). This study validated that MYKOVAM® enhanced the productivity of robusta coffee in terms of yield. Further studies in terms of long-term effects are recommended.

Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), biofertilizer, Crop Science, RandomizedComplete Block Design (RCBD), inorganic fertilizer, robusta coffee

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STREAM: FOOD SAFETY, PRODUCTIVITY AND SECURITY Oral Presentation

Design and Simulation Storage System for Fish

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Cold

Nelson T. Corbita Jr.1, Diogenes Armando Pascua2, Leonel Pabilona3 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0003-1672-8170

Campus Affiliation: USTP CDO Fish storage is a common problem for the fisherman in the Philippines as this requires additional expenses and the traditional method of using ice would produce waste that is not good for the environment, especially the ocean. Due to the perishable nature of fish, storage is a very critical part of the business for fishermen. The potential loss from fish wastage would account for 20% to 30% of the fish caught. The research would aim to design and simulate a cold storage system that is capable of storing fish at certain temperatures. The cold storage would solve the problem of waste from the use of ice and eventually will return the investment from using such a system. The design methodology involves the use of gathered parameters from the initial site visit to a fish landing area in Cagayan de Oro City. Furthermore, the availability of local materials is considered in the design of the cold storage system. The simulation was then performed on various designs created to test the theoretical efficiency. Results showed that the designed cold storage could maintain the needed temperature for fish storage. The design could be further improved with the use of renewable energy technology like solar panels to power the system. Keywords: Cold Storage System, Fish Storage, Renewable Energy, Temperature Control

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STREAM: FOOD SAFETY, PRODUCTIVITY AND SECURITY Oral Presentation Development of a Fish Freshness Meter Using Bioimpedance Analysis Diogenes Armando D. Pascua Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-1986-9684

Campus Affiliation: USTP Oroquieta

Freshness is the primary factor that most people consider when purchasing fish items for food, however traditional procedures and methods for assessing seafood freshness have significant downsides, such as being destructive, costly, time-consuming, and requiring highly skilled personnel. Using the electrical properties of fish, this study provides an alternative approach for determining the freshness of fish by developing a cost-effective fish freshness meter. The developed meter utilizes Bio-impedance analysis correlating fish impedance to its freshness-based on the time elapsed from the time the fish was caught. Fish impedance was measured using AD5933- a single-chip impedance analyzer. The developed freshness meter was tested on impedance measurement and fish age through representative fish species. Experimental data were obtained from the developed device to standardize the impedance values of the representative fish species, represented via fitted line plots to generate the regression equations that serve as the algorithm to be integrated into the device. The behavior of the C values, the ratio of the impedance at 2 kHz (ZL) and 100 kHz (ZH) over time, is the basis for determining fish age. Specifically, Tilapia (Oreochromis Nilotic’s), Catfish (Clarias batrachus), HorseMackerel (Trachurus trachurus), Japanese Halfbeak (Hyporhamphus major), Rockfish (Sebastes melanops), and Sardinella (Sardinella albella) were the species the researchers conducted testing on for impedance measurement under frozen and nonfrozen states. The results showed that the developed device is able to calculate the freshness of fish at different states in terms of age. Keywords: fish freshness meter, bio-impedance analysis, AD5933 impedance analyzer, fish age, microcontrollers

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STREAM: FOOD SAFETY, PRODUCTIVITY AND SECURITY Oral Presentation Productivity of Saba Banana (Musa acuminata x balbisiana) as Influenced by Different Levels of NPK Fertilizer under Jasaan Series Leonie Love A. Harnaiz1, Janes M. Ohagan2, Cyril John C. Nagal3, Ronelo G. Cablinda4, Renante D. Taylaran5 Apolinario B. Gonzaga Jr.6 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-6816-5379

Campus Affiliation: USTP Claveria Saba is the second most grown banana in the Philippines. With its increasing demand and wider market both local and abroad, growers need to advance and sustain farm efficiency. Among the various factors in production, plant nutrition is one of the key components for higher productivity. Hence, a field study was conducted at USTP-Claveria Research under Center for High Value Crops. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of NPK fertilizer on Saba productivity under Jasaan Series. In addition to T1 (no NPK), there were four varying levels of NPK fertilizer applied as treatments, viz. T2 (N90-P30-K120), T3 (N135-P60K180), T4 (N180-P120-K360), and T5 (N270-P180-K540). The results presented that T3 obtained significant difference on base girth in the 11th month and on one-third girth in the 7th month, while T5 recorded the most number of suckers in the 12th, 13th, 14th month. The highest level of NPK (T5) numerically influenced the total bunch weight with 28.87 kgs and yield (10.98 ton/ha), while T3 obtained significant difference on the diameter of finger with 16.04 cm. T1 showed the highest return of investment of 2.03 as compared to T5 (Php 0.84). The result showed that the highest level of NPK attained the highest yield among all the other treatments on the main crop. Related studies are suggested to verify the sustainability of NPK fertilizer on the succeeding ratoons. Keywords: Agriculture, Food safety, productivity, and security, Jasaan series, nitrogen, phosphorus, plant nutrition, potassium, Saba banana

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STREAM: FOOD SAFETY, PRODUCTIVITY AND SECURITY Poster Presentation

Dairy Production Practices among Dairy Farms in Eastern Misamis Oriental Trexie Lou Cuizon Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-6660-2050

Campus Affiliation: Center for Dairy Research and Innovations The dairy industry in eastern Misamis Oriental is still young and baseline information for decision-making is essential. The study was conducted to evaluate the feeding, milking practices, volume of milk and utilization of milk among eight dairy farms in Eastern Misamis Oriental. A structured survey questionnaire was floated to gather the information needed. Descriptive statistical analysis was used. Results revealed that half of the dairy farmers fed their cows at least twice a day in a cut and carry and grazing system. The majority of the farms use milking machines and 12.5% do hand milking. The milk production volume revealed that farms in Eastern Misamis Oriental produced 9.53 liters per cow per day. With the volume produced each day, 88% were marketed; 11.4% were fed to calves; two percent were used for in-home consumption only 1.63 percent were wasted/rejected. The use of milking machines and following the Good Dairy Farming Practice relates to the higher milk production of dairy farms in Eastern Mindanao compared with the national milk production performance.

Keywords: agriculture, dairy production practices, milk volume marketed, fed to calves

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STREAM: FOOD SAFETY, PRODUCTIVITY AND SECURITY Poster Presentation Dairy Production Practices among Dairy Farms in Eastern Misamis Oriental Melecyn Jane L. Alcarde Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0003-1703-2079

Campus Affiliation: USTP Claveria Corn is grown commonly as staple food but recently gaining favor among dairy farmers as silage and energy source for dairy animals in the Philippines. Silage production is challenged with time and quality. Dairy farms wanted to produce the best quality silage at the shortest time possible while growth of dairy animals is greatly dependent on the quality of feed they consume. The study determined the influence of fermentation starters on the quality and sensory attributes of corn silage and its impact in growth of calves. Three fermentation starters were used (T1-control, T2 - Kefir (fermented milk), T3 - Lactic Acid Bacteria serum (LABS) and T4Indigenous Microorganism (IMO). Results revealed that treating corn silage with LABS produced a significantly higher Crude Protein (20.39%) among others. Silage with LABS starter doubled the Crude Protein in corn silage (no starter). Thus, Crude Fiber (CF) was significantly lower and better in corn silage with LABS, Kefir and IMO starters. Sensory attributes showed that corn silage with and without starters fermented well but kefir produced a sharp sweet odor, brown color and normal pH. Average Daily Gains (ADG) and Feed Efficiency (FE) tends to be better in calves fed with silage with kefir, LABS and IMO.

Keywords: Agriculture, Corn Silage, Fermentation starters, Indigenous Microorganism, Kefir, Lactic Acid Bacteria serum, growth, calves

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STREAM: FOOD SAFETY, PRODUCTIVITY AND SECURITY Poster Presentation Acceptability and Shelflife of Saba Banana Stem into Chips in Different Packaging Materials Anne Jane M. Fajardo1, Cherieden J. Belano2, Gerlie C. delos Reyes3, Christopher R. Balaba4 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0003-2521-3638

Campus Affiliation: USTP Panaon The objective in this research is to determine the general acceptability level of chips out of banana stem. The researchers were encouraged to use the banana stem to address the existing wastage of banana stem and to make a better evaluation of the best packaging material for storage of chips. The researchers utilized a quantitative and experimental design in this study. The purpose of a quantitative research design is to find out how a dependent variable and an independent variable interact. An experimental design, on the other hand, is intended to assess the subject's condition before and after a treatment. The overall number of storage of days, there is no noticeable difference between resealable aluminum foil and plastic jar. Therefore, the researchers failed to reject the null hypothesis. On the other hand, microwaveable container showed a high significant difference since the computed p-value of 0.000 is way higher than the alpha value of 0.05 level of significance. With this, the researchers rejected the null hypothesis. Evaluators and customers equally approve the banana stem, according to the data. The category of the packaging materials has no impact on the crispiness of the food, but it has no effect on the other characteristics of the cuisine. A banana stem may be used to make chips and consumed as a snack. The best packaging material to use is a plastic jar as a result of the of the consumer input. In addition, the result of banana stem chips, especially the middle part of the banana stem, is acceptable. Keywords: Saba banana Stem, middle part, inner part, plastic jar, resealable aluminum foil, microwaveable container, shelf life

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STREAM: FOOD SAFETY, PRODUCTIVITY AND SECURITY Oral Presentation Growth Performance of Dairy Calves Fed with Different Levelsof Brewer’s Spent Grains Imelda U. Hebron1, Jesryl Janopol2 , Lialyn O. Abrenica3 , Jemar Cartilla4 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-2190-3327

Campus Affiliation: USTP Claveria Feed comprises about 70% of the production costs in growing dairy calves. Brewer’s Spent Grains is locally available at a much cheaper cost and may become a potential option for dairy farmers. This feeding trial investigated the effect of incorporating 0, 10% and 20%Brewer’sSpent Grain son growth performance of dairy calves aging five to six months for 60 days. The feeding trial was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three treatments replicated thrice. Treatment1 fed calves with USTP Farm Practiced Ration, Treatment 2 fed calves with 10%BSGsubstitutedfrom farm practiced ration and Treatment 3 with 20%. Initial weights were comparable at the start of the trial. Data on final weight, weight gained, Average Daily Grain (ADG), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), and Return above Feed Cost were gathered and analyzed using the analysis of variance. Results revealed that growing calves’ concentrate portion can be potentially substituted with 10% to 20% Brewer’s Spent Grains. Final weights, weights gained and ADG were comparable ranging 0.40 -0.41kg consuming about eight to 15 kg feeds to convert a kilogram of meat. Return above Feed Cost were significantly higher when calves were fed 10%to20%BSG.It is concluded that integrating 10% to 20% BSG in the ration of calves improves their economic performance. Keywords: dairy calves, Brewer’s Spent Grains, growth performance

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STREAM: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION Oral Presentation An Improvised Kundt’s Tube Method Using Smartphones Lowell M. Gabunilas Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-9031-2347

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO

Laboratory experience is integral to science education. However, access to quality science laboratory equipment is a challenge faced by many educational institutions in the Philippines. This paper reports on the improvisation of a traditional method to measure the speed of sound in air using the smartphone. The Kundt’s Tube method is a technique for measuring the speed of sound. It is commonly used in laboratory experiments for teaching acoustics in high school physics and general physics. The improvised Kundt’s tube method utilized a 1.0m-long PVC pipe and two smartphones for generating longitudinal standing waves and sound sensing. Using the setup, the speed of sound is measured to within 3.76% of the theoretical value. Thus, the improvised Kundt’s Tube method is fit for high school and general physics laboratories. In addition, the materials used are easily accessible and readily available which makes the setup very economical. The results demonstrate the immense potential of mobile technologies as tools to enrich the learning experiences of science students and as means to address the deficiencies in the science laboratory. It is recommended that educational institutions must invest on training teachers on the use of mobile technologies for teaching science.

Keywords: smartphone, improvised apparatus, physics education, science laboratory, Kundt’s tube

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STREAM: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION Oral Presentation Innovative Teaching-Learning System: Cdio Initatives in Ustp Lea Mae S. Tabosares1, Amparo V. Dinagsao2, Rojien V. Morcilla3, Aileen A. Sieras4, Lloyd Jhon B. Estampa5 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-5641-7206

Campus Affiliation: USTP CDO This paper presents the Innovative Teaching-Learning System (ITLS) framework for the CDIO initiatives of the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines (USTP). It is composed of two parts: 1) CDIO initiatives under the ITLS framework implemented through the Center for Innovative Teaching-Learning (CITL) 2) A faculty’s Reflections and Burning Questions on Experiential Learning Activity for Software Engineering Course Leading to Transition into Workforce. The Center for Innovative Teaching-Learning (CITL) concretizes the ITLS Objectives, through intensive faculty training programs on curriculum review, course delivery monitoring and assessment, and innovative teaching-learning strategies including active and experiential learning, design thinking, and virtual learning. The second part of this paper is a study on the employment of CDIO initiatives in the classroom level. It discusses the challenges and possible strategies related to determining and planning experiential learning activities and assessment in large classes and time-limited meetings. One of the strategies applied was designing experientiallearning activities that are real-world problem based and client-partnered, providing the computer engineering students with actual experiences in software development. Reflection and burning questions were the two methods in assessing the students involved in experiential projects. Thesewere used in determining the following: if the students used the principles and theories learned from the classroom; how they handled simple to complex problems; how it enhanced their skills and knowledge; and how their involvement affected their client. The students were then assessedafter they finished the degree in terms of their work history and responsibilities. The study shows that appropriate design of experiential learning activities will enable students to find better job opportunities in the software development area. Keywords: Innovative Teaching Learning System (ITLS); OutcomesBased Education (OBE);Conceive-Design- (CDIO); Standards

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STREAM: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION Oral Presentation Zoom Application for Online Language Learning Charito G. Ong Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-5504-4743

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Flexible learning in this pandemic combines a specific percentage of synchronous and asynchronous sessions. In this research, the adoption of Zoom as a discussion platform tool in teaching communicative English skills to tertiary education students in a public HEI is discussed; based on the Leapfrog Principle. The study investigated the effectiveness of Zoom as a language teaching tool in Language courses. It also examined the platform’s role in new learning spaces with today’s learners. Data for the study was collected via online class observation, followed by a recorded interview conducted among fifty-five students. The analysis of the data was done qualitatively. The findings of the study indicated that Zoom is perceived as an effective teaching tool; in terms of both delivery and pedagogy in Intensive English programs. It was also believed to cater to a flexible and motivating language learning environment for the current flexible learning academic scenarios. The integration of zoom application into the intensive Language courses for tertiary level learners, enriched the teaching-learning experiences. Keywords: Flexible learning, Zoom application, effectiveness

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STREAM: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION Poster Presentation Assessment of Acceptability of Multipurpose Drafting Table for the New Normal Ivy D. Ypanto Email:[email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-1107-7201 Affiliation: USTP CDO

The development of the Multipurpose Drafting Table (MDT) which is multifunctional, aesthetically pleasing, more mobile, and more efficient to use might open up new possibilities for bringing home, classroom, or other learning environments more conducive to the new normal of teaching and learning. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate its acceptability which could be very useful in terms of making the table with multipurpose capabilities and easy-totransfer abilities more convenient to use in the new normal settings. Students in Drafting and other technology-related disciplines can work and complete projects at any time and from any location using this innovation, especially if the activities involve internet access. To address this gap, this study used a survey research design and the primary researcher adopted a questionnaire for the evaluation of the MDT in terms of the table’s functionality, aesthetics, and ergonomics. Seventy-two students and experts in drafting technology and design-related fields were the participants in the study coming from two state universities in Mindanao, Philippines, namely USTP and CSUCC. Findings of the study revealed that the MDT’s functionality, aesthetics, and ergonomics were very highly acceptable. The results point to the conclusion that the MDT has many functions in a single piece of furniture. Due to its modern and appealing style, it is pleasing to look at and can motivate study and encourage creativity. It is also easy to adjust, ideal for working in both standing and sitting positions, and permits movement and ensures good posture. Building creative designs that enable educational transformation processes through flexible models to match current demands and future conditions can increase relevant teaching and learning greatly. Keywords: Education, Multipurpose Drafting Table, Philippine state universities, Drafting and design-related fields

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STREAM: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION Poster Presentation Improving Level of Disaster Preparedness and Conceptual Understanding about Typhoon and Earthquake through STEM Modular Learning Ruem P. Tubo Email: [email protected] ORCID No. 0000-0003-3656-5401 Affiliation: USTP-Oroquieta Campus

This study intended to improve Grade 8 learners' level of disaster preparedness and conceptual understanding about typhoons and earthquakes through STEM modular learning. The study used a onegroup pretest-posttest design with qualitative support. The respondents’ level of disaster preparedness increased from Level 2 to Level 4 based on the obtained data after maximizing the STEM learning modules. Also, the conceptual understanding of the respondents had improved as results showed that there was a significant difference between the pretest and posttest. Moreover, results from the open-ended questionnaire entailed that the STEM learning modules positively helped in improving the conceptual understanding and level of disaster preparedness of the respondents. The study also fostered and developed 21st-century skills such as collaboration, creativity, problem-solving skills, criticalthinking skills, technology skills, digital skills, information literacy, communication skills, global awareness, self-direction, innovation, cooperation, flexibility, initiative, productivity, and leadership skills. It was recommended that the format of the STEM learning modules would be maximized in designing modules in different subject matter and implemented the STEM learning modules to a large-scale respondent to cross- validate the results. Keywords: Conceptual understanding, Development, Disaster preparedness, STEM Education

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STREAM: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION Poster Presentation Dimensions of Motivation and Engagement of Science Curriculum High School Students Taking Home Economics Class: Development of Measurement Scale through Exploratory Factor Analysis Irish Cabtalan-Achondo1, Sarah O. Namoco2 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-3023-0929

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Different disciplines require different levels of motivation and engagement in learning. In the case of the high school students enrolled in a science curriculum taking Home Economics class, there is no available measurement scale that will determine the level of motivation and engagement in the subject. To address this research gap, the researcherdeveloped 99 question items for motivation and engagement in learning Home Economics during online class from FGD, a thorough review of previous studies and theories relating to the level of motivation and engagement of students. The 99 question items that were developed were utilized in an online survey among Grade seven and eight science curriculum high school students. One hundred eighty-one (181) students responded to the survey via Google Form. The data collected were analyzed using Exploratory Factor Analysis to evaluate the factor scales and to examine the appropriateness of the items included in the measurement scale. Results from the data analysis revealed three factors bearing an Eigenvalue of one or higher. These three factors have an explained variance of 37.90%. The factors were labeled as social engagements for factor one, academic goals for factor 2, and challenges in learning online modality for factor 3. The findings provided a shred of solid evidence that studentswho are enrolled in a science curriculum have the willingness to achieve with social interactions and an effort in doing the activities despite the challenges posed by the onlinelearning modality. Recommendations for further studies are discussed in this study. Keywords: EFA, Engagement, Home Economics Class, Measurement Scale Development, Motivation, Science Curriculum.

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STREAM: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION Poster Presentation Gathering Evidences As Bases for Institutionalizing Space for Science a Science Communication Project in the University Of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines John David O. Moncada1, Angeli PizarroMonsanto2 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0003-2931-5367

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Science communication is communicating scientific knowledge in a manner that is understandable, accessible, and usable to the nonexpert. Communicating its importance in the university can be a challenge. This research study establishes the relevance of science communication to USTP. In addition, it assesses the level of science popularization based on science-related articles written and published by either USTP faculty or student; and the preferences of students in terms of science issues, media platform, and media format. This descriptive research study used proportional stratified random sampling technique. It used a validated researcher-made survey questionnaire. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results showed that USTP students find science communication relevant to the university because of its didactic purpose. The level of science popularization based on the sciencerelated articles is high. They are not entirely complete and easily accessible. Students are interested to read about climate change and have a strong preference for social media and video as medium and format, respectively. Taking into account the views of students as the primary customer of the university, the evidences gathered provide an awareness for the policy makers in the University of the Relevance of science communication and the need to improve the way science is communicated through science writing. These evidences may point out to the need to institutionalize science communication in USTP. A similar study may be conducted with researchers and scientists in USTP as respondents that is aimed primarily at gauging their competency in communicating science. Keywords: Science communication, institutionalization, media and technology, descriptive research

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STREAM: NATURAL SCIENCES Oral Presentation Macrophytes with Phytoremediation Potential Horacio Emmanuel S. Factura III1, Dennis A. Apuan2 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-4178-3529

Campus Affiliation: USTP Balubal

Macrophytes can remove and degrade pollutants in soil and water which basically refers to phytoremediation. The objective of this study was to identify locally growing macrophyte species in Cagayan de Oro (CDO) city and determine abundance. Quadrat method was used and a plant expert was consulted. Eighteen plant species were identified and the 5 most abundant were: Brachiaria mutica, Ipomoeae triloba, Ipomoeae aquatica, Commelina diffusa and Panicum maximum. Various literatures have reported scientific evidences on the capacity of the species to absorb and accumulate metals and pollutants present in soil or water. In conclusion, CDO has a number of macrophytes with phytoremediation potential for wastewater treatment.

Keywords: Macrophytes, phytoremediation, wastewater treatment.

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STREAM: NATURAL SCIENCES Oral Presentation Metal ferrite-enabled graphene oxide nanocomposites for adsorptive removal of dye from simulated wastewater Allen Rhay B. Bayantong Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0003-3205-9819

Campus Affiliation: USTP Claveria Dyes are hazardous compounds commonly found in industrial wastewaters. Efficient and inexpensive removal of dye molecules from the water matrix has been demonstrated by adsorption processes. Magnetic nano-adsorbents, such as metal ferrites, can be efficiently recovered from the reaction mixture after treating the pollutant. Herein, MFe2O4@GO (M = Cu, Co or Ni) was synthesized via solution combustion method for the removal of dye molecules from aqueous solutions. The characteristics of the MFe2O4@GO, including surface area and pore diameter, surface functional groups, and elemental composition, were examined. Methylene blue was used as representative dye pollutant. Batch adsorption results conformed to the Langmuir isotherm. Maximum adsorption capacities of the MFe2O4@GO (M = Cu, Co or Ni) were 25.81, 50.15 and 76.34 mg g−1, respectively. Kinetics of methylene blue adsorption fitted the pseudo-second-order model. Overall, NiFe2O4@GO exhibited the highest adsorbent performance among the graphene-metal ferrites investigated, primarily because of its high specific surface area and presence of mesopores.

Keywords: Adsorption, Isotherm, Kinetics, MFe2O4@GO, Wastewater treatment

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STREAM: NATURAL SCIENCES Poster Presentation Production Yield of Sea Salt Using Cooking Method in the Coastal Waters of Punta, Panaon Misamis Occidental Raeden G. Cuaresma1, Harold C. Enson2, Kathrina H. Gomonit3, Joe T. Labadan4, Jochres Eufeme Mico P. Padilla5 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0003-4246-3583

Campus Affiliation: USTP Panaon This study was conducted to ascertain the production yield of sea salt in Punta, Panaon coastal waters using the cooking method. The research aims to determine the viability of salt making in Punta, Panaon, Misamis Occidental. Generally, the salinity, turbidity, and temperature of Punta, Panaon coastal waters are still within the optimum levels and the production yield of sea salt is generally increasing with depths and distance from the shore. The statistical computations show that salinity based on the different distances from the shore that gives a significant and very strong positive correlation with ρ=.798 and p=.029. Independent Sample t-test results indicate that there is a significant difference between the production yield of sea salt from the surface and bottom levels with computed absolute t-value =3.877>critical value=1.662, df=88, and p= .000 which much lower than α=.05. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) reveal that there is a significant difference in the average production yield of sea salt in terms of the distance from the shore with p=.000. Moreover, the result p=.308 show that there is no significant difference in the production yield of sea salt obtained from the 3 different sampling stations. Therefore, salt production is viable in the coastal waters of Punta, Panaon, Misamis Occidental. Keywords: sea salt, production yield, cooking method

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STREAM: NATURAL SCIENCES Poster Presentation Synthesis and Computational Study of Carboxymethylated Cellulose from Pineapple Leaf Fiber (PALF) Wastes for Copper (II) Adsorption Eljen James G. Tagsip Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-7584-4019

Campus Affiliation: USTP - CDO Cellulose-based adsorbents derived from pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) wastes for heavy metal ion removal provides an efficient solution to boost the use of agricultural biomass residue to wastewater treatment. In this work, cellulose from PALF wastes were extracted via alkaline treatment followed by steam explosion and acid treatment. The obtained PALF cellulose was further modified into carboxymethylated cellulose (CMC) by etherification and characterization of the material showed its cellulosic nature and confirms the attachment of carboxymethyl groups. Results from adsorption studies showed that with an increasing CMC dose and increasing contact time, Cu2+ removal also increases, however the percentage removal did not vary at more than 0.4 g CMC dosages and longer than 90 minutes due to the saturation of adsorption sites. The adsorption mechanism of CMC towards the removal of Cu2+ ions followed a Langmuir isotherm model and a pseudo-second order model, thus indicating chemisorption. Moreover, an improved adsorption performance of CMC than its unmodified counterpart was observed at different pH conditions and temperatures. To save computational cost, a DFT B3LYP/STO-3G basis set was applied on a carboxymethylated cellobiose model to further observe the predicted sites of adsorption. Results revealed an improved visualization of direct binding sites for Cu2+ through its molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and frontier molecular orbitals (FMO). Rough estimated values of the electronic interaction energy (Eint) and Gibbs energy (ΔG) also showed the spontaneity of the formation of carboxymethylated cellobiose copper complex thus verifying the application of PALF CMC for Cu2+ ion removal. Keywords: chemistry, adsorption, CMC, computational method, copper, PALF cellulose, adsorption isotherm, adsorption kinetics

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STREAM: NATURAL SCIENCES Poster Presentation Volume of Fish Catch, Composition and CPUE in Jimenez and Sinacaban, Misamis Occidental Bryan G. Tamayo1, Jonnebert A. Sol2, Julito L. Salamanca3, Grace Paul R. Mutas4, Joylyn C.Tanguamos5 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-8778-9814

Campus Affiliation: USTP Panaon The Philippine annual increase in population requires a sufficient food source. It has also been reported that municipal fishery production is decreasing. The researchers assessed the two coastal municipalities in Misamis Occidental in terms of catch composition, volume, size structure, length weight relationship, CPUE, fishing activities and socio-economic profile of the fisherfolks. Eleven fish families were identified namely Clupeidae, Carangidae, Engraulidae, Exocoetidae, Holocentridae, Lutjanidae, Mullidae Scaridae, Serranidae, Signaidae, and Terapontidae. Three pelagic fish families were the most abundant, Exocoetidae (3573.5 kg), Clupeidae (2646kg) and Carangidae (1672kg). For coral reef fishes the most abundant were Siganidae (144kg), Holocentridae (128kg) and Terapontidae (105.2 kg). Jimenez has a higher catch of the pelagic fishes with 5245.50 kg compare to Sinacaban with only 2646 kg. There is a significant difference (p =0.003) in the catch volume between the municipality of Sinacaban and Jimenez and a significant difference (p = 0.000) between the daily catch volume between gear. However no significant difference (p=0.792) on CPUE. The researchers recommend the strengthening of fishery ordinance specifically on the protection of the marine resources and provide alternative livelihood to support fishers during ban periods and occasional bad weather conditions. Keywords: fish catch, catch volume, catch per unit effort (CPUE), length weight relationship (LWR), fishermen profile, fishing activities

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STREAM: NATURAL SCIENCES Poster Presentation Determination of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Eleusine indica Extracts using Different Ethanol–Water Solvent Systems Rodchris C. Ociones Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-8893-5550

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Eleusine indica commonly called as “paragis” in the Philippines is generally used as a medicinal herb in most of Southeast Asia. This study aimed to use various concentrations of ethanol – water solvent systems in the extraction of E.indica. The antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC), and total flavonoid content (TFC) of E.indica extracts were investigated. The 25% aqueous ethanolic extract showed the lowest EC50 value (93.87 ± 0.813 ppm) and had also a strong antioxidant activity in DPPH (2,2diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. The same extract also exhibited the highest total phenolic content (19.234 ± 0.29 mg GAE/g) and the highest total flavonoid content (50.58 ± 0.05 mg QE/g). These results indicate that E.indica is a potential antioxidant and can be utilized for further studies.

Keywords: Cassava (Manihot esculenta), squid (Loligo duvauceli), formulations, drying methods, packaging materials, cost-benefit analysis

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STREAM: NATURAL SCIENCES Poster Presentation Above-ground Biomass and Carbon Stock Estimation of Rhizophora apiculata and Rhizophora mucronata and its Potential Market Value in Alubijid and Laguindingan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines Althea June C. Nacalaban 1, Rowena D. Lupac Wella2, Marie M. Paradero3 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-5646-3747

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Climate change increases the risks of catastrophic events, threatens biodiversity and ecosystems. The mangrove ecosystem helps mitigate climate change by reducing greenhouse gases in the atmosphere since they could store large amounts of carbon dioxide in their biomass. This study aims to estimate the above-ground biomass and carbon stock of Rhizophora apiculata and Rhizophora mucronata and their potential market value. The general allometric equation developed by Kauffman & Donato (2012) was used to estimate aboveground biomass using DBH and wood density values. Statistical t-tests were used to compare the DBH and carbon stock of the two sites. The result showed that the total biomass of both species from Tubajon, Laguindingan is 151.94 Mg/ha with a carbon stock value of 75.97 Mg/ha. Furthermore, Baybay, Alubijid shows 136.74 Mg/ha total biomass having a carbon stock value of 68.37 Mg/ha. The minimum carbon credit based on voluntary and regulated market value for the mangrove forest in Tubajon and Baybay was estimated PHP 24,970.21 ha -1 (USD 3,002.78 ha -1 ), whereas a diverse natural forest in Baybay, Alubijid can be worth PHP 22,472.21 ha -1 (USD 2,702.39 ha -1 ). The study recommends conducting additional research on the annual sequestration rate of mangrove forests and preferred environmental conditions in water, microclimate, and soil substrates of the mangroves. The study reinforces the importance of the two mangrove species as useful carbon stock, the need for protection as climate change mitigation and the economic development using the mangrove ecosystems. Keywords: Environmental Management, mangrove resource valuation, above ground biomass assessment, carbon stock assessment, market value

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STREAM: NATURAL SCIENCES Poster Presentation Application of ‘Mud ball’ Technology for the Improvement of Water Quality in Bitan-ag Creek, Cagayan De Oro City, Philippines Abello M. Magsacay Jr1, Rica Mae F. Hojas2 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0003-2705-7667

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Bitan-ag creek traversing the business district of Cagayan de Oro, Philippines was burdened by the proliferation of informal settlers and ongoing construction projects changing the landscape and water quality. This research was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of 'Mud ball' technology in improving the water quality in the creek. Selected physicochemical and microbiological parameters such as dissolved oxygen, electrical conductivity, pH, temperature, nitrates, phosphates, total suspended solids, and fecal coliform were determined and compared to the standard set by DENR Administrative Order (DAO) 2016-08 and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA). The status of the water quality in the creek was determined before and after applying the mudballs. Overall, the current physicochemical and microbiological parameters in the upstream, midstream, and downstream sites exceeded the standard set by DAO 2016-08. Except for the electrical conductivity which is within the US EPA standards. Composition of Treatment 3 with a ratio of 1:0.25:100:500 in producing ‘Mud ball’ Technology is the most effective method compared to Treatments 1 and 2 in improving the water quality in Bitan- ag creek which passed the DAO 2016-08 and US EPA standard in most physicochemical parameters and lowered the concentration of the fecal coliform. The efficiency of ‘Mud ball’ technology has a significant effect on the improvement of the water quality in the three sampling sites of the Bitan- ag creek. Researchers recommend the use of ‘Mud ball’ technology as the best low-cost technology in treating the Bitan-ag creek. Keywords: Bitan-ag Creek, DAO 2016-08, Mud Ball Technology, Treatment

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STREAM: NATURAL SCIENCES Poster Presentation Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Peel Extracts from Lakatan and Latundan Banana Cultivars at Different Stages of Ripening Jeffrilyn L. Sigla1, Nesteve John B. Agosto2 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-9452-9498

Campus Affiliation: USTP Oroquieta Bananas are a staple food and fruit which are recognized as the world's greatest fruit crop with yearly production exceeding 100 million tons. Banana peel, a by- product which covers 40% of the entire banana’s weight, is rich in bioactive compounds and possesses a high antioxidant activity. This study evaluated the peels of the two banana cultivars, Lakatan and Latundan at two stages of ripening (unripe and ripe) for their total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity. Results showed that the unripe peels of both cultivars had higher TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity compared to the ripe peels. Additionally, the ethanolic extracts of the unripe peels of both cultivars had high antioxidant activity. It is suggested to utilize the unripe peels as a good source of antioxidant for further studies. Keywords: Lakatan, Latundan, phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidant

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STREAM: NATURAL SCIENCES Poster Presentation Upcycling Organic Wastes as Effective Natural Wastewater Treatment Technology for USTP-CDO Campus Sump Pit Richdalwen P. Fabre Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-3363-8014

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Water pollution is one of the emerging environmental problems that the world is facing today. There are several treatment processes for wastewater, but one of the promising ideas is utilizing organic wastes as natural wastewater treatment. This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of organic wastes as treatment for wastewater from the USTP-CDO Campus sump pit. As a baseline data, the water quality of the sump pit and drainages were evaluated. The powder, extracts, and residue from banana peels, mango kernels, and durian husks were utilized and investigated their effects as treatment on different physical and microbiological parameters. The parameters conducted for the evaluation and treatment are conductivity, oil and grease, pH, salinity, temperature, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids, turbidity, and total coliform in accordance with the DAO No. 82016. Results showed that the wastewater from the sump pit was higher than the standard with the following parameters; oil and grease, salinity, TSS, TDS, turbidity, and total coliform. Knowing this problem, the treatment using coagulants prepared and extracted from organic wastes were applied. The results of the treatment showed that powder of banana peels reduced the oil and grease and 95.9% turbidity of the wastewater. Contrarily, the powder of mango kernels reduced the TSS and the total coliform of the wastewater but with the addition of visible color. Lastly, the durian husks showed no effects on most of the parameters conducted. Overall performance of the powder of banana peels showed satisfactory results for treating the wastewater of USTPCDO Campus. Keywords: Environmental Chemistry, wastewater, wastewater treatment, wastewater management, organic waste

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Oral Presentation A Study on Stabilization of Road Subbase Materials with Lime Sludge and Fly Ash Vera Karla S. Caingles Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-9778-5574

Campus Affiliation: USTP CDO Cement is an effective and most common stabilizer used to improve the strength property of subbase coarse material however, its production brings adverse environmental impact due to associated emission of carbon dioxide. Hence, this study was performed to evaluate the potential application of the industrial byproducts such as lime sludge (LS) and fly ash (FA) as stabilizer for road subbase coarse materials. The laboratory tests performed for the untreated and treated samples include sieve analysis, Atterberg limits, compaction, and California Bearing Ratio (CBR). Five different ratios of treated samples were prepared with a constant amount of 1% cement, 10% LS, and varying percentages of FA (in weight: 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%). Results showed that the treated sample with 50% FA obtained the highest CBR value. More so, it was found that as the percentage of these byproducts increases, the CBR values also tend to increase. Therefore, it was concluded that cement-LS-FA admixture is a potential option for stabilization of subbase coarse material. Moreover, further study by increasing the percentage addition of FA to the sample is highly recommended. Keywords – cement, lime sludge, fly ash, subbase, stabilization

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Oral Presentation Analysis for mitigating Carbon Dioxide Emissions from Coal-Fired Power Plants in Mindanao Rosalie Vertudes1, Reuel C. Pallugna2 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-9285-557X

Campus Affiliation: USTP CDO Coal is widely used in electricity generation and it is also classified as a non-renewable energy source because it takes years to develop. In the Mindanao area, coal-fired power plants are the major contributor to electricity and the Department of Energy (DOE) projected that there would be indicative projects lined up in different parts of Mindanao with a total capacity of 2,538 MW. The global temperature increase is mainly contributed by coal and 30% of carbon dioxide emissions come from coal-fired power plants. The Philippines committed to reducing 75% of carbon emissions by 2040. In this study, the researcher will evaluate the quantity of carbon dioxide emissions from coal-fired power plants in Mindanao. Identifying the carbon dioxide emission will help mitigate the emission output of the power plants, hence the researcher calculated the carbon emission of coal-fired power plants, and identified the potential additional Renewable Energy sources to mitigate carbon dioxide emission. By 2030, 73.5% Carbon Emission Mitigation nearly hits the Philippine commitment of 75%. Moreover, this study can be improved by conducting optimization of Renewable Energy Sources and including the different carbon emissions from the coal-fired power plants in Mindanao.

Keywords: Coal-fired Power Plant, Carbon Dioxide Emission and Mitigation, Renewable Energy Sources

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Oral Presentation Bioethanol Production from Pineapple (A. Comosus) Fruit Rejects Via Anaerobic Fermentation Process Angel Kaye M. Arazo Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0003-4600-2346

Campus Affiliation: USTP Claveria Pineapple (A. comosus) fruit rejects has been one of the contributors to solid waste management problems, which leads to environmental disorder such as rapid depletion of the world's energy supply and pollution. This study utilized whole pineapple fruit rejects as biomass for bioethanol production via anaerobic fermentation process. In the process, the pineapple fruit rejects were subjected to chopping, blending, squeezing, water bath at 100 ˚C for 4 h, and acid hydrolysis at 50 ˚C for 4 h. The effects of yeast loading and fermentation time were investigated through the central composite design of response surface methodology. The optimum bioethanol yield of 74.93+0.46 was recorded at 2 tsp yeast loading and 68.57 h fermentation time. The produced bioethanol at optimum condition was subjected to parameter testing. The results were 0.789 g/mL density at room temperature, 1.319 cSt kinematic viscosity at 27 ˚C, the higher heating value of 4600 BTU/lb, and 37.6 ˚C flashpoints. The FTIR results of the biomass showed that pineapple fruit rejects juice contained carbonyl and alcohol groups, which indicates its substantial potential for quality bioethanol production.

Keywords: Pineapple, bioethanol, anaerobic fermentation, central composite design, biomass

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Oral Presentation Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Biogas-Lpg Fuel Blends in 4 - Stroke Spark Ignition Engine for Power Generation Applications John Mikel M. Acma Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-9004-4730

Campus Affiliation: USTP Jasaan With the ever-increasing demand for fossil fuel, the need for alternative and sustainable fuels arises such as from biomass which produces biogas. It is a clean fuel produced by decomposing readily available agricultural wastes like rice straw, rice hull, kitchen waste, and animal wastes. The abundance of this agricultural waste makes it suitable for its utilization as an alternative source of energy. Despite the popularity and abundance of this fuel, biogas use in internal combustion engines is not increasing significantly because of the problems related to the biogas utilization such as its low heating value, low flame speed, high content of inert gases, and the presence of hydrogen sulfide. This study deals on fuel combustion properties of biogas which are improved by blending it with other gaseous fuels thereby increasing the thermal efficiency and brake power of the engine. By this, the problems of biogas such as low heating value and low flame speed can be addressed thereby yielding a higher generating efficiency. In this study, different ratios of Biogas-LPG blends were investigated. Blends of LPG were added to a biogas mixture up to 30% with increments of 10% used to power a 4-stroke spark-ignition engine. Parameters used to determine the optimum fuel blends were gathered such as mixing ratio, fuel properties, engine performance, and emission of the engine. A relationship between ratio of LPT mix to Break Thermal Efficiency was formulated as follows Y = -1.1703x + 192.86 with R² = 0.915. Upon the completion of the study, recommendations were suggested as follows: to conduct the study in a laboratory condition with ideal set conditions and the study to be conducted in a longer running time and with an abundant supply of biogas fuel. Keywords: Biogas, LPG, Fuel Blends, 4 Stroke Spark Ignition Engine, Engine Performance, Emission Characteristics.

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Oral Presentation Optimization of Biodiesel Yield from Wastewater Industrial Fats, Oil, and Grease via Two-Step-Transesterification through Response Surface Methodology Sarah Mae S. Utlang Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-7540-3507

Campus Affiliation: USTP Claveria Due to its low cost, Fats, Oil, and Grease (FOG) have received increasing attention for biofuel production. In this study, FOG recovered from the grease interceptor from the food processing industry was studied as a feedstock for biodiesel production. Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) derived from the lead-acid battery was utilized for pre-treatment of the recovered FOG through the standard titration method, resulting in a reduction of acid value from 8.4 mg NaOH/g. Central Composite Design (CCD) through Response Surface Methodology using Design Expert 7.0 software was used to optimize the transesterification process over the KOH catalyst where it was found that 8:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, 0.3 g catalyst loading, and 40-min reaction time was an optimum condition leading to a biodiesel yield of 84.21+1.54%. The chemical characteristics of the recovered FOG were tested in terms of acid value, density, HHV, and kinematic viscosity at 0.65 mg NaOH/g, 0.86 g/cm 3, 41.9 MJ/kg, 1.5-1.9 mm2/s, respectively. The FAME profile shows the presence of palmitic acid, oleic acid, and stearic acid as the major fatty acid components and functional. The group shows a carbonyl group with traces of carboxylic at 2910 and 2840 cm -1 signifying that the derived product is biodiesel. The study concludes that biodiesel from FOG indicates excellent characteristics of good quality biodiesel. It is recommended to enhance the process of extracting lead acid battery solution, and investigate the further process of two-step transesterification. Keywords – Fat, oil, and grease for biodiesel production, lead-acid battery, pre-treatment, transesterification process, central composite design

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRATRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Oral Presentation Coal Fly Ash as an Admixture in LoadBearing Concrete Hollow Blocks with crushed Mangima Stone as Aggregates Jonathan B. Calibara1, Deanniel Faith S. Hipulan2, Kimberly F. Calixtro3, Jemar M. Janoplo4, Angel Mikee T. Sorongon5, Jain T. Zacarin6 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-5406-282X

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Coal fly ash is the residue that remains after coal is burned. This study investigated the potentiality of using crushed Mangima stone as aggregates in a Concrete Hollow Block (CHB) production with coal fly ash as admixture. An experimental research design is used in the study. The researcher studied the influence of coal fly ash admixture at different percentages i.e., 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% by cement weight on the compressive strength of load-bearing CHBs using crushed Mangima stone as aggregates. A concrete mixture of 1:1.5:3 is used with a w/c ratio of 0.5. Samples were tested for compressive strength at curing ages of 7, 14, and 28 days. The results revealed that the average compressive strength of loadbearing CHB with 5% admixture (DM-A) surpasses the control mix with 1356 psi at 28 days., However, the 15% admixture (DM-C) addition of more coal fly ash reduced its strength to 1020 psi. The researchers observed that Coal fly ash and crushed Mangima stone aggregate reduces the water demand for a concrete mix. It was concluded that the suitable percentage of coal fly ash admixture in load-bearing concrete hollow blocks using crushed Mangima stone as aggregates is 5% by cement weight. The researchers recommendthe use of other type of stones as CHB aggregate with coal fly ash as admixture. Keywords: Engineering, Mangima stone, Load-bearing concrete hollow blocks, Admixtures, Coal fly ash, Compressive strength

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRATRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Oral Presentation Designed Pyrolysis System for Plastic waste conversion to Biofuel: An assessment and Evaluation to System’s Operation Performance Marvin V. Rosales1, Greg M. Cubio2, Jonathan P. Perez3, Dianne Mae M. Asiñero4 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-5230-5266

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO One way to convert waste into fuel is through Pyrolysis. To produce a high-quality pyrolysis oil is to have an efficient system, in this study the Objective is to assess and evaluate the performance and thermal efficiency of the designed pyrolysis system using Energy and Exergy analysis. The System is Equipped with a Thermal Reactor, Catalytic bed, cyclone, and Condenser. The parts that were evaluated in this study were the Reactor and Condenser. In simulation and actual experimentation, it indicates that the reactor temperature increases as the furnace temperature increases. Furthermore, the increase of thermal efficiency at a point where the reactor temperature increases up to its optimum temperature shows the effectiveness of the reactor's operation. Lastly, the maximum and minimum thermal efficiencies of the reactor are 78.5% and 32.8%, respectively. Meanwhile, in the condenser, the mean temperature difference in the actual experiment ranges from 7.11 to 25.19, while the overall heat transfer coefficient ranges from 2088.69W/m2℃ to 1771.88W/m2℃; as the LMTD increases, the overall heat transfer coefficient also increases. The condenser efficiency in the experiment efficiency ranges from 6.06% to 12.13%. The exergy efficiency of the reactor is found to be at around 15% while the condenser is found to be at 0.5%. The highest exergy loss is found to be at the pyrolysis reactor at around 88% of the total exergy loss in the system resulting in lower exergy remaining in the rest of the system. Further investigation shows considerable potential pyrolysis process by reducing the inefficiencies of the pyrolysis reactor and condenser. Keywords: Energy Analysis, Exergy Analysis, Exergy Loss, Temperature Difference, Pyrolysis, Syngas

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRATRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Oral Presentation Experimental Investigation on the Integrated Biogas Purification Systems for Removal of H2s, Co2 and Moisture for Power Generation Applications Brian D. Genon Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0003-5090-1048

Campus Affiliation: USTP Jasaan Biogas is a renewable source of fuel which can be used to produce energy or electricity. The production of biogas starts in an anaerobic fermentation of organic materials such swine manure. Organic material will be put into an anaerobic digester and it will stay there until the fermentation happens. When raw biogas is produced, it cannot be use as a fuel directly due to its impurities such as H2S, CO2, Moisture and other traces of gases. Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S), a major impurity that can cause corrosion in the pipe system or to the engine itself and not only that it can also be harmful to human health. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) is the biggest impurity of biogas, utilizing biogas that contains large amount of CO2 can lead to incomplete combustion and can cause harmful emission. The presence of moisture (H2O) in biogas may cause problem in engine startup and corrosion to engine parts. This study investigated the effectiveness of iron sponge or filings, water and silica gel in eliminating the impurities from biogas using the physical absorption or adsorption process where adsorbate molecule or impurity will attach into an adsorbent media. A three-stage removal system for H2S and moisture was installed using Polyvinylchloride (PVC) packed with adsorbent; and a water scrubber is placed in between for the removal of CO2. Raw biogas mixture passed through the H2S-CO2Moisture removal system continuously. Significant findings showed the removal of 90-94% of H2S, water scrubber and silica gel are capable of reducing CO2 below 5%-6% and H2O concentration was reduced to 0.7% for treating biogas with 80 g of silica gel. The elimination capacities recorded were between 0.1 - 0.2 Standard Liters per minute (SLPM). Temperature in the system varied from 27- 29 C with a relative humidity of 50-75%. The study concludes the good performance and efficiency of the purification system to eliminate certain impurities in biogas throughout the testing phase

Keywords: Biogas, Hydrogen Sulfide, Iron Filing, Water Scrubber, Moisture removal

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRATRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Oral Presentation Horizontal Propeller Hydrokinetic Turbine using Eppler 420Airfoil Shape for Local Water Stream Application Ma. Leona Maye B. Pepito1, Leonel L. Pabilona2 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-6025-2926

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Hydrokinetic turbines or free-flow water turbines are considered one of the best known renewable energy sources among the other renewable sources like solar and wind energy due to the availability of flowing water in rivers or canals. Hydrokinetic turbines contribute to the conservation of the environment since the performance is not limited to the water head, it does not require dams. This study is about the design, simulation, development, and actual experimentation of a horizontal axis propeller hydrokinetic turbine using the Eppler 420 airfoil shape for local water stream applications. Profiling of the proposed site was conducted and obtained an average stream velocity of 1 m/s. To increase the efficiency of the propeller hydrokinetic turbine, a diffuser-augmented housing was designed to focus the flow and increase the inlet velocity. The evaluation based on SolidWorks showed that the designed 3-blade Propeller turbine increased the shaft power from 56 Watts for the bare turbine to 70 Watts for the diffuser augmented turbine. Based on actual site experimentation, the Eppler 420 propeller turbine obtained a maximum shaft power of 65 Watts at 1.3m/s stream velocity, with a power coefficient, of Cp of 0.3. This design is expected to contribute to the design, modification, and performance analysis of turbines and other hydropower component development throughout the country. Keywords: hydrokinetic turbine, Eppler 420, diffuser-augmented

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRATRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Oral Presentation Performance Assessment of a Designed Solar Concentrated Thermal Processor for Drying Purposes Using Energy and Exergy Analyses Marvin V. Rosales1, Antonio-Abdu Sami M. Magomnang2, Jude Andrea Eve P. Maternal3, and Jonathan P. Perez4, Reyvencer T. Reyes5 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-5230-5266

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Energy and Exergy analysis studies the performance and addresses the problems of an existing system operating. It contributes to the optimization of the best process or design that leads to efficient performance. In this work, a presentation of the thermodynamic analysis using energy and exergy concepts in a designed solar thermal processing unit was conducted. During the experiment, the solar irradiance ranges from 151.7- 634.1 W/m2, and accumulated temperature in the chamber up to 51.1 – 173.7 C. In the chamber, the mean energy supplied for product loads between 6mm and 10mm thickness were 2.33 kW and 2.06 kW respectively. The Energy Utilization Ratio (EUR) has a mean of 0.45 for 6 mm and 0.35 for 10 mm thickness. The mean exergy inflow, outflow and loss for 6mm and 10mm were 0.89 kW, 0.43 kW, 0.46 kW, respectively. Moreover, the mean efficiency of the said thermal processor is 46.55%. The mean Improvement Potential (IP) for the whole experiment was 0.26 kW. The mean values for Waste Exergy Ratio (WER) for both thicknesses 6mm and 10mm were 0.53 and 0.54 respectively. Lastly, the mean Sustainability Index (SI) values for 6mm and 10mm thickness were 1.95 and 1.89 respectively. Keywords: moisture content, energy analysis, exergy analysis, Exergy loss, Exergy sustainability indicators.

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Oral Presentation Performance Evaluation of Waste Heat Harvesting System from Combustion of Agricultural Biomass Waste Using Thermoelectric Power Generators Adonis A. Closas1, Marvin V. Rosales2, Dennis E. Ganas3 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0003-3992-3411

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Heat is a form of energy which can be transferred from one body to another due to temperature difference. Waste heat is the unused heat produced from a system. In this study, the researcher evaluates the performance of the waste heat (obtained from the stove wall) produced from the combustion of coconut shells with varying weights: 0.5 kg, 1 kg, and 1.5 kg. Each variation will have 3 trials. In the setup, three thermoelectric generators will be placed on each side of the furnace: one TEG is applied with thermal pad, one with thermal paste and the other will not be applied with any kind of thermal interface material. With this, the researcher determines the waste heat produced (in watts), power generated (in watts) in the system, and the efficiency. It is found that among the three varying weights of the coconut shells, 1.5 kg of the biomass gives the maximum amount of waste heat and power output with a values of 617.27 watts per side and 0.9828 watts, respectively. Moreover, the TEG with the application of thermal pad gives the highest efficiency with a value of 6.27%.The results gathered from the experiment shows that the higher the amount of the biomass, the higher the value of any required parameter. Moreover, among the three conditions (applied with thermal paste and thermal pad) for the thermoelectric generators, TEGs with the application of thermal paste gives the maximum experimental and parameter output. Keywords: waste heat, thermoelectric generators, coconut shells, thermal interface material, power, efficiency

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Poster Presentation

Efficiency of Modified Corn Stalk as an Adsorbent for Cephalexin Removal in Aqueous Solution Shaina Mae C. Rosil Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0003-0492-7754

Campus Affiliation: USTP Claveria Water contamination has been a pressing concern in the environment due to Endocrine Disruptors (EDs) such as pharmaceuticals present in the wastewater. One of the most common EDs is Cephalexin (CLX), a type of antibiotic. This study used a Modified Corn stalk (MCS) activated carbon for CLX removal from an aqueous solution. The MCS activated carbon was tested using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for its physical properties and Fourier Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) for its chemical properties. The SEM result showed that MCS activated carbon displayed micropores and mesopores, implying a large amount of CLX sorbate trapped on the adsorbent surface. The FTIR peaks of MCS activated carbon showed the presence of functional bands such as C–O, C–N, C–H, and N–H, which contributed to the efficient removal of CLX in an aqueous solution. The optimum removal efficiency for CLX removal was 92.70±0.32%, with an adsorption capacity of 25.75 mg/g at optimal conditions of initial concentration at 600 ppm, adsorbent dose at 1.08 g, and contact time of 45 min and 58 sec. The Freundlich isotherm model described that the adsorption process occurred at a non-uniform pace in multilayers having 𝑅2 of 98.95%. The adsorption rate of CLX removal by MCS activated carbon was described by pseudo- second-order, indicates that adsorption rate depends on the availability of adsorbent sites and the contact time having 𝑅2 of 95.15%. Furthermore, result showed that MCS activated carbon is a suitable material for extracting CLX from contaminated water. Keywords: Environmental Engineering, wastewater treatment, cephalexin removal, cornstalk activated carbon, response surface methodology

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Poster Presentation DASIG FERRY: A 35-meter Ferry for Brahmaputra River Marion Rowie Salvador¹, Ronamie Peritos², Nelio Peroso Jr.³, Maricar Lacerna⁴ Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-0296-751X

Campus Affiliation: USTP Jasaan DASIG FERRY is an aluminum monohulled RORO ferry designed to be maintained in the murky rivers of Brahmaputra. She has an overall length of 35.20 m. The ship is designed to obstruct any water having a speed of 15 knots that could carry 150 passengers. The final draft considered not just current economic factors but also those expected to emerge during the ship's lifetime. The comfort and safety of the passengers are ensured by adhering to MARINA and IMO requirements on both lifesaving and firefighting plans and ship structure. There is a large accommodation deck and various lifesaving devices to ensure the welfare of the passengers. The monohulled RORO - Ferry ship design is geared to a safe and environmental-friendly vessel. Productivity, stability, and environmental conservation are the factors from which the vessel design is anchored. DASIG FERRY ship system design is environmentally friendly, following the ship's regulations and guidelines IMO standards. Specially designed features are also included to minimize ship destruction and marine environment degradation. In addition, Ship Particulars are meticulously picked to look upon the river's high sediment charge, steep slope, and transverse gradient facilitating a low wake -vessel. DASIG FERRY is made of aluminum with a longer life expectancy, better manoeuvrability, and minimized hull maintenance considering Brahmaputra's characteristics and chemical composition. Keywords – Aluminum mono hull, Roro ferry, 15 knots, low wake –vessel.

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Poster Presentation Design and Development of Shredder Machine for General Waste (Plastic, Paper, and Leaves) Rosito Cirilo M. Bagayna Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-5748-1445

Campus Affiliation: USTP Jasaan

The paper is about the design of a Shredder Machine, which would help to crush used plastic, paper, and leaves, assisting in waste management and disposal.This project aims to design a shredder that could be installed at the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines Jasaan Campus and would aid the crushing of plastic, paper, and leaves. This project involves the process of designing the crusher considering the forces required for crushing and the ergonomic factor that an operator needs. The design of this machine is such that it would require optimum load to crush and will thus not strain the user or operator. After the completion of the design process, it could be manufactured and transformed into a recycle aid-able machine. As a result, the crusher would aid in the recycling of general waste. It would also help to reduce the volume of waste generated, resulting in more effective waste management. Therefore, this project will prove to be a useful asset in many ways.

Keywords – Shredder, General waste, Variable Frequency Drive (VFD)

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRATRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Poster Presentation Development of Portable Biowaste Digester to Produce Methane as an Alternative Fuel for Domestic Use Ella Mae N. Lacsento1, Mary Joy B. Ellis2, Rodel B. Leonen3 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-6467-902X

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO The main problem with Cogon Public Market in Cagayan de Oro is its highly inefficient commercialsolid waste management. This study aimed to innovate technology such as a portable biowaste digester to reduce the waste produced and determined the parameters affecting the biogas production in terms of the feedstock through proximate analysis composition (moisture content, volatile solids, ash content, and fixed carbon), and the concentration of the biogas parameters (methane, pH, and temperature). This study employed a combination of experimental anddescriptive research methods in developing a prototype design and gathering data. As a result, the moisture content (81.70%) of the substrate was higher than that of volatile solids (7.52%), which indicated a low number of convertible solids into gas and a lower amount of methane produced in the digester. In contrast, it obtained the highest methane gas at 57.8% and obtainedthe lowest concentration of methane gas at 29% per 60ml syringe. The researchers discovered that parameters such as pH and temperature influenced methane gas output over a certain retention time. It was also found that employing vegetable waste and cow manure as a substratefor biogas has a positive influence on the process. Keywords: Biogas, Biowaste digester, Feedstock, Proximate Analysis

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STREAM: INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRATRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION Poster Presentation Utilization of Crushed Mangima Stone as Coarse Aggregate in a Road Mix Base Course Stabilized with Coal Fly Ash as Partial Replacement of Cement Jonathan B. Calibara1, Aubrey D. Chan2, Hannahsar T. Doroin3, Angely Mae O. Guintao4, Rose Daisy Jane T. Lemu5, Vincent Bryan V. Monterola6, Kennith Jay L. Yañez7 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-5406-282X

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO High-quality aggregates, such as crushed slag, crushed stone, gravel, and sand, are frequently used in base courses. Mangima stone is very popular in the building sector and is used as decorative tiles, roofing shingles, or wall finishing with varying natural colours. However, when cut into tiles, wastes were produced and rejected and Phyllite schist has a weak mechanical property. Coal fly ash (CFA) is an excellent stabilizer and is used in various pavement applications. The researchers utilized the waste Mangima stone as coarse aggregate in a road mix base course with varying quantities of CFA (10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% by mass of soil) as a stabilizer. The mechanical properties were tested using the Modified Proctor Compaction test and California Bearing Ratio (CBR). The result showed that the addition of to 50% coal fly ash improved the CBR value of the base course material. However, 40% and 50% addition of CFA slightly decreases the MDD and CBR value of the design mixture. Among the design mixtures, Design Mix C with 30% CFA has attained the highest value of MDD and CBR value. The researchers suggest to use a larger size of crushed Mangima aggregate in doing sieve analysis to get the desired volume of Mangima needed. Instead of manual crashing, future researchers can use a crasher to maximize the Mangima supply. Keywords: Engineering, Mangima stone, Base course, Admixtures, Modified Proctor Compaction Test

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STREAM: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Oral Presentation A Web-based Document Management System for USTP Extension Office Paul Joseph M. Estrera Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-8132-0185

Campus Affiliation: USTP CDO

The extension and community relations unit of the university serves as the link between the academe and the communities. It is the unit that ensures that quality extension programs and projects are delivered in a timely manner to community stakeholders who are the underserved and underprivileged. As the pandemic had shifted most operations and processes online, the study aims to design and develop an online management system to cater to project proposal submission, approval, report generation and document storage. The online management system is expected to streamline transactions while reducing unnecessary exposure to COVID and cater to the need to keep important extension related documents accessible and convenient. The design elements include ease of use, accessibility, and ability to produce downloadable and printable documents for ease of submission to external agencies among others.

Keywords: File Management, Report Generation, Document Archiving, online transactions

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STREAM: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Oral Presentation Health Information Management System (HIMS) Alex L. Maureal Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-8779-5285

Campus Affiliation: USTP CDO The traditional healthcare information is kept on paper. The records are stocked on shelves and take time to browse once needed. This project aims to build an online platform for maintaining records of the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines (USTP) where the population is thousands. A system where an individual can make an appointment with a medical professional and can perform checkups virtually. The Healthcare Information Management System (HIMS) developed by DTO comprises two modules: student/employee and nurse/doctor. React.JS programming language is used at the frontend for interactions with users and PHP/MySQL for backend development. A student/employee can book a teleconsultation using the HIMS web App and it will be then confirmed by an attending nurse to be scheduled with a competent physician. After consultation, a medical certificate or e-prescription from the doctor is uploaded to the system that is downloadable by the patient for medication. Results revealed that as of September 2022, about 12,894 set appointments from students and employees in a physical and virtual consultation setting, obtaining 16,490 registered accounts. Hence, telecommunication technology assures expert medical solutions and direct connectivity to doctors. Moreover, HIMS can be improved and more accessible to all at any time if a mobile application is developed suitable for android and apple users.

Keywords: Teleconsultation, Healthcare, E-Prescription, Registration Process

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STREAM: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Oral Presentation Electronic Data Governance and Evaluation System (EDGE) Alex L. Maureal Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-8779-5285

Campus Affiliation: USTP CDO The Electronic Data Governance and Evaluation System (EDGE) is a project initiated and funded by the National Telecommunications Commission (NTC) and designed and developed by the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines. It is a multiplatform system application designed to bring NTC services closer to the people by utilizing existing ICT infrastructures such as mobilebased telecommunications and VoIP technologies as a medium for communications between and among NTC’s identified stakeholders and clients. This project is focused on analyzing how to improve the day-to-day business processes of the National Telecommunications Commission (NTC) from a regional office perspective. To provide the most pragmatic solution, we mapped out the main processes and sub-processes of the regional office with their external client through a series of interviews, roundtable discussions, evaluation of their Citizen’s Charter, and review of their existing forms and manuals. Our study results showed that these various processes can be streamlined and harmonized into only five (5) categories: Permits, Certifications, Validations, and Requests/Complaints. Furthermore, our study also shows that the most practical technology solution in this project is to use a Microservices Architecture that encompasses all stakeholders of the NTC ecosystem from external clients to NTC evaluators and cashiers among others. To ensure the successful adoption of this initiative, NTC needs to develop a sustained plan of action in educating its employees through change management activities and to continue educating the public about the NTC-EDGE project.

Keywords: ICT Infrastructures, Mobile based telecommunications, VoIP technologies, Microservices Architecture

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STREAM: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Oral Presentation Universal Standards for Test and Testing of the University of Science and Technology Admission Test (USTAT2) Alex L. Maureal Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-8779-5285

Campus Affiliation: USTP CDO Through the enormous digitalization in these modern days, manual processes need to be revolutionized. In the terms of conducting standard tests cascading with RA 10931, the presupposes that there must be an appropriate and credible evaluation of the aptitude of the University's entrants. University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines (USTP) developed the University of Science and Technology Admission Test (USTAT), a web-based admission test that shall be used in order to ascertain the kind of training and education students will receive. USTAT is a standardized college admission test that is bias-free and ready for global admission, establishing an online proctoring system using artificial intelligence (AI) software to prevent cheating online. Servers were allocated to cater to thousands of entrance examinees to go through simultaneous online admission application and online admission test using a secured online platform that can be accessible at any time of the day (24/7). Test Development Experts aid to review, validate, and develop USTAT to meet the KR-20 test reliability rate for cognitive assessment. Moreover, the standardization of tests is continuous because there are questions that are no longer applied in recent days.

Keywords: RA 10931, Artificial Intelligence, KR-20

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STREAM: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Oral Presentation Fraud Detection Using Isolation Forest for RFID-Based Attendance Monitoring System Mark Lister V. Nalupa Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-3201-2431

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Monitoring students’ attendance using RFID technology on a regular basis is of utmost importance in the education sector. However, the use of RFID-based attendance has been heavily criticized for its vulnerability to counterfeit attendance. Anyone holding the RFID tag can mark an attendance to the system. This study aims to design and develop fraud detection on attendance. The system implementation resulted in an RFID-based attendance monitoring system capable of detecting suspicious entrances. The isolation forest, an unsupervised machine learning algorithm, was used to identify anomalies within the attendance dataset. The result shows that the machine learning model attained an accuracy score of 95.69%, a precision score of 96.33%, and a recall score of 95.81%. The study concludes that detecting suspicious entrances using an isolation forest is possible. It is recommended to be integrated with all existing RFID-based attendance monitoring systems to minimize fraud or counterfeit attendance. Keywords: fraud detection, RFID-based attendance, isolation forest

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STREAM: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Oral Presentation Adding the Multiperspective Users to the UTAUT2 Model using a Viewpoint Oriented System Engineering (VOSE) Approach: A Proposal to a Moderating Variable Richelle E. Gerong1, Angel E. Jumawan2 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-9766-5767

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) suggests that behavior determines technology use. Perceived likelihood of adopting technology depends on four key constructs: performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions. The effect of predictors is moderated by age, gender, experience and voluntariness of use. While the original UTAUT model explained a lot of variance in behavioral intention and usage behavior, it theorized some relationships that may not be applicable to all contexts, omitted some potentially important relationships, and excluded some constructs that may be crucial for explaining Information System or Information Technology acceptance and use. Based on the extensive review of previous studies utilizing UTAUT, it was found that the most studies used only a subset of the model, and moderators were typically omitted. Using the Viewpoint Oriented System Engineering (VOSE) approach, the multiperspective users are added to the model to explain the adoption and usage behaviors of the individuals. The proposed moderating variable is subject to the Sequential Equation Model (SEM) to validate the claim. Keywords: UTAUT, Multiperspective Users, Viewpoint Oriented System Engineering, Moderating Variables

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STREAM: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Oral Presentation Computer Vision (CV) Based Deep Learning Approach for Nowcasting DNI Range Classification of Solar Image

Franch Maverick A. Lorilla Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-6424-4600

Campus Affiliation: USTP CDO One way to improve the efficiency of concentrated solar power plants is nowcasting of Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI) to apply advanced control strategies. Using sophisticated and expensive instruments such as pyrheliometers and computation-heavy algorithms limits its reach for developing solar energy in other areas. Previous works used sky imagers with image processing and spatial analysis with computer vision based on deep learning approaches for faster DNI estimates to counter cost and complexity. However, it requires more computing power to be available in smaller packages; thus, suggestions for running a modular computer vision application based on retrained ANN models can contribute to effective nowcasting. Here, proponents used the CV-based Deep Learning Approach for DNI range classification or estimates using a modified total sky imager with a larger field-of-view (FOV). The study used Confusion Performance Metrics to evaluate the re-trained DNN for DNI classification. DNI classification using RESNET-50 ANN in all trained, validation, and test data showed above 85% accuracy in all five (5) cases.

Keywords: DNI, Computer Vision, Deep Learning, Artificial Neural Network, Machine Learning, Solar Resource. Assessment

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STREAM: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Poster Presentation Design and Development of Real-Time Driver-Drowsiness Detection Device Mark Lister V. Nalupa Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-3201-2431

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO One of the crucial situations in recent years in road accidents has been driver drowsiness, which has resulted in a considerable increase in accidents worldwide. This study aims to design and develop a device to detect drowsy truck drivers with a voice alarm warning system. The real-time driver drowsiness detection system was developed using the eye blink concept through the Eye Aspect Ratio (EAR) and Euclidean eye distance using the face landmark algorithm. The results obtained in this study has shown the ability of real-time driver-drowsiness detection device accurately. It is observed that the face condition with no glasses demonstrates significantly higher accuracy than the face condition wearing glasses. The study concludes that real-time camera capture is effective for detecting drowsiness. The proponent suggests that the system can be integrated into the dashboards of the next generation of automobiles to support advanced driverassistance programs. Keywords: drowsiness detection, eye aspect ratio, Euclidean distance

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STREAM: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Oral Presentation USCRIPT: A messaging System Utilizing Application Program Interface (API) to send tagging notifications to e-Clearance users Angel E. Jumawan1, Richelle E. Gerong2 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-5459-6693

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO When students' school obligations are kept up to date, the university's clearance system is also kept up to date. Despite the fact that the electronic clearance system is accessible online, not all students have equal access to the internet. The majority of people use offline communication through the use of the Short Message Service (SMS) for information and notifications. This paper aimed that by integrating USCRIPT to the web-based e-Clearance System, it would be able to reduce the average number of days required to be cleared from a liability. When a student is tagged by a department, unit head office, the Application Program Interface (API) automatically sends a text message to the student's phone The students, in turn, are prompted to check their accounts to know more details about it. Since the deployment of USCRIPT in June, the regular average time required for a liability to be removed from a student's account has significantly decreased from 88% to 23%. Finally, the automation of USCRIPT to send precomposed messages every Monday of the new week yielded to higher compliance to the e-Clearance System. Apparently, it avoided the influx of users accessing the system close to the enrolment period. However, there is further improvement that can be added to the SMS notification such as the duration of time required for an item in the list of liabilities to be cleared completely. Keywords: ICT, e-Clearance System, completion duration, API, integration

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STREAM: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Poster Presentation Estimating Pig Weight Using Machine Vision Miriam M. Bergado Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0003-0847-7236

Campus Affiliation: USTP SYSTEM Weight changes in pig production provide a direct means of assessing pig health and growth status. Traditional weighing requires close contact with the pigs, which is ineffective and dangerous. It is crucial to create a non-contact method for calculating pig weight. This study design and develop an innovative pig weight estimation technique that estimates pig weights using machine vision and image processing remotely using a developed desktop application. An application of the YOLO version 5 algorithm was used to properly detect the text for pigs' ID numbers and pig detection. The pig's weight was estimated using linear regression analysis, focusing on the relationship between the calculated contour area and the pig's true weight value. The pig detection model detects pigs with a 92.5% precision accuracy. At the same time, the proposed text detection has a 90.8% accuracy in detecting the pig's ID number. The weight estimation results of each pig vary depending on its location, illuminance, the orientation of its body, and the object that touches it. The system's effectiveness was determined using the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) metric, which calculated the error in kilograms per pig. The algorithm was thus able to calculate the weight of seven pigs with errors varying from 0.1 kg to 1.9 kg. It is recommended to try another boundary detection algorithm that helps detect touching and overlapping pigs in an image and consider in training a model the gender and the stages of the pig such as birth, weaning, nursery, grower, and finisher stages.

Keywords: Livestock Farming, Pig Weight Estimation, Pig detection, YOLO, Linear Regression

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STREAM: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Poster Presentation IOT Food Crop Vending and Retailing System Jasson Roy C. Olmo Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-7743-0146

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO March of 2020, Cagay-anons were stuck in their respective homes due to the community quarantine imposed by the government due to the threat of Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Online transactions were fast approaching, and food establishments were no excuse, for this as it limits all physical interactions to avoid spreading the virus. This study introduces an IoT food crop vending and retailing system with an inventory management app to control and manage the automated vending machine an alternative method in selling the product during the pandemic. The device was composed of main components, L298N motor driver module, multi coin selector, OLED module, and ultrasonic sensor was used for detecting a product when refilling the vending machine. A mobile application was integrated to the vending machine for the inventory of product using CRUD method. The final testing of sample product was successfully dispensing from the vending machine and automatically showed the inventory results in the mobile application.

Keyword: Vending machine, IOT, inventory management, CRUD method, mobile application

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STREAM: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Poster Presentation

An Android-Based Mobile Application for Conducting Tests Using Facial Recognition for Identity Verification Jc Vanny Mill Saledaien Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-1768-4942

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Various online platforms were used by instructors to provide learning modules to their students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the needs of educators and students can be met by these online platforms in terms of the delivery of their learning materials and tests, these platforms do not provide educators with a tool to verify actual test takers of their tests. Additionally, these platforms often only permit students to take the tests when internet connection is available. Taking these issues into account, an Android-Based Mobile Application for Conducting Assessment Tests Using Facial Recognition for Identity Verification was developed. This application allows students to download tests so that they can take these tests anytime and anywhere, even without internet access. Also, while taking tests, the application verifies the identity of the test taker by randomly capturing face images throughout the duration of the test. The images that were taken during the test will then be compared to the images stored in the application for identity verification. Results of this comparison is then reported back to the instructor for appropriate action. Additionally, the application stops the ongoing test if it detects students switching or opening any other applications while students are taking the test. A usability test was conducted and 79% of the respondents were satisfied with the application. Moreover, the application can be improved by adding push notifications to notify students when instructors give them a new test and by adding a calendar of deadlines to remind students of their test schedules. Keywords: Information Technology, Facial Recognition, Identity Verification, Online Tests, Offline Tests

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STREAM: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY Poster Presentation Neural Network-Based Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Disease Detection Allaiza Mae R. Miñoza Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-8204-3914

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Cassava is one of the Philippines' most widely grown crops, and Cassava Witches Broom Disease (CWBD) is a major concern in the yearly production of cassava crops. It leads to a heavy harvest loss when it is infected with the disease and also due to the late detection mechanism. This study aimed to design and develop a mobile application for detecting and reporting cassava crop disease, specifically the cassava witch broom disease. The developed Convolutional Neural Network machine learning model was built in TensorFlow with Keras and TFlite to deploy the model to the Android mobile application. The datasets used in developing the machine learning model have been collected solely for this study. Results indicate that the presented model has an accuracy of 86.37 % and a validation accuracy of 86.92 %. To increase the model's accuracy, the researchers recommend collecting more images for training datasets and modifying the hyperparameters applied. Keywords: cassava witches broom disease, early detection, Convolutional Neural Network, machine learning model, Tensorflow

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STREAM: HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Oral Presentation Agricultural Extension Communication Strategies in the New Normal: USTP PANDEMIC Farm Agriculture Innovation Systems Laya Lou C. Montecalvo Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-5346-8983

Campus Affiliation: USTP Claveria Pandemic-induced lockdowns have profoundly impacted the vulnerable sector, exacerbated by a lack of access to reliable and timely information disseminated by various extension service providers. Thus, utilizing extension communication strategies through modern media must be done. This study measures the respondents' perception of modern media channels among the different sectors of the community. A semi-structured questionnaire was administered following the key indicators: topic, importance, duration, knowledge learned, technology relevance, speaker, and venue. The study showed a very high satisfaction rating with the technology presented during the video showcase activity. Among all indicators rated, appropriateness of packaged technology (4.32) and venue (4.32) showed the highest mean, while the length of communication media (4.18) had the lowest mean. Moreover, the findings suggest that most of the comments are about the extensionist dynamics (61%) facilitating the video showcase. This implies that modern media channels are still an impactful tool for introducing new ideas to individuals in the community. However, video presentation is one-way communication; thus, extension services play an essential role in responding to the audiences' queries and requests.

Keywords: Humanities and Social Sciences, Modern Media Channel, PANDEMIC Farm Innovation, Communication Strategy, Descriptive Correlation Analysis

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STREAM: HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Oral Presentation Factors Affecting Students’ E-Learning Activities Using Exploratory Factor Analysis Kennet G. Cuarteros Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-2831-3506

Campus Affiliation: USTP CDO With the advent of technology, learning becomes more accessible. With the pandemic brought about by Covid 19, the educational system in the Philippines shifted from traditional face-to- face to online learning. Not being prepared for the sudden shift, many students are being affected. In this study, significant factors affecting students’ e-learning are determined. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used to determine the factors that affect University students’ e-learning. This statistical technique used to reduce data to a smaller set of summary variables and investigate the phenomenon's underlying theoretical structure, and determine the form of the variable-respondent relationship. Data sets were gathered through Google Form with twenty-two (22) observable variables. A subset of the entire data is the factors affecting students' e-learning activities. Based on the results, there are three underlying factors namely (F1) App Used, Course Content and Design, and Faculty/Student’s Capability Factors, (F2) E-learning, Mental Health and Home Environment Problems, (F3) Social/Media Influence and Student’s Mannerism Factors. Different goodness of fit tests was employed to validate the final model. The final model satisfies all the criteria needed for model validation. Hence, the model is accurate and fits with the variables considered in the study. It is recommended to consider intrinsic factors for future studies. Keywords: Exploratory Factor Analysis, e-learning, significant factors, modelling

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STREAM: HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Oral Presentation Factors Influencing User Acceptance of Information Technology Mark Lister V. Nalupa Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-3201-2431

Campus Affiliation: USTP CDO The key to a successful IT system rollout is having a solid understanding of how the target users accept and use technology. This study hypothesized that user acceptance is among the major defining outcomes of user perception and attitude towards IT systems. This was verified in five companies in Misamis Oriental, Philippines. The study used correlational surveys where adapted, and researcher-made survey instruments were the main source of gathering quantitative data. After a scientific reliability test on survey instruments, 103 employees were randomly selected as respondents of the study. Correlations and linear regressions were used to analyze the collected data. Results revealed that user acceptance was greatly influenced by the perception and attitude of users regarding the IT system. It is advised that when deploying IT systems, system developers should give emphasis and carefully consider the aspects that lead to user acceptance.

Keywords: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude, behavioral intention to use

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STREAM: HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Oral Presentation Impact of Implemented Social Development and Management Programs of the Mineral Processing Plants in Misamis Occidental on the Living Conditions of its Host Communities Pelmar M. Acosta Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-9793-7470

Campus Affiliation: USTP Oroquieta In compliance with Section 134 of DENR Administrative Order No. 96-40, mining companies are mandated to aid in the development of the host and neighboring communities where the site is located through the Social Development and Management Program (SDMP). This is to ensure that responsible mining does not only result in the government’s economic growth but also promotes sustainable environmental and social development. In Misamis Occidental, the impacts of the SDMP implemented by the five mineral processing plants located in Villaflor, Oroquieta City, Dioyo, Sapang Dalaga, and Pantaon, Ozamiz City on the health, education, livelihood, infrastructure, human resource development, and socio-cultural sectors were studied. This study used a mixed method design wherein both quantitative and qualitative methods were carried out to gather adequate data and analyze results. The respondents were chosen through purposeful sampling based on the criteria set by the researchers. The researchers administered a survey questionnaire to the respondents and key informants were interviewed to assess their prior knowledge and opinions about the impacts of the SDMP implementation in their respective communities. The data gathered were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2016 and Minitab 17. In the quantitative data which uses a 5-point Likert scale, the researchers used the weighted mean and standard deviation with corresponding verbal and qualitative descriptions. The results of the quantitative data were supported with qualitative data gathered from the key informant interviews to strengthen the results in finding the impact of SDMP on the host community. The study revealed that the implemented SDMPs have an overall moderate impact on the three host communities studied. Based on the results, this study concludes that the information drive was not intensified in all communities, the majority of the community members did not have direct involvement in the planning and implementation of the programs and some of the implemented SMDPs are not sustainable. Thus, there is a need for the companies of mineral-processing plants to re-evaluate and intensify the implemented SDMPs. Keywords: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, attitude,

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STREAM: HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Oral Presentation Teacher’s Workload and Well-Being and their Implication to Learners’ Academic Performance Merlyn G. Gonzales Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-8422-8691

Campus Affiliation: USTP CDO The workloads and well-being of the teachers are important factors to consider when working towards achieving our educational goals. In this study, we investigated the teachers’ workloads and wellbeing and explored their relationships with the academic performance of the students. High school teachers from three divisions in Northern Mindanao, Philippines participated in a survey on the extent of their workloads and their workplace well-being. Majority of the respondents reported moderate to heavy workloads. They also responded positively in all three domains of well-being considered in this study. Comparing the teachers’ responses with the National Achievement Test (NAT) scores of their students reveals no significant relationships. The results suggest that there is no direct link between the teachers’ workloads and well-being and their students’ academic performance. However, the moderate to heavy workloads reported by the respondents reverberate a pressing issue in the educational workforce. Furthermore, based on the responses, among the three domains of well-being, the environmental domain scores the lowest. Thus, for policymakers and school administrators, we recommend considering the work environment and the workloads of the teachers in adopting policies and measures relevant to the teacher working conditions in order to address the issues related to them. Keywords: Teacher’s well-being, workload, teachers’ ancillary assignments, academic performance

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STREAM: HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Oral Presentation Well-Being and Performance of the 21st Century Secondary Education Learners Sol J. Dalonos1, Giovanni Cagurin2 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-5860-7145

Campus Affiliation: USTP CDO Learners’ well-being plays a role in shaping academic outcomes and vital for an educational institution to look into. The study aimed to describe the well-being and assessed the relationship of academic performance of secondary learners in their National Achievement Test in Mathematics, Science, Filipino, Araling Panlipunan and English. Data were collected using descriptive-correlational method to describe and assess the well-being dimensions of the students. The learners’ academic performance and well-being are significantly related in five key areas, however not significantly related in their physical, social, and material well-being. The well-being dimensions of learners in terms of cognitive, psychological, physical, social, and material had no significant extent on their Mathematics, Science, Filipino, English and Araling Panlipunan performance. However, the psychological well-being dimension of the learners had significant extent on their overall academic performance. The study concludes that students should be given proper attention particularly learners with low psychological well-being. It is recommended that school needs to design continuous program to help these learners a sense of control and prevent them from being completely consumed by emotional reactions.

Keyword: Humanities and Social Sciences, well-being and academic assessment, descriptive-correlational method

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STREAM: HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Oral Presentation A Phenomenological Study on the Home Environment Experiences among the Technology Education Students of a State University in Northern Mindanao during the Covid-19 Pandemic that Shaped their Psychosocial Wellbeing Fernando T. Capilitan Jr. Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-6531-026X

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO The novel virus called COVID-19 is an infectious respiratory illness that rapidly spreads worldwide. It was discovered on January 9, 2020, and declared a pandemic on March 11, 2020, by the World Health Organization (WHO). The COVID-19 pandemic is causing not only life interruption, disease, and death but also poses a threat to the psychosocial well-being of the students. Through extensive literature review, the researchers found no studies concerning the psychosocial well-being of the Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education (BTLEd) students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Thus, the main objective of this study is to discover the home environment experiences among eight purposely selected BTLEd students at the University of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines-Cagayan de Oro (USTP-CDO). An online interview with recording was conducted utilizing a validated semistructured interview guide in data collection. This study employs Phenomenology under qualitative research design and conventional content analysis techniques to analyze and interpret the data narratives of the participants. The study's findings revealed that the BTLEd students experienced problematic home staying and frustrating family circumstances during the pandemic crisis. Thus, the researchers concluded that the BTLEd students’ home environment experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic significantly negatively impacted their psychosocial well-being. This paper includes recommendations for future research. Keywords: Phenomenological Study, Home Environment, Bachelor of Technology and Livelihood Education (BTLEd), Psychosocial Well-being, COVID-19 Pandemic

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STREAM: HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Oral Presentation Attribution of the Causes of National Achievement Performance among Primary and Secondary Schools Students in Misamis Oriental, Philippines Joan Grace Q. Duero Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-3774-9395

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO The results of national and international academic assessment for basic education students in SY 2017-2018 revealed that the Philippines is lagging behind other countries. This study aims to determine the factors that are attributed to and explore the factors that shape the National Achievement Test (NAT) performance of primary and secondary school students in the four Department of Education divisions in Misamis Oriental, Philippines. To address this investigation, this study employed explanatory mixed methods research design: the quantitative phase was to describe the performance of basic education learners in the NAT and to compare the NAT performance according to school size classification and division from 318 secondary data; the qualitative phase was to describe the factors that inform the NAT results of the basic education learners from the perspective of 28 purposively selected teachers and school administrators. Results from revealed that the basic education learners of Misamis Oriental performed well in Filipino and least in Mathematics in the NAT during the SY 2017-2018, the school size and division has an effect in the NAT performance of the learners, and that the interaction of school size and division is only significant in Problem Solving for Araling Panlipunan. Finally, the emerging themes in the thematic analysis revealed that poverty, academic unpreparedness, familial and environmental issues, student motivation, insufficient instructional materials and perceived DepEd Policies inform that NAT results. Discussion and recommendations for policy-making and curriculum enhancement are also presented in this study. Keywords: National Achievement Test, Social Sciences, Mixed Methods Design

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STREAM: HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Oral Presentation Competencies of Basic Education Teachers: Basis for Teacher Development Initiatives Maria Angeles Hinosolango1, Grace Pimentel2, Richelle Gerong3 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-8081-587X

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO Making the educators become equipped with the right competencies and standards ensures effective and efficient delivery of instruction amidst the changing educational landscape such as the pandemic. With this, the study determined the professional judgment and results on the level of Professional Standards for Teachers (PPST) and Professional Qualification of Teachers in the Basic Education Curriculum through the Individual Performance Commitment and Review Form (IPCRF) from 2017 – 2019 based on the key result areas (KRAs): KRA 1 – Content Knowledge and Pedagogy, KRA 2 – Learning Environment and Diversity of Learners, KRA 3 – Curriculum and Planning, and KRA 4 – Assessment and Reporting. It considered 16 participating schools from Misamis Oriental. The data were gathered through data mining wherein a duly signed letter of request from the competent authority was provided to request pertinent data collected at the height of the pandemic in 2020. Findings revealed that teachers achieved the outstanding rating in 2019 and very satisfactory in 2017 & 2018. Among the KRAs, 1 and 2 earned the strongest asset while 3 and 4 as the least. Hence, the Department of Education is encouraged to provide mechanisms in the teaching and learning processes to meet curriculum requirements, use appropriate teaching and learning resources, including ICT, to address learning goals, design formative and summative assessments, monitor and evaluate learners’ progress, use the data, and employ technologically enhanced modalities in communicating and providing feedback to parents and concerned stakeholders. These would aid in equipping, embracing, and adapting to the new normal ensuring lifelong learning to the learners. Keywords: Teachers’ evaluation and results and improving competencies and standards of teachers in the basic education

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STREAM: HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Oral Presentation Online Self-Disclosure for Introverted Students Jirby M. Laniton Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-6027-5263

Campus Affiliation: USTP-CDO People are living where technology is life. Technology, indeed, makes life easier and even broader. Broader in the sense that with technology, you can be anywhere you want, you can be whatever you want, and you can be whoever you want. Social media is one of the fastest-growing industries in the technology sector. Social media platforms opened possibilities for people to share or disclose personal information in the online world. The question now is “Does an introvert person self-disclose online?” In this paper, the level of social disclosure in social media among introverted students is determined in terms of self-esteem and self-image. With this, the significant relationship between self-esteem and self-image is also considered a factor of self-disclosure. A survey questionnaire was administered to randomly selected students to identify whether a student is an introvert or not. The identified introvert students are given another set of survey questionnaires. Based on the results, students are online or on social media platforms for more than 3 hours and several times a day. Most of the identified introverted students agreed that social media help them develop or boost their self-esteem. This further implies that social media is their outlet for becoming extroverted online. With high selfesteem and extrovert qualities online, their image is very important. Through online, introverted students can easily present their selves and be free to react to their friends’ activities. Moreover, they found recognition as a return for the lack of popularity and confidence in their offline day-to-day lives. Results also show the significant relationship between self-esteem and self-image as factors for self-disclosure of introverted students. Online self-disclosure facilitates a setting where introverted people can open up without feeling pressured or judged by those around them. Through social media, many people can portray themselves as friendly, attractive, enjoyable, and noble. Keywords: social media, self-esteem, self-image, self-disclosure, introverted students

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STREAM: HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Oral Presentation Profitability Analysis of Falcata (Paraserianthes falcataria (L.) Nielsen) In Falcata-Based Agroforestry Systems in Misamis Oriental, Philippines Richmund A. Palma1, Lydia E. Tiongco2, Oliva P. Canencia3, Renato D. Boniao4, Eric John Florida5, Jayson Y. Dagonio6 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0001-6208-5212

Campus Affiliation: USTP Claveria Sustaining enthusiasm of agroforestry farmers towards falcatabased agroforestry systems necessitates robust and profitable tree enterprise. This study sought to evaluate the profitability of establishing and managing falcata in different falcata-based agroforestry systems for timber products in Misamis Oriental. Profitability analysis was conducted using combined randomsnow-balling sampling, complemented by secondary data review. Data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics. The result showed that the enterprise gives a net income of PhP 338,094.00 to farmers at an average yield of 242 m3 ha-1 over an eightyear rotation. Net present value (NPV) at 12% and 15% is PhP 104,808.30 and PhP 79,735.40, respectively. On the other hand, the internal rate of return (IRR) is 13.67% and 16.98% for a discount rate at 12% and 15%. An indication of a bright outlook of planting falcata in different agroforestry systems. Also, implying that it is a profitable tree-based enterprise. Keywords: Falcata, profitability, income, enterprise, agroforestry

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STREAM: HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES Oral Presentation Status of Farm Mechanization in Northern Mindanao, Philippines: A Case of Increasing Productivity through Farm Mechanization Efficiency Ronelo G. Cablinda1, Apolinario B. Gonzaga, Jr2., Renante D. Taylaran3, Eric Randy R. Politud, Charly G. Alcantara, Nelda R. Gonzaga4, Edgar Allan Po5, Leonilove A. Harnaiz6, Bryan Glomel S. Silverio7 Email: [email protected] ORCID No.: 0000-0002-5159-5580

Campus Affiliation: USTP Claveria Socio-economic profiling of farmers was conducted involving thirtyfive thousand (N=35,000) respondents across Northern Mindanao, Philippines. Major attributes on farm mechanization, farm power preferences, market support and major problems and constraints associated with farming mechanization were assessed and evaluated. In farm major operations, high dependence on manual labor and draft animals are common. Manual hauling and solar drying of produce comprises the majority of their post-harvest activities. Respondents highly expressed their preference of acquiring a 4 x 4 tractor. Preference relative to machineries is highly driven by utility value and familiarity of the machine. This could be associated to low levelof awareness thereby low appreciation of a particular machinery. Regardless of the type of machinery, the higher the horsepower the more they are preferred and prioritized by the farmers. Moreover, respondents are well-informed and most of them have accessed to price information and credit provider. Few of the respondent avails crop and livestock insurance. High percentage of them attested the usefulness of the seminars delivered by technical services. Most respondents sold their produce to regular buyers although for animal-based productions almost half of the farmers revealed opting not to sell but instead used as draft animals or for household consumption. Further, as collated, farm mechanization should be given more emphasis both increasing level of awareness and provision of assistance. Keywords: Agricultural Engineering, Post-harvest Operations, Farm Power, Manual Labor, Deterministic Correlation

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STREAM: FOOD SAFETY, PRODUCTIVITY & SECURITY CATEGORY A: BEST PAPER 1st DIOGENES ARMANDO D. PASCUA Title: Development of a Fish Freshness Meter Using Bioimpedance Analysis 2nd BRYAN GLOMEL S. SILVERIO Title: Potential of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) production under greenhouse and open field condition in Misamis Oriental, Philippines 3rd ANTHONY T. DOLLEN Title: Agronomic performance of Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) as influence biofertilizer and different level of inorganic fertilizer CATEGORY B: BEST POSTER 1st MELECYN JANE ALCARDE Title: Influence of Different Fermentation Starters on Corn (Zeamays) Silage Quality Sensory Attributes and Growth of Dairy Calves Co-authors: Arvin Kim S. Decipulo, Joseph N. Amboy, Anacieto G. Turan, Imelda U. Hebron 2nd IMELDA U. HEBRON Title: Growth Performance of Diary Calves Fed with Different Levels of Brewer’s Spent Grains 3rd CHERIEDEN J. BELANO Title: Acceptability and Shelf Life of Banana Stem into Chips in Different Packaging Materials Co-authors: Gerlie C. Delos Reyes, Anne Jane M. Fajardo, Christopher R. Balaba

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STREAM: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION CATEGORY A: BEST PAPER 1st LEAH MAE TABOSARES Title: Innovative Teaching-Learning System: CDOI Initiatives in USTP Co-authors: Amparo V. Dinagsa, Lloyd John Estampa, Roijen Moricilla and Aileen A. Sieras 2nd CHARITO ONG Title: Zoom Application for Online Language Learning

CATEGORY B: BEST POSTER 1st

IVY D. YPANTO

Title: Assessment of Acceptability of Multipurpose Drafting Table for the New Normal Co-authors: Alenogines L. San Diego 2nd JOHN DAVID O. MONCADA Title: Gathering Evidences as Bases for Institutionalizing Space for Science Communication Project in the University of Science and Technology Of Southern Philippines Co-authors: Angeli Pizarro-Monsanto 3rd IRISH CABTALAN-ACHONDO Title: Diensions of Motivation and Engagement of Science Curriculum High School Taking Home Economics Class: Development of Measurement Scale Through Exploratory Factor Analysis Co-authors: Sarah O. Namoco

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STREAM: NATURAL SCIENCES CATEGORY A: BEST PAPER 1st ALLEN RHAY B. BAYANTONG Title: Metal Ferret-Enable Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites for Adsorptive Removal for Dye from Simulated Waste Water

CATEGORY B: BEST POSTER 1st ROWENA D. LUPAC Title: Above-ground Biomass and Carbon Stock Estimation of Rhizophora apiculata and Rhizophora mucronata and its Potential Market Value in Alubijid and Laguindingan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines Co-authors: Althea June C. Nacalaban, Wella Marie M. Paradero 2nd BRYAN G. TAMAYO Title: Volume of Fish Catch Composition and CPUE in Jimenez and Sinacaban, Misamis Occidental Co-authors: Jonnebert A. Sol, Jolito L. Salamanca, Grace Paul R. Mutas, Joylyn C. Tanguamos 3rd RAEDEN G. CUARESMA Title: Production Yield of Sea Salt using Cooking Method in the Coastal Waters of Panaon, Misamis Occidental Co-authors: Harold C. Enson, Kathrina H. Gomonit, Joe T. Labadan, Jochres Eufreme Mico P. Padilla

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STREAM: INDRUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRASTRUCTURE & TRANSPORTATION CATEGORY A: BEST PAPER 1st SARAH MAE S. UTLANG Title: Optimization of Biodiesel Yield from Wastewater Industry Fats, Oil and Grease via Two-Step Transesterification through Response Surface Methology Co-authors: Apolinario B. Gonzaga, Jr., Nelda R. Gonzaga, Ronelo G Cablinda, Judife N Magallanes, April Mae T. Batuigas, Melecyn Jane L. Alcarde, Anthony T. Dollen, Duff M. Sarausa, Ladyrose O. Abrigana, Norman S. Razalo and Leonie Love 2nd JOHN MIKEL M. ACMA Title: Experimental Investigation on the Effects of Biogas-LPG Fuel Blends and 4- Stroke Spark Ignition Engine for Power Generation Application Co-authors: Antonio-Abdu Sami M. Magomnang, Eliseo P. Villanueva 3rd

ADONIS A. CLOSAS

Title: Performance Evaluation of Waste Heat Harvesting System from Combustion Agricultural Biomass Waste Using Thermoelectric Power Generators Co-authors: Marvin V. Rosales, Dennis E. Ganas

CATEGORY B: BEST POSTER 1st

SHAINA MAE C. ROSIL Title: Efficiency of Modified Corn Stock as an Adsorbent for Cephalexin Removal in Aqueous Solution

2nd

BAGAYNA, ROSITO CIRILO M. Title: Design and Development of Shredder Machine for General Waste (Plastic, Paper and Leaves)

3rd

MARION ROWIE SALVADOR Title: DASIG FERRY: A 35-Meter Ferry for Brahmaputra River Co-authors: Ronamie Peritos, Nelio Peroso Jr., Maricar Lacerna

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STREAM: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY CATEGORY A: BEST PAPER 1st

ALEX L. MAUREAL Title: Health Information Management System Co-Authors: Oliva Canencia, Jomar Llevedo, Ma. Angeles Honosolango

2nd

ALEX L. MAUREAL Title: NTC-Electronic Data and Evaluation System Co-authors: Ulrich Lee Uy

3rd

RHODA A. NAMOCO Title: A Decision Support System for the Optimal Allocation and Distribution Of COVID-19 Vaccines Using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) And Integer Programming (IP) Models Co-authors: Noe Jay Torres, Hannah Faye C. Culaste, Zython Paul T. Lachica, Honey Glenn P. Lorono, Ross Feivanni Inquillo, Mary Anne E. Mata

CATEGORY B: BEST POSTER 1st

JC VANNY MILL A. SALEDAIEN Title: An Android-Based Mobile Application for Conducting Tests using Facial Recognition for Identity Verification Co-authors:Hernie Jabien Jr.,Trexie Marie Jamora, Nicole Ann Taboclaon, Rachel Anne Cansico

2nd

MIRIAM M. BERGADO Title: Estimating Pig Weight using Machine Vision Co-authors: Ma. Lourdes Q. Tacastacas

3rd

ALLAIZA MAE R. MINOZA Title: Neural Network-Based Cassava (Manihot Esculenta) Disease Detection Co-authors: Mark Lester V. Nalupa

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STREAM: HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES CATEGORY A: BEST PAPER 1st

RICHMUND A. PALMA Title: Profitable Analysis of Falcata (Paraserianthes Falcataria (L.) Nielsen- Base Agroforestry Systems in Misamis Oriental, Philippines Co-Authors: Lydia E. Tiongco, Olivia P. Canencia, Renato D. Boniao, Eric John Florida, Jayson Y. Dagonio

2nd

LAYA LOU C. MONTECALVO Title: Agricultural Extension Communication Strategies In The New Normal: USTP PANDEMIC Farm Agriculture Innovation Systems Co-authors: Nelda R. Gonzaga, Apolinario B. Gonzaga Jr., Ronelo G. Cablinda, Bryan Glomel S. Silverio, Christy Vann Grace N. Colim, Duff M. Sarausa

3rd

PELMAR ACOSTA Title: Impact of Implemented Social Development and Management Program Of The Mineral Processing Plants In Misamis Occidental On The Living Condition Of Its Host Communities

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STREAMS: FOOD SAFETY, PRODUCTIVITY AND SECURITY & SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION MR. DERREN N. GAYLO Head, Center for Educational Analytics, College of Education, Bukidnon State University Bukidnon, Philippines DR. MERCEDES MACEREN-PATES Associate Professor, Department of Aquaculture, Mindanao State University – Naawan, Naawan, Misamis Oriental, Philippines DR. MARIA ESTELA B. DETALLA Dean, College of Agriculture, Central Mindanao University Maramag, Bukidnon, Philippines

STREAMS: NATURAL SCIENCES & INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT, ENERGY SUFFICIENCY, INFRATRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION DR. MARIA GLADYS S. ESCARLOS Dean, College of Education, Central Mindanao University Maramag, Bukidnon, Philippines DR. ROLANDO T. CANDIDATO, JR. Professor, Department of Physics, College of Science and Mathematics, MSU- Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines DR. MARK LLOYD G. DAPAR Assistant Professor, College of Arts and Sciences, Central Mindanao University Maramag, Bukidnon, Philippines TRACK: INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY & HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES MS. CRISTINA AMOR T. CAJILLA Chair, Department of Information Systems, College of Computer Studies, Xavier University-Ateneo de Cagayan Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines MR. WINSTON B. GALLINERO Chairperson, Department of Social Sciences, Liceo de Cagayan University, Cagayan Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines DR. AURORA CINDY A. BALABAT Information Technology Professor, Liceo de Cagayan University, Carmen, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines

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Chair and Members

Committee

Ismael N. Talili Jeffrey Ken B. Balangao Armie Joy O. Resurreccion

Summit Ideation and Invitation

Janneth Q. Rondina Jeffrey Ken B. Balangao Ismael N. Talili Helen Grace B. Gonzales Aileen A. Sieras

Selection and Vetting

Jeffrey Ken B. Balangao Janneth Q. Rondina

Protocol and Guidelines

StratComm Sigfred T. Tong

Technical Coordination

Christian H. Cat-awan Ismael N. Talili Allan Jay B. Jamin

Program and Certificates

Ismael N. Talili Christian H. Cat-awan Jeffrey Ken B. Balangao

Book of Abstracts

Janneth Q. Rondina Armie Joy O. Resurreccion

Logistics

Armie Joy O. Resurreccion Janneth Q. Rondina Edna C. Paner Allan Jay B. Jamin

Food

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